Water and soil loss treatment method for soil slope in arid mining area

Abstract

The invention discloses a water and soil loss treatment method for a soil slope of an arid mining area. The method comprises the following steps that S1, decomposed cattle and sheep manure barnyard manure is spread on a loose sandy slope; s2, sowing seeds: selecting peripheral indigenous desert plant perennial herbs and shrub seeds to be mixed and sown according to the equal mass ratio; s3, the slope is covered with a vegetation blanket; s4, selecting peripheral local desert plant annual herbaceous and perennial herbaceous seeds to be mixed and sown on the surface of the vegetation blanket according to the equal mass ratio. Under the conditions of extremely low precipitation and barren soil, water and soil loss of the side slope is rapidly and remarkably controlled with the investment far lower than that of engineering measures, restoration of the ecological function of the side slope soil is synchronously started and accelerated, and finally a side slope ecological system is guided to succession towards a stable state with the self-maintaining capacity. The comprehensive technical effects of controllable treatment cost, lasting effect and ecological sustainability are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of soil and water conservation technology, and in particular to a method for controlling soil erosion on soil slopes in arid mining areas. Background Technology

[0002] In the hilly area at the foot of the Tianshan Mountains in Xinjiang, the altitude is mostly between 1000 and 2000 meters, and the annual precipitation is mostly between 100 and 200 mm. It is a typical desert steppe, and the zonal soils in this area are mainly brown calcareous soil and brown desert soil. After mining in this area, topsoil is covered on the spoil heaps for land reclamation, forming artificially reshaped terrain such as platforms and slopes. Among them, the slope terrain is severely affected by snowfall and summer precipitation, resulting in serious soil erosion. In severe cases, the slopes are washed away, leaving no topsoil cover and no way for vegetation to recover.

[0003] There are currently many researches and patents on soil erosion control for soil slopes. Regarding slope erosion control structures and methods, there is a patent application (application number 202411194867.5) disclosing a slope protection structure and method for reducing soil erosion in semi-humid areas. This method includes S1: slope leveling; S2: trenching; S3: laying; S4: anchoring vegetation mats; S5: constructing an interceptor body: setting several spaced ecological rods along the slope direction; the interceptor body divides the surface of the vegetation mat into several unit areas, changing the original flat slope surface into an undulating structure, then installing reinforcement components, covering with soil, and maintaining it. This method focuses on engineering construction for soil erosion control on mining slopes. It requires the use of vegetation mats combined with slope micro-topography modification and the use of ecological rods. Micro-topography modification of arid soil slopes is costly and difficult to implement. A patent application (application number 202411449251.8) describes an ecological restoration method for man-made disturbed slopes in arid Northwest China. This method includes a three-layer substrate structure with different proportions. From bottom to top, the three layers are a subbase, a middle base, and a top base. The subbase is constructed from materials including corn cob particles and wood fiber; the middle base is constructed from materials including wood fiber and plant seeds; and the top base is constructed from materials including wood fiber and adhesive. This method requires the use of a significant amount of industrial synthetic materials (wood fiber), which can be costly when applied on a large scale in arid desert mining areas. Publication No. CN109845444A discloses a hydroseeding substrate and its preparation method suitable for revegetating bare soil slopes in arid and semi-arid regions. Hydroseeding allows plants to quickly form dense above-ground parts and developed root systems on long-term arid and bare slopes, effectively revegetating the slopes, consolidating the soil, and preventing surface runoff and soil erosion. This method, through hydroseeding a substrate layer on the slope, can achieve good vegetation protection, but it requires a hydroseeding machine, suitable seeds, and soil. In arid mining areas lacking soil resources, the cost is high, and its operability is limited. Furthermore, the arid mining areas on the north and south slopes of the Tianshan Mountains, due to their drought (annual precipitation less than 250 mm), thin effective soil layer, and high topsoil gravel content, are highly susceptible to erosion of the soil slopes during the spring snowmelt and summer heavy rains. Therefore, no targeted and sustainable slope soil and water conservation method suitable for the specific site conditions of the arid mining areas on the northern slopes of the Tianshan Mountains has yet been found.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method to control soil erosion on soil slopes in arid mining areas. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a method for controlling soil erosion on soil slopes in arid mining areas. It solves the technical problems in the prior art for controlling severely eroded slopes in arid areas, such as high cost, complexity and difficulty in operation of engineering measures, slow effectiveness and easy failure of biological measures, and the difficulty of achieving rapid erosion control and long-term slope stabilization with a single measure.

