Flat wire motor winding and motor
By configuring parallel branches equal to the number of pole pairs in the odd-numbered layer flat wire motor windings and setting balancing coils, the problems of complex and asymmetrical winding connections in flat wire motors are solved, thereby improving the stability and flexibility of the motor.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-26
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-10
AI Technical Summary
Existing flat wire motors have complex winding connections. The asymmetry of the odd-numbered winding structure leads to complex connection schemes and makes it difficult to flexibly match different torque and power requirements.
The motor uses an odd-numbered layer flat wire winding, with each phase coil configured with a parallel branch equal to the number of pole pairs. A balancing coil is set in the innermost or outermost layer of the winding to form a parallel branch with opposite current flow. The balancing coil achieves the balance of resistance and inductance, weakens high-order harmonics, and improves motor stability.
It achieves symmetrical connection of odd-numbered layer flat wire motor windings, eliminates circulating current, expands the variety of series turns per phase, and improves the motor's operating stability and torque ripple reduction capability.
Smart Images
Figure CN121840960A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to a flat wire motor winding and motor, belonging to the technical field of main drive motor. BACKGROUND
[0002] Due to its advantages, flat wire motors are widely used in new energy vehicle main drive motors and other fields. Due to the characteristics of low insulation ratio and high slot fill rate, the motor has small thermal load and lower winding temperature when the same slot area and current are used, so when the same temperature threshold is guaranteed, the flat wire motor can pass through larger current and output larger torque and power, so the flat wire motor has higher torque density and power density.
[0003] At present, there are several problems in the connection of flat wire winding. First of all, the winding structure and connection method are relatively complex. With the increase of the number of layers and slots, the type of wire increases, and a large number of special-shaped wires are also used, making the flat wire structure wiring complex and increasing the manufacturing process difficulty. Secondly, the flat wire motor needs to connect the bus bar to the phase winding lead-out wire and the star point, which increases the axial height of the motor. In addition, due to the limitation of the number of layers and the number of parallel branches of the motor, the number of turns in series of each phase of the flat wire motor is not as flexible as the round wire motor, making it difficult to match the flat wire for different torque and power demand platforms. It is necessary to change the number of slots and layers of the motor. The odd layer winding structure can expand the number of turns in series of each phase, providing more choices for motor demand matching.
[0004] Due to the asymmetry of the number of layers, the traditional even layer winding connection rule is not applicable, and the problem of connecting the odd layer winding cannot be solved, such as asymmetry between branches, complex connection scheme, etc. SUMMARY
[0005] The purpose of the present application is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, provide a flat wire motor winding and motor, which has applicability to odd layer coil winding and does not need to be redesigned for specific pole slot matching, solving the problem of current odd layer winding structure asymmetry and complex connection scheme.
[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present application is realized by using the following technical scheme: In one aspect, the present application provides a flat wire motor winding, the winding is an odd layer, including U, V and W three-phase coils, each phase coil is configured with parallel branches whose number of branches is equal to the number of pole pairs. Each phase coil is wound on the stator core by the first layer and the last layer of the winding, forming parallel branches with opposite current flow directions. The parallel branches are provided with balance coils at the innermost layer or the outermost layer of the winding to balance the resistance, inductance and current of each branch in the winding.
[0007] Optionally, the balance coil is connected by bus bar or lead wire.
[0008] Optionally, the balance coil adopts an over-length pitch, and the pitch represents a distance of each magnetic pole on a stator core circumferential surface; The over-length pitch is represented as , represents a motor pole pitch; The calculation formula of the pole pitch is represented as: ; Wherein, represents a motor slot number, represents a pole pair number.
[0009] Optionally, the parallel branch includes a first branch group and a second branch group; wherein the current direction of all branches in the first branch group is from the first layer of the winding to the last layer, and the current direction of all branches in the second branch group is from the last layer of the winding to the first layer.
[0010] Optionally, the first branch group and the second branch group are distributed in space along the stator core circumferential staggered symmetry.
[0011] Optionally, the phase belt of each layer of the winding is the same.
[0012] Optionally, the phase belt of at least one layer of the winding from the last layer is different from the phase belt of the remaining layers of the winding, and the at least one layer of the winding is offset by one motor slot compared with the remaining layers.
[0013] Optionally, the phase belt of the odd layers of the winding is different from the phase belt of the even layers, and the odd layers of the winding are offset by one motor slot compared with the even layers.
