Method for realizing sand fixation and green recovery of desert by using industrial solid waste

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of desert control, in particular to a method for realizing desert sand fixation and green recovery by using industrial solid waste, which comprises the following steps: S1, preparing a plant growth environment bag: paving a charcoal layer in an ecological bag, then paving a plurality of composite substrate layers, paving a non-woven fabric layer on the top of the uppermost composite substrate layer, and paving a non-woven fabric layer on the top of the uppermost composite substrate layer; laying a seed mixture layer on the top of the non-woven fabric layer; s2, unit division: dividing units on the desert area to be repaired, and excavating each unit to form a pit; a groove is excavated between every two adjacent units; s3, arranging plant growth environment bags: placing a plurality of plant growth environment bags in pits formed by digging each unit; s4, grooves between adjacent units are filled, specifically, a non-woven fabric layer, a charcoal layer and a plurality of composite substrate layers are sequentially laid in the grooves, the non-woven fabric layer is laid on the top of the uppermost composite substrate layer, and a seed mixture layer is laid on the top of the non-woven fabric layer; s5, cultivating and maintaining the drought-enduring plants.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of desertification control technology, and in particular to a method for achieving desertification and revegetation using industrial solid waste. Background Technology

[0002] Desertification is a global ecological problem that seriously threatens the ecological environment and human survival. Traditional desertification control methods are costly, have limited effectiveness, and are difficult to sustain in the long term.

[0003] Phosphogypsum is a solid waste produced by the phosphate chemical industry. It is weakly acidic and rich in elements such as calcium and sulfur, which can improve soil structure. However, its use alone may lead to soil acidification. Red mud is waste residue produced by the aluminum industry. It is acidic and rich in elements such as iron and aluminum. It can neutralize soil acidity, but its use alone may lead to soil alkalization.

[0004] For desertification control, existing technologies, such as the patent application CN1373260A, describe a new process for gypsum-based sand fixation, desertification control, greening, and beautification in desert areas. This process involves using hemihydrate or anhydrous gypsum in desert regions. A certain amount of gypsum powder is sprinkled onto sand dunes after rain or artificial water spraying. Then, using a toothed tool or toothed machinery, the gypsum powder is mixed with sand grains containing a certain amount of moisture. Utilizing the gypsum hydration mechanism, a gypsum-sand mixture shell forms on the dune surface in a short time. This shell is then manufactured... At the same time, according to the shape of the sand dunes, grid-like or strip-like ridges are artificially constructed. Pedestrian passages and drainage ditches can also be built within a certain range of the ridges, or ground ridges made of sand dune contour lines can be constructed to allow rainwater to flow into the ridges. The water seepage holes in the plastic film allow water to permeate through the permeable holes of the ridges to form a moisture-retaining layer in the lower part of the cover layer. Trees and grasses are planted in the holes, providing a water supply and water retention layer for the plants. This achieves the goal of fixing sand, planting grass and trees, fixing sand, greening and beautifying, and preventing sandstorms and desertification, thus addressing both the symptoms and the root causes.

[0005] However, the existing technologies described above have the following problems: mixing gypsum powder with sand containing a certain amount of moisture and utilizing the gypsum hydration mechanism to form a gypsum-sand mixture shell on the dune surface in a short period of time is not suitable for plant growth, and the ecological restoration effect is not significant. How to effectively utilize industrial solid waste to achieve desert sand fixation and revegetation has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The main objective of this invention is to propose a method for desertification control and greening using industrial solid waste, thereby solving the problem of desertification control and realizing the resource utilization of industrial solid waste.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this invention proposes a method for desert sand fixation and revegetation using industrial solid waste, comprising the following steps: S1. Preparation of plant growth environment package: A charcoal layer is laid at the bottom of the ecological bag; multiple composite matrix layers are laid above the charcoal layer; a non-woven fabric layer is laid on top of the top composite matrix layer; and a seed mixture layer is laid on top of the non-woven fabric layer. S2. Unit division: Delineate units on the desert area to be restored, and excavate each unit to form a pit; excavate trenches between two adjacent units; S3. Arrange the plant growth environment packages: Place the multiple plant growth environment packages prepared in step S1 into the pits formed by the excavation of each unit. S4. Fill the trench between adjacent units: First, lay a non-woven fabric layer at the bottom of the trench, then lay a charcoal layer on top of the non-woven fabric layer, then lay multiple composite matrix layers on top of the charcoal layer, lay a non-woven fabric layer on top of the top composite matrix layer, and lay a seed mixture layer on top of the non-woven fabric layer. S5. Cultivation and maintenance of drought-resistant plants.

