Intelligent low-cost groundwater pollution treatment method and system

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of intelligent low-cost groundwater pollution treatment method and system, belong to groundwater pollution prevention and control technical field, method includes: obtaining the hydrogeological parameter of pollution area;Using field sampling analysis and numerical simulation results, the total amount of pollutants in pollution area is calculated;And based on hydrogeological parameter and total amount of pollutants, the environmental capacity of pollution area is calculated;Based on hydrogeological parameter, total amount of pollutants and environmental capacity, groundwater numerical model is established, the migration rule of pollutants under different groundwater artificial recharge is simulated, the best artificial recharge that meets downstream river water quality standard is determined;Real-time monitoring of groundwater recharge and groundwater discharge of pollution area water quality, and when water quality is over standard, the best artificial recharge is regulated, until water quality is up to standard.The present application makes full use of natural hydrological cycle and environmental capacity, realizes the low-cost, intelligent repair of contaminated groundwater, protects downstream river water quality safety, has remarkable economic and environmental benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of groundwater pollution prevention and control technology, and in particular to a smart, low-cost groundwater pollution treatment method and system. Background Technology

[0002] In the course of their production activities, enterprises or industrial parks along the river are experiencing increasingly serious groundwater pollution problems due to factors such as soil leaching, improper solid waste disposal, wastewater discharge, chemical leaks, and damage to sewage storage facilities. Groundwater, as a vital water resource, not only damages the ecological environment but also poses a potential threat to human health; therefore, the remediation of polluted groundwater is urgently needed. However, groundwater pollution remediation in riverside areas faces numerous challenges.

[0003] (1) High cost of traditional treatment methods: Physical remediation methods, such as extraction treatment, not only require high equipment purchase and installation costs in practical applications, but also often require long-term uninterrupted operation of pumping and treatment equipment due to the fluidity and complexity of groundwater, resulting in huge energy consumption. The treatment process also requires the consumption of a large amount of reagents and consumables, further increasing the remediation cost. For large-scale groundwater pollution areas, the cost of this method is often unbearable for enterprises and governments. Chemical remediation methods involve adding chemical agents to groundwater to degrade or fix pollutants through chemical reactions, which can quickly reduce the concentration of pollutants to a certain extent. However, the chemical agents used are expensive, and some agents may cause secondary pollution to the groundwater environment. In order to ensure that the chemical agents can be evenly distributed in the polluted area, complex injection and mixing operations are often required, which also increases the technical difficulty and cost of remediation.

[0004] (2) Environmental capacity is not fully utilized: Traditional methods only focus on pollutant removal and do not combine natural hydrological conditions such as river replenishment and aquifer dilution capacity to design treatment plans, resulting in overly stringent remediation standards. For example, some project cases require the remediation target value to reach the Class III limit of the Groundwater Quality Standard, which artificially increases the difficulty of treatment.

[0005] (3) Lack of dynamic control mechanism: Existing groundwater monitoring mostly adopts periodic sampling and analysis, which cannot respond to changes in pollution concentration in real time to adjust treatment measures, which can easily lead to waste of resources or incomplete treatment, thus causing secondary pollution to downstream rivers.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a low-cost groundwater pollution treatment method that utilizes natural hydrological cycles and combines intelligent regulation. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the problems existing in the prior art and provide an intelligent and low-cost treatment method that combines environmental capacity assessment and artificial regulation of aquifers, which is applicable to the treatment of groundwater pollution in riverside enterprises or industrial parks.

[0008] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: Firstly, a smart, low-cost groundwater pollution treatment method is provided, including the following steps: S1. Obtain hydrogeological parameters of the polluted area and clarify the hydrogeological conditions; S2. Using on-site sampling analysis and numerical simulation results, calculate the total amount of pollutants in the polluted area; and calculate the environmental capacity of the polluted area based on the hydrogeological parameters and the total amount of pollutants. S3. Based on the aforementioned hydrogeological parameters, total pollutant amount, and environmental capacity, establish a groundwater numerical model to simulate the pollutant migration pattern under different artificial groundwater recharge amounts, and determine the optimal artificial recharge amount to meet the downstream river water quality standards. S4. Monitor the water quality at the groundwater recharge and discharge points in the polluted area in real time, and adjust the optimal artificial recharge amount when the water quality exceeds the standard until the water quality meets the standard.

