Square battery cell charging and discharging test fixture based on motor driving

Abstract

The invention discloses a square battery cell charging and discharging test fixture based on motor driving, and belongs to the technical field of battery testing. The test fixture comprises a bottom plate, a front baffle, a side baffle and a rear baffle are arranged on the bottom plate, a battery cell body is placed on the top of the bottom plate and tightly attached to the front baffle, a probe frame is arranged above the battery cell body, probe bodies are installed at the two ends of the probe frame, a vertical plate is connected with an adjusting assembly through a supporting frame, and the adjusting assembly is used for controlling the probe frame to ascend and descend. A clamping assembly is arranged at the bottom of the front baffle and is used for driving the side baffles, the rear baffle and the upper positioning plate to flexibly position the battery cell body; according to the invention, flexible clamping and expansion self-adaption are combined, so that the battery cell and the clamp are effectively protected; the universality is high, the device can be adapted to square battery cells of various sizes, and the test safety and the data reliability are improved; the problems that an existing square battery cell charging and discharging test clamp is poor in adaptability, unstable in clamping, difficult to deal with battery cell expansion and poor in probe and clamping linkage are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of battery testing technology, specifically a square cell charge and discharge test fixture based on motor drive. Background Technology

[0002] The motor-driven prismatic cell charge-discharge test fixture is a key piece of equipment in the field of battery testing technology. It is mainly used to position and clamp the prismatic cells during the charge-discharge process and to achieve electrical connection through probes, so as to accurately obtain the charge-discharge performance data of the cells and ensure the smooth conduct of cell performance and safety testing. It is widely used in electric vehicles, energy storage systems and other related fields.

[0003] Existing motor-driven square cell charge / discharge test fixtures have many shortcomings: Firstly, the structural design is unreasonable, making it difficult to adapt to square battery cells of different sizes. Replacing the test battery cells requires cumbersome adjustments, resulting in low testing efficiency. Secondly, the clamping force control is unstable, which makes it impossible to provide uniform clamping force to the battery cell, causing the battery cell to easily shift during the test and affecting the accuracy of the test results; Third, the lack of a design to address the expansion of the battery cells during charging and discharging means that the expansion force of the battery cells cannot be effectively buffered or adapted, which may cause damage to the fixtures or interruption of the test. Fourth, although some clamps are driven by motors, the linkage between probe positioning and cell clamping is poor, and manual adjustment is still required, which is cumbersome and can easily damage the cell tabs.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new motor-driven square cell charge and discharge test fixture to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention overcomes the shortcomings of existing technologies and proposes a square battery cell charge-discharge test fixture based on motor drive. It solves the problems of poor adaptability, unstable clamping, difficulty in handling battery cell expansion, and poor linkage between probes and clamping in existing square battery cell charge-discharge test fixtures. This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A square battery cell charge / discharge test fixture based on motor drive, the test fixture includes a base plate, a vertical plate fixedly connected to the top of the base plate; a front baffle fixedly connected to the top of the end of the base plate away from the vertical plate, a battery cell body placed on the top of the base plate against the front baffle, side baffles symmetrically arranged on the top of the base plate, and a rear baffle located between the battery cell body and the vertical plate on the top of the base plate; an upper positioning plate above the base plate, the bottom surface of the upper positioning plate contacting the top surface of the battery cell body for upper positioning of the battery cell body; a probe holder above the battery cell body, with probe bodies installed at both ends of the probe holder, tabs symmetrically fixedly connected to the top of the battery cell body, and the bottom of the probe body contacting the top of the tabs; an adjustment assembly connected to the vertical plate via a support frame, the adjustment assembly for controlling the lifting and lowering of the probe holder; a clamping assembly at the bottom of the front baffle for driving the side baffles, rear baffle, and upper positioning plate to flexibly position the battery cell body.

[0006] Furthermore, a fixing frame is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the upright plate by bolts, and the core control board is fixedly connected inside the fixing frame; a support frame is fixedly connected to the side of the fixing frame away from the upright plate, and the adjustment component is installed below the support frame.

[0007] Furthermore, the adjustment assembly includes a threaded sleeve rod, which is fixedly disposed in the middle of the upper surface of the probe holder. A motor body is fixedly connected to the middle of the support frame, and a threaded rod is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor body. The threaded rod is threadedly connected to the threaded sleeve rod.

[0008] Furthermore, an optical axis is symmetrically fixedly connected to the top of the base plate, and the upper positioning plate is slidably connected to the optical axis; an upper sleeve is symmetrically fixedly connected to the side of the probe holder near the optical axis, and the upper sleeve is slidably connected to the optical axis; an outer insert is fixedly connected to the bottom of the upper sleeve; a lower sleeve is symmetrically fixedly connected to the top of the upper positioning plate, and the lower sleeve is slidably connected to the optical axis; an inner insert is fixedly connected to the top of the lower sleeve, and the inner insert is inserted into the outer insert.

[0009] Furthermore, the diameter of the outer wall of the inner sleeve is smaller than the diameter of the inner wall of the outer sleeve. A first spring is provided between the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve. The top end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the upper sleeve, and the bottom end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the lower sleeve.

