Micro-valve sample loading device and sample loading method

Abstract

The invention discloses a micro-valve sample loading device and a sample loading method, and belongs to the technical field of microfluidics. The device comprises a base; the sample loading platform is mounted on the base, and a reagent groove and a control hole are formed in the sample loading platform; the chip is internally provided with a sample flow channel and a valve layer flow channel, the sample flow channel is provided with a valve piece, the sample flow channel is communicated with the reagent groove, and the valve layer flow channel is communicated with the control hole; the first gland is rotationally connected to the base, the first gland is provided with a sample adding flow channel, and when the first gland rotates to be pressed on the sample loading platform, the sample adding flow channel is communicated with the reagent groove; and the second gland is rotationally connected to the base, the second gland is provided with a control flow channel, and when the second gland rotates to be pressed on the sample loading platform, the control flow channel is communicated with the control hole. According to the technical scheme, a plurality of steel needles are not required to be connected with a hose, so that the sample loading preparation of the chip is simpler and more convenient, and the sample loading efficiency is improved. Moreover, pollution of a sample adding reagent to the chip can be effectively avoided, and multi-flux and cross-contamination-free sample loading is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of microfluidics, and in particular to a microvalve sample loading device and method. Background Technology

[0002] Microfluidics is a technology for precisely controlling and manipulating fluids of minute size. It is commonly used in fields such as biomedicine and chemical analysis, including microfluidic chips, digital PCR, automated ELISA, single-cell analysis, and organ-on-a-chip. It offers advantages such as high analysis speed, low energy consumption, and high sensitivity. Microfluidic chips are designed with different flow channel structures and thin-film microvalve structures to realize processes such as sample introduction, manipulation, reaction, and effluent of minute fluids.

[0003] Existing microfluidic chips are sampled using injection pumps or peristaltic pumps, which requires the installation of multiple steel needles and tubing between the chip and the injection pump or peristaltic pump. This connection operation is cumbersome and inefficient. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a microvalve sample loading device and method to solve one or more technical problems existing in the prior art, and at least provide a beneficial option or create conditions.

[0005] The technical solution adopted to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: a microvalve sample loading device, comprising: a base; a sample loading platform mounted on the base, the sample loading platform having a plurality of reagent slots and a plurality of control holes; a chip having a plurality of sample flow channels and a plurality of valve layer flow channels, the sample flow channels having valves for controlling flow rate, the valve layer flow channels for controlling the operation of the corresponding valves, the sample flow channels communicating with the corresponding reagent slots, and the valve layer flow channels communicating with the corresponding control holes; a first pressure cap rotatably connected to the base, the first pressure cap having a sample loading channel, the sample loading channel communicating with the reagent slots when the first pressure cap is rotated to press against the sample loading platform; and a second pressure cap rotatably connected to the base, the second pressure cap having a control channel, the control channel communicating with the control holes when the second pressure cap is rotated to press against the sample loading platform.

[0006] This technical solution offers at least the following advantages: When loading samples onto the chip, the sample is added to the reagent tank. By closing the first and second caps, a power source such as a syringe pump or peristaltic pump is connected to the sample loading channel of the first cap and the control channel of the second cap. The sample loading operation is performed through the sample loading channel and the control channel, eliminating the need for multiple steel needles and tubing connections between the chip and the syringe or peristaltic pump. This simplifies and simplifies sample preparation, improving loading efficiency. Furthermore, before adding the sample, the first cap can be closed to activate the valves within the chip before adding the sample to the reagent tank. Because the valves are activated, contamination of the chip by the added reagents is effectively avoided, achieving high-throughput, cross-contamination-free sample loading.

[0007] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the sample loading platform is provided with a first connecting channel connected to the reagent tank and a second connecting channel connected to the control hole. The chip is in contact with the sample loading platform, so that the first connecting channel is connected to the sample channel and the second connecting channel is connected to the valve layer channel.

[0008] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the sample loading platform is provided with a first connecting channel connected to the reagent tank and a second connecting channel connected to the control hole. The first connecting channel is connected to the sample channel through a hose, and the second connecting channel is connected to the valve layer channel through a hose.

