Strip mine dustproof watering device and dust suppression method
By designing a controllable open-pit mine water spraying device, the spraying mode can be dynamically adjusted according to the type of dust and environmental conditions. This solves the problem of existing devices getting stuck in high dust environments, improves the dust control effect and device stability, and reduces operation and maintenance costs.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- INNER MONGOLIA ZHONGKUN ENERGY TECH DEV CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-26
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-14
AI Technical Summary
Existing open-pit mine water spraying systems cannot dynamically adjust the spraying mode according to the type and concentration of dust, resulting in a disconnect between dust control effectiveness and working conditions. Furthermore, they are prone to jamming and malfunction in high dust and high vibration environments, and cannot effectively cope with high concentrations and large areas of dust.
A dustproof water spraying device was designed, comprising a base, support column, adjustment seat, water spraying roller, water guiding mechanism, water pumping mechanism, and switching mechanism. The switching mechanism is controlled by an electrical control box to achieve rapid switching between different spray head groups. The chamfered design of the water guiding hole and the water inlet hole, combined with the sliding cooperation of the movable plate, ensures accurate water supply and sealing performance.
It achieves precise dust control under different working conditions, improves the flexibility and stability of the equipment, reduces manpower and maintenance costs, and ensures efficient dust coverage and safety.
Smart Images
Figure CN121854136A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of open-pit mine dust suppression technology, specifically to an open-pit mine dust prevention water spraying device and dust suppression method. Background Technology
[0002] As an important site for mineral resource extraction, open-pit mines generate a large amount of dust during their operations (such as blasting, excavation, loading, and transportation). Among them, respirable dust (PM2.5) accounts for as much as 30%-50%, which not only seriously threatens the respiratory health of workers (long-term exposure can easily lead to pneumoconiosis), but also reduces visibility in the work area and increases the risk of safety accidents such as equipment collisions and vehicle skidding. Currently, the mainstream dust control method in open-pit mines is mainly water spraying. The requirements for water spraying patterns vary significantly depending on the different operating scenarios in open-pit mines (such as high-concentration dust after blasting, large-area low-concentration dust on transport roads, and localized dust at the mining face). High-concentration dust requires fine atomized water flow to accurately capture dust, while large-area dust requires long-range water flow to achieve wide coverage. However, existing water spraying devices generally suffer from the problem of "fixed single function." Traditional fixed devices mostly use general-purpose direct-fire nozzles, which cannot dynamically adjust the spraying mode according to the type and concentration of dust. They have weak capture ability when facing high-concentration dust and limited coverage when facing large-area dust. The few devices that can switch nozzles either rely on manual disassembly and replacement, requiring a 10-15 minute downtime for each switch, making them unable to respond to sudden dust events, or they use multi-pipeline solenoid valve control, which has a complex structure and is prone to jamming and failure in high-dust and high-vibration environments, with an average fault-free operating time of only 15-20 days. This results in a serious disconnect between dust control effect and operating conditions, making it difficult to achieve targeted dust reduction.
[0003] Therefore, the present invention provides a dust suppression device and method for dust control in open-pit mines. Summary of the Invention
[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides an open-pit mine dust suppression spraying device and dust suppression method to solve the above problems.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: an open-pit mine dust suppression sprinkler device and dust suppression method, comprising a base, a support column fixedly connected to the top of the base, an adjustment seat provided on the top of the support column, a first sprinkler roller and a second sprinkler roller provided on the outer side of the adjustment seat, a water guiding mechanism provided on the outer side of the first sprinkler roller and the second sprinkler roller, a water pumping mechanism provided on the outer side of the support column, and a switching mechanism provided on the outer side of the water guiding mechanism; The water guiding mechanism includes a rotating box, a transfer plate is fixedly connected inside the rotating box, a through pipe is fixedly connected to the outside of the transfer plate, a moving groove is opened in the side wall of the transfer plate, a water inlet hole is opened in the inner wall of the moving groove, a movable plate is slidably connected inside the moving groove, and a water guiding hole is opened inside the movable plate. The pumping mechanism includes a water pump, with an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe fixedly connected to the outside of the water pump, and a flexible hose fixedly connected to the outside of the outlet pipe. The switching mechanism includes a motor, the output end of which is fixedly connected to a lead screw, a connecting block is threadedly connected to the outer side of the lead screw, and a connecting rod is fixedly connected to the outer side of the connecting block.
