Annular part mortise planing machining device and using method

Abstract

The invention discloses an annular part mortise planing machining device and a using method, and belongs to the technical field of planing equipment. Comprising a planing machine, the front side of the planing machine is provided with a supporting table capable of lifting up and down, an annular piece is placed on the supporting table, a ram is arranged on the planing machine in a sliding mode, a planing tool is installed on the ram, and an adjusting assembly is arranged between the planing tool and the ram and comprises an installation head installed on the ram, and an installation sliding head capable of sliding up and down is installed on the installation head; a tool base is arranged on the installation head in a sliding mode and provided with a through hole for the planer tool to penetrate through and be installed. The ring part mortise planing device and the using method have the beneficial effects that through the arranged tool base and the hydraulic oil cavity, when the force is larger than a threshold value, the mounting sliding head moves upwards, then the planing tool is driven to move upwards, the planing depth is reduced, and due to the buffering effect of hydraulic oil, the planing depth is reduced; and the planer tool does not excessively move to be separated from the annular piece under impact.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of planing equipment technology, and more specifically, to a planing device and method for planing mortise and tenon joints of ring-shaped parts. Background Technology

[0002] When machining existing annular parts such as turbine disks, it is usually necessary to machine mortises on the annular parts for connection or installation in order to install them. For example, the mortises on turbine disks are used to connect with the blades. Planing is a machining method for removing material. Typically, during a machining stroke, the planer cutter cuts the material and then returns to its original position to avoid affecting the surface quality. This is usually done on a shaper or gantry planer. Planing mortises is a common machining method, as seen in existing mortise and tenon planers. Because a single-edged planer is used and no cutting occurs during the ram's return stroke, planing chips tend to accumulate on one side of the planer's travel direction. This accumulation affects machining and also causes heat buildup, which is difficult for the cutting fluid to remove. Furthermore, due to the size and structure of the mortises, multiple planing passes are usually required to reduce the depth of cut in a single pass. Multiple planing passes can cause the workpiece and planer to overheat, affecting planing accuracy. If the depth of cut is too large, the planer will be subjected to excessive force, leading to accelerated wear or breakage. Conversely, if the depth of cut is too small, machining efficiency will be affected.

[0003] Therefore, there is a need for a planing device and method for machining the tenon groove of a ring-shaped part to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The summary section of this application is intended to provide a brief overview of the concepts, which will be described in detail in the detailed description section below. This summary section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the claimed technical solutions, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the claimed technical solutions.

[0005] To address the technical problems mentioned in the background section, some embodiments of this application provide a planing device and method for machining tenons and grooves on annular parts, comprising: a planer, a vertically movable support platform provided on the front side of the planer, an annular part placed on the support platform, a movable platform slidably disposed on the support platform, a positioning stop and a fixed stop opposite to the positioning stop fixedly connected to the movable platform, the annular part being fixed by clamping it between the positioning stop and the fixed stop, a slide block slidably disposed on the planer, a planing cutter mounted on the slide block, an adjustment assembly disposed between the planing cutter and the slide block, the adjustment assembly comprising: a mounting head mounted on the slide block, the mounting head being adjustable in vertical position on the slide block, a vertically sliding mounting slide head mounted on the mounting head, the planing cutter having a connecting head, the connecting head slidingly engaging with the mounting slide head, a tool holder slidably disposed on the mounting head, and a through hole for the planing cutter to pass through for mounting.

[0006] Furthermore, the mounting head has a hydraulic oil chamber, with one end of the tool holder extending into it. The mounting head has an outflow channel and a return channel communicating with the hydraulic oil chamber. A pressure limiting valve is installed at the connection between the outflow channel and the hydraulic oil chamber. A hydraulic tank is fixedly mounted on the mounting head, and a sliding plate is slidably mounted inside the hydraulic tank. A connecting rod, one end of which is connected to the mounting slide head, is fixedly connected to the sliding plate. The sliding plate's movement within the hydraulic tank causes the mounting slide head to move up and down.

[0007] The mounting head has a main flow channel communicating with both the return channel and the outflow channel. One end of the main flow channel extends to and communicates with the hydraulic tank. An insertion plate is mounted on the mounting head, with one end inserted into the mounting head. The insertion plate slides within the mounting head and has a through hole. The portion of the insertion plate inserted into the mounting head can selectively isolate the return channel and the outflow channel. The insertion plate has three positions: a first position, a second position, and a third position. In the first position, the through hole is located in the return channel and coincides with it, allowing liquid to flow within the return channel while the insertion plate isolates the outflow channel. In the second position, the insertion plate isolates the return channel, and the through hole coincides with the outflow channel, allowing liquid to flow within it. In the third position, both the return channel and the outflow channel are isolated. The insertion plate has one end extending out of the mounting head, and a spring connects the insertion plate to the mounting head. When the spring is relaxed, the insertion plate is in the third position. A counterweight is fixedly mounted on the planer.