[0009] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the sample loading platform is provided with an inner slot for accommodating the chip.

[0010] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the sample loading platform includes a first platform and a second platform respectively mounted on the base, the reagent tank is disposed on the first platform, and the control hole is disposed on the second platform.

[0011] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the base is provided with an installation slot for positioning and installing the sample loading platform.

[0012] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the microvalve sample loading device further includes a quick-lock assembly, which includes a first locking structure and a second locking structure. One of the first locking structure and the second locking structure is disposed on the first cap and / or the second cap, and the other of the first locking structure and the second locking structure is disposed on the base. When the first cap and / or the second cap is rotated to the pressing position, the first locking structure can lock with the second locking structure, so that the first cap is sealed against the upper end of the reagent tank and / or the second cap is sealed against the upper end of the control hole.

[0013] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the microvalve sample loading device further includes a limiting component structure, which includes an elastic pusher and a limiting groove. One of the elastic pusher and the limiting groove is disposed on the first pressure cap and / or the second pressure cap, and the other of the elastic pusher and the limiting groove is disposed on the base. When the first pressure cap and / or the second pressure cap rotates to the open position, the elastic pusher inserts into the limiting groove to restrict the rotation of the first pressure cap and / or the second pressure cap.

[0014] A microvalve sample loading method is applied to the microvalve sample loading device described above. The sample loading method includes: pressing a second cap onto the sample loading platform, applying pressure to the control channel to put the valve into a working state; adding the required biochemical reaction system to the reagent tank; after the valve is in a working state, pressing the first cap onto the sample loading platform, and applying pressure to the sample loading channel and the control channel according to the sample loading requirements to make the chip work.

[0015] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, liquid is added to the control hole before the second cap is pressed onto the sample loading platform. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing that both the first and second pressure caps are in the pressed position in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing that both the first and second pressure caps are in the open position in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a front view of the exploded structure of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 for Figure 3 A perspective view of the central base; Figure 5 for Figure 3 A perspective view of the sample loading platform; Figure 6 for Figure 3 A perspective structural diagram of the first and second pressure caps; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the chip and the sample loading platform according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a rear view of the exploded structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] 100, Base; 110, Mounting slot; 111, Ear slot; 200, Sample loading platform; 210, Reagent tank; 220, Control hole; 230, Inner groove; 201, First connecting channel; 202, Second connecting channel; 203, Limiting hole; 204, Tube; 300, Chip; 310, Sample channel; 320, Valve layer channel; 400, First cap; 410, Sample loading channel; 500, Second cap; 510, Control channel; 610, First locking structure; 620, Second locking structure; 710, Elastic pusher; 720, Limiting groove. Detailed Implementation

[0018] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0019] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0020] In the description of this invention, "several" means one or more, "more than" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. The use of "first" and "second" in the description is merely for distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0021] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as "set up," "install," and "connect" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0022] Reference Figure 1-8 A microvalve sample loading device includes a base 100, a sample loading platform 200, a chip 300, a first pressure cap 400, and a second pressure cap 500.

[0023] The base 100 is a square flat plate with a round hole for easy installation and fixing with bolts. The base 100 has a mounting groove 110 that extends through both the upper and lower sides. On both opposite sides of the mounting groove 110, the base 100 has ear slots 111 that connect to the mounting groove 110. The ear slots 111 extend through the upper side of the base 100 but not through the lower side, and their width is less than the width of the mounting groove 110.

[0024] The bottom of the sample loading platform 200 is adapted to the mounting groove 110. The upper side of the sample loading platform 200 is higher than the upper side of the base 100, and the top width of the sample loading platform 200 is greater than the width of the mounting groove 110, allowing the sample loading platform 200 to be positioned and installed in the mounting groove 110. The ear grooves 111 on both sides facilitate the placement and removal of the sample loading platform 200. The upper side of the sample loading platform 200 is provided with a plurality of reagent slots 210 and a plurality of control holes 220. In this embodiment, there are five reagent slots 210 and six control holes 220. The reagent slots 210 are distributed on the left side, and the control holes 220 are distributed on the right side. In other embodiments, the number of reagent slots 210 and control holes 220 can be two, three, four, seven, or other numbers depending on the actual sample loading requirements.