[0010] Furthermore, the clamping assembly includes a rear sliding column and a first connecting rod. The rear sliding columns are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the rear baffle, and the surface of the base plate is symmetrically provided with through rear sliding grooves, in which the rear sliding columns slide. The bottom of the side baffle is symmetrically fixedly connected with side sliding columns, and the surface of the base plate is symmetrically provided with multiple sets of through side sliding grooves, in which the side sliding columns slide. The top end of the first connecting rod is rotatably arranged at the bottom end of the upper positioning plate near the vertical plate, and the bottom end of the first connecting rod is rotatably arranged on the top surface of the rear baffle.

[0011] Furthermore, a rear sliding plate is provided below the rear baffle, and the rear sliding plate is fixedly connected to the rear sliding column; a side sliding plate is provided below each side baffle, and the side sliding plate is fixedly connected to the side sliding column.

[0012] Furthermore, a guide rail is fixedly connected to the side of the rear sliding plate away from the upright plate. The guide rail is V-shaped and has symmetrical through guide grooves on its surface. Guide rods are fixedly connected to the opposite sides of the two side sliding plates. The two guide rods are located above and below the guide rail, respectively. A guide slide post is fixedly connected to the end of the guide rod near the guide rail. The guide slide post slides in the guide groove.

[0013] Furthermore, both ends of the probe holder are provided with a through first sliding groove, and a first slider is slidably connected in the first sliding groove. The probe body passes through the middle of the first slider and is fixedly connected to the first slider. A second spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of each first slider, and the bottom end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the probe body. A sleeve post is fixedly connected to the opposite side of each of the two first sliders. A push rod is slidably connected to the middle of the sleeve post, and the bottom of the push rod is fixedly connected to the top surface of the side baffle.

[0014] Furthermore, motor control switches are fixedly connected to both sides of the mounting bracket. The motor control switches are used to control the forward and reverse rotation of the motor body. A pressure sensor is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the base plate. The pressure sensor is used to monitor the expansion force of the battery cell body. The core control board, motor control switches, pressure sensor and motor body are electrically connected. A support platform is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the base plate. The support platform has a ring structure.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention compared to the prior art are as follows: 1. Clamping and probe positioning are fully linked, making operation convenient and positioning accurate: This invention solves the problem of poor linkage between probe positioning and cell clamping in existing clamping devices, requiring manual adjustment. It achieves full-process linkage control through motor drive: when the motor drives the probe holder to rise and fall, it synchronously drives the upper positioning plate to slide along the optical axis via a first spring. The upper positioning plate then pulls or pushes the rear baffle to move via a first connecting rod. The rear baffle drives the V-shaped guide rail to move the side baffles in opposite directions. The entire clamping process requires no manual adjustment of the side baffles, rear baffles, or upper positioning plate; cell clamping and release can be completed solely through motor-controlled switches. Simultaneously, the movement of the side baffles drives a push rod to push the first slider, causing the probe to move synchronously with the side baffles and automatically align with the cell tabs. This avoids positioning deviations caused by manual adjustment, ensures stable electrical connections during charge and discharge testing, and improves operational convenience and positioning accuracy.

[0016] 2. The combination of flexible clamping and expansion self-adaptation effectively protects the battery cell and the clamp: To address the shortcomings of existing clamping fixtures, such as unstable clamping force control and lack of design to handle cell expansion, this invention achieves bidirectional protection through a multi-level flexible structure and adaptive mechanism: On one hand, the first spring between the upper positioning plate and the probe holder buffers the vertical clamping force, preventing excessive pressure from the upper positioning plate on the top surface of the cell; the second spring between the probe and the first slider buffers the contact pressure of the probe on the tab, preventing deformation or damage to the tab and solving the problem of easy damage to the cell by traditional rigid clamping. On the other hand, when the cell expands during charging and discharging, the expansion force can push the side baffle and rear baffle to move slightly along the slide groove, providing buffer space for horizontal expansion. At the same time, the upper positioning plate rises along the optical axis to compress the first spring, releasing the vertical expansion stress and preventing the fixture from deforming due to excessive expansion force; in conjunction with a pressure sensor to monitor the expansion force in real time, the core control board automatically controls the motor to stop when the pressure exceeds the limit, further preventing excessive cell expansion or fixture damage, achieving dual protection for both the cell and the fixture.

[0017] 3. High versatility, compatible with various sizes of square battery cells: Existing fixtures suffer from low testing efficiency due to their fixed structure and difficulty in adapting to different sized battery cells, requiring frequent fixture changes. This invention achieves multi-size adaptation through an adjustable and linked design: multiple sets of side sliding grooves are formed on the base plate surface, and side baffles can move along different side sliding grooves via side sliding posts to adapt to square battery cells of different widths; the clamping assembly automatically adapts to changes in battery cell length through a linked structure, and the upper positioning plate can adjust its position synchronously with the battery cell height; the probes automatically adapt to the tab spacing of battery cells of different widths as the side baffles move. This eliminates the need to replace fixtures or core components, meeting the testing requirements of various specifications of square battery cells, expanding the applicability of the fixture, and reducing the inconvenience caused by fixture replacement.