[0006] Preferably, an electrical control box is provided on the outside of the support column, the No. 1 water spraying roller and the No. 2 water spraying roller are fixedly connected to the outside of the operating box, and the bottom of the operating box is fixedly connected to the outside of the adjusting seat.
[0007] Preferably, the connecting pipes are symmetrically distributed on the outside of the transfer plate, and the ends of the connecting pipes away from the transfer plate are respectively fixedly connected to the outside of the No. 1 sprinkler roller and the No. 2 sprinkler roller.
[0008] Preferably, the interior of the transfer plate is hollow and filled, and a partition plate is fixedly connected inside the transfer plate, and the water inlet holes are symmetrically distributed in the inner wall of the transfer plate.
[0009] Preferably, the water guide hole is adapted to the water inlet hole, and both have chamfers on their outer sides, and the movable plate is tightly attached to the inner wall of the moving groove.
[0010] Preferably, a rotating groove is formed in the inner bottom wall of the movable groove, and a roller is rotatably connected inside the rotating groove, with the bottom of the movable plate movably connected to the top of the roller.
[0011] Preferably, the motor is fixedly connected to the outside of the operating box, the lead screw is rotatably connected to the inside of the operating box, and the end of the connecting rod away from the connecting block is fixedly connected to the outside of the movable plate.
[0012] Preferably, the water pump is fixedly connected to the outside of the support column, the end of the water outlet pipe away from the water pump is fixedly connected to the inside of the operating box, the end of the hose away from the water outlet pipe is fixedly connected to the inside of the movable plate, and the inside of the movable plate is hollow.
[0013] Preferably, the rollers are evenly distributed inside the rotating groove, and the top of the rollers is flush with the top of the rotating groove.
[0014] A dust suppression method for open-pit mines includes the following steps: S1, fixing the device base at a preset position in the open-pit mine operation area (such as the edge of the mining face, beside the transportation road, or the top of the slope), ensuring that the support column is perpendicular to the ground, connecting the power supply through the electrical control box, checking the circuit connection stability of the water pump, switching motor, and angle adjustment motor, connecting the water inlet pipe to the open-pit mine water source (storage tank, main water supply network), opening the water source valve, starting the water pump through the electrical control box to test water supply, checking for leaks or blockages in the hoses, pipes, fine atomizing nozzle group, and long-range direct-shot nozzle group, and ensuring that the equipment is in normal initial condition; S2. Select the corresponding water spraying mode through the electrical control box (7) according to the on-site operation scenario and environmental conditions: Mode 1: High concentration of dust (such as after blasting or during mining operations) + low wind environment (wind speed ≤3m / s), select fine atomization dust suppression mode, activate fine atomization nozzle group, and use its low flow rate and high density atomization characteristics to accurately settle respirable dust (PM2.5). Mode (S022): Large-area low-concentration dust (such as dust on transportation roads and dust spread on the work surface) + windy environment (wind speed > 3m / s), select the long-range coverage mode, activate the long-range direct spray nozzle group, expand the water spray coverage area through its large diameter and long range design, resist wind interference, and achieve wide-area dust suppression; Mode S023): When operating on complex terrain (such as stepped mining faces and slopes), combine the pitch / rotation function of the angle adjustment motor to make the spray direction of the nozzle group conform to the terrain and avoid blind spots; S3. A switching command is sent through the electrical control box, the switching motor starts and drives the lead screw to rotate. The lead screw drives the connecting block connected by the outer thread to move axially. The connecting block pulls the movable plate to slide in the moving groove through the connecting rod (the roller reduces sliding friction and avoids jamming). When the water guide hole on the movable plate is aligned with the water inlet hole on the side of the pipe corresponding to the fine atomizing nozzle group, the water delivered by the hose flows through the hollow channel, water guide hole and water inlet hole inside the movable plate into the corresponding chamber of the transfer plate, and then injects into the No. 1 sprinkler roller through the pipe. The fine atomizing nozzle group starts spraying water. When the water guide hole on the movable plate is aligned with the water inlet hole on the side of the pipe corresponding to the long-range direct spray nozzle group, the water flows through the same channel to the No. 2 sprinkler roller. The long-range direct spray nozzle group starts spraying water. During the switching process, the partition plate ensures that the two chambers in the transfer plate are not connected to each other to avoid water leakage when water is discharged at the same time or during switching. The chamfer design ensures that the water guide hole and the water inlet hole are accurately connected and improves the sealing performance. S4, Horizontal Rotation (S041): Drives the rotating box to rotate 360° in the horizontal direction, achieving full-circle water spraying without dead angles, adapting to circular or irregular working surfaces. Vertical pitch adjustment: Drives the rotating box