[0009] In some embodiments, obtaining the hydrogeological parameters of the polluted area includes: Real-time monitoring and analysis of surface water parameters in polluted areas, including water level, flow rate, flow velocity, and water quality; Determine the recharge and discharge relationship between surface water and groundwater in the polluted area; Based on the parameters and recharge-discharge relationship of the surface water, a dilution model is established in combination with the properties and concentrations of pollutants. The dilution model is used to evaluate the ability of surface water to dilute groundwater pollution.

[0010] In some embodiments, determining the recharge and discharge relationship between surface water and groundwater in the polluted area includes: By releasing specific tracers into surface water and tracking their migration paths in groundwater, the interaction patterns and intensity between surface water and groundwater can be determined.

[0011] In some embodiments, calculating the total amount of pollutants within the polluted area includes: Sampling points were arranged at a certain grid spacing within the contaminated area to collect soil and groundwater samples and determine the concentrations of various pollutants in them; A spatial model of the polluted area is constructed, and the pollutant concentration data obtained from sampling and analysis is imported into the model. The distribution of pollutants in the entire polluted area is estimated through a spatial interpolation algorithm. The total amount of pollutants is calculated based on the volume of the polluted area and the distribution of pollutant concentrations.

[0012] In some embodiments, the total amount of pollutants is calculated using the following formula: in, For the first i Zoned pollutant concentration in the plume For the first i Partition volume, ρ represents porosity, and ρ represents groundwater density.

[0013] In some embodiments, the calculation of the environmental capacity includes: An environmental capacity calculation model is established, with the constraint that it does not exceed the groundwater quality standard. By simulating and analyzing different scenarios, the maximum concentration of pollutants that a polluted area can accommodate is calculated.

[0014] In some embodiments, the maximum concentration of the pollutant is calculated by the following formula: in, For river flow, For surface water standard limits, This refers to groundwater discharge. This represents the background concentration of groundwater.

[0015] In some embodiments, step S3 specifically includes: A groundwater numerical model was established using MODFLOW, and solute transport was simulated using MT3DMS. The groundwater numerical model was calibrated and validated. Using a calibrated and validated groundwater numerical model, the diffusion and dilution of pollutants under different artificial groundwater recharge rates were simulated. Based on the simulation results, combined with environmental capacity and downstream river water quality standards, the optimal artificial replenishment amount was determined to effectively dilute polluted groundwater without causing downstream river surface water to exceed standards.

[0016] In some embodiments, adjusting the optimal artificial replenishment amount when water quality exceeds the standard includes: When the water quality at the groundwater recharge point exceeds the standard, reduce the amount of groundwater recharged. When the water quality at the groundwater discharge point exceeds the standard, the amount of groundwater recharge should be increased.

[0017] In some embodiments, the regulation method includes: A hydraulic structure with gates is installed in the downstream channel corresponding to the polluted area; the optimal artificial replenishment amount is calculated by the following formula: in, Indicates the permeability coefficient of riverbed sediments. Indicates the gate width. Indicates the effective penetration length. Indicates the surface water level upstream of the sluice gate. Indicates the groundwater level in the polluted area. Indicates the length of the seepage path. Indicates the actual opening degree of the gate. This indicates the maximum height of the gate.

[0018] Secondly, a smart, low-cost groundwater pollution treatment system is provided, including: The data acquisition module is used to acquire hydrogeological parameters of the polluted area and clarify the hydrogeological conditions. The total pollutant amount and environmental capacity calculation module is used to calculate the total amount of pollutants in the polluted area using on-site sampling analysis and numerical simulation results; and to calculate the environmental capacity of the polluted area based on the hydrogeological parameters and the total amount of pollutants. The artificial recharge calculation module is used to establish a groundwater numerical model based on the hydrogeological parameters, total pollutants and environmental capacity, simulate the pollutant migration pattern under different artificial groundwater recharge amounts, and determine the optimal artificial recharge amount to meet the water quality standards of downstream rivers. The artificial replenishment feedback and control module is used to monitor the water quality at the groundwater recharge and discharge points in the polluted area in real time, and to adjust the optimal artificial replenishment amount when the water quality exceeds the standard until the water quality meets the standard.