[0006] This invention provides a method for controlling soil erosion on soil slopes in arid mining areas, comprising the following steps: S1: spreading well-rotted cow and sheep manure on loose sandy slopes; S2: sowing seeds, selecting seeds from a mixture of perennial herbaceous plants and shrubs native to the surrounding desert in equal mass ratios; S3: laying a vegetation mat on the slope; S4: selecting seeds from annual and perennial herbaceous plants native to the surrounding desert in equal mass ratios and sowing them on the surface of the vegetation mat.

[0007] In one possible implementation, in step S1, the spreading rate is 30 m3 / hm2. After the manure is spread, it is manually and evenly raked to ensure that the fertilizer is fully mixed with the topsoil.

[0008] In one possible implementation, in step S2, the sowing rate is 6 kg / mu. After the seeds are evenly sown, they are manually raked 1-2 times to a depth of less than 3 cm.

[0009] In one possible implementation, in step S3, the vegetation blanket is unfolded from the top of the slope to the bottom and fixed with U-shaped nails or wooden stakes to prevent the vegetation blanket from moving and to keep it close to the ground surface.

[0010] In one possible implementation, in step S4, the seeds and moist fine sand are mixed at a volume ratio of 1:5, and after being thoroughly mixed, the mixture is sown a second time on the surface of the laid vegetation mat.

[0011] In one possible implementation, in step S2, the native desert plants include perennial herbs such as Reed and Agropyron cristatum, and shrubs such as Nitraria tangutorum, Caragana korshinskii, and Haloxylon ammodendron.

[0012] In one possible implementation, in step S4, the native desert plants include annual herbs and perennial herbs, the annual herbs including halophytes and Suaeda salsa; the perennial herbs including Reed and Agropyron cristatum.

[0013] In one possible implementation, in step S2, the sowing period can only be selected as spring or autumn.

[0014] In one possible implementation, in step S4, after sowing, the seed soil on the surface of the vegetation mat is swept evenly with a broom so that it is evenly spread on the vegetation mat on the slope.

[0015] One or more technical solutions provided in this application have at least the following technical effects: This invention employs a biological combination approach centered on the stratified placement of native plant seeds, combined with the rapid improvement of soil by well-rotted manure and the immediate protection and siltation promotion by vegetation mats, constructing an intrinsically synergistic micro-circulation system of soil, vegetation, and water. The vegetation mats not only conserve moisture and prevent erosion but also crucially perform multiple functions, including intercepting runoff, promoting siltation, and shaping water-retaining micro-topography. The stratified sowing design, based on the ecological characteristics of seeds, with long-term anchoring of deep roots in the lower layer and rapid coverage by shallow roots in the upper layer, precisely adapts to the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of water in arid regions, ensuring the continuity of vegetation slope protection benefits over time and the complementarity of functions. This achieves rapid and significant control of slope soil erosion under conditions of extremely low precipitation and infertile soil, with an investment far lower than that of engineering measures, simultaneously initiating and accelerating the restoration of slope soil ecological functions, and ultimately guiding the slope ecosystem towards a stable state with self-sustaining capabilities. This results in a comprehensive technical effect of controllable treatment costs, lasting effects, and ecological sustainability. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present application or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1A schematic diagram of gullies formed by precipitation erosion on a soil slope, provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 The diagram shows the effect of using straw checkerboard treatment to control soil erosion on slopes, as provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 3 The diagram shows the effect of using straw checkerboard treatment to control soil erosion on slopes, as provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 4 The image shows the effect of vegetation blanket treatment on slope soil erosion control provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 5 The image shows the effect of vegetation blanket treatment on slope soil erosion control provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 6 The image shows the effect of direct seeding treatment on slope soil erosion provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 7 The image shows the effect of direct seeding treatment on slope soil erosion, as provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0019] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this application and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application. The terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Furthermore, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0020] This invention provides a method for controlling soil erosion on soil slopes in arid mining areas, such as... Figure 1-3As shown, the procedure includes the following steps: S1: Spread well-rotted cow and sheep manure on the loose sandy slope; S2: Sow seeds, selecting seeds from surrounding native desert plants, a mixture of perennial herbaceous and shrub seeds in equal mass ratio; S3: Lay a vegetation mat on the slope; S4: Select seeds from surrounding native desert plants, an annual herbaceous and perennial herbaceous seeds in equal mass ratio, and sow them on the surface of the vegetation mat.