to pitch ±45° in the vertical direction, and the water spraying direction conforms to the terrain such as slopes and steps. At the same time, the angle can be adjusted according to the position of the working equipment to prevent water from wetting the equipment or affecting the operation. S5. During the water spraying process, the pressure and flow data of the water pump are monitored in real time through the electrical control box. If pressure occurs, the machine is stopped and inspected in time. The nozzles of the fine atomizing nozzle group are cleaned regularly to prevent dust and impurities from clogging the orifices. The sealing status of the moving plate and the moving groove is checked. If water leakage occurs, the seals are replaced in time. In the event of long-term shutdown or low temperature environment, the water inside the device is drained to prevent the pipeline from freezing and cracking. S6. After the operation is completed, turn off the water pump through the electrical control box. After the residual water in the pipeline is drained, control the movable plate to return to the middle position, cut off the power, and the operation is completed. Beneficial effects
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: (1) The dust suppression water spraying device for open-pit mines drives the movable plate to slide through the switching mechanism, thereby achieving precise docking between the water guide hole and different water inlet holes, and quickly switching the water supply status of No. 1 and No. 2 water spraying rollers. It is suitable for different working conditions such as high concentration of dust and large area coverage in open-pit mines, and improves the targeting and flexibility of dust suppression.
[0016] (2) The open-pit mine dust suppression water spraying device has a chamfered design for the water guide hole and the water inlet hole, and a tight fit between the movable plate and the moving trough. Combined with the isolation effect of the partition plate inside the transfer plate, it ensures the sealing performance when switching water spraying, avoids water leakage and waste, and the roller structure reduces the sliding friction of the movable plate, reduces the risk of jamming, and improves the stability of the device operation.
[0017] (2) The dust suppression water spraying device for open-pit mines has a compact overall structure and is easy to install. The spraying angle can be flexibly adjusted by adjusting the seat. With the efficient water delivery of the water pump and water guiding mechanism, the working face can be evenly covered, effectively reducing dust pollution. The layout of each component is reasonable and easy to maintain, reducing the manpower and operation and maintenance costs of dust suppression operations in open-pit mines. Attached Figure Description
[0018] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the outer structure of the No. 1 and No. 2 sprinkler rollers of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the operating box of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the outer structure of the switching mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure between the connecting block and the movable plate of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure on the outer side of the transfer plate in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the transfer plate in this invention; Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the operating box of the present invention; Figure 9 This is the present invention. Figure 3 Enlarged view of the structure at point A in the middle.
[0019] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Support column; 3. Adjustable seat; 4. No. 1 sprinkler roller; 5. No. 2 sprinkler roller; 6. Water guiding mechanism; 61. Operating box; 62. Transfer plate; 621. Divider plate; 63. Through pipe; 64. Moving trough; 641. Rotating trough; 642. Roller; 65. Water inlet; 66. Movable plate; 67. Water guiding hole; 7. Electrical control box; 8. Pumping mechanism; 81. Water pump; 82. Water inlet pipe; 83. Water outlet pipe; 84. Hose; 9. Switching mechanism; 91. Motor; 92. Lead screw; 93. Connecting block; 94. Connecting rod. Detailed Implementation
[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0021] Please see Figure 1-9 An open-pit mine dust suppression sprinkler device and dust suppression method includes a base 1, a support column 2 fixedly connected to the top of the base 1, an adjustment seat 3 set on the top of the support column 2, a first sprinkler roller 4 and a second sprinkler roller 5 set on the outside of the adjustment seat 3, a water guiding mechanism 6 set on the outside of the first sprinkler roller 4 and the second sprinkler roller 5, a water pumping mechanism 8 set on the outside of the support column 2, and a switching mechanism 9 set on the outside of the water guiding mechanism 6. The water guiding mechanism 6 includes a rotating box 61, a transfer plate 62 fixedly connected inside the rotating box 61, a through pipe 63 fixedly connected to the outside of the transfer plate 62, a moving groove 64 opened in the side wall of the transfer plate 62, a water inlet hole 65 opened in the inner wall of the moving groove 64, a movable plate 66 slidably connected inside the moving groove 64, and a water guiding hole 67 opened inside the movable plate 66. The pumping mechanism 8 includes a pump 81, with an inlet pipe 82 and an outlet pipe 83 fixedly connected to the outside of the pump 81, and a hose 84 fixedly connected to the outside of the outlet pipe 83. The switching mechanism 9 includes a motor 91, with a lead screw 92 fixedly connected to the output end of the motor 91. A connecting block 93 is threadedly connected to the outer side of the lead screw 92, and a connecting rod 94 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the connecting block 93.