[0018] 4. Improve test security and data reliability: This invention addresses the issues of frequent interruptions and significant data deviations in existing fixture testing processes through multiple design improvements: Regarding safety, a pressure sensor monitors the cell expansion force in real time. The core control board, motor, and motor control switch form a closed-loop control system, automatically stopping the motor when the pressure exceeds a preset threshold, preventing cell explosions, fixture breakage, and other safety accidents. The ring-shaped support platform provides ample movement space for the transmission components such as the rear and side slides below the base plate, while also enhancing the overall stability of the fixture and preventing it from shaking during testing. Regarding data reliability, the fully linked clamping system ensures no cell displacement during testing. The probe and electrode maintain stable contact via a second spring, avoiding charging and discharging data deviations caused by poor contact or cell displacement. This provides accurate test data for cell performance evaluation and improves test quality. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the square battery cell charge and discharge test fixture based on motor drive provided by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the fixed frame structure; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the probe holder structure; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first slider; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure below the probe holder; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the base plate; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the rear sliding plate structure; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the outer sleeve; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the lower sleeve structure; Figure 10 This is a functional diagram of the core control board.

[0020] Numbered in the diagram: 1. Base plate; 2. Vertical plate; 3. Front baffle; 4. Cell body; 5. Side baffle; 6. Rear baffle; 7. Optical axis; 8. Upper positioning plate; 9. Probe holder; 10. Probe body; 11. Electrode; 12. Fixing frame; 13. Core control board; 14. Support frame; 15. Threaded sleeve; 16. Motor body; 17. Threaded rod; 18. Upper sleeve; 19. Outer sleeve; 20. Lower sleeve; 21. Inner sleeve; 2 2. First spring; 23. First slide groove; 24. First slider; 25. Second spring; 26. Sleeve column; 27. Push rod; 28. Rear slide column; 29. ​​Rear slide groove; 30. Side slide column; 31. Side slide groove; 32. First connecting rod; 33. Rear slide plate; 34. Side slide plate; 35. Guide rail; 36. Guide groove; 37. Guide rod; 38. Guide slide column; 39. Motor control switch; 40. Pressure sensor; 41. Support platform. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the technical problems to be solved, the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. The technical solutions of this invention are described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings, but the scope of protection is not limited thereto.

[0022] See Figures 1 to 10This embodiment proposes a square battery cell charge / discharge test fixture based on motor drive. The test fixture includes a base plate 1, with a vertical plate 2 fixedly connected to the top of the base plate 1. A front baffle 3 is fixedly connected to the top of the end of the base plate 1 away from the vertical plate 2. A battery cell body 4 is placed on the top of the base plate 1, close to the front baffle 3. Side baffles 5 are symmetrically arranged on the top of the base plate 1. A rear baffle 6 is located on the top of the base plate 1 between the battery cell body 4 and the vertical plate 2. The side baffles 5 and the rear baffle 6, together with the front baffle 3, restrict the horizontal position of the battery cell body 4. An optical axis 7 is symmetrically fixedly connected to the top of the base plate 1. An upper positioning plate 8 is provided above the base plate 1 and is slidably connected to the optical axis 7. The bottom surface of the upper positioning plate 8 contacts the top surface of the battery cell body 4. 8 is used for upper positioning of the battery cell body 4; a probe frame 9 is provided above the battery cell body 4, and probe bodies 10 are installed at both ends of the probe frame 9. The top of the battery cell body 4 is symmetrically fixedly connected with tabs 11, and the bottom of the probe body 10 contacts the top of the tabs 11; a fixing frame 12 is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the upright plate 2 by bolts, and a core control board 13 is fixedly connected inside the fixing frame 12; a support frame 14 is fixedly connected to the side of the fixing frame 12 away from the upright plate 2, and an adjustment component is installed below the support frame 14. The adjustment component is used to control the lifting and lowering of the probe frame 9; a clamping component is provided at the bottom of the front baffle 3. The clamping component is used to drive the side baffle 5, the rear baffle 6, and the upper positioning plate 8 to flexibly position the battery cell body 4.

[0023] The battery cell body 4 is placed on top of the base plate 1, tightly against the front baffle 3. The side baffles 5 symmetrically arranged on the top of the base plate 1 and the rear baffle 6 located between the battery cell body 4 and the upright plate 2 work together with the front baffle 3 to restrict the horizontal displacement of the battery cell body 4 and prevent horizontal deviation. The optical axis 7 symmetrically fixedly connected to the top of the base plate 1 provides a sliding guide for the upper positioning plate 8. The upper positioning plate 8 is slidably connected to the optical axis 7, and its bottom surface is in close contact with the top surface of the battery cell body 4, thereby achieving vertical positioning of the battery cell body 4 and preventing the battery cell body 4 from moving up and down.