[0008] Preferably, the composite matrix layer comprises, from bottom to top, a desert sand layer, a phosphogypsum layer, and a red mud layer.

[0009] Preferably, the thickness of the charcoal layer does not exceed 5cm; the thickness of the desert sand layer does not exceed 10cm; the thickness of the phosphogypsum layer does not exceed 5cm; the thickness of the red mud does not exceed 5cm; and the distance between the top surface of the charcoal layer and the bottom surface of the non-woven fabric layer in each plant growth environment package is 50-60cm.

[0010] Preferably, the seed mixture layer is made of desert sand, phosphogypsum, red mud, and drought-resistant plant seeds.

[0011] Preferably, in the seed mixture layer, the mass ratio of desert sand, phosphogypsum, and red mud is 6:2:2; drought-resistant plant seeds are uniformly mixed in.

[0012] Preferably, the drought-resistant plant seeds are one or more of Haloxylon ammodendron, Hippophae rhamnoides, and Tamarix chinensis.

[0013] Preferably, in step S2, each unit has an area of ​​1 hectare; the depth of the pit excavated downward in each unit is 50-80cm; the cross-section of the trench excavated between two adjacent units is an inverted trapezoid, and the width of the opening of the trench is 1m.

[0014] Preferably, in step S3, when arranging the plant growth environment package in the recess of each unit, it is arranged from the center of the unit outwards, with a higher arrangement density in the central area and a lower arrangement density in the edge area; and the plant growth environment package is tilted towards the center.

[0015] Preferably, in step S3, the angle at which the plant growth environment package is tilted toward the center is 5° to 10°.

[0016] Preferably, in step S5, the method for cultivating and maintaining drought-resistant plants is as follows: after arranging the plant growth environment packages in step S3, water each plant growth environment package with 10L of water to help it establish roots; for the next three months, water once every two weeks, with each plant growth environment package receiving 5L of water each time; after three months, water once a month, with each plant growth environment package receiving 10L of water each time; regularly check the seed cultivation and growth, and promptly replant and prevent and control pests and diseases.

[0017] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) By constructing plant growth environment packages and delineating units in the desert areas to be restored, and rationally arranging plant growth environment packages in each unit, the desert soil structure was effectively improved, the growth of drought-resistant plants was promoted, and desert sand fixation and revegetation were achieved. At the same time, industrial solid waste phosphogypsum and red mud were used as improvement materials to realize the recycling of resources and reduce the cost of treatment.

[0018] (2) By rationally arranging plant growth environment packages, the water and fertilizer retention capacity of desert soil can be improved, and plant growth can be promoted.

[0019] (3) The method provided by this invention improves the survival rate and growth quality of plants, and realizes the sand fixation and greening of the desert.

[0020] (4) The raw materials used in this invention are widely available, inexpensive, and easy to construct and promote on a large scale. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the plant growth environment package in this invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the plant growth environment package arranged in each unit in this invention; Figure 3 This is a plan view showing the arrangement of plant growth environment packages within each unit in this invention; Figure 4 A cross-sectional view showing the filling of the groove between two adjacent units in this invention.