[0014] Another aspect of the present application provides a motor, comprising the above-mentioned flat wire motor winding.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects: 1、The present application is aimed at the flat wire motor with an odd number of winding layers, and each phase coil is configured with parallel branches with a number of branches equal to the pole pair number, each phase coil is wound on the stator core from the first layer and the last layer of the winding, forming parallel branches with opposite current directions, and the parallel branches are provided with balance coils in the innermost layer or the outermost layer of the winding to balance the resistance and inductance of each branch in the winding, achieving symmetry between the branches, thereby ensuring resistance and inductance balance and eliminating circulating current, and through the cooperation of the number of parallel branches equal to the pole pair number, the number of series turns per phase can be expanded, without the need for redesigning for specific pole-slot cooperation, solving the problems of asymmetry of the current odd-layer winding structure and complex connection scheme.
[0016] 2. In this invention, starting from the last layer, at least one layer of windings has a phase band that is different from the phase band of the remaining layers of windings. The at least one layer of windings that is different from the phase band of the remaining layers is offset by one motor slot, which can weaken high-order harmonics, reduce torque fluctuations, and improve the stability of motor operation. Attached Figure Description
[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the winding coil distribution of a flat wire motor provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the coil distribution of a flat wire motor according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the coil distribution of a flat wire motor winding provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the coil distribution of a flat wire motor winding provided in Embodiment 4 of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the coil distribution of a flat wire motor winding provided in Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
[0018] (The horizontal numbers in the diagram represent the number of motor slots, the vertical numbers represent the number of winding layers, the dashed lines represent the welding ends, the solid lines represent the crown ends, and the three-phase leads and star points are distributed at the crown ends.) Detailed Implementation
[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Example 1
[0020] A flat wire motor winding has an odd number of layers and includes three-phase coils U, V, and W. Each phase coil is configured with parallel branches with the same number of branches as the number of pole pairs. Each phase coil is wound on the stator core by the first and last layers of the winding, forming parallel branches with opposite current flows. Parallel branches have balancing coils in the innermost or outermost layer of the winding to balance the resistance, inductance and current of each branch in the winding; the balancing coils use extra-long pitch, where pitch represents the distance of each magnetic pole on the circumferential surface of the stator core. Ultra-long pitch is represented as , Indicates the motor pole pitch; The formula for calculating polar moment is expressed as: ;in, Indicates the number of slots in the motor. Represents the extreme logarithm; Specifically, this embodiment uses the parameters of an 8-pole, 48-slot, 7-layer winding motor, taking the U-phase as an example: The number of parallel branches of the motor is 4, and the U phase has four current inflow ends and four current outflow ends; the parallel branches with 4 branches are divided into a first branch group and a second branch group, and the first branch group and the second branch group are distributed in space along the stator core circumference staggered symmetrically; wherein the first branch group comprises current inflow ends U1+, U2+, current outflow ends U1-, U2-, the current inflow ends U1+, U2+ are at the 1st layer of the winding, and the current outflow ends U1-, U2- are at the 7th layer of the winding; the second branch group comprises current inflow ends U3+, U4+, current outflow ends U3-, U4-, the current inflow ends U3+, U4+ are at the 7th layer of the winding, and the current outflow ends U3-, U4- are at the 1st layer of the winding; As shown in Figure 1 The motor slot