Vine plant fertilization method

Abstract

The invention relates to a vine plant fertilization method, which comprises a water storage pond, a fertilizer channel, vines and a drainage pond, and is characterized in that the water storage pond is connected with the fertilizer channel at a high position through a channel opening, the fertilizer channel accommodates the roots of the vines through a channel, and the fertilizer channel is connected with the drainage pond at a high position through a channel opening. The method has the effect that the advantages (soilless culture and seawater planting) of aquatic plants are superposed on required pure terrestrial crops by decomposing fallen vine leaves through microorganisms on a field. The method has the advantages that fertilization is simple, excessive fertilization is avoided, land is not prone to salinization, and long-term planting can be achieved on the land; wind blowing and sand blowing are prevented; water sources and fertilizers are purified; the fertilizer is solid and is continuously decomposed on the ground surface, so that most of the fertilizer cannot be washed away or dissolved to the deep underground position due to rainwater. The disadvantage is that harvesting is disturbed; part of crop sunlight can be shielded; different fertilizers are difficult to apply to specific plants, such as acidic and alkaline soil, due to the fact that vines preferentially absorb nutrients needed by the vines.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural fertilizer technology, specifically relating to organic fertilizer. Background Technology

[0002] Aquatic vines absorb fertilizer from irrigation channels, allowing leaves to fall at appropriate times while retaining the stems. The aquatic nature of the vines prevents them from spreading seeds on land. Aquatic plants offer advantages such as easy fertilization, irrigation with river water, minimal or no soil salinization, and optimal nutrient concentration for growth—advantages that should also be considered part of hydroponics. However, hydroponics requires high-quality plants. Rather than cultivating multiple hydroponically suitable varieties, it's more efficient to cultivate a single aquatic vine, allowing most terrestrial plants to absorb nutrients from its fallen leaves. The vines act as a filter, potentially filtering harmful substances from the river water. If the dry nutrient mass from the leaves exceeds the dry nutrient mass from the harvested crop, soil fertility will increase over time. Aquatic vines, with their advantages of multiple leaf falls throughout the year, leaf growth alone, optimal growth concentration, no need to grow from seed, and year-round absorption of vast amounts of nutrients from rivers, should produce a significant amount of dry nutrient.

[0003] Possible application scope: Most fruit trees, and some leafy vegetables.

[0004] Advantages: Simple fertilization with no risk of over-fertilization; less prone to soil salinization, allowing for long-term cultivation; prevents windblown sand; purifies water and fertilizer; fertilizer is solid and decomposes continuously on the surface, preventing it from being washed away or dissolved deep in the soil by rain, thus preventing compaction. Disadvantages: May interfere with harvesting; may block sunlight for some crops; difficult to apply different fertilizers to specific plants, such as in acidic or alkaline soils, as vines prioritize absorbing nutrients they need. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Water storage tank (1): The highest point of water level, mainly storing rainwater, which can be sourced from rivers. Function: Water source input for fertilizer channels.

[0006] Fertilizer ditch (2): First, dig two circular trenches on both sides, and raise the sides of the circular trench opening with the excavated soil (to prevent the leaves from being blown into the water by strong winds). If it is not enough, dig some soil in the middle, flatten it, sprinkle lime to prevent plant roots from piercing it, and pour cement (cement that can be soaked in water for a long time). Then dig out the soil in the middle, flatten it, sprinkle lime, and pour cement. It is not necessary to lay a seepage-proof membrane to replace cement because the roots of the vines may generate a certain amount of pressure in the horizontal direction, which may pierce the seepage-proof membrane, while cement can be used for a long time. Dig the ditch according to the contour lines in the hills. If the vines can grow to 25m, then a fertilizer ditch can cover a width of 50m.

[0007] Vines (3): Uniform characteristics, requirements and goals of vine varieties: The main branches can grow long enough, the main branches have a long lifespan, strong vitality, cold resistance (required in the north), not easy to bend and climb, and few branches; the leaves are dense and contain a lot of nutrients, the types of nutrients contained in the leaves change with the fertilizer applied, the leaves fall off easily, the leaves can grow for a long time each year, allowing the leaves to fall off multiple times a year, and the leaf decay time is moderate (allowing the interval between the decomposition of the previous leaf and the next leaf fall to be short, so that the number of soil microorganisms is more balanced throughout the year); prevent pests or attract beneficial insects.