[0008] Furthermore, a first box is fixedly installed on the front side of the planer, and a second box is slidably installed on the first box. Both the first box and the second box are located on the upper side of the annular part. The first box has an end that fits into one side of the annular part, and the second box also has an end that fits into the other side of the annular part. The first box and the second box clamp the annular part. The second box has a sleeve that slides on the first box. The sleeve abuts against the circumferential side of the annular part, so that the first box and the second box cooperate to partially cover the circumferential side of the annular part. A cylinder is fixedly installed on the first box, and one end of the piston rod of the cylinder is fixedly connected to the second box.

[0009] Furthermore, a through groove is provided on the upper surface of the second box, one end of the planer passes through the through groove, and an upper slide plate is slidably provided inside the second box. The upper slide plate fits against the upper wall of the inner cavity and blocks the through groove. A sleeve for inserting the planer is provided on the upper slide plate. One end of the upper slide plate extends out from one side of the first box, and the other end of the upper slide plate extends out from one side of the second box. When the planer moves to plan, the upper slide plate slides inside the second box.

[0010] Furthermore, the first box has an inner cavity, and a partition is fixedly installed inside the first box to divide the inner cavity of the first box into two parts. The first part is closer to the annular part, and the second part is farther away from the annular part. A piston cylinder is fixedly installed inside the first part. The piston cylinder is slidably connected to a piston rod with one end extending out of the first box. The upper slide plate extends out of the first box and is fixedly connected to the piston rod.

[0011] Furthermore, the piston cylinder has a liquid outlet in the second part, and the piston cylinder is connected to an extension tube that extends to the bottom end of the first part. Both the extension tube and the liquid outlet are equipped with one-way valves, so that the liquid in the piston cylinder flows into the second part in one direction through the liquid outlet, and the liquid enters the piston cylinder in one direction from the first part through the extension tube.

[0012] Furthermore, the fixed baffle has a liquid chamber and a debris chamber. The liquid chamber is located on the side closer to the annular part, and the debris chamber is located on the side farther away from the annular part. A grid is provided at the upper opening of the liquid chamber. The grid is inclined so that the debris falling on the grid slides into the debris chamber. A telescopic tube is provided to connect the liquid chamber and the first part.

[0013] Furthermore, two side plates are fixedly connected to the upper slide plate, and two mounting shafts are set between the two side plates. Sprockets are fixedly connected to the two mounting shafts, and the sprockets on the two mounting shafts are connected by a chain. Multiple hook brushes are fixedly installed on the chain. A rack is fixedly installed inside the second box, and a gear is fixedly connected to one of the mounting shafts. The gear meshes with the rack. When the upper slide plate moves with the planer blade, the gear meshes with the rack to drive the transmission. A cleaning comb is fixedly connected between the two side plates. The cleaning comb cleans the debris on the hook brushes, and the hook brushes face the planer blade.

[0014] Furthermore, rubber baffles located on both sides of the planer are fixedly connected to the upper slide plate. The rubber baffles are attached to the circumferential side of the annular part and are attached to the inner wall of the fixed baffle.

[0015] The present invention also proposes a method for using a planing device for tenon groove machining of ring parts, comprising the following steps:

[0016] S. Adjust the support platform to the lowest position, place the ring-shaped part on the support platform, and position it between the positioning bracket and the fixed bracket. Fix the fixed bracket on the moving platform to clamp and fix the ring-shaped part in conjunction with the positioning bracket. By controlling the support platform to move upward, the circumferential side of the ring-shaped part is made to fit against the sleeve. By controlling the moving platform to move, one side of the ring-shaped part is made to fit against the end of the first box. Then, by starting the cylinder, the end of the second box is made to fit against the side of the ring-shaped part. At this time, the planer is located on one side of the ring-shaped part.

[0017] S. Start the planer, causing the ram to move, which in turn drives the planer blade to move, making the planer blade contact the side of the ring part. At this time, the insertion plate moves from the first position to the second position. As the ram continues to move, the contact force between the planer blade and the ring part increases. When the force exceeds the threshold, it indicates that the planing depth is too large. At this time, the pressure of the tool holder on the hydraulic oil chamber is too large, causing the pressure in the hydraulic oil chamber to reach the threshold. The pressure relief valve discharges the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil chamber through the outflow channel to the main flow channel, and then into the hydraulic tank, causing the sliding plate to move. Through the connecting rod, it drives the mounting slide head to move upward, which in turn drives the planer blade to move upward, reducing the planing depth. Because the hydraulic oil has a buffering effect, it will not cause the planer blade to move excessively and detach from the ring part under impact.

[0018] S. When the appropriate planing depth is reached, the planer starts planing and moves with the slide. At this time, the insert plate moves from the second position to the third position. At this time, the return channel and the outflow channel are isolated, and the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic tank will not flow out, so that the height of the planer does not change, ensuring the processing quality.

[0019] S. When the planer blade is planing, it will drive the upper slide plate to move, which in turn drives the sprocket and chain to move under the action of the rack and gear, which in turn causes the hook brush to move to clean up the planing debris, preventing the debris from accumulating on one side of the planer blade and affecting the planer blade's cutting. At the same time, the cleaning comb prevents the debris from getting tangled on the hook brush.

