Marine reef fish adaptability test method and matched universe system thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a marine reef fish adaptability test method and a matched universe system thereof. The universe system comprises a tank body, the interior of the tank body is divided into a sheltering area and an open area, the sheltering area is a triangular area depending on one corner of the tank body, the projection area of the sheltering area accounts for 12.5%-25% of the projection area of the tank body, and a plurality of shelters exist in the sheltering area. A plurality of aquatic plant models are randomly arranged in the open area, the total projected area of the aquatic plant models accounts for 5-10% of the projected area of the open area, a circular area is enclosed by a surrounding net in the open area, and the mesh diameter of the surrounding net is 65-75 mm. The middle universe system is used for testing the adaptability of the ocean reef fishes, and the situation that a large number of the ocean reef fishes die during enhancement and releasing is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of model organism breeding technology, and in particular to a method for testing the adaptability of marine rocky reef fish and its supporting cosmic system. Background Technology

[0002] Artificial propagation and release involves the direct release or introduction of fertilized eggs, larvae, or adults of aquatic organisms into natural water bodies such as oceans, tidal flats, rivers, lakes, and reservoirs using artificial methods, in order to restore or increase the population size and improve and optimize the community structure of the water body.

[0003] However, due to the lack of accurate assessment tools, the actual survival status after restocking has been difficult to confirm. Assessing adaptability and survival rates through recapture is extremely costly and difficult to implement, resulting in consistently poor outcomes.

[0004] Furthermore, because the juveniles of individuals released into the stock enhancement program spend their early years in artificial incubators without natural predators, bypassing the extremely high natural selection pressures of early childhood and lacking life skills training, their predation and anti-predation abilities are generally insufficient. When these individuals, lacking wild adaptability, are released in large numbers into the natural environment through stock enhancement programs, they not only fail to effectively replenish wild populations but may also bring "disaster" to wild populations. The release of a large number of individuals of the same species into a certain area may attract a large number of predators in the short term, increasing the predation pressure on wild individuals of the same species.

[0005] Given the current inability to effectively assess the survival rate after stock enhancement and release, and the potential for counterproductive ecological restoration effects from the indiscriminate release of large numbers of poorly adapted individuals, appropriate testing methods are urgently needed to assess the wild adaptability of fish individuals before release. This would not only provide a reference for stock enhancement and release practices but also detect insufficient adaptability of hatchery individuals, providing data guidance for improving hatchery adaptability. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to disclose a method for testing the adaptability of marine reef-loving fish and its supporting medium-range space system, in order to solve one or more technical problems existing in existing methods and provide at least one beneficial option or create conditions. This is achieved by providing a standardized testing method for marine reef-loving (reef-attached) fish before stock enhancement and release.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: The first aspect of the present invention is to provide a medium universe system.

[0008] The second aspect of the present invention is to provide an application direction of the cosmic system described in the first aspect of the present invention.

[0009] A third aspect of the present invention is to provide a method for testing the adaptability of the cosmic system described in the first aspect of the present invention for the propagation and release of fish.

[0010] The first aspect of this invention describes a mesospheric system comprising a tank with a length of 2000-4000 mm, a width of 2000-4000 mm, and a height of 500-600 mm. The tank is divided into a sheltered area and an open area. The sheltered area is a triangular region located at one corner of the tank, and its projected area accounts for 12.5-25% of the total projected area of ​​the tank. Multiple shelters are present within the sheltered area. Multiple aquatic plant models are randomly arranged within the open area, and the total projected area of ​​these models accounts for 5-10% of the total projected area of ​​the open area. A circular area with a diameter of 1500-3000 mm is enclosed within the open area by a net, and the mesh diameter of the net is 65-75 mm. The shelters within the sheltered area provide a safe living space for marine reef fish entering the mesospheric system for testing, allowing them to recover from stress and obtain a daily habitat during the testing process. The open area is only partially concealed by a few aquatic plant models, while a circular area is enclosed by a net as a danger zone for wild predators. This simulates the spatial distribution relationship between predators and prey in the wild environment, so as to effectively test the short-term survival of the released stock.

[0011] Furthermore, the bottom of the sheltered area is paved with pebbles. The selected pebbles were collected from the wild and disinfected to provide a good visual environment for the marine reef fish participating in the test, allowing them to become familiar with safe areas in the wild waters.

