Quick positioning and fastening mechanism and assembling and disassembling method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a quick positioning and fastening mechanism and an assembling and disassembling method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of structural part positioning and fastening technologies. The invention discloses a quick positioning and fastening mechanism and an assembling and disassembling method thereof. The quick positioning and fastening mechanism comprises a base body, a chuck, a supporting shaft, a pressing handle, an end cover and a spring. The clamping head, the spring and the pressing handle are assembled in the base body, the base body and the supporting shaft are installed in a matched mode, the end cover is assembled on the base body, the spring is arranged on the outer side of the clamping head in a sleeving mode, the pressing handle is in contact fit with the end face of the clamping head and used for achieving positioning and fastening of a multi-layer structural part, and the surface of the clamping head is sleeved with the first structural part and the second structural part. The first structural member and the second structural member are coaxially matched; the invention aims to solve the problems that a quick positioning fastener in the prior art is insufficient in structure simplification, processing difficulty, cost control and service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of structural component positioning and fastening technology, and in particular to a quick positioning and fastening mechanism and its assembly and disassembly method. Background Technology

[0002] In the assembly process of multi-layer structural components in the aviation and aerospace industry, it is necessary to first accurately position and fasten the multi-layer structural components before carrying out subsequent drilling operations and assembly operations for holes of different specifications. Therefore, the performance of the positioning and fastening mechanism directly affects the assembly accuracy, processing efficiency and overall product quality of multi-layer structural components, and is a key basic component in the assembly process of multi-layer structural components.

[0003] In the prior art, there are already relevant technical solutions disclosed for the positioning and fastening requirements of multi-layer structural components. For example, Chinese invention patent with document authorization announcement number CN205043662U discloses a new type of quick-release positioning fastener for positioning and fastening structural components. To address the shortcomings of this quick-release positioning fastener;

[0004] However, practical application has revealed that its structure is highly complex, with too many mating parts and interference fits between parts in many places, forming a multi-layered assembly structure. This structural design not only increases the difficulty of assembly, but also requires the transmission of force through multiple parts, resulting in high energy loss. Furthermore, wear or deviation of any mating part will affect the positioning and fastening accuracy of the overall mechanism. At the same time, there is still room for further simplification of this structure to reduce assembly and maintenance costs.

[0005] Existing quick-positioning fasteners are insufficient in terms of structural simplification, processing difficulty, cost control, and service life, making them difficult to fully meet the actual needs of positioning and fastening multi-layer structural components in the aerospace industry. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a quick-positioning fastening mechanism that is simple in structure, easy to process, low in cost, and can guarantee positioning accuracy and service life to make up for the deficiencies of existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing quick-positioning fasteners in terms of structural simplification, processing difficulty, cost control, and service life, and to propose a quick-positioning fastening mechanism and its assembly / disassembly method.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A quick positioning and fastening mechanism includes a base, a chuck, a support shaft, a handle, an end cap, and a spring. The chuck, spring, and handle are assembled inside the base. The base is adapted to the support shaft. The end cap is assembled on the base. The spring is sleeved on the outside of the chuck. The handle contacts and engages with the end face of the chuck to achieve positioning and fastening of multi-layer structural components. A first structural component and a second structural component are fitted on the surface of the chuck. The first structural component and the second structural component are coaxially engaged.

[0009] A method for assembling and disassembling a quick positioning and fastening mechanism, characterized by the following steps: Step 1: Stack the first structural component and the second structural component to be assembled, and adjust their positions to align the centers of the holes in the two structural components to ensure that the holes are coaxial;

[0010] Step 2: Clamp the annular boss of the base with aviation positioning pin clamps, apply pressure in the direction of the handle, push the chuck to move along the axis of the base, compress the spring to the maximum stroke, and the head of the chuck elastically closes.

[0011] Step 3: Insert the closed chuck head into the hole of the first structural component until the boss of the chuck support section completely passes through the hole of the second structural component.

[0012] Step 4: Slowly release the pressing force of the aviation positioning pin clamp, the spring gradually extends, the chuck moves in the opposite direction and opens elastically, and the head boss locks into the hole of the second structural component.

[0013] Step 5: Disengage the aviation positioning pin clamp. The first and second structural components are clamped together by the chuck boss and the base annular boss, completing the positioning and fastening process.