[0021] For example, this invention, through the organic combination of steps S1 to S4, constructs a synergistic governance model integrating rapid substrate improvement, immediate engineering protection, and phased vegetation establishment. The vegetation mat laid in step S3 not only serves the traditional functions of covering and retaining moisture and preventing erosion, but its fibrous structure also effectively intercepts initial surface runoff, reducing its velocity and erosion energy, and promoting the deposition of sediment carried by water. This process creates numerous tiny sedimentation zones on the slope in situ, essentially modifying the slope's micro-topography and increasing surface roughness and water infiltration opportunities. The vegetation mat provides a stable germination substrate for seeds in the lower and upper layers. The heat-insulating and moisture-retaining microclimate created by its covering significantly improves seed germination rate and seedling survival rate, which is especially crucial for shrubs and perennial herb seeds that require stable temperature and humidity conditions to germinate.

[0022] This avoids direct splashing and stripping of the bare topsoil by raindrops and wind, protecting the applied organic matter and the initial soil structure.

[0023] For example, arid mining areas are regions with an average annual precipitation of 100-200 mm.

[0024] In the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 1-3 As shown, in step S1, the seeding rate is 30m³. 3 / hm 2 After the manure is spread, it is manually raked evenly to ensure that the fertilizer is thoroughly mixed with the topsoil.

[0025] For example, the well-rotted manure applied in step S1 is crucial for initiating the positive cycle of the entire system. It not only provides nutrients quickly, but more importantly, it improves soil structure, increases porosity, and enhances water retention. The improved soil, combined with the vegetation mat cover, greatly optimizes moisture conditions. These improved moisture conditions, in turn, promote the germination and establishment of various seeds in steps S2 and S4. The successfully established vegetation, through canopy interception, root consolidation, and litter return, further enhances soil infiltration, water retention, and fertility, forming a sustainable positive feedback loop of "soil fertility - water conservation - lush grass - more fertile soil."

[0026] In the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 1-3 As shown, in step S2, the sowing rate is 6 kg / mu. After the seeds are evenly sown, they are manually raked 1-2 times, with a rake depth of less than 3 cm.

[0027] In the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 1-3 As shown, in step S3, the vegetation blanket is unfolded from the top of the slope to the bottom and fixed with U-shaped nails or wooden stakes to prevent the vegetation blanket from moving and to keep it close to the ground surface.

[0028] In the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 1-3 As shown, in step S4, the seeds and moist fine sand are mixed at a volume ratio of 1:5, and after being thoroughly mixed, the mixture is sown a second time on the surface of the laid vegetation mat.

[0029] In the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 1-3 As shown, in step S2, native desert plants include perennial herbs such as Reed and Agropyron cristatum, and shrubs such as Siberian white thorn, Caragana korshinskii, and Haloxylon ammodendron.

[0030] For example, step S2 involves sowing large seeds of shrubs and perennial herbs in the soil. These species have deep taproots and highly lignified stems, designed to build an "ecological framework" that stabilizes slopes over the long term and resists deep erosion. They germinate slowly, but once established, they provide lasting soil and water conservation functions.

[0031] In the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 1-3 As shown, in step S4, native desert plants include annual herbs and perennial herbs. Annual herbs include Haloxylon ammodendron and Suaeda salsa; perennial herbs include Reedia spp. and Agropyron cristatum.

[0032] For example, in step S4, small seeds of annual herbs and some perennial herbs are mixed with fine sand and sown on the surface of the vegetation mat. These pioneer plants require little water to germinate, grow rapidly, and can efficiently utilize spring snowmelt or sporadic summer rainfall to quickly form a dense ground cover. Their well-developed fibrous shallow root systems can quickly network the top few centimeters of soil, providing immediate and effective protection against surface erosion, and creating a favorable microenvironment for the seedling growth of the underlying framework plants.