and the winding layer number where the first branch (U1+, U1-) of the U phase is located are represented as: 1(1)-7(2)-14(1)-20(2)-25(1)-31(2)-38(1)-44(2)-2(3)-8(4)-13(3)-19(4)-26(3)-32(4)-37(3)-43(4)-2(5)-8(6)-15(5)-21(6)-26(5)-32(6)-39(5)-45(6)-3(7)-9(7)-26(7)-32(7); it should be noted that 1(1) represents the conductor of the 1st layer of the 1st motor slot, 7(2) represents the conductor of the 2nd layer of the 7th motor slot, 14(1) represents the conductor of the 1st layer of the 14th motor slot, and the remaining numbers are described in the same manner, so the description is omitted; and "-" represents connection; The motor slot and the winding layer number where the second branch (U2+, U2-) of the U phase is located are represented as: 2(1)-8(2)-13(1)-19(2)-26(1)-32(2)-37(1)-43(2)-1(3)-7(4)-14(3)-20(4)-25(3)-31(4)-38(3)-44(4)-3(5)-9(6)-14(5)-20(6)-27(5)-33(6)-38(5)-44(6)-2(7)-8(7)-27(7)-33(7); The motor slot and the winding layer number where the third branch (U3+, U3-) of the U phase is located are represented as: 38(7)-44(7)-15(7)-21(7)-15(6)-9(5)-2(6)-44(5)-39(6)-33(5)-26(6)-20(5)-13(4)-7(3)-2(4)-44(3)-37(4)-31(3)-26(4)-20(3)-14(2)-8(1)-1(2)-43(1)-38(2)-32(1)-25(2)-19(1); The motor slot and winding layer number of the 4th branch of phase U (U4+, U4-) are represented as follows: 39(7)-45(7)-14(7)-20(7)-14(6)-8(5)-3(6)-45(5)-38(6)-32(5)-27(6)-21(5)-14(4)-8(3)-1(4)-43(3)-38(4)-32(3)-25(4)-19(3)-13(2)-7(1)-2(2)-44(1)-37(2)-31(1)-26(2)-20(1); To reduce high-order harmonics, lower torque ripple, and improve motor operating stability, the phase bands of adjacent layers 1-4 of the winding are the same, the phase bands of adjacent layers 5-7 of the winding are the same, and the windings of layers 5-7 are offset by one slot compared to layers 1-4. The balancing coils of the first branch of phase U are distributed in slots 9 to 26, with a pitch of [missing information]. The U-phase second branch overbalanced coils are distributed in slots 8 to 27, with a pitch of [missing information]. The balancing coils of the third branch of phase U are distributed in slots 44 to 15, with a pitch of [missing information]. The balancing coils of the fourth branch of phase U are distributed in slots 45 to 14, with a pitch of [missing information]. Each branch has a balancing coil, achieving symmetry between branches; The balancing coil can be connected by leads or by busbars, and can be integrated with the incoming and outgoing lines and star copper busbars into a single structural component. Example 2
[0021] Example 2 is based on the same concept as Example 1, the difference being: like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the number of motor slots and winding layers where the first branch of phase U (U1+, U1-) is located is represented as: 1(1)-7(2)-14(1)-20(2)-25(1)-31(2)-38(1)-44(2)-2(3)-8(4)-13(3)-19(4)-26(3)-32(4)-37(3)-43(4)-1(5)-8(6)-14(5)-21(6)-25(5)-32(6)-38(5)-45(6)-3(7)-9(7)-26(7)-32(7); The number of motor slots and winding layers where the second branch of phase U (U2+, U2-) is located is expressed as: 2(1)-8(2)-13(1)-19(2)-26(1)-32(2)-37(1)-43(2)-1(3)-7(4)-14(3)-20(4)-25(3)-31(4)-38(3)-44(4)-2(5)-9(6)-13(5)-20(6)-26(5)-33(6)-37(5)-44(6)-2(7)-8(7)-27(7)-33(7); The motor slot and winding layer number of the third branch of phase U (U3+, U3-) are represented as follows: 38(7)-44(7)-15(7)-21(7)-15(6)-8(5)-2(6)-43(5)-39(6)-32(5)-26(6)-19(5)-13(4)-7(3)-2(4)-44(3)-37(4)-31(3)-26(4)-20(3)-14(2)-8(1)-1(2)-43(1)-38(2)-32(1)-25(2)-19(1); The motor slot and winding layer number of the 4th branch of phase U (U4+, U4-) are represented as follows: 39(7)-45(7)-14(7)-20(7)-14(6)-7(5)-3(6)-44(5)-38(6)-31(5)-27(6)-20(5)-14(4)-8(3)-1(4)-43(3)-38(4)-32(3)-25(4)-19(3)-13(2)-7(1)-2(2)-44(1)-37(2)-31(1)-26(2)-20(1); To reduce high-order harmonics, lower torque ripple, and improve motor operating stability, the phase bands of adjacent layers 1-5 of the winding are the same, the phase bands of adjacent layers 6-7 of the winding are the same, and the windings of layers 6-7 are offset by one slot compared to layers 1-5. The balancing coils of the first branch of phase U are distributed in slots 9 to 26, with a pitch of [missing information]. The U-phase second branch overbalanced coils are distributed in slots 8 to 27, with a pitch of [missing information]. The balancing coils of the third branch of phase U are distributed in slots 44 to 15, with a pitch of [missing information]. The balancing coils of the fourth branch of phase U are distributed in slots 45 to 14, with a pitch of [missing information]. Each branch has a balancing coil, achieving symmetry between branches; Example 3