[0024] A probe holder 9 is provided on the top of the battery cell body 4. The probe bodies 10 are installed at both ends of the probe holder 9, and their bottoms are in contact with the tabs 11 that are symmetrically fixed on the top of the battery cell body 4, thereby establishing the electrical connection channel required for charge and discharge testing. A fixing frame 12 is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the upright plate 2 by bolts. The core control board 13 fixed inside the fixing frame 12 serves as the control center of the entire fixture, responsible for receiving and processing various signals. A support frame 14 is fixedly connected to the side of the fixing frame 12 away from the upright plate 2. An adjustment component installed under the support frame 14 can drive the probe holder 9 to rise and fall, so as to adjust the contact state between the probe body 10 and the tab 11. The clamping component set at the bottom of the front baffle 3 can drive the side baffle 5, the rear baffle 6, and the upper positioning plate 8 to move synchronously, providing flexible positioning for the battery cell body 4, ensuring uniform clamping force and not damaging the battery cell body 4.

[0025] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 As shown, the adjustment assembly includes: a threaded sleeve 15, which is fixedly disposed in the middle of the upper surface of the probe holder 9; a motor body 16 is fixedly connected to the middle of the support frame 14; a threaded rod 17 is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor body 16; and the threaded rod 17 is threadedly connected to the threaded sleeve 15. An upper sleeve 18 is symmetrically fixedly connected to the side of the probe holder 9 near the optical axis 7, and the upper sleeve 18 is slidably connected to the optical axis 7. An outer insert 19 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the upper sleeve 18. A lower sleeve 20 is symmetrically fixedly connected to the top of the upper positioning plate 8, and the lower sleeve 20 is slidably connected to the optical axis 7. An inner insert 21 is fixedly connected to the top of the lower sleeve 20, and the inner insert 21 is inserted into the outer insert 19. The diameter of the outer wall of the inner sleeve 21 is smaller than the diameter of the inner wall of the outer sleeve 19. A first spring 22 is provided between the upper sleeve 18 and the lower sleeve 20. The first spring 22 is located between the outer sleeve 19 and the inner sleeve 21. The top end of the first spring 22 is fixedly connected to the upper sleeve 18, and the bottom end of the first spring 22 is fixedly connected to the lower sleeve 20.

[0026] The adjustment assembly achieves precise lifting and lowering of the probe holder 9 through the drive of the motor body 16: the threaded sleeve 15 fixed in the middle of the upper surface of the probe holder 9 forms a threaded engagement with the threaded rod 17 connected to the output end of the motor body 16 fixed in the middle of the support frame 14. When the motor body 16 starts, its output end drives the threaded rod 17 to rotate, and the threaded rod 17 pushes the threaded sleeve 15 to move in the vertical direction through threaded transmission, thereby driving the probe holder 9 to lift and lower synchronously, realizing the contact or separation of the probe body 10 and the tab 11.

[0027] The sliding fit between the upper sleeve 18 and the optical axis 7 provides guidance for the lifting and lowering of the probe holder 9, preventing deviation during lifting and lowering. The bottom of the upper sleeve 18 is fixedly connected to the outer insert 19, while the lower sleeve 20, symmetrically fixed to the top of the upper positioning plate 8, is also slidably connected to the optical axis 7. The inner insert 21 fixed to the top of the lower sleeve 20 can be inserted into the outer insert 19, forming a telescopic fit structure. A first spring 22 is provided between the upper sleeve 18 and the lower sleeve 20, and the first spring 22 is located in the gap between the outer insert 19 and the inner insert 21. The top and bottom ends of the first spring 22 are fixed to the upper sleeve 18 and the lower sleeve 20, respectively. When the probe holder 9 descends, the upper sleeve 18 pushes the lower sleeve 20 downward through the first spring 22, causing the upper positioning plate 8 to press against the battery cell body 4. The elastic deformation of the first spring 22 can buffer the pressing force, achieving flexible clamping of the battery cell body 4, avoiding damage to the battery cell body 4 due to excessive clamping force, and accommodating slight dimensional deviations of the battery cell body 4.

[0028] like Figure 1 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, the clamping assembly includes a rear sliding column 28 and a first connecting rod 32. The rear sliding column 28 is symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the rear baffle 6. The surface of the base plate 1 is symmetrically provided with through rear sliding grooves 29, and the rear sliding column 28 slides in the rear sliding grooves 29. The bottom of the side baffle 5 is symmetrically fixedly connected with a side sliding column 30. The surface of the base plate 1 is symmetrically provided with multiple sets of through side sliding grooves 31, and the side sliding column 30 slides in the side sliding grooves 31. The top end of the first connecting rod 32 is rotatably arranged at the bottom end of the upper positioning plate 8 near the vertical plate 2, and the bottom end of the first connecting rod 32 is rotatably arranged on the top surface of the rear baffle 6. A rear slide plate 33 is provided below the rear baffle 6, and the rear slide plate 33 is fixedly connected to the rear slide column 28; a side slide plate 34 is provided below each side baffle 5, and the side slide plate 34 is fixedly connected to the side slide column 30; a guide rail 35 is fixedly connected to the side of the rear slide plate 33 away from the vertical plate 2, the guide rail 35 is V-shaped, and the surface of the guide rail 35 is symmetrically provided with through guide grooves 36; a guide rod 37 is fixedly connected to the opposite side of each of the two side slide plates 34, the two guide rods 37 are respectively located above and below the guide rail 35, the staggered arrangement of the guide rods 37 avoids their movement from interfering with each other, and a guide slide column 38 is fixedly connected to the end of each guide rod 37 near the guide rail 35, and the guide slide column 38 slides in the guide groove 36.