[0012] Furthermore, the shelter is constructed from natural stones, each with a diameter of 100-150 mm. Three of these natural stones are arranged in a triangular pattern, with another stone placed on top, thus creating a natural habitat. The gaps between these natural stones provide excellent shelter for marine reef fish.

[0013] Furthermore, the height of the aquatic plant model is 200~400 mm.

[0014] Furthermore, a pump with a flow rate of 50~60 L / h is installed inside the cylinder.

[0015] Furthermore, the medium-universe system also includes a circulating water device located outside the cylinder, with the inlet and outlet of the circulating water device connected to the cylinder via pipes.

[0016] The second aspect of the application of this invention refers to the use of the medium-space system to test the adaptability of marine reef fish and avoid mass mortality of the marine reef fish during stock enhancement and release.

[0017] The third aspect of the present invention describes a method for testing the adaptability of released fish by placing 20 released fish and 1-2 wild predators in the space system described in the first aspect of the present invention. Food is provided daily at random locations in the open area. Released fish that survive for more than 14 days are considered to have completed the test.

[0018] Furthermore, the fish species released for stock enhancement are selected from yellowfin seabream, black seabream, or oblique grouper; the wild predator is the spotted totoaba. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a top view of the cosmic system described in Example 1. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0021] In the description of this application, it should be understood that if terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" appear, these terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0022] Furthermore, where the terms "first" and "second" appear, these terms are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, where the term "multiple" appears, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0023] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0024] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the use of descriptions such as "above" or "below" the second feature indicates that the first and second features are in direct contact or indirect contact via an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. Similarly, "below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0025] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. If so, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0026] Example 1: Constructing a Medium Universe System A glass tank with a length of 4000 mm, a width of 4000 mm, and a height of 500 mm was procured as the tank body. The artificial seawater depth is 450 mm. Its top view is as follows. Figure 1 As shown in the diagram, the cylinder block is divided into a protected area and an open area.

[0027] The sheltered area is located in the lower left corner of the cylinder and consists of a triangular area formed by two right-angled sides each 2000 mm long. The sheltered area is paved with pebbles collected from the wild and sterilized, and also includes four shelters constructed from natural stones with a diameter of 100-150 mm. Each shelter consists of four natural stones: three arranged in a triangular pattern at the bottom, and one stacked on top.

[0028] Multiple aquatic plant models are randomly arranged within the open area. The height of each aquatic plant model is 200-400 mm, and their total projected area occupies 5-10% of the projected area of ​​the open area. A circular area with a diameter of 600-2000 mm is enclosed by a net within the open area as a threat zone, used to release wild predators during testing. The mesh diameter of the net is 65-75 mm, preventing wild predators from passing through, but allowing marine reef fish to pass through. Since some food release points will be set within the threat zone during subsequent testing to simulate the distribution of natural resources in wild waters, the netting is necessary to restrict the activity range of wild predators without restricting the movement of marine reef fish.

[0029] The cylinder is equipped with a pump with a flow rate of 50-60 L / h. A specialized seawater circulation system for seawater treatment is also installed outside the cylinder. The inlet and outlet of the circulation system are connected to the cylinder via pipes. The pump and circulation system provide the medium-altitude system with a water environment similar to the stable waters of an inland coastal bend.

[0030] Example 2: Adaptability test of marine rocky reef fish The test site was the mid-universe system constructed in Example 1. The test subject was artificially bred yellowfin seabream (… Acanthopagrus latus The yellowfin seabream individuals are uniformly controlled to be about 40-50 mm in length. They are wild offspring that have been maintained in the laboratory for a short period of time (2-3 months). The parents came from the waters near Zhangzhou, Fujian, and have a high degree of growth uniformity and health.

[0031] The wild predator mentioned is the wild spotted totoaba (Sciaenus spp.) Sciaenops ocellatus ).

[0032] (1) Testing in low-predation-risk environments Prior to the test, all yellowfin seabream underwent a 24-hour fasting period. Twenty fish per group were released into the aforementioned cosmic system within a protected area. Testing began after introduction to simulate a breeding and release scenario. Only one spotted totoaba was introduced into a low-predation-risk environment.

