Laser cutting machine with self-adaptive leveling function

Abstract

The invention provides a laser cutting machine with a self-adaptive leveling function, and relates to the technical field of laser machining, the laser cutting machine comprises a cutting machine body and a feeding device, the cutting machine body comprises a machine table, a portal frame, an X-axis moving mechanism, a self-adaptive leveling Z-axis machining machine head and a Y-axis moving machining platform, the X-axis moving mechanism drives the self-adaptive leveling Z-axis machining machine head to move, and the Y-axis moving machining platform drives the self-adaptive leveling Z-axis machining machine head to move; the self-adaptive leveling Z-axis machining machine head is arranged on the Y-axis moving machining platform and matched with movement of the Y-axis moving machining platform, so that the self-adaptive leveling Z-axis machining machine head obtains the height of all the areas of the upper surface of the plate, and in the process that the self-adaptive leveling Z-axis machining machine head conducts laser cutting on the plate, the self-adaptive leveling Z-axis machining machine head can conduct self-adaptive leveling according to the obtained height; according to the laser cutting machine, self-adaptive leveling can be conducted according to the flatness of the plate in the laser cutting process, so that the vertical cutting rate of the laser cutting machine to the plate is increased, the yield cutting rate of the plate is increased, and the production efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser processing technology, and in particular to a laser cutting machine with adaptive leveling. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous upgrading of the automation industry, laser cutting machines are playing an increasingly important role in mechanical manufacturing, especially in the fields of metal forming and sheet metal processing. Meanwhile, due to the advantages of laser cutting technology, such as high efficiency, speed, and minimal deformation, it is increasingly being used in the processing of three-dimensional irregular parts, for example, replacing traditional punching and trimming dies for cutting and trimming three-dimensional irregular curved surfaces.

[0003] Before using a laser cutting machine, the ground is usually uneven, requiring initial leveling before placing the machine on the ground. However, this initial leveling only ensures the material's surface is level with the horizontal plane. During the feeding process, some sections of the sheet metal may slightly warp due to inherent stress, resulting in unevenness. During laser cutting, existing laser cutting machines can only cut by pressing the laser head firmly against the material's surface to ensure the cut surface is perpendicular to the surface. However, this method only... It can be used to process relatively thin metal sheets, but it has drawbacks during processing. During the pressing process, the laser processing head is used to press in a point-like manner. This causes the rest of the sheet material to lift up. After cutting, when the lifted parts fall, they can cause the sheet material to shift, resulting in the sheet material deviating from its original processing area. Ultimately, the cut pattern or parts cannot be cut in the preset sheet material area, or the already cut pattern or parts are moved and forced to be cut again. The pattern is damaged and cannot be used, which affects the processing progress and reduces production efficiency.

[0004] Another cutting method involves directly adjusting and limiting the height between the laser processing head and the processing plane, maintaining a preset distance between the laser processing head and the sheet metal for cutting. During the cutting process, the laser processing head does not move along the Z-axis. This method also has drawbacks. If the sheet metal is roughly flat, the cutting surface of the pattern or part being cut is perpendicular to the processing plane and also perpendicular to the surface of the pattern or part being cut, i.e., perpendicular cutting. In this case, the pattern or part being cut is a good product. However, if the sheet metal warps, the cutting surface of the pattern or part cut at the warped part will be a sharp angle, which is very sharp. In this case, the pattern or part is damaged and unusable, becoming a defective product. This also affects the processing progress and reduces production efficiency.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a laser cutting machine with adaptive leveling to adaptively level the sheet material according to its flatness during the laser cutting process, so as to improve the vertical cutting rate of the sheet material and thus improve the yield rate of the sheet material, thereby improving production efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention proposes a laser cutting machine with adaptive leveling that automatically levels itself based on the flatness of the sheet material during laser cutting. This improves the vertical cutting rate of the sheet material and, consequently, the yield rate of the sheet material, thereby increasing production efficiency.