[0014] Preferably, the base has an internal stepped hole structure. The large-diameter hole space of the base is used to place the chuck, spring and handle, and the small-diameter hole space of the base is used to install the support shaft and allow the chuck to pass through. The small-diameter hole of the base has four elongated grooves evenly distributed around its circumference. The outer cylindrical surface of the base is provided with an annular boss, which is the clamping surface of the aviation positioning pin clamp.

[0015] Preferably, the support shaft includes a connecting section and a support section. The connecting section of the support shaft has four long keys evenly distributed around its circumference. The long keys are adapted to be installed in the long grooves of the small-diameter holes in the base. The end face of the support section of the support shaft is spherical.

[0016] Preferably, the material of the chuck is 0Cr17Ni7Al, and the chuck has a hollow structure. The chuck includes a support section and a connecting section. The outer diameter of the support section is adapted to the diameter of the hole in the connected structural component. The support section has four evenly distributed elongated slots on its circumference, which divide the support section into four segments. The width of the elongated slots is adapted to the width of the long key of the support shaft. The head of the support section can be narrowed, and the diameter after narrowing is smaller than the diameter of the hole in the connected structural component. When opened, the head boss can hold the connected structural component. The outer surface of the support section is used to place the spring and matches the inner diameter of the spring. The outer surface of the connecting section fits into the inner hole of the base, and the end face of the connecting section contacts the handle.

[0017] Preferably, the spring is in a state of minimum compression when installed; when the positioning and fastening mechanism needs to be disengaged from the connected structural component, the spring is in a state of maximum compression, at which time the extension length of the clamp is greater than the length of the support shaft.

[0018] Preferably, the end cap has a small diameter and a large diameter. The small diameter of the end cap is for the chuck to pass through after it is closed. The large diameter of the end cap is interference-fitted with the recessed part of the outer circle of the base to prevent the support shaft from sliding off the base.

[0019] Preferably, in step one, the aircraft positioning pin clamp is used to clamp the annular boss of the base, and pressure is applied in the direction of the handle to compress the spring to its maximum stroke, and the head of the clamp closes again; the base is pulled along the axial direction of the hole in the structural component, so that the head of the clamp exits from the hole in the second structural component and then the hole in the first structural component in sequence; the pressing force of the aircraft positioning pin clamp is released, the spring returns to its initial compressed state, and the mechanism is completely separated from the first and second structural components, thus completing the disassembly.

[0020] Preferably, in step two, the diameter of the collet after it is closed is smaller than the diameter of the holes in the first and second structural components, and in step four, when the spring is stretched to the initial compressed state, the pressure on the contact surface between the collet head boss and the hole of the structural component is uniform.

[0021] Preferably, in step one, when the spring is compressed to its maximum stroke, the length of the chuck extending out of the base is greater than the length of the support shaft, ensuring that the chuck is completely freed from the constraint of the support shaft.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a quick positioning and fastening mechanism and its assembly and disassembly method, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. Structurally, this device significantly simplifies the mechanism, reducing assembly difficulty and cost. This invention comprises only six core components: a base, a chuck, a support shaft, a handle, an end cap, and a spring. Compared to existing technologies with their numerous mating parts and layered connections, the number of components is significantly reduced, and the mating relationships between components are simple (e.g., the keyway fit between the base and the support shaft, and the sleeve fit between the chuck and the spring), eliminating the need for complex multi-stage interference fits. This simplifies the assembly process, reduces the requirements for assembly tools, and improves assembly efficiency. Furthermore, it reduces force transmission losses caused by multiple component connections, avoids the impact of single-component deviations on overall accuracy, and reduces processing and procurement costs, making it more suitable for mass production applications.

[0024] 2. This device adopts a design with four long keys and long grooves evenly distributed around the circumference of the support shaft and the base. The overall structure of the support shaft is short and thick, with stronger rigidity, and is not prone to deformation during use. Moreover, the keyway fit structure has a mature processing technology, eliminating the need for complex internal hexagonal or other special structures, effectively reducing processing difficulty and cost. At the same time, it avoids the problem of reduced positioning accuracy caused by insufficient rigidity of slender shafts, significantly extending the overall service life of the mechanism. In addition, the end face of the support section of the support shaft is designed as a spherical surface, which can not only prevent scratches or collisions to the connected structural components and chucks, but also make the chucks move, open and close more smoothly, further reducing chuck wear and extending the service life of the chucks. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a quick positioning and fastening mechanism and its assembly / disassembly method according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This invention relates to a quick positioning and fastening mechanism and its assembly / disassembly method. Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-section at point AA;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the clamp extension structure of a quick positioning and fastening mechanism and its assembly / disassembly method according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the clamp structure of a quick positioning and fastening mechanism and its assembly / disassembly method according to the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the first structural component assembly structure of the quick positioning and fastening mechanism and its assembly and disassembly method according to the present invention.