[0019] It should be further noted that the technical features corresponding to the above-mentioned options and embodiments can be combined or substituted with each other to form new technical solutions without conflict.

[0020] This invention proposes a "groundwater-surface water coupled environmental capacity" model, incorporating the allowable pollution carrying capacity of rivers into the calculation and dynamically adjusting the recharge of surface water to groundwater. Groundwater recharge is controlled through gated drainage structures, utilizing hydraulic gradients to naturally dilute pollutants. Based on a smart sensing system, pollutant concentrations are monitored in real time, and the recharge rate is optimized through groundwater numerical simulation, achieving automatic regulation of overflow structures and automating the entire process of "monitoring, simulation, decision-making, and execution." Compared with existing technologies, the specific beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. This invention calculates the environmental capacity of the polluted area itself, clarifies the reasonable target boundary for remediation, and avoids the huge investment required to achieve overly stringent standards (such as directly remediating to Class III water). At the same time, based on the optimal artificial replenishment amount determined by the groundwater numerical model simulation, it can achieve effective dilution and migration control of pollutants with the minimum water exchange volume (i.e., the lowest pumping or regulation energy consumption), which greatly reduces the energy consumption of equipment operation and the amount of reagents used, and realizes the intensification of treatment costs from the source.

[0021] 2. This invention provides a solid and detailed data foundation for the entire remediation decision-making process by real-time monitoring of surface water dynamics, precise characterization of the surface water-groundwater exchange relationship using tracers, and accurate calculation of total pollutant levels using gridded sampling and spatial models. This ensures that environmental capacity assessment, numerical simulation prediction, and remediation scheme design are all based on scientific analysis that highly replicates the actual site conditions, significantly improving the accuracy and success rate of remediation projects.

[0022] 3. This invention monitors the water quality at groundwater recharge and discharge points in polluted areas in real time, and dynamically adjusts the optimal artificial recharge amount when the water quality exceeds the standard, forming a real-time feedback closed loop. It also achieves refined control through hydraulic structures with gates and control formulas, ensuring that remediation measures are always dynamically matched with the pollution status, realizing dynamic optimization and intelligent control of the remediation process. This ensures that remediation measures are always dynamically matched with the pollution status, avoiding the risk of secondary pollution caused by insufficient remediation and preventing the waste of resources caused by over-remediation.

[0023] 4. This invention utilizes intelligent engineering methods (gates) to actively regulate and enhance the existing surface water infiltration and dilution process in nature. This mode of using natural hydrodynamics for in-situ dilution and migration control minimizes disturbance to the aquifer structure, avoids secondary pollution, and is a green remediation technology with minimal environmental disturbance and ecological friendliness. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a smart, low-cost groundwater pollution treatment method according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the monitoring system and hydraulic structures of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the workflow of an intelligent, low-cost groundwater pollution treatment system according to the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the opening and closing operation of the gate in the hydraulic structure according to the present invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of an intelligent monitoring system according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] It should be noted that the defects in the solutions in the prior art are all the results of the inventors' practice and careful research. Therefore, the discovery process of the above problems and the solutions proposed by the embodiments of this application in the following text should be the inventors' contributions to this application in the process of invention and creation, and should not be understood as technical content known to those skilled in the art.

[0027] This invention addresses groundwater pollution in a riverside chemical industrial park. It fully utilizes the environmental capacity of the polluted area by constructing hydraulic structures with gates at the near-shore river recharge point. This utilizes natural river replenishment to dilute the polluted groundwater. Monitoring points are set up at both the upstream and downstream groundwater discharge points, with water quality sensors deployed to monitor water quality in real time. When water quality at the upstream monitoring point exceeds standards, the intelligent control system automatically triggers, opening the gates to reduce the amount of surface water replenishing the groundwater. When water quality at the downstream monitoring point exceeds standards, the overflow weir gates automatically close, increasing the amount of river recharge to the groundwater. This effectively dilutes the polluted groundwater without exceeding environmental capacity limits. It achieves a scientific and rational solution to groundwater pollution without disrupting the ecological balance, thus unifying environmental and economic benefits.