[0007] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: This invention proposes a laser cutting machine with adaptive leveling, comprising a cutting machine body and a feeding device. The feeding device is located on one side of the cutting machine body and connected to it. The cutting machine body includes a machine base, a gantry frame, an X-axis moving mechanism, an adaptive leveling Z-axis machining head, and a Y-axis moving machining platform. The gantry frame is fixedly connected to the machine base, the X-axis moving mechanism is fixedly connected to one side of the gantry frame, the adaptive leveling Z-axis machining head is fixedly connected to the moving block of the X-axis moving mechanism and faces downward, and the Y-axis moving machining platform is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the machine base and located below the gantry frame. The feeding device, the Y-axis moving machining platform, and the unloading device are arranged coaxially. The machine tool is electrically connected to the feeding device, the X-axis moving mechanism, the adaptive leveling Z-axis machining head, and the Y-axis moving machining platform. After the Y-axis moving machining platform moves to one side of the feeding device to feed the sheet metal, it moves to a stop below the gantry. The X-axis moving mechanism drives the adaptive leveling Z-axis machining head to move, and in coordination with the movement of the Y-axis moving machining platform, the adaptive leveling Z-axis machining head acquires the height of all areas on the upper surface of the sheet metal. During the laser cutting process of the sheet metal by the adaptive leveling Z-axis machining head, the adaptive leveling Z-axis machining head can adaptively level itself according to the acquired height.

[0008] Furthermore, the adaptive leveling Z-axis machining head includes a fixed frame, a first pushing device, a second pushing device, a linkage assembly, a Z-axis laser cutting head assembly, and a dot matrix height measuring assembly. One side of the fixed frame is fixedly connected to the moving block of the X-axis moving mechanism. The first pushing device and the second pushing device are both fixedly connected to the other side of the fixed frame. The first pushing rod of the first pushing device is rotatably connected to one end of the linkage assembly, and the second pushing rod of the second pushing device is rotatably connected to the other end of the linkage assembly. One side of the linkage assembly forms a longitudinal sliding connection with the fixed frame. One side of the Z-axis laser cutting head assembly is fixedly connected to the other side of the linkage assembly and is centrally located. The dot matrix height measuring assembly is fixedly connected to the bottom of the Z-axis laser cutting head assembly and faces downward. The first pushing device, the second pushing device, the Z-axis laser cutting head assembly, and the dot matrix height measuring assembly are all electrically connected to the machine tool.

[0009] Furthermore, the linkage component includes a first connector, a second connector, and two connecting rods. The two connecting rods are arranged in parallel. The two ends of the first connector are rotatably connected to one end of each of the two connecting rods. The two ends of the second connector are rotatably connected to the other ends of each of the two connecting rods. Both the first connector and the second connector are longitudinally slidably connected to the fixing frame. One side of the first connector is rotatably connected to the first push rod of the first push device. One side of the second connector is rotatably connected to the second push rod of the second push device. Both connecting rods are fixedly connected to the back of the Z-axis laser cutting head assembly.

[0010] Furthermore, one side of the fixing frame is provided with a first sliding boss and a second sliding boss, both of which are arranged longitudinally. One side of the first connector is provided with a first sliding block, which forms a sliding connection with the first sliding boss. One side of the second connector is provided with a second sliding block, which forms a sliding connection with the second sliding boss.

[0011] Furthermore, a connecting plate is provided in the center of one side of the first connector, the connecting plate being perpendicular to the first connector. The first connector and the second connector have the same structure. One end of the connecting plate of the first connector is rotatably connected to one end of the first push rod, and one end of the connecting plate of the second connector is rotatably connected to one end of the second push rod.

[0012] Furthermore, each of the two connecting fixing rods has a fixing boss on one side, and the back of the Z-axis laser cutting head assembly has a mounting groove, in which the fixing boss is received.