[0033] For example, this sowing strategy of "combining deep and shallow root systems" and "connecting long-term anchoring with short-term coverage" ensures that different plant functional groups can be successfully established after irregular rainfall events in arid areas, realizing the continuity of vegetation slope protection benefits in time series and the complementarity of ecological functions.

[0034] In the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 1-3 As shown, in step S2, the sowing period can only be selected in spring or autumn.

[0035] In the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 1-3 As shown, in step S4, after sowing, the seed soil on the surface of the vegetation mat is swept evenly with a broom so that it is evenly spread on the vegetation mat on the slope.

[0036] Example 1: This example provides a method for controlling soil erosion on soil slopes in arid mining areas. Specifically, it describes a slope in the 1-1 sub-project area of ​​a historically abandoned mine in the 12th Division of Xinjiang, dating back to early April 2023. The slope area is 0.5 mu (approximately 0.067 hectares), with latitude and longitude coordinates of 87.36928940 and 43.78412351, and an altitude of 1021 m. The method includes the following steps: S1: Grass grid layer on slope: Using manual labor, grass grid layer is rolled from the top to the bottom of the slope on a 30° slope. The grass grid material is the surrounding reed material. The grass grid is buried 15cm in the soil and 20cm above the ground. S2: Grass Seeding: After the grass squares are rolled out, grass seeds are manually sown within the squares. Perennial herb seeds include Reed and Agrocybe alatus, while shrub seeds include Siberian white thorn, Caragana korshinskii, and Haloxylon ammodendron. Annual herb seeds are halophytes. All seeds are mixed evenly in equal weight ratios, with a total sowing rate of 8 kg / mu. S3: Rake and compact: After sowing grass seeds, rake manually once, with a rake depth of less than 3cm, and then lightly compact with a shovel or similar tool.

[0037] Evaluation of effectiveness: A survey was conducted in July 2024 to assess the effectiveness of slope soil and water conservation measures. The results are as follows: Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown in the figure. The results indicate that after rolling 1m×1m grass squares and sowing seeds, this treatment method resulted in 0.78 gullies per m of slope after one year of treatment. 2 The vegetation coverage is only 3%.

[0038] The following is a survey form for slope soil and water conservation using a checkerboard grid system, as described in this embodiment:

[0039] Example 2: This example provides a method for controlling soil erosion on soil slopes in arid mining areas. Specifically, it describes a slope in the 1-1 sub-project area of ​​a historically abandoned mine in the 12th Division of Xinjiang, dating back to early April 2023. The slope area is 0.5 mu (approximately 0.067 hectares), with latitude and longitude coordinates of 87.36928940 and 43.78412351, and an altitude of 1021 m. The method includes the following steps: S1: Evenly spread well-rotted cow and sheep manure on a soil slope with a gradient of 30°, at a spreading rate of 30m³. 3 / hm 2 After the manure is spread, it is manually raked evenly to ensure that the fertilizer is thoroughly mixed with the topsoil. S2: Sow seeds. Select a mixture of perennial herbaceous and shrub seeds from the surrounding native desert plants in equal weight ratios, and sow at a rate of 6 kg / mu. After evenly sowing the seeds, manually rake them 1-2 times to a depth of less than 3 cm. Perennial herbaceous seeds include *Achnatherum splendens* and *Agropyron cristatum*, while shrub seeds include *Nitraria tangutorum*, *Caragana korshinskii*, and *Haloxylon ammodendron*. S3: Lay vegetation mats on the slope, spreading them from the top of the slope to the bottom, and fix them with U-shaped nails or wooden stakes to prevent the vegetation mats from moving and to keep them close to the ground surface. S4: Select native desert plants from the surrounding area, including annual and perennial herbaceous plants in equal weight ratios, and sow at a rate of 2 kg / mu. Mix the seeds with moist fine sand at a volume ratio of 1:5, and after thorough mixing, sow a second time on the surface of the vegetation mat. Use a broom to sweep the seed-soil mixture evenly across the surface of the mat, ensuring it is evenly spread across the slope. The perennial herbaceous seeds include *Achnatherum splendens* and *Agropyron cristatum*, while the annual herb is *Haloxylon ammodendron*.