[0020] S. When the slide plate moves, it will drive the piston rod to move, which will discharge the cutting fluid in the piston cylinder through the outlet to the first part. While cooling the planer, it will flush the remaining chips into the fixed baffle. The chips fall onto the grid above the liquid chamber and slide into the chip chamber. The cutting fluid is recycled in the liquid chamber.

[0021] S. After the planer completes one planing operation, the ram drives the planer to lift and reset. When the planer moves, it drives the upper slide plate to move, causing the piston rod to move and creating a negative pressure inside the piston cylinder. The cutting fluid in the second part is drawn into the piston cylinder through the extension tube. At the same time, the cutting fluid in the liquid chamber returns to the second part of the first box under the action of air pressure through the telescopic tube. The planer returns to the initial state, causing the insertion plate to abut against one side of the planer and return to the first position. At this time, the planer drives the sliding plate to move under the gravity of the counterweight, and the hydraulic oil in the sliding plate flows back to the hydraulic oil chamber through the return channel.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows:

[0023] 1. When the planing depth is too large, the force received will be too large. Through the tool holder and hydraulic oil chamber, when the force exceeds the threshold, it means that the planing depth is too large. At this time, the pressure of the tool holder on the hydraulic oil chamber is too large, so that the pressure in the hydraulic oil chamber reaches the threshold. The pressure relief valve discharges the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil chamber through the outflow channel to the main flow channel, and then enters the hydraulic tank. This causes the sliding plate to move, which drives the mounting slide head to move upward through the connecting rod, and then drives the planing tool to move upward, reducing the planing depth. Because the hydraulic oil has a buffering effect, it will not cause the planing tool to move excessively and detach from the ring part under impact.

[0024] 2. The hook brush and cleaning comb, when the planer blade moves, drive the upper slide plate, which in turn, under the action of the rack and pinion, drives the sprocket and chain, thus causing the hook brush to move. This cleans up the planing debris, preventing it from accumulating on one side of the planer blade and affecting its cutting ability. Simultaneously, the cleaning comb prevents debris from getting tangled on the hook brush.

[0025] 3. The first and second boxes are set up to shield and cover the planing area to prevent debris from splashing. When planing, the cutting fluid is discharged into the first part to cool the planer. At the same time, the channel space formed by the first and second boxes covering the planing part allows the cutting fluid to flow in the channel, improving the cooling effect. The flow of cutting fluid also washes away the debris in the groove. Attached Figure Description

[0026] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the application and to make other features, objects, and advantages of the application more apparent. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this application are used to explain the application and do not constitute an undue limitation of the application.

[0027] Furthermore, throughout the accompanying drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements. It should be understood that the drawings are schematic, and the elements are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0028] In the attached diagram:

[0029] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram according to one embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the fixed bracket in the embodiment;

[0031] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The installation diagram of the mounting head in the embodiment is shown below;

[0032] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the mounting head in the embodiment;

[0033] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle;

[0034] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 The embodiment shows a schematic diagram of the planer blade installation.

[0035] Figure 7 yes Figure 1 The installation diagram of the first box and the second box in the embodiment is shown below;

[0036] Figure 8 yes Figure 1 The embodiment is shown in the cylinder installation diagram;

[0037] Figure 9 yes Figure 1 Cross-sectional structural diagrams of the first box and the second box in the embodiment;

[0038] Figure 10 yes Figure 1 The installation diagram of the piston cylinder in the embodiment is shown below;

[0039] Figure 11 yes Figure 10 A magnified view of a portion of point B in the middle;

[0040] Figure 12 yes Figure 1 The installation diagram of the cleaning comb in the embodiment is shown below.

[0041] Figure 13 yes Figure 1 The planing process of the planer in the embodiment is shown in the diagram.

[0042] Figure label:

[0043] 10. Planer; 11. Support table; 12. Ram; 13. Positioning stop; 14. Adjustment assembly; 15. Ring component; 16. Moving table; 17. Fixed stop; 18. Planer blade; 19. Mounting head; 20. Mounting slide; 21. Connecting rod; 22. Sliding plate; 23. Counterweight; 24. Connecting head; 25. Tool holder; 26. Hydraulic oil chamber; 27. Pressure relief valve; 28. Insertion plate; 29. ​​Spring; 30. Through hole; 31. Return channel; 32. Outflow channel 33. Rubber baffle; 34. Main flow channel; 35. Hydraulic tank; 36. First box; 37. Second box; 38. Upper slide plate; 39. Through groove; 40. Piston cylinder; 41. Piston rod; 42. Telescopic tube; 43. Liquid chamber; 44. Debris chamber; 45. Liquid outlet; 46. Extension tube; 47. Gear; 48. Rack; 49. Sprocket; 50. Chain; 51. Hook brush; 52. Cleaning comb; 53. Sleeve; 54. Cylinder; 55. First part; 56. Second part. Detailed Implementation

[0044] Embodiments of this disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While some embodiments of this disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that this disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of this disclosure. It should be understood that the accompanying drawings and embodiments of this disclosure are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0045] It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts relevant to the invention are shown in the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this disclosure can be combined with each other.