[0028] In one exemplary embodiment, a smart, low-cost groundwater pollution treatment method is provided, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps: S1. Obtain hydrogeological parameters of the polluted area and clarify the hydrogeological conditions; S2. Using on-site sampling analysis and numerical simulation results, calculate the total amount of pollutants in the polluted area; and calculate the environmental capacity of the polluted area based on the hydrogeological parameters and the total amount of pollutants. S3. Based on the aforementioned hydrogeological parameters, total pollutant amount, and environmental capacity, establish a groundwater numerical model to simulate the pollutant migration pattern under different artificial groundwater recharge amounts, and determine the optimal artificial recharge amount to meet the downstream river water quality standards. S4. Monitor the water quality at the groundwater recharge and discharge points in the polluted area in real time, and adjust the optimal artificial recharge amount when the water quality exceeds the standard until the water quality meets the standard.

[0029] For example, in step S1, the hydrogeological conditions are clearly defined, and detailed hydrogeological parameters of the polluted area are obtained through various means such as geological exploration and hydrological monitoring. Specifically, this includes: 1) Conduct long-term real-time monitoring of surface water levels, flow rates, flow velocities, and water quality to understand their dynamic changes. Utilize monitoring equipment such as water level sensors and flow monitoring instruments to collect and analyze data periodically.

[0030] 2) Investigate the hydraulic connection between surface water and groundwater to determine their recharge and discharge relationship. A tracer experiment is used, in which specific tracers are released into surface water and their migration paths in groundwater are tracked to determine the interaction patterns and intensity between surface water and groundwater.

[0031] 3) Assess the dilution capacity of surface water bodies on contaminated groundwater. Based on the flow rate, water quality, and interaction with groundwater of surface water bodies, combined with the properties and concentration of pollutants, establish a dilution model. This model calculates the dilution effect of surface water bodies on contaminated groundwater under different conditions, providing fundamental data support for subsequent treatment plans.

[0032] For example, in step S2, the total amount of pollutants in the groundwater within the contaminated area and the corresponding environmental capacity are calculated, specifically including: 1) By combining on-site sampling analysis and numerical simulation methods, the total amount of pollutants in the contaminated area can be accurately calculated.

[0033] First, a dense sampling network was established, with sampling points arranged at specific grid intervals within the contaminated area to collect soil and groundwater samples. The collected samples were then analyzed in the laboratory to determine the concentrations of various pollutants.

[0034] Secondly, considering factors such as the topography and hydrogeological conditions of the polluted area, a spatial model of the polluted area is constructed using geographic information system technologies such as ArcGIS. Pollutant concentration data obtained from sampling analysis is imported into this model, and spatial interpolation algorithms are used to estimate the distribution of pollutants throughout the polluted area.

[0035] Then, based on the volume of the polluted area (determined by parameters such as aquifer thickness and area) and the pollutant concentration distribution, the total amount of pollutants is calculated. The distribution coefficients of pollutants in different media layers (soil, groundwater) are also considered to improve the accuracy of the calculation results.

[0036] Among them, among them, For the first i Pollutant concentration (mg / L) of the zonal plume. For the first i Partition volume (m 3 ), Porosity is ρ, and groundwater density is ρ (kg / m³). 3 ).

[0037] 2) Determine the environmental capacity of the polluted area based on the understanding of hydrogeological conditions and the calculation of pollutant quantities.

[0038] First, the physicochemical properties of the aquifer in the contaminated area, such as porosity, permeability, and adsorption capacity, are analyzed. These properties affect the migration and transformation of pollutants in groundwater. Accurate parameter values ​​are obtained through indoor experiments and field tests.

[0039] Secondly, based on the groundwater quality standards and functional requirements, and considering the hydrogeological conditions of the polluted area and the characteristics of the pollutants, an environmental capacity calculation model was established. This model calculates the maximum amount of pollutants the polluted area can accommodate, i.e., the environmental capacity, without exceeding the groundwater quality standards. Through simulation analysis of different scenarios, a reasonable environmental capacity value was determined, providing a basis for subsequent treatment scheme design.