[0022] Example 3 is based on the same concept as Example 1, the difference being: like Figure 3As shown, in this embodiment, the number of motor slots and winding layers where the first branch of phase U (U1+, U1-) is located is represented as: 1(1)-7(2)-14(1)-20(2)-25(1)-31(2)-38(1)-44(2)-2(3)-8(4)-13(3)-19(4)-26(3)-32(4)-37(3)-43(4)-1(5)-7(6)-14(5)-20(6)-25(5)-31(6)-38(5)-44(6)-3(7)-9(7)-26(7)-32(7); The number of motor slots and winding layers where the second branch of phase U (U2+, U2-) is located is expressed as: 2(1)-8(2)-13(1)-19(2)-26(1)-32(2)-37(1)-43(2)-1(3)-7(4)-14(3)-20(4)-25(3)-31(4)-38(3)-44(4)-2(5)-8(6)-13(5)-19(6)-26(5)-32(6)-37(5)-43(6)-2(7)-8(7)-27(7)-33(7); The motor slot and winding layer number of the third branch of phase U (U3+, U3-) are represented as follows: 38(7)-44(7)-15(7)-21(7)-14(6)-8(5)-1(6)-43(5)-38(6)-32(5)-25(6)-19(5)-13(4)-7(3)-2(4)-44(3)-37(4)-31(3)-26(4)-20(3)-14(2)-8(1)-1(2)-43(1)-38(2)-32(1)-25(2)-19(1); The motor slot and winding layer number of the 4th branch of phase U (U4+, U4-) are represented as follows: 39(7)-45(7)-14(7)-20(7)-13(6)-7(5)-2(6)-44(5)-37(6)-31(5)-26(6)-20(5)-14(4)-8(3)-1(4)-43(3)-38(4)-32(3)-25(4)-19(3)-13(2)-7(1)-2(2)-44(1)-37(2)-31(1)-26(2)-20(1); To reduce high-order harmonics, lower torque ripple, and improve motor operating stability, adjacent layers of windings 1-6 have the same phase band, and winding layer 7 is offset by one slot compared to layers 1-5. The balancing coils of the first branch of phase U are distributed in slots 9 to 26, with a pitch of [missing information]. The U-phase second branch overbalanced coils are distributed in slots 8 to 27, with a pitch of [missing information]. The balancing coils of the third branch of phase U are distributed in slots 44 to 15, with a pitch of [missing information]. The balancing coils of the fourth branch of phase U are distributed in slots 45 to 14, with a pitch of [missing information]. Each branch has a balancing coil, achieving symmetry between branches; Example 4
[0023] Example 4 is based on the same concept as Example 1, the difference being: like Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the number of motor slots and winding layers where the first branch of phase U (U1+, U1-) is located is represented as: 1(1)-7(2)-14(1)-20(2)-25(1)-31(2)-38(1)-44(2)-2(3)-8(4)-13(3)-19(4)-26(3)-32(4)-37(3)-43(4)-1(5)-7(6)-14(5)-20(6)-25(5)-31(6)-38(5)-44(6)-2(7)-8(7)-25(7)-31(7); The number of motor slots and winding layers where the second branch of phase U (U2+, U2-) is located is expressed as: 2(1)-8(2)-13(1)-19(2)-26(1)-32(2)-37(1)-43(2)-1(3)-7(4)-14(3)-20(4)-25(3)-31(4)-38(3)-44(4)-2(5)-8(6)-13(5)-19(6)-26(5)-32(6)-37(5)-43(6)-1(7)-7(7)-26(7)-32(7); The motor slot and winding layer number of the third branch of phase U (U3+, U3-) are represented as follows: 37(7)-43(7)-14(7)-20(7)-14(6)-8(5)-1(6)-43(5)-38(6)-32(5)-25(6)-19(5)-13(4)-7(3)-2(4)-44(3)-37(4)-31(3)-26(4)-20(3)-14(2)-8(1)-1(2)-43(1)-38(2)-32(1)-25(2)-19(1); The motor slot and winding layer number of the 4th branch of phase U (U4+, U4-) are represented as follows: 38(7)-44(7)-13(7)-19(7)-13(6)-7(5)-2(6)-44(5)-37(6)-31(5)-26(6)-20(5)-14(4)-8(3)-1(4)-43(3)-38(4)-32(3)-25(4)-19(3)-13(2)-7(1)-2(2)-44(1)-37(2)-31(1)-26(2)-20(1); In this embodiment, the motor is a full-pitch motor with 7 layers of windings having the same phase. Full-pitch motors have a high winding coefficient and can output greater torque. The balancing coils of the first branch of phase U are distributed in slots 8 to 25, with a pitch of [missing information]. The U-phase second branch overbalanced coils are distributed in slots 7 to 26, with a pitch of [missing information]. The balancing coils of the third branch of phase U are distributed in slots 43 to 14, with a pitch of [missing information]. The balancing coils of the fourth branch of phase U are distributed in slots 44 to 13, with a pitch of [missing information]. Each branch has a balancing coil, which achieves symmetry between the branches. Example 5