[0046] It should be noted that the concepts of "first" and "second" mentioned in this disclosure are used only to distinguish different devices, modules or units, and are not used to limit the order of functions performed by these devices, modules or units or their interdependencies.

[0047] It should be noted that the terms "a" and "a plurality of" used in this disclosure are illustrative rather than restrictive, and those skilled in the art should understand that, unless otherwise expressly indicated in the context, they should be understood as "one or more".

[0048] This disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0049] Reference Figures 1-13A planing device and method for machining tenons and grooves on annular parts are disclosed, comprising: a planer 10, a support table 11, an annular part 15, a movable table 16, a fixed stop 17, a slide ram 12, and a planer blade 18. The planer 10 and slide ram 12 are based on existing planers. A vertically adjustable support table 11 is provided at the front of the planer 10. The annular part 15 is placed on the support table 11, and the annular part 15 is adjusted to a suitable height by raising and lowering the support table 11. The movable table 16 is slidably mounted on the support table 11, and a positioning stop 13 and a fixed stop 17 directly opposite the positioning stop 13 are fixedly connected to the movable table 16. The sliding of the movable table 16 allows the annular part 15 to move closer to or away from the planer 10. The annular part 15 is fixed by clamping it between the positioning stop 13 and the fixed stop 17. The specific fixing method can be achieved by using bolts to fix the positioning stop 13 and the fixed stop 17, or by referring to existing workpiece fixing methods, which are mature existing technologies and will not be described in detail here. A slide block 12 is slidably mounted on the planer 10, and a planer blade 18 is mounted on the slide block 12. When the planer blade 18 planes the ring-shaped part 15, if the planing depth is too large, the planer blade 18 will be subjected to excessive force and is prone to damage and breakage.

[0050] Reference Figures 4-6 In one embodiment, an adjustment assembly 14 is provided between the planer blade 18 and the ram 12. The adjustment assembly 14 includes: a mounting head 19 mounted on the ram 12, the mounting head 19 being adjustable in height on the ram 12; a sliding mounting head 20 mounted on the mounting head 19; a connecting head 24 on the planer blade 18, the connecting head 24 slidingly engaging with the sliding mounting head 20; and a tool holder 25 slidably disposed on the mounting head 19, the tool holder 25 having a through hole for the planer blade 18 to pass through. When the planing depth is too large, causing excessive force on the planer blade 18, the upward movement of the sliding mounting head 20 drives the planer blade 18 upward, reducing the planing depth and preventing damage to the planer blade 18.

[0051] Specifically, the mounting head 19 has a hydraulic oil chamber 26, and one end of the tool holder 25 extends into the hydraulic oil chamber 26, which contains hydraulic oil. The mounting head 19 has an outflow channel 32 and a return channel 31 communicating with the hydraulic oil chamber 26. A pressure limiting valve 27 is installed at the connection between the outflow channel 32 and the hydraulic oil chamber 26. A hydraulic tank 35 is fixedly mounted on the mounting head 19, and a sliding plate 22 is slidably mounted inside the hydraulic tank 35. A connecting rod 21, one end of which is fixedly connected to the sliding plate 22 and connected to the mounting slide head 20, is fixedly connected to the sliding plate 22 within the hydraulic tank 35. The sliding plate 22 slides within the hydraulic tank 35, causing the mounting slide head 20 to move up and down. The mounting head 19 has a main flow channel 34 communicating with the return channel 31 and the outflow channel 32. One end of the main flow channel 34 extends to and communicates with the hydraulic tank 35. When the planer 18 is subjected to excessive force, the pressure in the hydraulic oil chamber 26 becomes too high due to the squeezing by the tool holder 25. The hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil chamber 26 is then discharged into the hydraulic tank 35 through the pressure relief valve 27, which drives the hydraulic tank 35 to move, thereby driving the mounting slide head 20 to move.

[0052] To prevent the planer 18 from moving during planing and affecting machining accuracy, an insertion plate 28 is installed on the mounting head 19, with one end inserted into the mounting head 19. The insertion plate 28 slides with the mounting head 19, and a through hole 30 is provided on the insertion plate 28. The portion of the insertion plate 28 inserted into the mounting head 19 can selectively isolate the return channel 31 from the outflow channel 32. The insertion plate 28 has a first position state, a second position state, and a third position state. When the insertion plate 28 is in the first position state, the through hole 30 is located in the return channel 31 and coincides with the return channel 31. At this time, the liquid flows back. Liquid flows through channel 31, and the insertion plate 28 blocks the outflow channel 32. When the insertion plate 28 is in the second position, it blocks the return channel 31, and the through hole 30 coincides with the outflow channel 32, allowing liquid to flow through the outflow channel 32. When the insertion plate 28 is in the third position, it simultaneously blocks the return channel 31 and the outflow channel 32. The insertion plate 28 has one end extending out of the mounting head 19, and a spring 29 is connected between the insertion plate 28 and the mounting head 19. When the spring 29 is relaxed, the insertion plate 28 is in the third position, and a counterweight 23 is fixedly mounted on the planer 18. When the planer reaches the appropriate planing depth, the planer 18 begins planing and moves with the slide 12. At this time, the insertion plate 28 moves from the second position to the third position. Both the return channel 31 and the outflow channel 32 are blocked, preventing the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic tank 35 from flowing out, thus ensuring that the height of the planer 18 does not change and guaranteeing the processing quality.