[0030] In the picture:

[0031] 1. Base; 2. Chuck; 3. Support shaft; 4. Handle; 5. End cap; 6. Spring; 7. First structural component; 8. Second structural component; Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0033] Example 1: Refer to Figure 1-5 A quick positioning and fastening mechanism and its assembly / disassembly method are disclosed, comprising a base 1, a clamp 2, a support shaft 3, a handle 4, an end cap 5, and a spring 6; the clamp 2, the spring 6, and the handle 4 are assembled inside the base 1; the base 1 is adapted to the support shaft 3; the end cap 5 is assembled on the base 1; the spring 6 is sleeved on the outside of the clamp 2; and the handle 4 contacts and engages with the end face of the clamp 2, for positioning and fastening of multi-layer structural components.

[0034] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 As shown, the base 1 is made of 45# steel and has an overall internal stepped hole structure. The large-diameter hole has a diameter of 22mm and a depth of 50mm, which is used to accommodate the connecting section of the chuck 2, the spring 6, and the handle 4. The small-diameter hole has a diameter of 18mm and a depth of 40mm, which is used to install the support shaft 3 and to allow the support section of the chuck 2 to pass through. There are four elongated grooves evenly distributed around the small-diameter hole. The width of the elongated grooves is 8mm and the depth is 3mm, which are adapted to the long key of the support shaft 3. The outer cylindrical surface of the base 1 is provided with an annular boss in the middle. The boss has a thickness of 15mm and an outer diameter of 30mm. This boss is a special clamping surface for aviation positioning pin clamps to ensure stability during clamping.

[0035] Insert spring 6 into one end of the support section of chuck 2, so that one end of spring 6 fits against the stepped surface between the support section and the connecting section of chuck 2, completing the pre-assembly of chuck 2 and spring 6. Insert chuck 2 with spring 6 pre-installed into one end of the large-diameter hole of base 1, and slowly push chuck 2 so that the support section of chuck 2 passes through the small-diameter hole of base 1 until the head of the support section of chuck 2 extends 10mm beyond the end face of base 1. At this time, spring 6 is in its minimum compressed state with a length of 40mm and fits against the end face of the stepped hole of base 1. Align the connecting section of support shaft 3 with the four open long slots of chuck 2, and slowly push it into the small-diameter hole of base 1 along the direction of the open long slots until the long key of support shaft 3 is completely embedded in the long slot of base 1. At this time, the spherical end of the support section of support shaft 3... Fitting the inner wall of the hollow structure of the chuck 2, insert the handle 4 from the other end of the large-diameter hole of the base 1, so that one end of the handle 4 is in close contact with the end face of the connecting section of the chuck 2. Then, use a stamping device to bend and close the end face of the large-diameter hole of the base 1, so that the diameter of the hole after closing is ≤21mm, restricting the axial displacement of the handle 4 and ensuring that the handle 4 does not slip out. Use an aviation positioning pin clamp to hold the annular boss of the base 1 and apply pressure in the direction of the handle 4, so that the spring 6 is compressed to a length of 30mm, and the diameter of the head of the chuck 2 is ≤18mm. Insert the end cap 5 from the head of the chuck 2, so that the large diameter of the end cap 5 is aligned with the concave part of the outer circle of the base 1. Use a punch press to press the end cap 5 onto the base 1, completing the interference fit between the end cap 5 and the base 1. At this point, the assembly of the entire mechanism is completed.