[0025] Chip 300 is mounted on base 100. Specifically, an inner groove 230 is formed in the middle of the sample loading platform 200, penetrating the top and bottom surfaces of the sample loading platform 200, allowing chip 300 to be placed in the inner groove 230 for association with the sample loading platform 200. Since the position of chip 300 corresponds to the position of mounting slot 110, a glass plate for supporting chip 300 can be installed at the bottom of base 100. In other embodiments, inner groove 230 may not penetrate base 100.

[0026] Chip 300 is a microfluidic chip, such as a single-cell pairing chip, but not limited to single-cell pairing chips. Chip 300 internally has several sample channels 310 and several valve layer channels 320. The sample channels 310 are used for sample introduction to achieve target functions such as dilution, reaction, separation, and detection within chip 300. In this embodiment, five sample channels 310 and six valve layer channels 320 are provided.

[0027] In other embodiments, depending on the target functional requirements, the chip 300 may also have two, three, four, seven, or other numbers of sample flow channels 310 and valve layer flow channels 320. Each sample flow channel 310 is equipped with a valve, such as a membrane valve. The valve is used to control the opening and closing or flow rate of the corresponding sample flow channel 310, thereby achieving functions such as controlling the sample introduction process and reaction. The valve layer flow channels 320 are used to control the operation of the corresponding valves, such as controlling the valves to open, close, or adjust their opening degree.

[0028] One side of the first cap 400 is rotatably mounted on the base 100 via a first rotating shaft. The first cap 400 has a pressed position and an open position when rotating relative to the base 100. When the first cap 400 is in the pressed position, one side of the first cap 400 seals against the upper side of the sample loading platform 200. When the first cap 400 is in the open position, the first cap 400 rotates a preset angle relative to the pressed position, creating a certain opening angle between the first cap 400 and the base 100, such as 80 degrees, 90 degrees, or 100 degrees. The first cap 400 has a sample dispensing channel 410 inside. When the first cap 400 is in the pressed position, the sample dispensing channel 410 is connected to the reagent tank 210, allowing the sample dispensing channel 410 to connect with the sample channel 310 through the reagent tank 210.

[0029] One side of the second pressure cap 500 is rotatably mounted on the base 100 via a second rotating shaft. The second pressure cap 500 has a pressed position and an open position when rotating relative to the base 100. When the second pressure cap 500 is in the pressed position, one side of the second pressure cap 500 seals against the upper side of the sample loading platform 200. When the second pressure cap 500 is in the open position, the second pressure cap 500 rotates a preset angle relative to the pressed position, creating a certain opening angle between the second pressure cap 500 and the base 100, such as 80 degrees, 90 degrees, or 100 degrees. The second pressure cap 500 has a control flow channel 510 inside. When the second pressure cap 500 is in the pressed position, the control flow channel 510 communicates with the control hole 220, allowing the control flow channel 510 to communicate with the valve layer flow channel 320 through the control hole 220.

[0030] In this embodiment, the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft are parallel and their axes coincide. In other embodiments, the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft may also be arranged parallel but their axes do not coincide, or the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft may be arranged perpendicularly, corresponding to the relationship between the first pressure cover 400 and the second pressure cover 500 being either relatively open or adjacent to each other.

[0031] The end of the sample dispensing channel 410 that is away from communicating with the reagent tank 210 forms a port in the first cap 400, which is provided with an interface for easy connection of the pump assembly. Similarly, the end of the control channel 510 that is away from communicating with the control hole 220 forms a port in the second cap 500, which is provided with an interface for easy connection of the pump assembly.

[0032] During sample loading, water is added to control port 220, the second pressure cap 500 is tightened, and air pressure is applied to control flow channel 510 to fill valve layer flow channel 320 with liquid, accelerating valve response. After all valves in chip 300 are in working condition, the required biochemical reaction system is added to reagent tank 210. Since the valves are generally closed at this time, the reagents added through reagent tank 210 will not cause crosstalk, avoiding contamination. Finally, the first pressure cap 400 is tightened, and the chip 300's functions can begin to operate.