[0040] Furthermore, based on the surface water-groundwater interaction flux, the maximum allowable mixing concentration for discharge into the river channel is calculated: Among them, Q river River flow (m³) 3 / d), C std The standard limit for surface water (mg / L), Q gw Groundwater discharge (m³) 3 / d), C gw,back This represents the background concentration of groundwater (mg / L).

[0041] For example, in step S3, groundwater numerical simulation and recharge determination are performed. By establishing an accurate groundwater numerical model, the flow of groundwater and the transport of pollutants are simulated to determine and optimize the artificial recharge of groundwater, as follows: A groundwater flow model was established using MODFLOW, with input parameters including aquifer permeability coefficient, porosity, pollutant concentration, and pollutant plume distribution. MT3DMS was used to simulate solute transport, taking into account the convection and dispersion of pollutants.

[0042] Based on previously acquired hydrogeological parameters, a three-dimensional numerical model of groundwater in the polluted area was constructed. The model includes boundary conditions such as aquifers, river access points, and impermeable boundaries, as well as initial water levels and initial pollutant concentrations. The model was calibrated and validated by comparing the simulation results with actual observed water level and water quality monitoring data, adjusting the model parameters to ensure it accurately reflects actual groundwater flow and pollutant transport.

[0043] Using a calibrated model, the diffusion and dilution of pollutants under different artificial recharge rates were simulated. A series of different recharge rate schemes were set up, and the changes in surface water quality in the downstream river channel and the distribution of pollutant concentration in groundwater within the polluted area were calculated for each scheme.

[0044] Based on simulation results, and considering environmental capacity and downstream river water quality standards, the optimal artificial recharge volume was determined to effectively dilute polluted groundwater without causing downstream surface water to exceed standards. Simultaneously, the artificial recharge scheme was optimized, taking into account factors such as recharge time, location, and method to improve treatment effectiveness and efficiency. Finally, the minimum artificial recharge volume Q required to meet downstream river water quality standards was determined. recharge .

[0045] For example, in step S4, water quality monitoring points are set up at the groundwater recharge point and the groundwater discharge point, respectively. The groundwater recharge point corresponds to the upstream monitoring point, and the groundwater discharge point corresponds to the downstream monitoring point. The hydraulic structure is located in the river channel downstream of the polluted groundwater area, adjacent to the key node where groundwater discharges into the river channel, ensuring that the gate control can directly affect the hydraulic connection between the polluted area and the river channel. The structure consists of a concrete dam wall, a gate that can be opened and closed vertically, a gate drive device, an automatic control system, and supporting monitoring equipment. The height of the dam wall is slightly higher than the normal water level of the river channel, and the gate is arranged along the width of the river channel (perpendicular to the riverbank). The gap (opening) between the gate and the bottom of the dam wall is changed by "lifting and lowering" the gate, thereby controlling the cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel that is intercepted.

[0046] Minimum artificial supply Q recharge Q is the flow rate of surface water seeping into groundwater through the riverbed, influenced by factors such as river level (controlled by sluice gate opening), permeability coefficient, and hydraulic gradient. This is derived from Darcy's law. recharge The calculation formula is as follows: Where k is the permeability coefficient of riverbed sediments (unit: m / d), reflecting the ability of surface water to permeate into groundwater. B is the gate width (unit: m). L is the effective infiltration length (unit: m), the length of the river channel upstream of the gate from which surface water can infiltrate and replenish groundwater, determined based on the extent of the contaminated area. h s为 The surface water level upstream of the gate (unit: m) is negatively correlated with the gate opening (the smaller h is, the stronger the gate's interception effect). s (Higher). h g为 The groundwater level in the contaminated area (unit: m) is monitored in real time by the water level gauges at the groundwater monitoring points in the contaminated area; L path is the seepage path length (unit: m), which is the vertical seepage distance from surface water to groundwater (determined by geological survey, usually taken as the riverbed thickness); h is the actual gate opening (unit: m); H is the maximum gate height (unit: m).

[0047] By controlling the gate opening, the surface water level hs and the effective recharge ratio are adjusted. This is used to regulate Q. recharge， The specific control strategy is as follows: When the downstream monitoring point exceeds the standard, the gate opening h decreases. ) increases, while h s Increase, hydraulic gradient Increase, eventually Q recharge Increase. For example, Figure 4 As shown on the left side of the middle section.