[0022] Furthermore, the No. 1 sprinkler roller 4 and the No. 2 sprinkler roller 5 are symmetrically distributed cylindrical metal cylinders, mostly made of stainless steel, which is corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant. They are fixed parallel to both sides of the operating box 61, and the cylinder walls are evenly opened with nozzle mounting holes. The two have the same structure but are compatible with different types of nozzles. For example, the No. 1 roller is equipped with a fine atomizing nozzle and the No. 2 roller is equipped with a long-range nozzle. The inside is connected to the through pipe 63. After receiving the water flow, the nozzles atomize and spray the water in a specific form to the working area. They are the direct execution components of the dust prevention function.
[0023] It should be noted that: the movable plate 66 is a rectangular metal plate that fits the size of the moving trough 64. It has a hollow water flow channel inside and a circular water guide hole 67 on the side wall. The bottom contacts the roller 642 in the moving trough 64. The plate body is tightly attached to the inner wall of the moving trough 64 to ensure sealing. One end is connected to the switching mechanism 9 through the connecting rod 94 and can slide along the moving trough 64. The alignment or misalignment of the water guide hole 67 with the water inlet hole 65 controls whether the water flow enters the chamber of the transfer plate 62.
[0024] Specifically: The rollers 642 are small metal materials and are evenly distributed in the rotating grooves 641 on the bottom wall of the moving groove 64. They are connected to the inner wall of the rotating grooves 641 through a rotating shaft. The top of the rollers contacts the bottom of the moving plate 66, converting the sliding friction of the moving plate 66 into rolling friction, reducing sliding resistance and preventing jamming.
[0025] As a further improvement of the present invention, an electrical control box 7 is provided on the outside of the support column 2, the first sprinkler roller 4 and the second sprinkler roller 5 are fixedly connected to the outside of the operating box 61, and the bottom of the operating box 61 is fixedly connected to the outside of the adjusting seat 3. The connecting pipes 63 are symmetrically distributed on the outside of the transfer plate 62, and the end of the connecting pipes 63 away from the transfer plate 62 is fixedly connected to the outside of the first sprinkler roller 4 and the second sprinkler roller 5 respectively. The interior of the transfer plate 62 is hollow and filled, and a partition plate 621 is fixedly connected to the interior of the transfer plate 62. The water inlet holes 65 are symmetrically distributed in the inner wall of the transfer plate 62.
[0026] Furthermore: the water guide hole 67 is adapted to the water inlet hole 65, and both of them have chamfers on their outer sides. The movable plate 66 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the moving groove 64. The inner bottom wall of the moving groove 64 has a rotating groove 641. The rotating groove 641 is rotatably connected to the inside of the rotating groove 642. The bottom of the movable plate 66 is movably connected to the top of the roller 642. The motor 91 is fixedly connected to the outside of the operating box 61. The lead screw 92 is rotatably connected to the inside of the operating box 61. The end of the connecting rod 94 away from the connecting block 93 is fixedly connected to the outside of the movable plate 66. The water pump 81 is fixedly connected to the outside of the support column 2. The end of the water outlet pipe 83 away from the water pump 81 is fixedly connected to the inside of the operating box 61. The end of the hose 84 away from the water outlet pipe 83 is fixedly connected to the inside of the movable plate 66. The inside of the movable plate 66 is hollow. The rollers 642 are evenly distributed inside the rotating groove 641, and the top of the rollers 642 is flush with the top of the rotating groove 641.
[0027] Furthermore, any content not described in detail in this specification is existing technology known to those skilled in the art.