[0036] Example 2: Refer to him- Figure 5 Stack the first structural component 7 and the second structural component 8 to be assembled, and adjust their positions so that the center of the hole in the first structural component 7 is aligned with the center of the hole in the second structural component 8, ensuring that the two holes are coaxial. Clamp the annular boss of the base 1 with aviation positioning pin clamps, and apply continuous pressure towards the handle 4 to push the handle 4 and drive the chuck 2 to move axially along the base 1, so that the spring 6 is compressed to the maximum stroke length of 25mm. At this time, the head of the chuck 2 elastically closes to a diameter ≤18mm under the constraint of the spherical end of the support shaft 3. Insert the closed head of the chuck 2 into one end of the hole in the first structural component 7 until the chuck... The boss of the support section 2 completely passes through the hole of the second structural component 8; the pressing force of the aviation positioning pin clamp is slowly released, and the spring 6 gradually stretches back to its length of 40mm under the action of elastic force. The chuck 2 moves in the opposite direction as the spring 6 stretches, and the head elastically opens after being freed from the constraint of the spherical end of the support shaft 3. The head boss is stuck around the hole of the second structural component 8; the aviation positioning pin clamp is withdrawn. At this time, the first structural component 7 and the second structural component 8 are clamped together by the boss of the chuck 2 and the annular boss of the base 1 to achieve positioning and fastening. The subsequent drilling and assembly operations of the first structural component 7 and the second structural component 8 can begin.

[0037] Disassembly operation; After the drilling and assembly of the first structural component 7 and the second structural component 8 are completed, use aviation positioning pin pliers to re-clamp the annular boss of the base 1, apply pressure in the direction of the handle 4, so that the spring 6 is compressed to the maximum stroke again, and the head of the chuck 2 is closed again.

[0038] Withdrawal mechanism: Pull the base 1 along the axial direction of the hole in the structural component, so that the head of the chuck 2 withdraws sequentially from the hole in the second structural component 8 and the hole in the first structural component 7;

[0039] Disassembly complete: Release the pressure of the aviation positioning pin clamp, and the spring 6 returns to its initial compressed state of 40mm, completely separating the mechanism from the first structural component 7 and the second structural component 8, thus completing the disassembly.

[0040] Reference Figure 1-2 The base 1 has an internal stepped hole structure. The large-diameter hole space of the base 1 is used to place the chuck 2, spring 6, and handle 4, while the small-diameter hole space of the base 1 is used to install the support shaft 3 and allows the chuck 2 to pass through. The small-diameter hole of the base 1 has four elongated grooves evenly distributed around its circumference. The outer cylindrical surface of the base 1 is provided with an annular boss, which is the clamping surface of the aviation positioning pin clamp. The internal stepped hole structure enables the partitioned accommodation of the chuck 2, spring 6, handle 4, and support shaft 3. The components are neatly arranged, avoiding mutual interference and simplifying the assembly process. The four elongated grooves of the small-diameter hole can be precisely matched with the long key of the support shaft 3, ensuring that the support shaft 3 is circumferentially fixed inside the base 1 and preventing the support shaft 3 from rotating and causing positioning deviation.

[0041] Reference Figure 1-3 The support shaft 3 includes a connecting section and a supporting section. The connecting section of the support shaft 3 has four long keys evenly distributed around its circumference. The long keys are adapted to be installed in the long groove of the small-diameter hole of the base body 1. The end face of the supporting section of the support shaft 3 is spherical. This can avoid scratches or bumps when in contact with the inner wall of the chuck 2 and the connected structural parts, thus protecting the surface precision of the parts. At the same time, the spherical surface can reduce the frictional resistance when the chuck 2 moves, making the opening and closing action of the chuck 2 smoother, reducing the wear of the chuck 2, and extending the service life of the chuck 2.

[0042] Reference Figure 1-3The chuck 2 is made of 0Cr17Ni7Al and has a hollow structure. The chuck 2 includes a support section and a connecting section. The outer diameter of the support section matches the diameter of the connected structural component. The support section has four evenly distributed elongated slots on its circumference, dividing it into four segments. The width of each slot matches the width of the long key of the support shaft 3. The head of the support section can be narrowed, with a diameter smaller than the diameter of the connected structural component. When open, the head boss can hold the connected structural component. The outer surface of the support section is used to place the spring 6 and mates with its inner diameter. The outer surface of the connecting section mates with the inner hole of the base 1, and the end face of the connecting section contacts the handle 4. 0Cr17Ni7Al is used. The material combines good strength and elasticity, which can meet the needs of repeated opening and closing of the chuck 2, avoid deformation after long-term use, and ensure reliable fastening. The outer circle of the support section matches the inner diameter of the spring 6, and the outer circle of the connecting section matches the inner hole of the base 1, ensuring accurate axial positioning of the chuck 2 without deviation when it moves. The size design of the head closing and opening meets the core requirements of "smooth insertion" and "reliable locking" respectively, ensuring the positioning and fastening effect.