[0048] When the upstream monitoring point exceeds the standard, the gate opening h increases. ) decreases, h s Reduce, hydraulic gradient Decrease, Q recharge Decrease. For example... Figure 4 As shown on the right side of the middle section.

[0049] Furthermore, the above control strategies are implemented under the premise that the degree of groundwater pollution does not exceed the environmental capacity of the polluted area and its surroundings. When the degree of groundwater pollution is high, exceeding the environmental capacity of the polluted area and its surroundings, measures such as source control and extraction in heavily polluted areas are adopted to control the total amount of groundwater pollution. Specifically, a comprehensive investigation of the production activities of enterprises or industrial parks near rivers is conducted to identify potential sources of groundwater pollution. Corresponding prevention and control measures are then implemented for these sources, such as improving production processes to reduce wastewater discharge; strengthening the management of chemicals to prevent leaks; and constructing comprehensive wastewater treatment facilities to ensure that wastewater meets discharge standards. Through source control, the generation of pollutants and the amount entering groundwater are reduced.

[0050] In another exemplary embodiment, based on the same inventive concept as the method embodiment, a smart, low-cost groundwater pollution treatment system is provided, comprising: The data acquisition module is used to acquire hydrogeological parameters of the polluted area and clarify the hydrogeological conditions. The total pollutant amount and environmental capacity calculation module is used to calculate the total amount of pollutants in the polluted area using on-site sampling analysis and numerical simulation results; and to calculate the environmental capacity of the polluted area based on the hydrogeological parameters and the total amount of pollutants. The artificial recharge calculation module is used to establish a groundwater numerical model based on the hydrogeological parameters, total pollutants and environmental capacity, simulate the pollutant migration pattern under different artificial groundwater recharge amounts, and determine the optimal artificial recharge amount to meet the water quality standards of downstream rivers. The artificial replenishment feedback and control module is used to monitor the water quality at the groundwater recharge and discharge points in the polluted area in real time, and to adjust the optimal artificial replenishment amount when the water quality exceeds the standard until the water quality meets the standard.

[0051] Specifically, the system achieves intelligent monitoring deployment, intelligent control, and dynamic response, including, for example... Figure 2 As shown, the monitoring setup includes: Water quality sensors were deployed at the near-shore river water recharge point (monitoring point A) and the downstream groundwater discharge point into the river channel (monitoring point B) to monitor key indicators in real time. The monitoring data was transmitted to the monitoring center through a data acquisition system. By monitoring the data at the groundwater recharge and discharge points, the pollution treatment effect was evaluated, providing a basis for subsequent regulation and control.

[0052] The workflow of the system is as follows Figure 3 As shown, this process is the same as the method embodiment, and will not be described in detail here. Specifically, the intelligent control and dynamic response are as follows: Based on data obtained from the monitoring system, emergency adjustments are made to the gates of hydraulic structures to ensure treatment effectiveness and the safety of downstream river water quality.

[0053] ① When the monitoring system detects that the water quality of the influent or effluent exceeds the standard, or that the flow rate is abnormal, the system will promptly transmit the abnormal information to the control system. The control system will then automatically determine whether the gate needs to be adjusted based on preset rules and algorithms.

[0054] ② If the influent water quality exceeds the standard, it indicates that the surface water body itself may be polluted. In this case, the control system will automatically increase the gate opening to reduce the amount of polluted surface water entering the polluted area. If the effluent water quality exceeds the standard, it indicates that the current treatment plan has failed to effectively reduce the pollutant concentration. The control system will automatically close or reduce the gate opening and increase the surface water recharge to enhance the dilution of the polluted groundwater.

[0055] ③ During emergency control, the control system will monitor changes in water quality and flow in real time, adjust numerical model parameters, recalculate dynamic replenishment, and dynamically adjust the gate opening according to the actual situation until the water quality of the influent and effluent meets the standards, ensuring that groundwater pollution is effectively treated and protecting the water quality safety of downstream rivers.