[0033] Furthermore, the sample loading platform 200 is provided with a first connecting channel 201, a second connecting channel 202, and a limiting hole 203. One end of each of the first connecting channel 201, the second connecting channel 202, and the limiting hole 203 is disposed through the same side wall of the sample loading platform 200; the other end of the first connecting channel 201 is connected to the corresponding reagent tank 210; the other end of the second connecting channel 202 is connected to the corresponding control hole 220; the other end of the limiting hole 203 is a straight line through the inner side wall of the inner tank 230, so that the limiting hole 203 is connected to the inner tank 230, and the position of the limiting hole 203 is higher than the top surface of the chip 300.

[0034] The port formed on the top surface of the chip 300 by the sample flow channel 310 is connected to the port formed on the outer wall of the sample loading platform 200 by the first connecting flow channel 201 via a flexible tube 204. Similarly, the port formed on the top surface of the chip 300 by the valve layer flow channel 320 is connected to the port formed on the outer wall of the sample loading platform 202 via a flexible tube 204. The middle portion of the flexible tube 204 passes through a corresponding limiting hole 203 to restrict and stabilize its position. It is understood that the number of first connecting flow channels 201 corresponds to the number of reagent slots 210, the number of second connecting flow channels 202 corresponds to the number of control holes 220, and the number of limiting holes 203 corresponds to the total number of reagent slots 210 plus control holes 220. In other embodiments, multiple limiting holes 203 can also be interconnected to form a limiting groove, with one limiting groove simultaneously restricting multiple flexible tubes 204. Alternatively, the inner groove 230 may have one side wall of the limiting hole 203 directly penetrate the side wall of the sample loading platform 200, making the sample loading platform 200 U-shaped overall. This also facilitates the installation and connection of the flexible tube 204. This embodiment can be used for chips 300 with multiple holes and small inlet spacing, where small inlet spacing means that the hole between two adjacent ports is less than two millimeters.

[0035] In another embodiment, the chip 300 can also be directly connected to the sample loading platform 200, so that the port formed by the first connecting channel 201 on the sample loading platform 200 is directly connected to the port formed by the sample channel 310 on the chip 300, and the port formed by the second connecting channel 202 on the sample loading platform 200 is directly connected to the port formed by the valve layer channel 320 on the chip 300. Alternatively, a glass block can be bonded to the bottom of the sample loading platform 200, with the glass block sandwiched between the top surface of the chip 300 and the bottom surface of the sample loading platform 200 (another way for the chip 300 and the sample loading platform 200 to be connected by contact). The first connecting channel 201 and the second connecting channel 202 are arranged laterally towards the chip 300 and then connect downwards to the upper surface of the glass block. The upper surface of the chip 300 is bonded to the glass block. The glass block is provided with several through holes. The ports formed on the top surface of the chip 300 by the sample channel 310 and the valve layer channel 320 are connected to the first connecting channel 201 and the second connecting channel 202 respectively through corresponding through holes, so that the first connecting channel 201 is connected to the sample channel 310 and the second connecting channel 202 is connected to the valve layer channel 320. This embodiment can be used for chips 300 with few holes and large inlet spacing. Large inlet spacing means that the hole between two adjacent ports is greater than or equal to two millimeters.

[0036] In other embodiments, the sample loading platform 200 can be divided into a first platform and a second platform, with the reagent tank 210 disposed on the first platform and the control hole 220 disposed on the second platform, that is, the reagent tank 210 and the control hole 220 are separated.

[0037] Furthermore, the top surface of the sample loading platform 200 is provided with sealing protrusions at the edges corresponding to the reagent tank 210 and the control hole 220. The first cap 400 and the second cap 500 are provided with sealing grooves at the positions corresponding to the sealing protrusions, so that when the first cap 400 and the second cap 500 are in the pressed position, the reagent tank 210 is sealed and connected to the sample dispensing channel 410, and the control hole 220 is sealed and connected to the control channel 510. In other embodiments, sealing grooves may also be provided at the edges corresponding to the reagent tank 210 and the control hole 220 on the top surface of the sample loading platform 200, and sealing protrusions may be provided at the positions corresponding to the sealing grooves on the first cap 400 and the second cap 500.