[0024] Example 5 is based on the same concept as Example 1, the difference being: like Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the number of motor slots and winding layers where the first branch of phase U (U1+, U1-) is located is represented as: 1(1)-8(2)-14(1)-21(2)-25(1)-32(2)-38(1)-45(2)-2(3)-9(4)-13(3)-20(4)-26(3)-33(4)-37(3)-44(4)-1(5)-8(6)-14(5)-21(6)-25(5)-32(6)-38(5)-45(6)-2(7)-8(7)-25(7)-31(7); The number of motor slots and winding layers where the second branch of phase U (U2+, U2-) is located is expressed as: 2(1)-9(2)-13(1)-20(2)-26(1)-33(2)-37(1)-44(2)-1(3)-8(4)-14(3)-21(4)-25(3)-32(4)-38(3)-45(4)-2(5)-9(6)-13(5)-20(6)-26(5)-33(6)-37(5)-44(6)-1(7)-7(7)-26(7)-32(7); The motor slot and winding layer number of the third branch of phase U (U3+, U3-) are represented as follows: 37(7)-43(7)-14(7)-20(7)-15(6)-8(5)-2(6)-43(5)-39(6)-32(5)-26(6)-19(5)-14(4)-7(3)-3(4)-44(3)-38(4)-31(3)-27(4)-20(3)-15(2)-8(1)-2(2)-43(1)-39(2)-32(1)-26(2)-19(1); The motor slot and winding layer number of the 4th branch of phase U (U4+, U4-) are represented as follows: 38(7)-44(7)-13(7)-19(7)-14(6)-7(5)-3(6)-44(5)-38(6)-31(5)-27(6)-20(5)-15(4)-8(3)-2(4)-43(3)-39(4)-32(3)-26(4)-19(3)-14(2)-7(1)-3(2)-44(1)-38(2)-31(1)-27(2)-20(1); In this embodiment, the motor is a short-pitch motor. The odd-numbered winding phase bands are the same, and the even-numbered winding phase bands are the same. The odd-numbered and even-numbered winding phase bands are offset by one motor slot. The short-pitch winding arrangement can weaken high-order harmonics, reduce torque fluctuations, and improve the motor's operating stability. The balancing coils of the first branch of phase U are distributed in slots 8 to 25, with a pitch of [missing information]. The U-phase second branch overbalanced coils are distributed in slots 7 to 26, with a pitch of [missing information]. The balancing coils of the third branch of phase U are distributed in slots 43 to 14, with a pitch of [missing information]. The balancing coils of the fourth branch of phase U are distributed in slots 44 to 13, with a pitch of [missing information]. Each branch has a balancing coil, which achieves symmetry between the branches.
[0025] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.
[0026] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.
[0027] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A flat wire motor winding, characterized in that, The winding has an odd number of layers, including three-phase coils of U, V and W. Each phase coil is equipped with parallel branches with the same number of branches as the number of pole pairs. Each phase coil is wound on the stator core by the first and last layers of winding, forming parallel branches with opposite current flows; The parallel branch has a balancing coil in the innermost or outermost layer of the winding to balance the resistance, inductance and current of each branch in the winding.
2. The flat wire motor winding according to claim 1, characterized in that, The balancing coil is connected by a bus or leads.
3. The flat wire motor winding according to claim 1, characterized in that, The balancing coil uses an extra-long pitch, where pitch represents the distance of each magnetic pole on the circumferential surface of the stator core. The ultra-long pitch is expressed as: , Indicates the motor pole pitch; The formula for calculating the polar distance is as follows: ; in, Indicates the number of slots in the motor. It represents the extreme logarithm.
4. The flat wire motor winding according to claim 1, characterized in that, The parallel branch circuit includes a first branch group and a second branch group; wherein, the current direction of all branches in the first branch group is from the first layer of the winding to the last layer, and the current direction of all branches in the second branch group is from the last layer of the winding to the first layer.
5. The flat wire motor winding according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first branch group and the second branch group are spatially staggered and symmetrically distributed along the circumference of the stator core.
6. The flat wire motor winding according to claim 1, characterized in that, The phase bands of each layer of the winding are the same.
7. The flat wire motor winding according to claim 1, characterized in that, Starting from the last layer, at least one layer of the winding has a phase band that is different from the phase band of the remaining layers of the winding, and at least one layer of the winding is offset by one motor slot compared to the remaining layers.
8. The flat wire motor winding according to claim 1, characterized in that, The odd-numbered layers of the winding have different phases than the even-numbered layers, and the odd-numbered layers of the winding are offset by one motor slot compared to the even-numbered layers.
9. An electric motor, characterized in that, Includes the flat wire motor winding as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.