[0013] Furthermore, the dot matrix height measurement component includes a fixed frame, two first dot matrix infrared distance sensors, and a second dot matrix infrared distance sensor. One end of the fixed frame is fixedly connected to the bottom of the Z-axis laser cutting head assembly. The two first dot matrix infrared distance sensors and the second dot matrix infrared distance sensor are both fixedly connected to one side of the fixed frame. The two first dot matrix infrared distance sensors are respectively located at both ends of the fixed frame, and the second dot matrix infrared distance sensor is located in the center of the fixed frame. The center of the fixed frame is aligned with the laser head of the Z-axis laser cutting head assembly. The two first dot matrix infrared distance sensors and the second dot matrix infrared distance sensor all face downwards, and both are electrically connected to the machine tool.

[0014] Furthermore, the measurement area of ​​the second dot matrix infrared distance sensor is a, and the measurement area of ​​the first dot matrix infrared distance sensor is b, where a = 7~10b.

[0015] Furthermore, the distance between the two first dot matrix infrared distance sensors is L, and the distance between the Y-axis moving processing platform and the fixed frame in the parallel direction is c, where 0.3c≤L≤0.5c.

[0016] Furthermore, the adaptive leveling Z-axis machining head also includes a gyroscope, which is fixedly connected to the top center of the Z-axis laser cutting head assembly and electrically connected to the machine base.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention uses a gantry frame to fix the X-axis moving mechanism, and a Y-axis moving processing platform as the material placement and processing platform. During the cutting process, the Y-axis moving processing platform drives the material to move along the Y-axis. Before cutting, the Y-axis moving processing platform moves to one side of the loading device to load the material. After that, the Y-axis moving processing platform moves to a stop below the gantry frame. The X-axis moving mechanism drives the adaptive leveling Z-axis machining head to move, coordinating with the movement of the Y-axis moving processing platform, so that the adaptive leveling Z-axis machining head can handle all surfaces of the upper surface of the material. The height of the area is acquired, and during the laser cutting process of the sheet metal by the adaptive leveling Z-axis machining head, the adaptive leveling Z-axis machining head can adaptively level itself according to the acquired height to ensure that the cutting surface of the sheet metal is always nearly perpendicular to the sheet metal surface, thereby improving the cutting yield. In summary, this laser cutting machine with adaptive leveling can adaptively level itself according to the flatness of the sheet metal during laser cutting, thereby improving the perpendicular cutting rate of the sheet metal and thus improving the yield of sheet metal cutting, thereby improving production efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of the laser cutting machine with adaptive leveling according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the laser cutting machine with adaptive leveling according to the present invention; Figure 3 An exploded view of the adaptive leveling Z-axis machining head of the laser cutting machine with adaptive leveling according to the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the Z-axis laser cutting head assembly of the laser cutting machine with adaptive leveling of the present invention tilted to the left. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the Z-axis laser cutting head assembly of the laser cutting machine with adaptive leveling of the present invention tilted to the right. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the back of the Z-axis laser cutting head assembly of the laser cutting machine with adaptive leveling according to the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the linkage component of the laser cutting machine with adaptive leveling according to the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting frame of the laser cutting machine with adaptive leveling according to the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the dot matrix height measurement component of the laser cutting machine with adaptive leveling according to the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the first connecting member of the laser cutting machine with adaptive leveling according to the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the second connector of the laser cutting machine with adaptive leveling according to the present invention; Figure 12 This is an electrical connection block diagram of the laser cutting machine with adaptive leveling according to the present invention.