[0038] Furthermore, the microvalve sample loading device also includes quick-locking components. Quick-locking components are provided between the first pressure cap 400 and the base 100, and between the second pressure cap 500 and the base 100. The quick-locking components include a first locking structure 610 and a second locking structure 620. When the first locking structure 610 and the second locking structure 620 are close to each other and inserted, they can achieve a locking connection.

[0039] Specifically, the first locking structure 610 includes an upper seat, on which a rotating shaft is rotatably mounted, and a locking block is provided on the rotating shaft. The second locking structure 620 includes a lower seat, which has a slot for inserting the rotating shaft and the locking block, and the slot has a groove for locking the locking block.

[0040] For the first pressure cap 400, an upper seat is mounted on the first pressure cap 400, and a rotating shaft passes through the first pressure cap 400. A corresponding lower seat is mounted on the base 100. When the first pressure cap 400 is in the pressed position, both the rotating shaft and the locking block extend into the slot. At this time, the first pressure cap 400 is temporarily unrestricted. By rotating the rotating shaft, the locking block is inserted into the slot, thus restricting the position of the first pressure cap 400 and ensuring that it cannot be opened temporarily, thus ensuring the smooth operation of sample loading. In other embodiments, the positions of the upper and lower seats can be interchanged.

[0041] Similarly, for the second cover 500, the upper seat is mounted on the second cover 500, the rotating shaft passes through the second cover 500, and the corresponding lower seat is mounted on the base 100. When the second cover 500 is in the pressed position, both the rotating shaft and the locking block extend into the slot. At this time, the second cover 500 is temporarily unrestricted. By rotating the rotating shaft, the locking block is inserted into the slot, which restricts the position of the second cover 500, ensuring that the first cover 400 cannot be opened temporarily and ensuring that the sample loading operation can proceed smoothly. In other embodiments, the positions of the upper and lower seats can be interchanged.

[0042] In other embodiments, a quick-lock assembly may be provided only on the first pressure cover 400 or the second pressure cover 500, while the other may not have a limiting structure or may restrict rotation in other ways.

[0043] Furthermore, the microvalve sample loading device also includes limiting structures, with limiting structures provided between the first pressure cap 400 and the base 100, and between the second pressure cap 500 and the base 100. The limiting structures include an elastic pusher 710 and a limiting groove 720. The elastic pusher 710 is a spring pin.

[0044] For the first cover 400, a limiting groove 720 is located on one side of the first cover 400 and avoids the rotation center line of the first cover 400. A spring pin is installed at the corresponding position on the base 100, so that when the first cover 400 is rotated to the open position, the spring pin is exactly aligned with the limiting groove 720, and the spring pin is embedded in the limiting groove 720 to limit the rotation of the first cover 400. In other embodiments, the positions of the spring pin and the limiting groove 720 can be interchanged.

[0045] Similarly, for the second cover 500, the limiting groove 720 is located on one side of the second cover 500 and avoids the rotation center line of the second cover 500. The spring pin is installed at the corresponding position on the base 100, so that when the second cover 500 is rotated to the open position, the spring pin is exactly aligned with the limiting groove 720, and the spring pin is embedded in the limiting groove 720 to limit the rotation of the second cover 500. In other embodiments, the positions of the spring pin and the limiting groove 720 can be interchanged.

[0046] It should be noted that in other embodiments, the number of the first cover 400 and / or the second cover 500 is not limited to one, and two or more can be set according to the differences in chip function or sample addition requirements.

[0047] This embodiment also provides a microvalve sample loading method, applied to the aforementioned microvalve sample loading device. The microvalve sample loading method includes the following steps: S1: First, add liquid, such as water, into the control port 220 to accelerate the valve response speed; then press the second pressure cap 500 onto the sample loading platform 200, and connect the pump assembly to apply pressure to the control flow channel 510, so that the valve is in working condition. In other embodiments, liquid may not be added into the control port 220, but air pressure may be applied directly.