[0029] The movement of the clamping assembly is driven by the lifting and lowering of the probe holder 9. Through the linkage of multiple components, the clamping and expansion adaptation of the battery cell body 4 are achieved. The specific process is as follows: 1. Conventional clamping linkage (taking the clamping of the battery cell body 4 as an example) When the motor body 16 drives the probe holder 9 to descend, the probe holder 9 compresses the first spring 22 through the upper sleeve 18. The first spring 22 pushes the lower sleeve 20 downward, causing the upper positioning plate 8 to descend synchronously along the optical axis 7. The bottom end of the upper positioning plate 8 near the vertical plate 2 is rotatably connected to the top surface of the rear baffle 6 through the first connecting rod 32. The descending upper positioning plate 8 will push the rear baffle 6 through the first connecting rod 32, causing the rear sliding column 28 at the bottom of the rear baffle 6 to slide along the rear sliding groove 29 of the base plate 1 towards the direction of the battery cell body 4. The rear sliding plate 33 fixedly connected below the rear baffle 6 then slides the rear sliding column. 28 moves synchronously, and the guide rail 35 on the side of the rear slide plate 33 away from the upright plate 2 moves accordingly. The guide groove 36 on the surface of the guide rail 35 cooperates with the guide slide post 38 on the guide rod 37 of the side slide plate 34 to push the two side slide plates 34 to move towards each other along the side slide groove 31 of the bottom plate 1. The side slide post 30 fixedly connected to the top of the side slide plate 34 moves synchronously with the side slide plate 34, thereby driving the side baffle 5 to move closer to the battery cell body 4. Finally, the side baffle 5, the rear baffle 6 and the upper positioning plate 8 work together to complete the horizontal and vertical clamping and positioning of the battery cell body 4.

[0030] If the battery cell body 4 needs to be released, the motor body 16 drives the probe holder 9 to rise. The probe holder 9 pulls the first spring 22 through the upper sleeve 18. The first spring 22 pulls the lower sleeve 20 upward and drives the upper positioning plate 8 to rise along the optical axis 7. The rising upper positioning plate 8 pulls the rear baffle 6 away from the battery cell body 4 along the rear slide groove 29 through the first connecting rod 32. The rear slide plate 33 moves synchronously with the guide rail 35. The guide rail 35 pulls the side slide plate 34 to move in opposite directions through the guide groove 36 and the guide slide column 38. The side baffle 5 moves away from the battery cell body 4 along with the side slide plate 34, thus releasing the battery cell body 4.

[0031] 2. Cell body expansion adaptive response When the battery cell body 4 expands during charging and discharging, the expansion force will act on the clamping assembly from both horizontal and vertical directions: In the horizontal direction: the expanded cell body 4 pushes the rear baffle 6 and the side baffle 5 to move away from the cell body 4. The rear baffle 6 drives the rear sliding column 28 to slide along the rear sliding groove 29. The rear sliding plate 33 moves synchronously with the guide rail 35. The guide rail 35 drives the side sliding plate 34 to move in opposite directions through the guide groove 36 and the guide sliding column 38, providing a horizontal buffer space for the expansion of the cell body 4 and avoiding excessive compression of the cell body 4 by the side baffle 5 and the rear baffle 6. Vertically: The expanded cell body 4 pushes the upper positioning plate 8 to slide upward along the optical axis 7. The upper positioning plate 8 drives the lower sleeve 20 to compress the first spring 22. The elastic deformation of the first spring 22 can buffer the vertical pressure generated by the expansion of the cell body 4. At the same time, the upper positioning plate 8 pulls the rear baffle 6 slightly backward through the first connecting rod 32 to further release the expansion stress. Through dual adaptive adjustment in the horizontal and vertical directions, the stable clamping of the cell body 4 can be maintained, and damage to the clamp or the cell body 4 due to expansion can be avoided, ensuring continuous testing.

[0032] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, both ends of the probe holder 9 are provided with a through first sliding groove 23. A first slider 24 is slidably connected in the first sliding groove 23. The probe body 10 passes through the middle of the first slider 24 and is fixedly connected to the first slider 24. A second spring 25 is fixedly connected to the bottom of each first slider 24. The bottom end of the second spring 25 is fixedly connected to the probe body 10. A sleeve post 26 is fixedly connected to the opposite side of each of the two first sliders 24. A push rod 27 is slidably connected to the middle of the sleeve post 26. The bottom of the push rod 27 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the side baffle 5.

[0033] Part 4 Working principle: Both ends of the probe holder 9 are provided with a through first sliding groove 23, and a first slider 24 is slidably connected in the first sliding groove 23. The probe body 10 passes through the middle of the first slider 24 and is fixedly connected to the first slider 24, forming a synchronous linkage structure between the probe body 10 and the first slider 24.