[0053] Reference Figures 7-9In another embodiment, a first box 36 is fixedly disposed on the front side of the planer 10, and a second box 37 is slidably mounted on the first box 36. Both the first box 36 and the second box 37 are located on the upper side of the annular member 15. The first box 36 has an end that fits against one side of the annular member 15, and the second box 37 also has an end that fits against the other side of the annular member 15. The first box 36 and the second box 37 clamp the annular member 15. The second box 37 has a sleeve 53 that slides on the first box 36, and the sleeve 53 abuts against the circumferential side of the annular member 15, so that the first box 36 and the second box 37 cooperate to partially cover the circumferential side of the annular member 15. A cylinder 54 is fixedly disposed on the first box 36, and one end of the piston rod of the cylinder 54 is fixedly connected to the second box 37. The first box 36 and the second box 37 shield and cover the planing area to prevent debris from flying.

[0054] The upper surface of the second box 37 has a through groove 39, one end of which passes through the through groove 39. An upper slide plate 38 is slidably disposed inside the second box 37. The upper slide plate 38 fits against the upper wall of the inner cavity and blocks the through groove 39. A sleeve for inserting the planer 18 is provided on the upper slide plate 38. One end of the upper slide plate 38 passes through one side of the first box 36, and the other end of the upper slide plate 38 passes through one side of the second box 37. When the planer 18 moves to plan, the upper slide plate 38 slides inside the second box 37.

[0055] The first box 36 has an inner cavity, and a partition is fixedly installed inside the first box 36, dividing the inner cavity into two parts. The first part is closer to the annular member 15, and the second part is farther away from the annular member 15. A piston cylinder 40 is fixedly installed in the first part, and a piston rod 41 with one end extending out of the first box 36 is slidably connected to the piston cylinder 40. One end of the upper slide plate 38 extends out of the first box 36 and is fixedly connected to the piston rod 41. Cutting fluid is provided in the second part. The piston cylinder 40 has a fluid outlet 45 in the second part, and an extension tube 46 extending to the bottom of the first part is connected to the piston cylinder 40. Both the extension tube 46 and the fluid outlet 45 are equipped with one-way valves, allowing the liquid in the piston cylinder 40 to flow unidirectionally into the second part through the fluid outlet 45, and the liquid from the first part to enter the piston cylinder 40 unidirectionally through the extension tube 46. During planing, the cutting fluid is discharged into the first part to cool the planer 18. At the same time, the cutting fluid is allowed to flow in the channel space formed by the first box 36 and the second box 37 covering the planing part, which improves the cooling effect. The flow of cutting fluid also washes away the debris in the groove.

[0056] The fixed baffle 17 has a liquid chamber 43 and a debris chamber 44. The liquid chamber 43 is located near the annular member 15, and the debris chamber 44 is located away from the annular member 15. A grid is provided at the upper opening of the liquid chamber 43. The grid is inclined so that debris falling on the grid slides into the debris chamber 44. A telescopic tube 42 is provided between the liquid chamber 43 and the first part 55. When debris falls onto the grid above the liquid chamber 43, it slides into the debris chamber 44, and the cutting fluid is collected in the liquid chamber 43. The telescopic tube 42 extends to the bottom of the liquid chamber 43 and extracts the liquid from the liquid chamber 43.

[0057] Reference Figures 10-13 Two side plates are fixedly connected to the upper slide plate 38. Two mounting shafts are provided between the two side plates. Sprockets 49 are fixedly connected to the two mounting shafts. The sprockets 49 on the two mounting shafts are connected by a chain 50. Multiple hook brushes 51 are fixedly installed on the chain 50. A rack 48 is fixedly installed inside the second box 37. A gear 47 is fixedly connected to one of the mounting shafts. The gear 47 meshes with the rack 48. When the upper slide plate 38 moves with the planer blade 18, the gear 47 meshes with the rack 48 to drive the transmission. A cleaning comb 52 is fixedly connected between the two side plates. The cleaning comb 52 cleans the debris on the hook brushes 51. The hook brushes 51 face the planer blade 18.

[0058] When the planer blade 18 performs planing motion, it drives the upper slide plate 38 to move, which in turn drives the sprocket 49 and chain 50 to move under the action of the rack 48 and gear 47. This causes the brush 51 to move, cleaning up the planing debris and preventing it from accumulating on one side of the planer blade 18 and affecting its cutting. At the same time, the cleaning comb 52 prevents debris from getting tangled on the brush 51. Rubber baffles 33 are fixedly connected to the upper slide plate 38 on both sides of the planer blade 18. The rubber baffles 33 are attached to the circumferential side of the annular part 15 and are in contact with the inner wall of the fixed baffle 17.