[0008] Vine Variety Characteristics Requirements Option 1 (Preferred): The roots must be aquatic (cannot or are difficult to propagate by terrestrial cuttings), because if it can be terrestrial, even if the vine leaves wither before fruiting, there is a possibility of premature flowering and fruiting, and once it grows on land, it is difficult to remove.

[0009] Option Two for Vines: Varieties must be hybridized to produce non-reproductive varieties (cannot be propagated by seed, or difficult to propagate by cuttings), capable of aquatic growth (if not aquatic, fertilizing the vines is largely ineffective), and terrestrial viability is unimportant. Advantages: Terrestrial cultivation offers relatively stronger cold resistance compared to aquatic cultivation; vine varieties are updated more quickly (new farmers will purchase newly cultivated seeds instead of purely aquatic vines, allowing them to cultivate their own); it will not cause vine proliferation in rivers. Disadvantages: Difficult to cultivate; the inheritance of traits from two mother plants is uncertain due to the lack of seed production.

[0010] Similar plants (it's unclear whether hybridization would alter traits; mangroves may have plants in need and can be irrigated with seawater, but tropical plants may not be cold-hardy):

[0011] 1. Ivy: Can be used as rootstock for grafting. Advantages: Evergreen leaves mean a long growing season and that leaves don't easily fall off. Disadvantages: Can grow on land.

[0012] 2. Pothos: Can be used as rootstock for grafting. Disadvantage: Can grow on land.

[0013] 3. Virginia creeper: Disadvantages: It can only grow on land, it will climb and block sunlight from crops, and it has many long branches.

[0014] Solution 1 for wilting vines: Drain the fertilizer drain. Excessive leaf respiration and transpiration lead to significant water loss, causing the leaves to wither. Advantages: Economical and convenient, also drains fertilizer drain water. Disadvantages: The entire vine may die; only suitable for aquatic vine varieties; requires a water pump and diesel generator.

[0015] Option 2 for vine withering: First, add a biodegradable leaf-bearing agent to the fertilizer ditch (this only withers the leaves, not the main branches; the degradation time is shorter than that of leaves and it does not kill humic microorganisms on a large scale). Then, add an agent that neutralizes the leaf-bearing agent to the fertilizer ditch. Advantages: Stabilizes leaf drop; shorter interval between withered vines and regrowth; potential for use in conjunction with herbicides. Disadvantages: More expensive.

[0016] Solution 3 for vine wilting: Cultivate varieties that shed leaves at specific times of the year (leaf drop due to spring rains, summer heat, autumn winds, or winter cold). Advantages: Lowest labor cost. Disadvantages: Difficult to cultivate, leaf drop is beyond the farmer's control (due to different vegetable harvesting seasons), and the frequency of leaf drop is low.

[0017] Field Layout Scheme 1 for Vines: This scheme uses gate-shaped nails to regulate the position of the main vine branches on the ground, ensuring a straight, alternating arrangement with the crops to minimize interference. The nails also have barbs on both sides to increase grip. Advantages: Minimal interference with harvesters. Disadvantages: Too dense spacing between crop rows can interfere with sunlight absorption; a wider horizontal area of ​​vines is required.

[0018] Option 2 for vine field layout: The vines are guided by overhead ropes to twine around the plant. The vines have a vertical area hanging down, requiring a certain level of twining ability. Advantages: Larger leaf growth area with equal horizontal area, less disturbance to crops. Disadvantages: Significantly interferes with conventional harvesting by combine harvesters and manual harvesting.

[0019] Vine Field Layout Option 3: Foldable railings that rise during crop growth and fall down during harvest, combining some advantages of vine field layout options 1 and vine field layout option 2. Advantages: Larger leaf growth area with equal horizontal area, less disturbance to crops, and less interference with harvesters. Disadvantages: Complex pole structure and higher price.