[0040] Evaluation of effectiveness: A survey was conducted in July 2024 to assess the effectiveness of slope soil and water conservation measures. The results are as follows: Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the results indicate that after implementing steps S1-S4 in Example 2, this treatment measure resulted in only 0.1 gullies per m of slope after a one-year treatment period. 2 The gullies have an average depth of only 5cm and a vegetation coverage of 8%.

[0041] The following is a survey table on slope soil and water conservation using vegetation mats, as described in this embodiment:

[0042] Example 3: This example provides a method for controlling soil erosion on soil slopes in arid mining areas. Specifically, it describes a slope in the 1-1 sub-project area of ​​a historically abandoned mine in the 12th Division of Xinjiang, dating back to early April 2023. The slope area is 0.5 mu (approximately 0.067 hectares), with latitude and longitude coordinates of 87.36928940 and 43.78412351, and an altitude of 1021 m. The method includes the following steps: S1. Evenly spread well-rotted cow and sheep manure on a soil slope with a gradient of 30°, at a spreading rate of 30m³. 3 / hm 2 After the manure is spread, it is manually raked evenly to ensure that the fertilizer is thoroughly mixed with the topsoil. S2. Sow seeds. Select a mixture of perennial herbaceous and shrub seeds from the surrounding native desert plants in equal weight ratios, at a sowing rate of 8 kg / mu. After evenly sowing, manually rake the seeds 1-2 times to a depth of less than 3 cm. Perennial herbaceous seeds include *Achnatherum splendens* and *Agropyron cristatum*, while shrub seeds include *Nitraria tangutorum*, *Caragana korshinskii*, and *Haloxylon ammodendron*. Annual herbaceous seeds are halophytes.

[0043] Evaluation of effectiveness: A survey was conducted in July 2024 to assess the effectiveness of slope soil and water conservation measures. The results are as follows: Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the results indicate that after implementing steps S1-S2 in Example 3, this treatment measure resulted in 3.2 gullies per m of slope after a one-year treatment period. 2 The average depth of the gullies is 24cm, the vegetation coverage is 0%, and the slope surface is crisscrossed with gullies, almost in a state of destruction.

[0044] The following is a survey table on slope soil and water conservation using direct seeding treatment in this embodiment:

[0045] Overall effect evaluation: The difference between Example 1 and Example 2 is that Example 1 is a treatment measure for slope topography that involves fixing grass squares and sowing seeds for restoration, while Example 2 is a treatment measure for slope topography that involves covering with vegetation mats and sowing seeds for restoration.

[0046] The difference between Example 3 and Example 2 is that Example 3 only implemented seed sowing management measures.

[0047] Comparing Example 1 and Example 2, it can be seen that, under the same site conditions and time, the treatment effect of the present invention is significantly better than that of the traditional grass checkerboard method. Comparing Example 3 and Example 2 further demonstrates that, without the design of vegetation mat coverage and layered sowing structure, simple direct seeding is almost ineffective in arid and severely erosive environments, and the slope remains in a state of continuous degradation.

[0048] The significant effect of this invention stems from the synergistic mechanism of its components based on the coupling relationship between "soil-vegetation-water" in arid regions, rather than a simple stacking of measures. A detailed analysis follows: The synergistic effect of the "vegetation mat-soil" system: The laid vegetation mat forms the first physical barrier against rain splash erosion and surface erosion. Its fibrous structure not only effectively intercepts initial runoff on the slope and reduces flow velocity, but also promotes the deposition of water-carried sediment, forming natural micro-deposition zones between the mat fibers and at the mat-soil interface. This essentially creates micro-topography in situ on the slope, transforming a uniform slope into a locally gentle area, greatly enhancing the chance of water infiltration and the soil particle retention capacity.

[0049] Continuous improvement of the soil base: The well-rotted manure applied in step S1, combined with the heat-insulating and moisture-retaining environment created by the vegetation blanket, accelerates soil microbial activity and promotes the transformation and accumulation of organic matter. Simultaneously, the fine particulate matter intercepted by the vegetation blanket, working in conjunction with organic matter, provides a material basis for the formation of soil aggregates. This method effectively increases the soil organic matter content and the proportion of water-stable aggregates, fundamentally improving the structure and erosion resistance of slope soils.