[0059] Work or installation process:

[0060] Initially, spring 29 is in a compressed state and insertion plate 28 is in the first position state;

[0061] S1. Adjust the support platform 11 to the lowest position, place the annular part 15 on the support platform 11, and position it between the positioning bracket 13 and the fixed bracket 17. Fix the fixed bracket 17 on the moving platform 16 to clamp and fix the annular part 15 in conjunction with the positioning bracket 13. By controlling the support platform 11 to move upward, the circumferential side of the annular part 15 is made to fit against the sleeve 53. By controlling the moving platform 16 to move, one side of the annular part 15 is made to fit against the end of the first box 36. Then, by starting the cylinder 54, the end of the second box 37 is made to fit against the side of the annular part 15. At this time, the planer 18 is located on one side of the annular part 15.

[0062] S2. Start the planer 10, causing the slide 12 to move, which in turn drives the planer 18 to move, so that the planer 18 contacts the side of the ring 15. At this time, the insertion plate 28 moves from the first position to the second position. When the slide 12 continues to move, the contact force between the planer 18 and the ring 15 increases. When the force is greater than the threshold, it means that the planing depth is too large. The pressure relief valve 27 discharges the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil chamber 26 through the outflow channel 32 to the main flow channel 34, and then into the hydraulic tank 35, causing the slide plate 22 to move. Through the connecting rod 21, the mounting slide head 20 moves upward, which in turn drives the planer 18 to move upward, reducing the planing depth. Since the hydraulic oil has a buffering effect, the planer 18 will not move excessively and detach from the ring 15 under impact.

[0063] S3. When the planing depth is appropriate, the planer 18 starts planing and moves with the slide 12. At this time, the insertion plate 28 moves from the second position to the third position. At this time, the return channel 31 and the outflow channel 32 are both isolated, and the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic tank 35 will not flow out, so that the height of the planer 18 does not change, thus ensuring the processing quality.

[0064] S4. When the planer 18 performs planing motion, it will drive the upper slide plate 38 to move, which in turn drives the sprocket 49 and chain 50 to move under the action of the rack 48 and gear 47, thereby causing the hook brush 51 to move to clean up the planing debris and prevent the debris from accumulating on one side of the planer 18 and affecting the cutting of the planer 18. At the same time, the cleaning comb 52 prevents the debris from getting tangled on the hook brush 51.

[0065] S5. When the upper slide plate 38 moves, it will drive the piston rod 41 to move, thereby discharging the cutting fluid in the piston cylinder 40 through the outlet 45 to the first part, cooling the planer 18 while flushing the remaining chips into the fixed baffle 17. The chips fall onto the grid above the liquid chamber 43 and slide into the chip chamber 44, and the cutting fluid is recycled in the liquid chamber 43.

[0066] S6. After the planer 18 completes one planing operation, the slide ram 12 drives the planer 18 to reset. When the planer 18 moves, it drives the upper slide plate 38 to move, causing the piston rod 41 to move and creating a negative pressure in the piston cylinder 40. The cutting fluid in the second part is drawn into the piston cylinder 40 through the extension tube 46. At the same time, the cutting fluid in the liquid chamber 43 returns to the second part of the first box 36 under the action of air pressure through the telescopic tube 42. The planer 18 returns to the initial state, so that the insertion plate 28 abuts against one side of the planer 10 and returns to the first position. At this time, the planer 18 drives the sliding plate 22 to move under the gravity of the counterweight 23, and the hydraulic oil in the sliding plate 22 flows back to the hydraulic oil chamber 26 through the return channel 31.

[0067] Repeat the above steps multiple times for planing until the mortise and tenon are completed.

[0068] The above description is merely a selection of preferred embodiments of this disclosure and an explanation of the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the invention involved in the embodiments of this disclosure is not limited to technical solutions formed by specific combinations of the above-described technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by arbitrary combinations of the above-described technical features or their equivalents without departing from the above-described inventive concept. For example, technical solutions formed by substituting the above-described features with (but not limited to) technical features with similar functions disclosed in the embodiments of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A planing device for mortise and tenon joints and its method of use, characterized in that: The planer includes a planer (10), which has a vertically adjustable support platform (11) on its front side. An annular component (15) is placed on the support platform (11), and a movable platform (16) is slidably mounted on the support platform (11). A positioning stop (13) and a fixed stop (17) opposite to the positioning stop (13) are fixedly connected to the movable platform (16). The annular component (15) is fixed by clamping it between the positioning stop (13) and the fixed stop (17). A slide block (12) is slidably mounted on the planer (10), and a planer blade (18) is mounted on the slide block (12). An adjustment assembly (14) is provided between the blade (18) and the slide (12). The adjustment assembly (14) includes: a mounting head (19) mounted on the slide (12), the mounting head (19) being adjustable in vertical position on the slide (12), a mounting slide head (20) that slides vertically mounted on the mounting head (19), the blade (18) having a connecting head (24), the connecting head (24) slidingly engaging with the mounting slide head (20), and a tool holder (25) slidably mounted on the mounting head (19), the tool holder (25) having a through hole for the blade (18) to pass through for mounting.