[0020] Drainage pond (4): The lowest point of water level. Function: To drain the excessively high concentration of unabsorbable brine from the fertilizer ditch and to remove salt from the brine; to drain the accumulated impurities from farmyard manure or fertilizer; and to serve as a water storage place for the withered vines. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the vine-based fertilization method in this invention. Wherein: fertilizer channel (2), vine (3), vegetables (5).

[0022] In the picture: fertilizer ditch (2), vines (3), vegetables (5). Detailed Implementation

[0023] Precautions:

[0024] Fallen vine leaves can be blown together by the wind, which may lead to uneven soil nutrient distribution (or uneven distribution). This can be addressed by cultivating humic microorganisms that bind the leaves together when they rot.

[0025] Vines can interfere with harvesting, but this can be greatly reduced by withering the vines and leaves before the crop is harvested, leaving only branches.

[0026] The fertilizer canal is regularly tested for salinity and conductivity, and the water is drained to remove accumulated silt.

[0027] Why not plant crops on the terraced mounds and irrigate them directly?

[0028] A: While vines may also cause soil nutrient imbalance, direct irrigation is more likely to cause soil nutrient imbalance, and decaying leaves can increase the number of earthworms, thus loosening the soil.

[0029] If crops require a lot of water for irrigation, and watering is still necessary to achieve integrated water and fertilizer application, is it necessary to add vines that can only serve as fertilizer?

[0030] A: No need. Fertilizing vines is mainly for fertilizing fruit trees, because fruit trees can absorb soil moisture through their deep roots.

[0031] Can fallen leaves from vines provide all the types and weight of nutrients that crops need?

[0032] A: I don't know, but it should be possible to artificially cultivate varieties with leaves rich in nutrients.

[0033] In northern winters, will the freezing of river surfaces damage the vines, rendering the main branches unusable and causing the vines to waste nutrients on growing the main branches and manpower on fixing the vines in place the following year?

[0034] A: I don't know.

[0035] Can vines be irrigated with seawater?

[0036] A: I don't know.

[0037] Will the water in the fertilizer canal become increasingly rich in salt and heavy metals from the fertilizer?

[0038] A: It probably will, but it should be reduced by keeping fish as well. Fish can eat the excess seeds from the vines.

[0039] Can vines mutate and produce seeds that have the ability to live on land?

[0040] A: Yes, but the chances are very small.

[0041] Won't the vine wither directly after all the leaves have fallen?

[0042] A: I'm not sure, but when the leaves are lush and fall off, there should still be nutrients and energy remaining in the main stem that allow the leaves to grow again.

[0043] Will the fallen leaves from the vines allow weeds to grow vigorously and prevent herbicides from reaching the roots of the weeds?

[0044] A: Probably.

[0045] Can vines evolve the ability to drip water?

[0046] A: It's difficult, but if the water vines are combined with the fertilizer ditch being higher than the vines, creating a hydraulic pressure difference, inserting a solid needle into the hollow syringe tube and then into the water vines, pulling out the solid needle, and breaking off the excessively long hollow syringe tube (with holes of different sizes at the front and back), capillary action will prevent water from dripping out. The system can be controlled by adjusting the water depth. If the ditch freezes in winter, the vines and fertilizer ditch must be kept dry. Then there is a slight possibility.

Claims

1. A method for fertilizing vine plants, comprising a water storage tank (1), a fertilizer channel (2), vines (3), and a drainage tank (4), characterized in that: The water storage tank (1) is connected to the fertilizer channel (2) at a high position. The fertilizer channel (2) contains the roots of the vines (3) and the fertilizer channel (2) is connected to the drainage tank (4) at a high position.

2. The fertilization method for vine plants according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fertilization scheme is constructed by using a water storage pond (1) or river water as the water storage location, a fertilizer ditch (2) as the location for adding fertilizer to the vines (3), and a drainage pond (4) as the location for discharging fertilizer impurities and temporarily storing water. The vines (3) are cultivated and arranged alternately with crops, and the fallen leaves of the vines (3) are used as fertilizer for crops.

3. The fertilization method for vine plants according to claim 1, characterized in that: Fix the vines (3) in the field with door nails to prevent them from growing wildly and reduce their impact on the harvester.

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