[0023] The following are the labeling instructions: 1. Ecological bag; 2. Charcoal layer; 10. Composite substrate layer; 3. Desert sand layer; 4. Phosphogypsum layer; 5. Red mud layer; 6. Non-woven fabric layer; 7. Seed mixture layer; 8. Trench; 100. Plant growth environment package. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0026] Combination Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a method for achieving desert sand fixation and revegetation using industrial solid waste includes the following steps: S1. Preparation of plant growth environment package 100: A charcoal layer 2 is laid at the bottom of the ecological bag 1; multiple composite matrix layers 10 are laid above the charcoal layer 2; a non-woven fabric layer 6 is laid on top of the top composite matrix layer 10; and a seed mixture layer 7 is laid on top of the non-woven fabric layer 6. S2, Unit Division: Delineate units on the desert area to be restored, and excavate each unit to form a pit; excavate trenches between two adjacent units; S3. Arrange the plant growth environment package 100: Place the multiple plant growth environment packages 100 prepared in step S1 into the pits formed by the excavation of each unit. S4. Fill the trench 8 between adjacent units: First, lay a non-woven fabric layer 6 at the bottom of the trench 8, then lay a charcoal layer 2 on top of the non-woven fabric layer 6, then lay multiple composite matrix layers 10 on top of the charcoal layer 2, lay a non-woven fabric layer 6 on top of the top composite matrix layer 10, and lay a seed mixture layer 7 on top of the non-woven fabric layer 6.

[0027] S5. Cultivation and maintenance of drought-resistant plants.

[0028] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 4As shown, the composite matrix layer 10 includes a desert sand layer 3, a phosphogypsum layer 4, and a red mud layer 5 from bottom to top. In step S1, the steps for preparing the plant growth environment package 100 are as follows: a 5cm thick charcoal layer 2 is laid at the bottom of the ecological bag 1; a 10cm thick desert sand layer 3 is laid on the charcoal layer 2; a 5cm thick phosphogypsum layer 4 is laid on the desert sand layer 3; and a 5cm thick red mud layer 5 is laid on the phosphogypsum layer 4. The desert sand layer 3, phosphogypsum layer 4, and red mud layer 5 together form the composite matrix layer 10. The composite matrix layer 10 is repeated two to three times to form a multi-layered composite plant growth environment with a total thickness controlled at 50-60cm within the plant growth environment package 100. That is, the distance between the top surface of the charcoal layer 2 and the bottom surface of the non-woven fabric layer 6 within each plant growth environment package 100 is controlled between 50-60cm.

[0029] In this embodiment, the seed mixture layer 7 is composed of desert sand, phosphogypsum, red mud, and drought-resistant plant seeds. Specifically, in the seed mixture layer 7, the mass ratio of desert sand, phosphogypsum, and red mud is 6:2:2; the drought-resistant plant seeds are uniformly mixed in. The drought-resistant plant seeds are one or more of Haloxylon ammodendron, Hippophae rhamnoides, and Tamarix chinensis.

[0030] In step S2, each unit has an area of ​​1 hectare. For ease of division, each unit can be a 100m×100m square unit. The depth of the pit excavated in each unit is 50~80cm. The cross-section of the trench 8 excavated between two adjacent units is an inverted trapezoid, and the width of the opening of the trench 8 is 1m.

[0031] In step S3, when the plant growth environment package 100 is arranged in the pit of each unit, it is arranged from the center of the unit outwards, with a higher arrangement density in the central area and a lower arrangement density in the edge area; and the plant growth environment package 100 is tilted 5°~10° towards the center to facilitate the collection of water and nutrients in the central area.

[0032] Combination Figure 4 As shown in the figure, A and B represent two adjacent units. The trench 8 formed by excavating between unit A and unit B is filled. The specific filling method is as follows: a 5cm thick charcoal layer 2 is laid at the bottom of the trench 8; a desert sand layer 3, a phosphogypsum layer 4, and a red mud layer 5 are laid sequentially on the charcoal layer 2; the desert sand layer 3, the phosphogypsum layer 4, and the red mud layer 5 together form the composite matrix layer 10, and the composite matrix layer 10 is repeated two to three times; a non-woven fabric layer 6 is laid on top of the uppermost composite matrix layer 10, and a seed mixture layer 7 is laid on top of the non-woven fabric layer 6.

[0033] In step S5, the method for cultivating and maintaining drought-resistant plants is as follows: After arranging the plant growth environment package 100 in step S3, water each plant growth environment package 100 with 10L of water to help it settle; for the next three months, water once every two weeks, with each plant growth environment package 100 receiving 5L of water each time; after three months, water once a month, with each plant growth environment package 100 receiving 10L of water each time; regularly check the seed cultivation and growth, and replant and prevent and control diseases and pests in a timely manner.