[0043] Reference Figure 1-5 The spring 6 is in its minimum compression state when installed; when the positioning and fastening mechanism needs to be removed from the connected structural component, the spring 6 is in its maximum compression state, at which time the extension length of the chuck 2 is greater than the length of the support shaft 3; when removing, the maximum compression state causes the extension length of the chuck 2 to exceed the support shaft 3, and the chuck 2 is completely freed from the support constraint of the support shaft 3, which can fully close (the closing diameter is smaller than the hole diameter of the structural component), avoiding jamming when removing due to the chuck 2 not being fully closed, ensuring that the mechanism can be smoothly removed from the hole of the structural component, and improving the ease of disassembly.

[0044] Reference Figure 1-5 The end cap 5 has a small diameter and a large diameter. The small diameter of the end cap 5 allows the chuck 2 to pass through after it is closed. The large diameter of the end cap 5 is interference-fitted with the recessed part of the outer circle of the base 1 to prevent the support shaft 3 from sliding off the base 1. First, the small diameter of the end cap 5 is adapted to the size of the chuck 2 after it is closed, so as not to hinder the insertion and exit of the chuck 2 and ensure the normal use of the mechanism. Second, the interference-fitted part of the large diameter with the recessed part of the outer circle of the base 1 can firmly restrict the axial displacement of the support shaft 3, prevent the support shaft 3 from sliding off the base 1 during the use of the mechanism, avoid the decrease in positioning accuracy due to the loosening of the support shaft 3, and further improve the overall structural stability and reliability of the mechanism.

[0045] Working principle: Insert spring 6 into one end of the support section of chuck 2, ensuring one end of spring 6 fits against the stepped surface between the support section and the connecting section of chuck 2, completing the pre-assembly of chuck 2 and spring 6. Insert chuck 2 with spring 6 pre-installed into one end of the large-diameter hole in base 1. Slowly push chuck 2 so that the support section of chuck 2 passes through the small-diameter hole in base 1 until the head of the support section of chuck 2 extends 10mm beyond the end face of base 1. At this point, spring 6 is in its minimum compressed state (40mm length) and fits against the end face of the stepped hole in base 1. Align the connecting section of support shaft 3 with the four open slots of chuck 2 and slowly push it into the small-diameter hole of base 1 along the direction of the open slots until the long key of support shaft 3 is fully embedded in the long slot of base 1. At this point, the ball joint of the support section of support shaft 3... The face end fits against the inner wall of the hollow structure of the chuck 2. The handle 4 is inserted from the other end of the large-diameter hole of the base 1, so that one end of the handle 4 is in close contact with the end face of the connecting section of the chuck 2. Then, the end face of the large-diameter hole of the base 1 is bent and closed by a stamping device. After the closure, the hole diameter is ≤21mm, which restricts the axial displacement of the handle 4 and ensures that the handle 4 does not slip out. The annular boss of the base 1 is clamped with an aviation positioning pin clamp, and pressure is applied in the direction of the handle 4 to compress the spring 6 to a length of 30mm. The diameter of the head of the chuck 2 is ≤18mm. The end cap 5 is put into the head of the chuck 2, so that the large diameter of the end cap 5 is aligned with the concave part of the outer circle of the base 1. The end cap 5 is pressed onto the base 1 by a punch press, completing the interference connection between the end cap 5 and the base 1. At this point, the assembly of the entire mechanism is completed.

[0046] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0048] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A quick positioning and fastening mechanism, characterized in that, It includes a base (1), a chuck (2), a support shaft (3), a handle (4), an end cap (5), and a spring (6); the base (1) is equipped with the chuck (2), the spring (6), and the handle (4); the base (1) is adapted to the support shaft (3); the end cap (5) is mounted on the base (1); the spring (6) is sleeved on the outside of the chuck (2); the handle (4) is in contact with the end face of the chuck (2) to achieve positioning and fastening of multi-layer structural components; the surface of the chuck (2) is fitted with a first structural component (7) and a second structural component (8); the first structural component (7) and the second structural component (8) are coaxially engaged. A method for assembling and disassembling a quick-positioning fastening mechanism, characterized by comprising the following steps: Step 1: Stack the first structural component (7) and the second structural component (8) to be assembled, and adjust their positions to align the centers of the holes in the two structural components to ensure that the holes are coaxial; Step 2: Clamp the annular boss of the base (1) with aviation positioning pin clamps, apply pressure in the direction of the handle (4), push the chuck (2) to move along the axis of the base (1), so that the spring (6) is compressed to the maximum stroke and the head of the chuck (2) elastically closes. Step 3: Insert the head of the clamp (2) after closing into one end of the hole in the first structural member (7) until the boss of the support section of the clamp (2) completely passes through the hole in the second structural member (8); Step 4: Slowly release the pressing force of the aviation positioning pin clamp, the spring (6) gradually stretches, the chuck (2) moves in the opposite direction and opens elastically, and the head boss locks the hole of the second structural component (8); Step 5: Exit the aviation positioning pin clamp, the first structural component (7) and the second structural component (8) are clamped together by the chuck (2) boss and the annular boss of the base (1) to complete the positioning and fastening.