[0028] Working principle: After the water pump 81 starts, it draws external water through the inlet pipe 82, and the pressurized water is delivered to the hollow structure movable plate 66 through the outlet pipe 83 and the hose 84. The transfer plate 62 forms two independent chambers through the partition plate 621, which are connected to the first sprinkler roller 4 and the second sprinkler roller 5 through the connecting pipe 63 respectively. When the electrical control box 7 sends a switching command to the motor 91, the motor 91 drives the lead screw 92 to rotate, which drives the threaded connecting block 93 and the connecting rod 94 to pull the movable plate 66 to slide in the moving groove 64. The roller 642 in the rotating groove 641 converts sliding friction into rolling friction to ensure smooth operation. The water guide on the movable plate 66... The water inlet hole 65 on the inner wall of the moving trough 64 is precisely matched by a chamfered design. When the water guide hole 67 is aligned with the water inlet hole 65 on one side, the water flows through the water guide hole 67 and the water inlet hole 65 into the corresponding chamber of the transfer plate 62, and then into the target sprinkler roller through the pipe 63. At the same time, the adjusting seat 3 can drive the operating box 61 and the sprinkler roller to achieve 360° horizontal rotation and ±45° vertical pitch adjustment. Finally, the water is sprayed to the working area through the nozzle on the outside of the sprinkler roller, achieving precise dust prevention under different working conditions. The tight fit between the water guide hole 67 and the water inlet hole 65 and the isolation effect of the partition plate 621 effectively prevent water leakage and ensure stable operation of the device.
[0029] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
[0030] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. An open-pit mine dust suppression sprinkler system, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: The base (1) is fixedly connected to a support column (2), and the support column (2) is provided with an adjustment seat (3). A first sprinkler roller (4) and a second sprinkler roller (5) are provided on the outside of the adjustment seat (3). A water guiding mechanism (6) is provided on the outside of the first sprinkler roller (4) and the second sprinkler roller (5). A water pumping mechanism (8) is provided on the outside of the support column (2). A switching mechanism (9) is provided on the outside of the water guiding mechanism (6). The water guiding mechanism (6) includes a rotating box (61), a transfer plate (62) is fixedly connected inside the rotating box (61), a through pipe (63) is fixedly connected to the outside of the transfer plate (62), a moving groove (64) is opened in the side wall of the transfer plate (62), a water inlet hole (65) is opened in the inner wall of the moving groove (64), a movable plate (66) is slidably connected inside the moving groove (64), and a water guiding hole (67) is opened inside the movable plate (66). The pumping mechanism (8) includes a water pump (81), with an inlet pipe (82) and an outlet pipe (83) fixedly connected to the outside of the water pump (81), and a hose (84) fixedly connected to the outside of the outlet pipe (83). The switching mechanism (9) includes a motor (91), the output end of which is fixedly connected to a lead screw (92), the outer side of which is threadedly connected to a connecting block (93), and the outer side of which is fixedly connected to a connecting rod (94).
2. The dust suppression sprinkler system for open-pit mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: An electrical control box (7) is provided on the outside of the support column (2). The first water spraying roller (4) and the second water spraying roller (5) are fixedly connected to the outside of the operating box (61), and the bottom of the operating box (61) is fixedly connected to the outside of the adjusting seat (3).
3. The dust suppression sprinkler system for open-pit mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting pipes (63) are symmetrically distributed on the outside of the transfer plate (62), and the end of the connecting pipe (63) away from the transfer plate (62) is fixedly connected to the outside of the first sprinkler roller (4) and the second sprinkler roller (5).
4. The dust suppression sprinkler system for open-pit mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The interior of the transfer plate (62) is hollow and filled, and a partition plate (621) is fixedly connected inside the transfer plate (62). The water inlet holes (65) are symmetrically distributed in the inner wall of the transfer plate (62).
5. The dust suppression sprinkler system for open-pit mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water guide hole (67) is adapted to the water inlet hole (65), and both of them have chamfers on their outer sides. The movable plate (66) is tightly attached to the inner wall of the movable groove (64).
6. The dust suppression sprinkler system for open-pit mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner bottom wall of the movable groove (64) is provided with a rotating groove (641), and a roller (642) is rotatably connected inside the rotating groove (641). The bottom of the movable plate (66) is movably connected to the top of the roller (642).
7. The dust suppression sprinkler system for open-pit mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The motor (91) is fixedly connected to the outside of the operating box (61), the lead screw (92) is rotatably connected to the inside of the operating box (61), and the end of the connecting rod (94) away from the connecting block (93) is fixedly connected to the outside of the movable plate (66).
8. The dust suppression sprinkler system for open-pit mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water pump (81) is fixedly connected to the outside of the support column (2), the end of the water outlet pipe (83) away from the water pump (81) is fixedly connected to the inside of the operating box (61), and the end of the hose (84) away from the water outlet pipe (83) is fixedly connected to the inside of the movable plate (66), and the inside of the movable plate (66) is hollow.