[0034] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present invention's specification and drawings under the inventive concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for realizing desert sand-fixing and greenery by using industrial solid waste, characterized in that the steps of include: S1. Preparation of plant growth environment package (100): A charcoal layer (2) is laid at the bottom of the ecological bag (1); multiple composite matrix layers (10) are laid above the charcoal layer (2); a non-woven fabric layer (6) is laid on top of the uppermost composite matrix layer (10); and a seed mixture layer (7) is laid on top of the non-woven fabric layer (6). S2, Unit division: Delineate units on the desert area to be restored, and excavate each unit to form a pit; excavate trenches between two adjacent units (8). S3, Arrange the plant growth environment package (100): Place the multiple plant growth environment packages (100) prepared in step S1 into the pits formed by excavation in each unit; S4. Fill the trench (8) between adjacent units: First, lay a non-woven fabric layer (6) at the bottom of the trench (8), then lay a charcoal layer (2) on the top of the non-woven fabric layer (6), then lay multiple composite matrix layers (10) on the top of the charcoal layer (2), lay a non-woven fabric layer (6) on the top of the top composite matrix layer (10), and lay a seed mixture layer (7) on the top of the non-woven fabric layer (6). S5. Cultivation and maintenance of drought-resistant plants.

2. The method for realizing sand fixation and greening of desert by using industrial solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composite matrix layer (10) includes, from bottom to top, a desert sand layer (3), a phosphogypsum layer (4), and a red mud layer (5).

3. The method for achieving desert sand fixation and revegetation using industrial solid waste as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The thickness of the charcoal layer (2) is no more than 5 cm; the thickness of the desert sand layer (3) is no more than 10 cm; the thickness of the phosphogypsum layer (4) is no more than 5 cm; the thickness of the red mud (5) is no more than 5 cm; the distance between the top surface of the charcoal layer (2) and the bottom surface of the nonwoven fabric layer (6) in each plant growth environment package (100) is 50-60 cm.

4. The method for realizing sand fixation and greening of desert by using industrial solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, The seed mixture layer (7) is made of desert sand, phosphogypsum, red mud and drought-resistant plant seeds.

5. The method for realizing sand-fixing and re-greening in desert by using industrial solid waste according to claim 4, characterized in that, In the seed mixture layer (7), the mass ratio of desert sand, phosphogypsum, and red mud is 6:2:2; drought-resistant plant seeds are evenly mixed in.

6. The method for realizing sand-fixing and re-greening in desert by using industrial solid waste according to claim 4, characterized in that, The drought-resistant plant seeds are one or more of the following: Haloxylon ammodendron, Hippophae rhamnoides, and Tamarix chinensis.

7. The method for realizing sand-fixing and re-greening in desert by using industrial solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, each unit has an area of ​​1 hectare; the pit excavated downwards in each unit is 50-80cm deep; the cross-section of the trench (8) excavated between two adjacent units is an inverted trapezoid, and the opening width of the trench (8) is 1m.

8. The method for realizing sand-fixing and greening in desert by using industrial solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, when arranging the plant growth environment package (100) in the pit of each unit, it is arranged from the center of the unit outwards, with a higher arrangement density in the central area and a lower arrangement density in the edge area; and the plant growth environment package (100) is tilted towards the center.

9. The method for realizing sand-fixing and re-greening in desert by using industrial solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the plant growth environment package (100) is tilted towards the center at an angle of 5° to 10°.

10. The method for realizing sand-fixing and re-greening in desert by using industrial solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, the method for cultivating and maintaining drought-resistant plants is as follows: After the plant growth environment package (100) is arranged in step S3, 10L of water is poured into each plant growth environment package (100) to help it settle its roots; for the next three months, watering is done once every two weeks, with each plant growth environment package (100) receiving 5L of water each time; after three months, watering is done once a month, with each plant growth environment package (100) receiving 10L of water each time; the seed cultivation and growth are checked regularly, and timely replanting and prevention and control of diseases and pests are carried out.

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