[0034] During the clamping process of the battery cell body 4, when the two side baffles 5 are driven by the clamping components to move closer to each other to clamp the battery cell body 4, the side baffles 5 will drive the push rod 27 fixed on the top surface to move synchronously. The push rod 27 and the sleeve post 26 fixed on the opposite side of the first slider 24 will slide together. The push rod 27, which moves with the side baffles 5, will push the sleeve post 26 to move closer to each other synchronously. The sleeve post 26 will then drive the first slider 24 to slide along the first slide groove 23, and finally make the probe body 10 fixed with the first slider 24 move closer to each other. This allows the probe body 10 to automatically match and align with the position of the tab 11 on the top of the battery cell with the clamping action, without the need for manual adjustment of the probe body 10, thus ensuring the accuracy of the electrical connection.

[0035] Meanwhile, the bottom of the first slider 24 is fixedly connected to the second spring 25, and the bottom end of the second spring 25 is fixedly connected to the probe body 10. When the probe body 10 contacts the tab 11, the second spring 25 can buffer the pressure of the probe body 10 on the tab 11 through elastic deformation, so as to avoid excessive pressure and damage to the tab 11. When the cell body 4 expands during charging and discharging, the expanded cell body 4 will push the side baffle 5 to move adaptively. The side baffle 5 drives the first slider 24 and the probe body 10 to move synchronously through the push rod 27 and the sleeve 26, so that the probe body 10 can adaptively adjust its position with the movement of the side baffle 5, which greatly reduces the relative sliding between the probe body 10 and the tab 11, reduces the friction or squeezing damage to the tab 11 caused by the expansion of the cell, and further ensures the integrity of the tab 11 and the stability of the electrical connection during the test.

[0036] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 6 As shown, motor control switches 39 are fixedly connected to both sides of the mounting bracket 12. The motor control switches 39 are used to control the forward and reverse rotation of the motor body 16. A pressure sensor 40 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the base plate 1. The pressure sensor 40 is used to monitor the expansion force of the battery cell body 4. The core control board 13, motor control switches 39, pressure sensor 40 and motor body 16 are electrically connected. A support platform 41 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the base plate 1. The support platform 41 has a ring design. The support platform 41 provides space for the movement of the rear slide plate 33, side slide plate 34, guide rail 35 and guide rod 37.

[0037] Part 5 Working Principle: Both sides of the fixed frame 12 are fixedly connected to motor control switches 39. The motor control switches 39 can directly control the forward and reverse rotation of the motor body 16. When the forward motor control switch 39 is pressed, the motor body 16 rotates forward, driving the threaded rod 17 to rotate and pushing the probe frame 9 to descend; when the reverse motor control switch 39 is pressed, the motor body 16 reverses, driving the threaded rod 17 to rotate in the opposite direction and pulling the probe frame 9 to rise, thus realizing the manual and convenient control of the probe frame 9's lifting and lowering.

[0038] A pressure sensor 40 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the base plate 1. The pressure sensor 40 can monitor the expansion force generated by the battery cell body 4 during charging and discharging in real time, and convert the monitored pressure signal into an electrical signal and transmit it to the core control board 13. The core control board 13, the motor control switch 39, the pressure sensor 40 and the motor body 16 are electrically connected. After receiving the signal from the pressure sensor 40, the core control board 13 compares it with the preset pressure safety threshold: if the pressure exceeds the threshold, the core control board 13 will automatically control the motor body 16 to stop running to avoid excessive expansion of the battery cell body 4, which may cause damage to the fixture or test accidents; if the pressure is within the safe range, the current operating state of the motor body 16 will be maintained to ensure stable testing.

[0039] The core control board 13 is the control center of the fixture, and its main functions include: Motor control: The forward and reverse rotation of the motor body 16 is controlled by the motor control switch 39; Pressure monitoring: Receives signals from pressure sensor 40 and monitors the expansion force of the cell body 4 in real time; Alarm function: When the pressure sensor 40 detects an abnormal expansion force of the battery cell body 4, the MCU controls the alarm module to issue an alarm, reminding the operator to handle it in time; Signal processing: The signal from the pressure sensor 40 is amplified, filtered, and processed to improve the accuracy and reliability of the signal.

[0040] The program logic of the core control board 13 is as follows: a. Initialization: After the system is powered on, the MCU initializes all hardware modules, including the motor drive circuit, alarm module, etc.

[0041] b. Manual start detection: Real-time monitoring of the status of motor control switch 39. When motor control switch 39 is detected to be pressed, the motor body 16 is started and the start time is recorded.

[0042] c. Pressure monitoring and handling: (a) Read the signal from pressure sensor 40 at regular intervals.

[0043] (b) The read signal is digitized.

[0044] (c) Compare the processed pressure value with the preset safe pressure threshold.

[0045] d. Motor body 16 control: (a) If the pressure value is within the safe range, maintain the pressure stability according to the preset control mode and continue working.

[0046] (b) If the pressure value exceeds the safe range, the alarm module will be triggered immediately and the charging and discharging operation will be stopped automatically.