[0048] S2: Add the required biochemical reaction system to the reagent tank 210 of the sample loading platform 200. At this time, since all valves in the chip 300 are in working condition, the added sample reagents will not cause any crosstalk.

[0049] S3: After the valve is in working condition, press the first pressure cap 400 onto the sample loading platform 200, and apply pressure, such as air pressure or hydraulic pressure, to the sample loading channel 410 and the control channel 510 according to the sample loading requirements to make the chip 300 work.

[0050] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A microvalve loading device, characterized by, include: Base; A sample loading platform is installed on the base, and the sample loading platform is provided with several reagent tanks and several control holes; The chip has several sample flow channels and several valve layer flow channels. The sample flow channels are equipped with valves to control the flow rate. The valve layer flow channels are used to control the operation of the corresponding valves. The sample flow channels are connected to the corresponding reagent tanks, and the valve layer flow channels are connected to the corresponding control holes. The first pressure cap is rotatably connected to the base. The first pressure cap is provided with a sample dispensing channel. When the first pressure cap is rotated to press against the sample loading platform, the sample dispensing channel is connected to the reagent tank. The second pressure cap is rotatably connected to the base. The second pressure cap is provided with a control flow channel. When the second pressure cap is rotated to press against the sample loading platform, the control flow channel communicates with the control hole.

2. The microvalve loading device of claim 1, wherein: The sample loading platform is provided with a first connecting channel connected to the reagent tank and a second connecting channel connected to the control hole. The chip is in contact with the sample loading platform, so that the first connecting channel is connected to the sample channel and the second connecting channel is connected to the valve layer channel.

3. The microvalve loading device of claim 1, wherein: The sample loading platform is provided with a first connecting channel connected to the reagent tank and a second connecting channel connected to the control hole. The first connecting channel is connected to the sample channel through a hose, and the second connecting channel is connected to the valve layer channel through a hose.

4. The microvalve sample loading device of claim 1, wherein: The sample loading platform has an inner slot for accommodating the chip.

5. The microvalve sample loading device of claim 1, wherein: The sample loading platform includes a first platform and a second platform respectively mounted on the base, the reagent tank is disposed on the first platform, and the control hole is disposed on the second platform.

6. The microvalve sample loading device of claim 1, wherein: The base has an installation slot for positioning and installing the sample loading platform.

7. The microvalve sample loading device of claim 1, wherein: The microvalve sample loading device further includes a quick-lock assembly, which includes a first locking structure and a second locking structure. One of the first locking structure and the second locking structure is disposed on the first cap and / or the second cap, and the other of the first locking structure and the second locking structure is disposed on the base. When the first cap and / or the second cap is rotated to the pressed position, the first locking structure can lock with the second locking structure, so that the first cap is sealed against the upper end of the reagent tank and / or the second cap is sealed against the upper end of the control hole.

8. The microvalve sample loading device of claim 1, wherein: The microvalve sample loading device further includes a limiting structure, which includes an elastic pusher and a limiting groove. One of the elastic pusher and the limiting groove is disposed on the first cap and / or the second cap, and the other of the elastic pusher and the limiting groove is disposed on the base. When the first cap and / or the second cap rotates to the open position, the elastic pusher is inserted into the limiting groove to restrict the rotation of the first cap and / or the second cap.

9. A microvalve loading method, characterized by, The microvalve sample loading device according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein the sample loading method comprises: The second pressure cap is pressed onto the sample loading platform to apply pressure to the control flow channel, so that the valve is in working condition; Add the desired biochemical reaction system to the reagent tank; After the valve is in the working state, the first pressure cap is pressed onto the sample loading platform, and pressure is applied to the sample loading channel and the control channel according to the sample loading requirements to make the chip work.

10. The microvalve loading method of claim 9, wherein, Before the second cap is pressed onto the sample loading platform, liquid is added into the control hole.

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