[0056] Furthermore, an intelligent monitoring system such as Figure 5 As shown in the figure, numbers 1 and 3 form the intelligent control system for gate opening and closing; numbers 2 and 4 form the intelligent monitoring data analysis system, which is used to execute the above-mentioned method steps; numbers 5 and 6 form the intelligent monitoring system early warning system, which provides early warning when water quality exceeds the standard; numbers 7 and 8 represent hydraulic structures with gates; number 9 represents the monitoring system sampler, which is used to sample water quality; and number 10 represents the online detection system, which is used to receive samples from the sampler and perform detection and analysis.

[0057] Based on the above methods and systems, the specific application of the present invention will be illustrated using a riverside chemical industrial park as an example.

[0058] By constructing groundwater environmental monitoring wells, groundwater samples were collected and analyzed to obtain the concentration of groundwater pollutants (arsenic concentration: 0.129 mg / L, exceeding the Class IV groundwater standard limit of 0.05 mg / L), and the pollution plume range of the target pollutant arsenic was determined; the aquifer permeability coefficient was obtained through pumping tests and seepage tests. A groundwater flow model was constructed using MODFLOW to simulate pollutant migration under different recharge rates, and the safe recharge rate (minimum artificial recharge rate) was determined to be 200 m³ / d. An overflow weir with an electric gate was built in the upstream river channel, and online monitoring points and water quality sensing systems were set up at both the surface water recharge point and the groundwater discharge point.

[0059] When the arsenic concentration at monitoring point A exceeds the Class III limit of the surface water standard, the gate will automatically open, reducing the safe recharge of surface water to groundwater to 100 m³ / d. The water quality will meet the standard after 24 hours. When the arsenic concentration at monitoring point B exceeds the Class III limit of the surface water standard, the gate will automatically close, increasing the safe recharge of surface water to groundwater to 300 m³ / d, thus increasing the interaction between surface water and groundwater. The water quality will meet the standard after 24 hours.

[0060] The above detailed embodiments are a description of the present invention. It should not be considered that the specific embodiments of the present invention are limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art, several simple deductions and substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and all of these should be considered to fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A smart, low-cost groundwater pollution treatment method, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Obtain hydrogeological parameters of the polluted area and clarify the hydrogeological conditions; S2. Calculate the total amount of pollutants in the contaminated area using on-site sampling analysis and numerical simulation results; The environmental capacity of the polluted area is calculated based on the aforementioned hydrogeological parameters and total pollutant content. S3. Based on the aforementioned hydrogeological parameters, total pollutant amount, and environmental capacity, establish a groundwater numerical model to simulate the pollutant migration pattern under different artificial groundwater recharge amounts, and determine the optimal artificial recharge amount to meet the downstream river water quality standards. Step S3 specifically includes: A groundwater numerical model was established using MODFLOW, and solute transport was simulated using MT3DMS. The groundwater numerical model was calibrated and validated. Using a calibrated and validated groundwater numerical model, the diffusion and dilution of pollutants under different artificial groundwater recharge rates were simulated. Based on the simulation results, combined with environmental capacity and downstream river water quality standards, the optimal artificial recharge amount was determined to effectively dilute polluted groundwater without causing the surface water of downstream rivers to exceed the standards. S4. Monitor the water quality at the groundwater recharge and discharge points in the polluted area in real time, and adjust the optimal artificial recharge amount when the water quality exceeds the standard until the water quality meets the standard; The method of adjusting the optimal artificial replenishment amount when water quality exceeds the standard includes: When the water quality at the groundwater recharge point exceeds the standard, reduce the amount of groundwater recharged. When the water quality at the groundwater discharge point exceeds the standard, increase the amount of groundwater recharge; The methods of regulation include: A hydraulic structure with gates is installed in the downstream channel corresponding to the polluted area; the optimal artificial replenishment amount is calculated by the following formula: ,in, Indicates the permeability coefficient of riverbed sediments. Indicates the gate width. Indicates the effective penetration length. Indicates the surface water level upstream of the sluice gate. Indicates the groundwater level in the polluted area. Indicates the length of the seepage path. Indicates the actual opening degree of the gate. This indicates the maximum height of the gate.