[0019] The attached figures are labeled as follows: The cutting machine consists of: main body 1, machine base 11, display screen 111, control panel 112, gantry frame 12, X-axis moving mechanism 13, adaptive leveling Z-axis machining head 14, fixed frame 141, first sliding boss 1411, second sliding boss 1412, first mounting boss 1413, second mounting boss 1414, first pushing device 142, first pushing rod 1421, second pushing device 143, second pushing rod 1431, linkage assembly 144, first connecting piece 1441, first sliding block 14411, and second connecting piece 1. 442, second sliding block 14421, connecting fixing rod 1443, fixing boss 14431, connecting plate 14400, Z-axis laser cutting head assembly 145, mounting block 1451, mounting groove 14511, laser head 1452, lifting frame 1453, lead screw drive device 1454, high-definition camera 1455, dot matrix height measurement assembly 146, fixing frame 1461, first dot matrix infrared distance sensor 1462, second dot matrix infrared distance sensor 1462, gyroscope 147, Y-axis moving processing platform 15; Feeding device 2 Feeding device 3. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To more clearly and completely illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] Please refer to Figures 1-12This invention proposes a laser cutting machine with adaptive leveling, comprising a cutting machine body 1, a feeding device 2, and a discharging device 3. The feeding device 2 is located on one side of the cutting machine body 1 and connected to it, while the discharging device 3 is located on the other side of the cutting machine body 1 and connected to it. The feeding device 2 is used to supply sheet metal into the cutting machine body 1, and the discharging device 3 is used to unload the cut sheet metal from the cutting machine body 1. The cutting machine body 1 includes a machine base 11, a gantry frame 12, an X-axis moving mechanism 13, an adaptive leveling Z-axis machining head 14, and a Y-axis moving machining platform 15. The gantry frame 12 is fixedly connected to the machine base 11, the X-axis moving mechanism 13 is fixedly connected to one side of the gantry frame 12, the adaptive leveling Z-axis machining head 14 is fixedly connected to the moving block of the X-axis moving mechanism 13 and faces downwards, and the Y-axis moving machining platform 15 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the machine base 11 and located below the gantry frame 12. The feeding device 2... The Y-axis moving processing platform 15 and the unloading device 3 are arranged in the same line. The machine base 11 is electrically connected to the loading device 2, the unloading device 3, the X-axis moving mechanism 13, the adaptive leveling Z-axis processing head 14, and the Y-axis moving processing platform 15. The loading action of the loading device 2 and the unloading action of the unloading device 3 are executed by the machine base 11 by issuing corresponding loading or unloading commands. After the Y-axis moving processing platform 15 moves to one side of the loading device 2 to load the sheet, the Y-axis moving processing platform 15 moves to stop below the gantry 12. The X-axis moving mechanism 13 drives the adaptive leveling Z-axis processing head 14 to move, and in coordination with the movement of the Y-axis moving processing platform 15, the adaptive leveling Z-axis processing head 14 obtains the height of all areas of the upper surface of the sheet. During the laser cutting process of the sheet by the adaptive leveling Z-axis processing head 14, the adaptive leveling Z-axis processing head 14 can adaptively level itself according to the obtained height.

[0022] In this embodiment, a gantry frame 12 is used to fix the X-axis moving mechanism 13. The Y-axis moving processing platform 15 serves as the plate placement and processing platform. During the cutting process, the Y-axis moving processing platform 15 drives the plate to move along the Y-axis, while the X-axis moving mechanism 13 drives the adaptive leveling Z-axis processing head 14 to move along the X-axis. The adaptive leveling Z-axis processing head 14 then performs laser cutting on the plate below. Before cutting, the Y-axis moving processing platform 15 is moved to one side of the loading device 2 to load the plate. After that, the Y-axis moving processing platform 15 moves to a stop below the gantry frame 12, and the X-axis moving mechanism 13 drives the adaptive leveling Z-axis processing head 14 to move, cooperating with the Y-axis moving processing. The movement of platform 15 enables the adaptive leveling Z-axis machining head 14 to acquire the height of all areas on the upper surface of the sheet metal. During the laser cutting process of the sheet metal by the adaptive leveling Z-axis machining head 14, the adaptive leveling Z-axis machining head 14 can adaptively level itself according to the acquired height, that is, it can adaptively level and cut according to a part of the warped area of ​​the sheet metal to ensure that the cutting surface of the sheet metal is always close to perpendicular to the surface of the sheet metal, thereby improving the cutting yield. For example, if there is a slight slope warping on the left side of the sheet metal, the adaptive leveling Z-axis machining head 14 will make a small angle adjustment according to the degree of warping when cutting the left side area, so that the laser beam is kept as perpendicular as possible to the warped surface. In summary, this laser cutting machine with adaptive leveling can adaptively level itself according to the flatness of the sheet material during the laser cutting process, thereby improving the vertical cutting rate of the sheet material and thus increasing the yield rate of the sheet material, thereby improving production efficiency.