2. The annular tenon groove planing device and its method of use according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting head (19) has a hydraulic oil chamber (26) inside. One end of the tool holder (25) extends into the hydraulic oil chamber (26). The mounting head (19) is provided with an outflow channel (32) and a return channel (31) communicating with the hydraulic oil chamber (26). A pressure limiting valve (27) is provided at the connection between the outflow channel (32) and the hydraulic oil chamber (26). A hydraulic tank (35) is fixedly mounted on the mounting head (19). A sliding plate (22) is slidably mounted inside the hydraulic tank (35). One end of the sliding plate (22) is fixedly connected to the mounting slide head (25). 0) The connecting rod (21) is connected and slides in the hydraulic tank (35) through the sliding plate (22), causing the mounting slide head (20) to move up and down. The mounting head (19) has a main flow channel (34) that communicates with the return channel (31) and the outflow channel (32). One end of the main flow channel (34) extends to the hydraulic tank (35) and communicates with the hydraulic tank (35). An insertion plate (28) is installed on the mounting head (19) and is inserted into the mounting head (19). The insertion plate (28) slides in cooperation with the mounting head (19). The upper part has a through hole (30). The portion of the insertion plate (28) inserted into the mounting head (19) can selectively separate the return channel (31) from the outflow channel (32). The insertion plate (28) has a first position state, a second position state, and a third position state. When the insertion plate (28) is in the first position state, the through hole (30) is located in the return channel (31) and coincides with the return channel (31). At this time, the liquid flows in the return channel (31), and the insertion plate (28) separates the outflow channel (32). When the insertion plate (28) is in the second position state, the insertion plate (30) is in the second position state. 28) The return channel (31) is isolated, and the through hole (30) coincides with the outflow channel (32). At this time, the liquid flows in the outflow channel (32). When the insertion plate (28) is in the third position, the return channel (31) and the outflow channel (32) are isolated at the same time. The insertion plate (28) has one end that extends out of the mounting head (19). A spring (29) is connected between the insertion plate (28) and the mounting head (19). When the spring (29) is in the relaxed state, the insertion plate (28) is in the third position. A counterweight (23) is fixedly installed on the planer (18).

3. The annular tenon groove planing device and its method of use according to claim 2, characterized in that: The planer (10) is fixedly provided with a first box (36) on the front side, and a second box (37) is slidably installed on the first box (36). The first box (36) and the second box (37) are both located on the upper side of the annular part (15). The first box (36) has an end that fits into one side of the annular part (15), and the second box (37) also has an end that fits into the other side of the annular part (15). The first box (36) and the second box (37) clamp the annular part (15). The second box (37) has a sleeve (53) that slides on the first box (36). The sleeve (53) abuts against the circumferential side of the annular part (15), so that the first box (36) and the second box (37) cooperate to cover part of the circumferential side of the annular part (15). A cylinder (54) is fixedly provided on the first box (36), and one end of the piston rod of the cylinder (54) is fixedly connected to the second box (37).

4. The annular tenon groove planing device and its method of use according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second box (37) has a through groove (39) on its upper surface. One end of the planer (18) passes through the through groove (39). An upper slide plate (38) is slidably disposed inside the second box (37). The upper slide plate (38) fits against the upper wall of the inner cavity and blocks the through groove (39). A sleeve for inserting the planer (18) is provided on the upper slide plate (38). One end of the upper slide plate (38) protrudes from one side of the first box (36), and the other end of the upper slide plate (38) protrudes from one side of the second box (37). When the planer (18) moves to plan, the upper slide plate (38) slides inside the second box (37).

5. The annular tenon groove planing device and its method of use according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first box (36) has an inner cavity. A partition is fixedly installed inside the first box (36) to divide the inner cavity of the first box (36) into two parts. The first part is close to the annular part (15), and the second part is away from the annular part (15). A piston cylinder (40) is fixedly installed inside the first part. The piston cylinder (40) is slidably connected to a piston rod (41) with one end extending out of the first box (36). The upper slide plate (38) is fixedly connected to the piston rod (41) with one end extending out of the first box (36).

6. The annular tenon groove planing device and its method of use according to claim 5, characterized in that: The piston cylinder (40) has a liquid outlet (45) in the second part. The piston cylinder (40) is connected to an extension tube (46) that extends to the bottom end of the first part. Both the extension tube (46) and the liquid outlet (45) are provided with one-way valves, so that the liquid in the piston cylinder (40) flows into the second part through the liquid outlet (45) in one direction, and the liquid enters the piston cylinder (40) from the first part through the extension tube (46) in one direction.