9. The dust suppression sprinkler system for open-pit mines according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rollers (642) are evenly distributed inside the rotating groove (641), and the top of the rollers (642) is flush with the top of the rotating groove (641).
10. A method for dust suppression in open-pit mines, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Fix the device base (1) in the preset position in the open-pit mine operation area (such as the edge of the mining face, the side of the transportation road, or the top of the slope) to ensure that the support column (2) is perpendicular to the ground; connect the power supply through the electrical control box (7) and check the circuit connection stability of the water pump (81), the switching motor (91), and the angle adjustment motor; connect the water inlet pipe (82) to the open-pit mine water source (storage tank, main water supply network), open the water source valve, start the water pump (81) through the electrical control box (7) to test water supply, check whether there is leakage or blockage in the hose (84), the connecting pipe (63), the fine atomizing nozzle group, and the long-range direct spray nozzle (S2), and ensure that the initial state of the equipment is normal; S2. Select the corresponding water spraying mode through the electrical control box (7) according to the on-site operation scenario and environmental conditions: Mode 1: High concentration of dust (such as after blasting or during mining operations) + low wind environment (wind speed ≤3m / s), select fine atomization dust suppression mode, activate fine atomization nozzle group, and use its low flow rate and high density atomization characteristics to accurately settle respirable dust (PM2.5). Mode 2: Large-area low-concentration dust (such as dust on transportation roads and dust spread from work surfaces) + strong wind environment (wind speed > 3m / s), select the long-range coverage mode and activate the long-range direct spray nozzle group. Through its large diameter and long range design, it expands the water spray coverage area, resists wind interference, and achieves wide-area dust suppression. Mode 3: When operating on complex terrain (such as stepped mining faces and slopes), combine the pitch / rotation function of the angle adjustment motor (S4) to make the spray direction of the nozzle group conform to the terrain and avoid blind spots; S3. A switching command is sent through the electrical control box (7). The switching motor (91) starts and drives the lead screw (92) to rotate. The lead screw (92) drives the connecting block (93) connected by the outer thread to move axially. The connecting block (93) pulls the movable plate (66) to slide in the moving groove (64) through the connecting rod (94). (The roller (642) reduces the sliding friction and avoids jamming.) When the water guide hole (67) on the movable plate (66) is aligned with the water inlet hole (65) on one side of the pipe (63) corresponding to the fine atomizing nozzle group (S1) (S031), the water transported by the hose (84) flows through the hollow channel and water guide hole inside the movable plate (66). 67) The water inlet (65) enters the corresponding chamber of the transfer plate (62) and is then injected into the first water spraying roller (4) through the connecting pipe (63). The fine atomizing nozzle group (S1) starts spraying water. When the water guide hole (67) on the movable plate (66) is aligned with the water inlet hole (65) on one side of the connecting pipe (63) corresponding to the long-range direct spraying nozzle group (S2), the water flows through the same channel and is injected into the second water spraying roller (5). The long-range direct spraying nozzle group starts spraying water. During the switching process, the partition plate (621) ensures that the two chambers in the transfer plate (62) are not connected to each other. The chamfered design ensures that the water guide hole (67) and the water inlet hole (65) are accurately connected, improving the sealing performance. S4, Horizontal rotation adjustment: Drive the rotating box (61) to rotate 360° in the horizontal direction to achieve full-circle water spraying without dead angles, which is suitable for circular or irregular working surfaces. Vertical pitch adjustment (S042): Drive the rotating box (61) to pitch ±45° in the vertical direction, and the water spraying direction is in line with the terrain such as slopes and steps. At the same time, the angle can be adjusted according to the position of the working equipment to prevent water from wetting the equipment or affecting the operation. S5. During the water spraying process, the pressure and flow data of the water pump (81) are monitored in real time through the electrical control box (7). If the pressure is abnormal, the machine is stopped and checked in time. The nozzles of the fine atomizing nozzle group (S1) are cleaned regularly to prevent dust and impurities from clogging the aperture. The sealing status of the movable plate (66) and the moving groove (64) is checked. If water leakage occurs, the seals are replaced in time. In the event of long-term shutdown or low temperature environment, the water inside the device is drained to prevent the pipeline from freezing and cracking. S6. After the operation is completed, turn off the water pump (81) through the electrical control box (7). After the residual water in the pipeline is drained, control the movable plate (66) to return to the middle position (the water guide hole (67) and the water inlet holes (65) on both sides are staggered), cut off the power supply, and complete the operation.