2. The intelligent, low-cost groundwater pollution treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The acquisition of hydrogeological parameters of the polluted area includes: Real-time monitoring and analysis of surface water parameters in polluted areas, including water level, flow rate, flow velocity, and water quality; Determine the recharge and discharge relationship between surface water and groundwater in the polluted area; Based on the parameters and recharge-discharge relationship of the surface water, a dilution model is established in combination with the properties and concentrations of pollutants. The dilution model is used to evaluate the ability of surface water to dilute groundwater pollution.

3. The intelligent, low-cost groundwater pollution treatment method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Determining the recharge and discharge relationship between surface water and groundwater in the polluted area includes: By releasing specific tracers into surface water and tracking their migration paths in groundwater, the interaction patterns and intensity between surface water and groundwater can be determined.

4. The intelligent, low-cost groundwater pollution treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calculation of the total amount of pollutants within the polluted area includes: Sampling points were arranged at a certain grid spacing within the contaminated area to collect soil and groundwater samples and determine the concentrations of various pollutants in them; A spatial model of the polluted area is constructed, and the pollutant concentration data obtained from sampling and analysis is imported into the model. The distribution of pollutants in the entire polluted area is estimated through a spatial interpolation algorithm. The total amount of pollutants is calculated based on the volume of the polluted area and the distribution of pollutant concentrations.

5. The intelligent, low-cost groundwater pollution treatment method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The total amount of pollutants is calculated using the following formula: ,in, For the first i Zoned pollutant concentration in the plume For the first i Partition volume, ρ represents porosity, and ρ represents groundwater density.

6. The intelligent, low-cost groundwater pollution treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calculation of the environmental capacity includes: An environmental capacity calculation model is established, with the constraint that it does not exceed the groundwater quality standard. By simulating and analyzing different scenarios, the maximum concentration of pollutants that a polluted area can accommodate is calculated.

7. The intelligent, low-cost groundwater pollution treatment method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The maximum concentration of the pollutant is calculated using the following formula: ,in, For river flow, For surface water standard limits, This refers to groundwater discharge. This represents the background concentration of groundwater.

8. A smart, low-cost groundwater pollution treatment system, characterized in that, include: The data acquisition module is used to acquire hydrogeological parameters of the polluted area and clarify the hydrogeological conditions. The total pollutant and environmental capacity calculation module is used to calculate the total amount of pollutants in the polluted area by using on-site sampling analysis and numerical simulation results. The environmental capacity of the polluted area is calculated based on the aforementioned hydrogeological parameters and total pollutant content. The artificial recharge calculation module is used to establish a groundwater numerical model based on the aforementioned hydrogeological parameters, total pollutant content, and environmental capacity. This model simulates pollutant migration patterns under different artificial groundwater recharge rates to determine the optimal artificial recharge rate to meet downstream river water quality standards. The establishment of the groundwater numerical model based on the aforementioned hydrogeological parameters, total pollutant content, and environmental capacity specifically includes: A groundwater numerical model was established using MODFLOW, and solute transport was simulated using MT3DMS. The groundwater numerical model was calibrated and validated. Using a calibrated and validated groundwater numerical model, the diffusion and dilution of pollutants under different artificial groundwater recharge rates were simulated. Based on the simulation results, combined with environmental capacity and downstream river water quality standards, the optimal artificial recharge amount was determined to effectively dilute polluted groundwater without causing the surface water of downstream rivers to exceed the standards. The artificial replenishment feedback and control module is used to monitor the water quality at the groundwater recharge point and groundwater discharge point in the polluted area in real time, and to adjust the optimal artificial replenishment amount when the water quality exceeds the standard until the water quality meets the standard. The method of adjusting the optimal artificial replenishment amount when water quality exceeds the standard includes: When the water quality at the groundwater recharge point exceeds the standard, reduce the amount of groundwater recharged. When the water quality at the groundwater discharge point exceeds the standard, increase the amount of groundwater recharge; The methods of regulation include: A hydraulic structure with gates is installed in the downstream channel corresponding to the polluted area; the optimal artificial replenishment amount is calculated by the following formula: ,in, Indicates the permeability coefficient of riverbed sediments. Indicates the gate width. Indicates the effective penetration length. Indicates the surface water level upstream of the sluice gate. Indicates the groundwater level in the polluted area. Indicates the length of the seepage path. Indicates the actual opening degree of the gate. This indicates the maximum height of the gate.

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