2. The quick positioning and fastening mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base (1) has an internal stepped hole structure. The large-diameter hole space of the base (1) is used to place the chuck (2), spring (6) and handle (4). The small-diameter hole space of the base (1) is used to install the support shaft (3) and allow the chuck (2) to pass through. The small-diameter hole of the base (1) has four long grooves evenly distributed around its circumference. The outer cylindrical surface of the base (1) is provided with an annular boss, which is the clamping surface of the aviation positioning pin clamp.

3. The quick positioning and fastening mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support shaft (3) includes a connecting section and a support section. The connecting section of the support shaft (3) has four long keys evenly distributed around its circumference. The long keys are adapted to the long grooves of the small-diameter holes in the base (1) for installation. The end face of the support section of the support shaft (3) is spherical.

4. The quick positioning and fastening mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material of the chuck (2) is 0Cr17Ni7Al, and the chuck (2) is a hollow structure. The chuck (2) includes a support section and a connecting section. The outer diameter of the support section of the chuck (2) is adapted to the diameter of the connected structural component. The support section of the chuck (2) has four open long slots evenly distributed around its circumference. The open long slots divide the support section of the chuck (2) into four segments, and the width of the open long slots is adapted to the width of the long key of the support shaft (3). The head of the support section of the chuck (2) can be closed. After closing, the diameter is smaller than the diameter of the connected structural component. When opened, the head boss can hold the connected structural component. The outer surface of the support section of the chuck (2) is used to place the spring (6) and matches the inner diameter of the spring (6). The outer surface of the connecting section of the chuck (2) matches the inner hole of the base (1) for installation. The end face of the connecting section of the chuck (2) contacts the handle (4).

5. A quick positioning and fastening mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that, The spring (6) is in the minimum compression state when installed; when the positioning and fastening mechanism needs to be removed from the connected structural component, the spring (6) is in the maximum compression state, at which time the extension length of the clamp (2) is greater than the length of the support shaft (3).

6. The quick positioning and fastening mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end cap (5) has a small diameter and a large diameter. The small diameter of the end cap (5) is for the chuck (2) to pass through after closing. The large diameter of the end cap (5) is interference-fitted with the recessed part of the outer circle of the base (1) to prevent the support shaft (3) from sliding off the base (1).

7. The method for assembling and disassembling a quick positioning and fastening mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step 1: Clamp the annular boss of the base (1) with aviation positioning pin clamps and apply pressure in the direction of the handle (4) to compress the spring (6) to the maximum stroke and close the head of the chuck (2) again; pull the base (1) along the axial direction of the hole of the structural component to make the head of the chuck (2) exit from the hole of the second structural component (8) and the hole of the first structural component (7) in sequence; release the pressing force of the aviation positioning pin clamps, the spring (6) returns to the initial compression state, and completely separate the mechanism from the first structural component (7) and the second structural component (8) to complete the disassembly.

8. The method for assembling and disassembling a quick positioning and fastening mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step two, the diameter of the collet (2) after closing is smaller than the hole diameter of the first structural component (7) and the second structural component (8). In step four, when the spring (6) is stretched to the initial compression state, the pressure of the mating surface between the head boss of the collet (2) and the hole of the structural component is uniform.

9. The method for assembling and disassembling a quick-positioning fastening mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step one, when the spring (6) is compressed to its maximum stroke, the length of the chuck (2) extending out of the base (1) is greater than the length of the support shaft (3), ensuring that the chuck (2) is completely free from the constraint of the support shaft (3).

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