7. The annular tenon groove planing device and its method of use according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fixed baffle (17) has a liquid chamber (43) and a debris chamber (44). The liquid chamber (43) is located on the side close to the annular part (15), and the debris chamber (44) is located on the side away from the annular part (15). A grid is provided at the upper opening of the liquid chamber (43). The grid is inclined so that the debris falling on the grid slides into the debris chamber (44). A telescopic tube (42) is provided between the liquid chamber (43) and the first part (55).

8. The annular tenon groove planing device and its method of use according to claim 7, characterized in that: Two side plates are fixedly connected to the upper slide plate (38), and two mounting shafts are provided between the two side plates. Sprockets (49) are fixedly connected to the two mounting shafts. The sprockets (49) on the two mounting shafts are connected by a chain (50). Multiple hook brushes (51) are fixedly provided on the chain (50). A rack (48) is fixedly provided inside the second box (37). A gear (47) is fixedly connected to one of the mounting shafts. The gear (47) meshes with the rack (48). When the upper slide plate (38) moves with the planer (18), the gear (47) meshes with the rack (48) for transmission. A cleaning comb (52) is fixedly connected between the two side plates. The cleaning comb (52) cleans the debris on the hook brushes (51). The hook brushes (51) face the planer (18).

9. The annular tenon planing device and its method of use according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper slide plate (38) is fixedly connected to rubber baffles (33) located on both sides of the planer (18). The rubber baffles (33) are attached to the circumferential side of the annular part (15) and are attached to the inner wall of the fixed baffle (17).

10. A method of using a planing device for mortise and tenon joints of an annular component, comprising the planing device for mortise and tenon joints of any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Adjust the support platform (11) to the lowest position, place the ring part (15) on the support platform (11) and between the positioning bracket (13) and the fixed bracket (17), fix the fixed bracket (17) on the moving platform (16) and cooperate with the positioning bracket (13) to clamp and fix the ring part (15). By controlling the support platform (11) to move upward, the circumferential side of the ring part (15) is made to fit against the sleeve (53). By controlling the moving platform (16) to move, one side of the ring part (15) is made to fit against the end of the first box (36). Then, by starting the cylinder (54), the end of the second box (37) is made to fit against the side of the ring part (15). At this time, the planer (18) is located on one side of the ring part (15). S2. Start the planer (10), causing the ram (12) to move, which in turn drives the planer (18) to move, so that the planer (18) contacts the side of the ring (15). At this time, the insert plate (28) moves from the first position to the second position under the action of the spring (29). When the ram (12) continues to move, the contact force between the planer (18) and the ring (15) increases. When the force is greater than the threshold, it indicates that the planing depth is too large. At this time, the squeezing force of the tool holder (25) on the hydraulic oil chamber (26) is too large. This causes the pressure in the hydraulic oil chamber (26) to reach the threshold. The pressure relief valve (27) discharges the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil chamber (26) through the outflow channel (32) to the main flow channel (34), and then into the hydraulic tank (35), causing the sliding plate (22) to move. Through the connecting rod (21), the mounting slide head (20) moves upward, which in turn drives the planer (18) to move upward, reducing the planing depth. Since the hydraulic oil has a buffering effect, it will not cause the planer (18) to move excessively and detach from the ring part (15) under impact. S3. When the planing depth is appropriate, the planer (18) starts planing and moves with the slide (12). At this time, the insert plate (28) moves from the second position to the third position. At this time, the return channel (31) and the outflow channel (32) are separated, and the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic tank (35) will not flow out, so that the height of the planer (18) does not change, thus ensuring the processing quality. S4. When the planer (18) performs planing motion, it will drive the upper slide (38) to move, and then drive the sprocket (49) and chain (50) to move under the action of the rack (48) and gear (47), which in turn causes the hook brush (51) to move, clean up the planing debris, and prevent the debris from accumulating on one side of the planer (18) and affecting the cutting of the planer (18). At the same time, the cleaning comb (52) prevents the debris from getting tangled on the hook brush (51). S5. When the upper slide (38) moves, it will drive the piston rod (41) to move, thereby discharging the cutting fluid in the piston cylinder (40) through the outlet (45) to the first part, cooling the planer (18) and flushing the remaining debris into the fixed baffle (17). The debris falls onto the grid above the liquid chamber (43) and slides into the debris chamber (44), and the cutting fluid is recycled in the liquid chamber (43). S6. After the planer (18) finishes planing once, the slide (12) drives the planer (18) to reset. When the planer (18) moves, it drives the upper slide (38) to move, causing the piston rod (41) to move and creating a negative pressure in the piston cylinder (40). The cutting fluid in the second part is drawn into the piston cylinder (40) through the extension tube (46). At the same time, the cutting fluid in the liquid chamber (43) returns to the second part of the first box (36) under the action of air pressure through the telescopic tube (42). The planer (18) returns to the initial state, causing the insertion plate (28) to abut against the side of the planer (10) and return to the first position. At this time, the planer (18) drives the sliding plate (22) to move under the gravity of the counterweight (23), and the hydraulic oil in the sliding plate (22) flows back to the hydraulic oil chamber (26) through the return channel (31).

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