[0047] e. Alarms and Protection: (a) When the pressure exceeds the safety threshold, the MCU immediately activates the alarm module and issues an audible and visual alarm signal.

[0048] (b) If the pressure continues to rise and exceeds the emergency threshold, the MCU will execute an emergency stop procedure, cut off the power and lock the system.

[0049] The above program logic is implemented using modular programming to ensure the system's scalability and maintainability.

[0050] The working principle of this invention is as follows: First, place the battery cell body 4 tightly against the front baffle 3 on top of the base plate 1, and start the motor body 16. The motor body 16 can be controlled to rotate forward and backward by the motor control switch 39: Press the forward motor control switch 39, the motor body 16 drives the threaded rod 17 to rotate, and the threaded sleeve 15, which is threaded with the threaded rod 17, pushes the probe frame 9 down along the optical axis 7; Press the reverse motor control switch 39, the motor body 16 drives the threaded rod 17 to rotate in the opposite direction, pulling the probe frame 9 up, thereby achieving precise lifting and lowering control of the probe frame 9.

[0051] During the lifting and lowering of the probe holder 9, the upper sleeve 18 compresses or stretches the first spring 22, which transmits the force to the lower sleeve 20, thereby driving the upper positioning plate 8 to lift and lower synchronously along the optical axis 7. The upper positioning plate 8 is linked to the rear baffle 6 through the first connecting rod 32: when the upper positioning plate 8 descends, it pushes the rear baffle 6 to slide along the rear sliding groove 29 towards the battery cell body 4 via the rear sliding column 28; when the upper positioning plate 8 rises, it pulls the rear baffle 6 away from the battery cell body 4 along the rear sliding groove 29. As the rear baffle 6 moves, the rear sliding plate 33 fixed below it drives the V-shaped guide rail 35 to move synchronously. The guide rail 35 cooperates with the guide rod 37 on the side sliding plate 34 through the guide groove 36, driving the side sliding plate 34 to move towards or away from each other along the side sliding groove 31. The side sliding plate 34 then drives the side baffle 5 to move closer to or away from the battery cell body 4 through the side sliding rod 30, ultimately realizing the coordinated action of the side baffle 5, the rear baffle 6 and the upper positioning plate 8, completing the flexible clamping and positioning of the battery cell body 4 in the horizontal and vertical directions.

[0052] During the clamping process, the movement of the side baffle 5 will cause the push rod 27 fixed on the top surface to move synchronously. The push rod 27 slides and engages with the sleeve 26 on the first slider 24, pushing the sleeve 26 to drive the first slider 24 to slide along the first slide groove 23 of the probe holder 9, thereby causing the probe body 10 fixed to the first slider 24 to move synchronously, automatically matching and aligning with the tab 11 on the top of the cell body 4, and establishing an electrical connection for charge and discharge testing; at the same time, the second spring 25 at the bottom of the first slider 24 can buffer the pressure of the probe body 10 on the tab 11, avoiding damage to the tab 11.

[0053] During the charging and discharging test of the battery cell body 4, if the battery cell body 4 expands, the expansion force will push the rear baffle 6 and the side baffle 5 to move away from the battery cell body 4, providing buffer space for horizontal expansion. At the same time, it will push the upper positioning plate 8 to rise along the optical axis 7 and compress the first spring 22, buffering the vertical expansion pressure. The pressure sensor 40 on the bottom surface of the base plate 1 will monitor the expansion force of the battery cell body 4 in real time and transmit the signal to the core control board 13. The core control board 13 will compare the signal with the preset safety threshold. If the pressure exceeds the limit, it will control the motor body 16 to stop running to avoid damage to the fixture or the battery cell body 4. In addition, the annular support platform 41 provides movement space for components such as the rear slide plate 33 and the side slide plate 34 under the base plate 1, while stably supporting the entire fixture to ensure stable testing.

[0054] It should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This way of describing the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0055] The detailed descriptions listed above are merely specific descriptions of feasible implementation methods of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. All equivalent implementation methods or modifications made without departing from the spirit of the art of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A square battery cell charge / discharge test fixture based on motor drive, characterized in that, The test fixture includes a base plate (1), with a vertical plate (2) fixedly connected to the top of the base plate (1); a front baffle (3) is fixedly connected to the top of the end of the base plate (1) away from the vertical plate (2); a battery cell body (4) is placed on the top of the base plate (1) close to the front baffle (3); side baffles (5) are symmetrically provided on the top of the base plate (1); a rear baffle (6) is provided on the top of the base plate (1) between the battery cell body (4) and the vertical plate (2); an upper positioning plate (8) is provided above the base plate (1), and the bottom surface of the upper positioning plate (8) contacts the top surface of the battery cell body (4) for testing the battery cell body (4). The battery cell body (4) is positioned above a probe holder (9), and probe bodies (10) are installed at both ends of the probe holder (9). The top of the battery cell body (4) is symmetrically fixed with tabs (11), and the bottom of the probe body (10) contacts the top of the tabs (11). The upright plate (2) is connected to an adjustment component through a support frame (14). The adjustment component is used to control the lifting and lowering of the probe holder (9). The bottom of the front baffle (3) is provided with a clamping component, which is used to drive the side baffle (5), the rear baffle (6), and the upper positioning plate (8) to flexibly position the battery cell body (4).