[0050] Synergistic Establishment of "Layered Sowing - Vegetation Community": This invention's layered sowing strategy is a precise ecological design for arid regions with limited and irregular water availability, embodying the combination of engineering and ecological principles. Specifically, the deep root system and long-term anchoring layer: Large-particle seeds of shrubs and perennial herbs sown beneath the vegetation mat in the soil require specific soil cover and moisture conditions to germinate due to their biological characteristics. Once successfully established, these species possess well-developed deep taproots reaching 1-3 meters underground, along with highly lignified stems, forming a long-term stable slope with an "ecological skeleton" capable of resisting deep landslides, providing continuous mechanical reinforcement. The shallow root system and rapid cover layer: Small-particle seeds, primarily annual herbs such as halophytes, are mixed with fine sand and sown on the surface of the vegetation mat. These seeds require less water and germinate quickly. They can rapidly utilize limited spring snowmelt or early summer rainfall to form a dense, shallow surface cover. Its dense, fibrous, shallow root system can quickly network the soil several centimeters above the ground, providing immediate protection against erosion and creating a favorable microenvironment that provides shade, retains moisture, and reduces wind for the germination of the underlying "skeleton plants" and the growth of seedlings.

[0051] This seed layout, which combines deep and shallow root systems and balances long-term mechanical stability with short-term rapid coverage, ensures that different plant functional groups can effectively utilize water resources during uncertain periods of rainfall. This achieves seamless integration of vegetation slope protection benefits in the time series and functional complementarity in the spatial structure.

[0052] The long-term synergy of "water regulation and system stability": The vegetated cover significantly reduces soil moisture evaporation. Its functions of intercepting runoff and promoting infiltration, combined with the water absorption and utilization by vegetation, jointly regulate the water cycle on the slope. The cover of the upper vegetation reduces surface warming, while the activity of the lower root system improves soil permeability, allowing limited rainfall to be retained and utilized to the maximum extent for the restoration and stability of the slope ecosystem, forming a positive feedback cycle of "water conservation - soil nourishment - grass growth - slope stabilization".

[0053] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. For the same or similar parts between the various embodiments, please refer to each other. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments.

[0054] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit this application. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of this application.

Claims

1. A method for controlling soil erosion on soil slopes in arid mining areas, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Spread well-rotted cow and sheep manure on loose sandy slopes; S2: Sow seeds. Select seeds from the surrounding native desert plants, including perennial herbs and shrubs, and mix them together by weight. S3: Cover the slope with vegetation mat; S4: Select seeds of annual and perennial native desert plants from the surrounding area and mix them in equal mass ratio, then sow them on the surface of the vegetation mat.

2. The method for controlling soil erosion on soil slopes in arid mining areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the seeding amount is 30m. 3 / hm 2 After the manure is spread, it is manually raked evenly to ensure that the fertilizer is thoroughly mixed with the topsoil.

3. The method for controlling soil erosion on soil slopes in arid mining areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the sowing rate is 6 kg / mu. After the seeds are evenly sown, they are manually raked 1-2 times, with a rake depth of less than 3 cm.

4. The method for controlling soil erosion on soil slopes in arid mining areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the vegetation blanket is spread out from the top of the slope to the bottom and fixed with U-shaped nails or wooden stakes to prevent the vegetation blanket from moving and to keep it close to the ground surface.

5. The method for controlling soil erosion on soil slopes in arid mining areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the seeds and moist fine sand are mixed at a volume ratio of 1:5, and after being thoroughly mixed, the mixture is sown a second time on the surface of the laid vegetation mat.

6. The method for controlling soil erosion on soil slopes in arid mining areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the native desert plants include perennial herbs such as Reed and Agropyron cristatum, and shrubs such as Nitraria tangutorum, Caragana korshinskii, and Haloxylon ammodendron.

7. The method for controlling soil erosion on soil slopes in arid mining areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, native desert plants include annual herbs and perennial herbs, and annual herbs include halophytes and Suaeda salsa; Perennial herbs include Reed and Agropyron cristatum.

8. The method for controlling soil erosion on soil slopes in arid mining areas according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step S2, the sowing period can only be selected in spring or autumn.

9. The method for controlling soil erosion on soil slopes in arid mining areas according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step S4, after sowing, the seed soil on the surface of the vegetation mat is swept evenly with a broom so that it is evenly spread on the vegetation mat on the slope.

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