[0033] To focus the testing on assessing predation and anti-predation capabilities, the lighting pattern remained at 12 / 12 throughout the experiment. Water temperature was maintained consistently between 24 and 26°C.

[0034] To simulate food availability in the wild as closely as possible, a random food distribution pattern was implemented during feeding. This "randomness" was reflected in both the timing and location of food appearance. Fresh shrimp meat was used daily as food, and the total daily feed amount was determined based on 1.5% of the total weight of fish in the mid-cosmic system. The corresponding feeding procedures are shown in Table 1.

[0035] Table 1 - Feeding Procedures

[0036] Note: The table shows several days where feeding occurs more than once. For example, Day 2: Feeding is done three times that day, at 8:00, 14:00, and 17:00, with the prescribed amount being 40%, 10%, and 30% respectively. The feeding location is determined by... Figure 1 The numbering is obtained from the dashed square area shown.

[0037] The spotted totoaba, a typical predator in coastal bays, exhibits predation pressures highly consistent with the actual natural environment of its target species. The yellowfin seabream, having survived 14 days in the aforementioned mesocosmic system, is considered to have passed the test and can be temporarily housed in another structurally identical mesocosmic system without wild predators, pending further experimental arrangements.

[0038] (2) Testing in high-predation-risk environments Using the same mesocosmic system as the test site, the difference in the high-predation-risk environment test was that the number of croakers was increased to two. To verify the test's effectiveness, two croakers were also introduced into the verification site as wild predators.

[0039] (3) Adaptability testing and consistency verification with the field environment To verify the effectiveness of the aforementioned cosmic system on yellowfin seabream, several 3 m × 3 m × 2 m areas in the inner bend of the coast were selected as verification sites and enclosed with purse seine nets. The mesh size of the nets was 3 mm, which ensured both water exchange with the external environment and prevented fish from escaping. Wild fish were cleared from the areas before enclosure. After enclosure, 20 yellowfin seabream that passed the test were introduced into the wild water areas in batches. Correspondingly, 1 (low predation risk) / 2 (high predation risk) spotted croakers were simultaneously introduced as wild predators.

[0040] The survival rate of the yellowfin seabream in the wild was monitored for 14 days. The verification results are shown in Table 2.

[0041] Table 2 - Survival rates of individuals tested in the wild

[0042] More than 80% of the individuals tested under the mesocosmic system were able to survive in real wild waters. This indicates that the mesocosmic system has good ecological effectiveness and can accurately reflect the survival probability of fish after short-term release into the wild.

[0043] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within the present invention.

Claims

1. A mid-sky system characterized by, The tank includes a length of 2000-4000 mm, a width of 2000-4000 mm, and a height of 500-600 mm. The tank is divided into a sheltered area and an open area. The sheltered area is a triangular area attached to one corner of the tank, and its projected area accounts for 12.5-25% of the projected area of ​​the tank. Multiple shelters exist within the sheltered area. Multiple aquatic plant models are randomly arranged within the open area, and the total projected area of ​​the aquatic plant models accounts for 5-10% of the projected area of ​​the open area. A circular area with a diameter of 1500-3000 mm is enclosed by a net within the open area, and the mesh diameter of the net is 65-75 mm.

2. The space system of claim 1, wherein, The bottom of the sheltered area is paved with pebbles.

3. The cosmic system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shelter was built from natural stones.

4. The cosmic system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The diameter of the natural stone is 100-150 mm.

5. The cosmic system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The height of the aquatic plant model is 200~400 mm.

6. The cosmic system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cylinder is equipped with a pump with a flow rate of 50~60 L / h.

7. The cosmic system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a circulating water device located outside the cylinder body, wherein the inlet and outlet of the circulating water device are connected to the cylinder body via pipes.

8. The application of the cosmic system according to any one of claims 1 to 7 in testing the adaptability of marine reef fish.

9. A method for testing the adaptability of fish released for stock enhancement, characterized in that, Twenty stocked fish and one to two wild predators are placed in the cosmic system described in any one of claims 1 to 7. Food is provided daily at random locations in the open area. Stocked fish that survive for more than 14 days are considered to have passed the test.

10. The method for testing the adaptability of released fish as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The fish species released for stock enhancement were selected from yellowfin seabream, black seabream, or oblique grouper; the wild predator was the spotted croaker.

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