2. The square battery cell charge / discharge test fixture based on motor drive according to claim 1, characterized in that, A fixing frame (12) is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the upright plate (2) by bolts, and a core control board (13) is fixedly connected inside the fixing frame (12); a support frame (14) is fixedly connected to the side of the fixing frame (12) away from the upright plate (2), and the adjustment component is installed below the support frame (14).

3. A square battery cell charge / discharge test fixture based on motor drive according to claim 2, characterized in that, The adjustment assembly includes a threaded sleeve (15), which is fixedly installed in the middle of the upper surface of the probe holder (9). The middle of the support frame (14) is fixedly connected to the motor body (16), and the output end of the motor body (16) is fixedly connected to a threaded rod (17). The threaded rod (17) is threadedly connected to the threaded sleeve (15).

4. A square battery cell charge / discharge test fixture based on motor drive according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top of the base plate (1) is symmetrically fixedly connected to the optical axis (7), and the upper positioning plate (8) is slidably connected to the optical axis (7); the probe holder (9) is symmetrically fixedly connected to the upper sleeve (18) on the side near the optical axis (7), and the upper sleeve (18) is slidably connected to the optical axis (7), and the bottom of the upper sleeve (18) is fixedly connected to the outer insert (19); the top of the upper positioning plate (8) is symmetrically fixedly connected to the lower sleeve (20), and the lower sleeve (20) is slidably connected to the optical axis (7); the top of the lower sleeve (20) is fixedly connected to the inner insert (21), and the inner insert (21) is inserted into the outer insert (19).

5. A square battery cell charge / discharge test fixture based on motor drive according to claim 4, characterized in that, The diameter of the outer wall of the inner tube (21) is smaller than the diameter of the inner wall of the outer tube (19). A first spring (22) is provided between the upper sleeve (18) and the lower sleeve (20). The first spring (22) is located between the outer tube (19) and the inner tube (21). The top end of the first spring (22) is fixedly connected to the upper sleeve (18), and the bottom end of the first spring (22) is fixedly connected to the lower sleeve (20).

6. A square battery cell charge / discharge test fixture based on motor drive according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping assembly includes a rear sliding column (28) and a first connecting rod (32). The rear sliding column (28) is symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the rear baffle (6). The surface of the base plate (1) is symmetrically provided with a through rear sliding groove (29). The rear sliding column (28) slides in the rear sliding groove (29). The bottom of the side baffle (5) is symmetrically fixedly connected with a side sliding column (30). The surface of the base plate (1) is symmetrically provided with multiple through side sliding grooves (31). The side sliding column (30) slides in the side sliding groove (31). The top end of the first connecting rod (32) is rotatably arranged at the bottom end of the upper positioning plate (8) near the vertical plate (2). The bottom end of the first connecting rod (32) is rotatably arranged on the top surface of the rear baffle (6).

7. A square battery cell charge / discharge test fixture based on motor drive according to claim 6, characterized in that, The rear baffle (6) is provided with a rear sliding plate (33) below it, and the rear sliding plate (33) is fixedly connected to the rear sliding column (28); the side baffles (5) are provided with side sliding plates (34) below them, and the side sliding plates (34) are fixedly connected to the side sliding columns (30).

8. A square battery cell charge / discharge test fixture based on motor drive according to claim 7, characterized in that, The rear slide plate (33) is fixedly connected to a guide rail (35) on the side away from the upright plate (2). The guide rail (35) is V-shaped and has a through guide groove (36) symmetrically opened on the surface of the guide rail (35). The two side slide plates (34) are fixedly connected to guide rods (37) on opposite sides. The two guide rods (37) are located above and below the guide rail (35) respectively. The guide rods (37) are fixedly connected to guide pins (38) at the end near the guide rail (35). The guide pins (38) slide in the guide groove (36).

9. A square battery cell charge / discharge test fixture based on motor drive according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both ends of the probe holder (9) are provided with a through first slide groove (23), and a first slider (24) is slidably connected in the first slide groove (23). The probe body (10) passes through the middle of the first slider (24) and is fixedly connected to the first slider (24). A second spring (25) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first slider (24), and the bottom end of the second spring (25) is fixedly connected to the probe body (10). A sleeve post (26) is fixedly connected to the opposite side of the two first sliders (24), and a push rod (27) is slidably connected to the middle of the sleeve post (26). The bottom of the push rod (27) is fixedly connected to the top surface of the side baffle (5).

10. A square battery cell charge / discharge test fixture based on motor drive according to claim 3, characterized in that, Both sides of the fixed frame (12) are fixedly connected to motor control switches (39), which are used to control the forward and reverse rotation of the motor body (16); the bottom surface of the base plate (1) is fixedly connected to a pressure sensor (40), which is used to monitor the expansion force of the battery cell body (4); the core control board (13), motor control switches (39), pressure sensor (40) and motor body (16) are electrically connected; the bottom surface of the base plate (1) is fixedly connected to a support platform (41), which is a ring structure.

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