[0023] In this embodiment, the adaptive leveling Z-axis machining head 14 includes a fixed frame 141, a first pushing device 142, a second pushing device 143, a linkage assembly 144, a Z-axis laser cutting head assembly 145, and a dot matrix height measuring assembly 146. The first pushing device 142 and the second pushing device 143 are both electric cylinders, capable of extending and retracting according to preset commands. One side of the fixed frame 141 is fixedly connected to the moving block of the X-axis moving mechanism 13, and the first pushing device 142 and the second pushing device 143 are both fixedly connected to the other side of the fixed frame 141. Mounting bracket 141 is provided with a first mounting boss 1413 and a second mounting boss 1414. A first pushing device 142 is fixedly connected to the first mounting boss 1413, and a second pushing device 143 is fixedly connected to the second mounting boss 1414. The first pushing rod 1421 of the first pushing device 142 is rotatably connected to one end of the linkage assembly 144 via a rotating connecting bolt. The second pushing rod 1431 of the second pushing device 143 is rotatably connected to the other end of the linkage assembly 144 via a rotating connecting bolt. One side of the linkage assembly 144 forms a longitudinal sliding connection with the fixing bracket 141. One side of the Z-axis laser cutting head assembly 145 is fixedly connected to the other side of the linkage assembly 144 and is centrally positioned. The dot matrix height measuring assembly 146 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the Z-axis laser cutting head assembly 145 and faces downward. The first pushing device 142, the second pushing device 143, the Z-axis laser cutting head assembly 145, and the dot matrix height measuring assembly 146 are all electrically connected to the machine base 11. Before cutting, the dot matrix height measuring assembly 146 moves the sheet laterally under the drive of the X-axis moving mechanism 13, while the Y-axis moving processing platform 15 moves the sheet material laterally. Under the action, the dot matrix height measurement component 146 performs X-axis movement height measurement on the sheet metal by moving the Y-axis at equal intervals, that is, it scans the sheet metal to measure its height and sends the measured height data back to the machine tool 11. The machine tool 11 converts the height data into a three-dimensional graphic and projects it onto the pattern to be cut. The pattern to be cut is projected from above the three-dimensional graphic onto the surface of the three-dimensional graphic to obtain the raised part of the pattern to be cut. Then, the raised part of the pattern to be cut is converted into a program and sent to the adaptive leveling Z-axis machining head 14 for operation during cutting.The specific operation is as follows: Taking the left side of the sheet metal as an example where the sheet metal is raised, during the adaptive leveling process, when the X-axis moving mechanism 13 drives the adaptive leveling Z-axis machining head 14 to move to the left, the raised height of the sheet metal increases as it moves to the left. If the first pushing device 142 is located at the leftmost side of the fixed frame 141 and the second pushing device 143 is located at the rightmost side of the fixed frame 141, the first pushing device 142 will drive the first pushing rod 1421 to retract by a preset amount, and the second pushing device 143 will drive the second pushing rod 1431 to extend by a preset amount. The retraction length of the first pushing rod 1421 is equal to the extension length of the second pushing rod 1431. Under the alternating drive of the first pushing device 142 and the second pushing device 143, the linkage component 144, which was originally in a horizontal state, will tilt to the left at a preset angle based on the bottom edge, so that the Z-axis... The laser cutting head assembly 145 changes from vertical to a preset leftward tilt angle, which is approximately perpendicular to the raised surface. This process occurs simultaneously with the laser cutting performed by the Z-axis laser cutting head assembly 145. Similarly, if the right side of the sheet metal is the raised area, and the first pushing device 142 is located at the leftmost side of the fixing frame 141, and the second pushing device 143 is located at the rightmost side of the fixing frame 141, during adaptive leveling, the first pushing device 142 extends the first pushing rod 1421 by a preset amount, and the second pushing device 143 retracts the second pushing rod 1431 by a preset amount. The extension length of the first pushing rod 1421 and the retraction length of the second pushing rod 1431 are equal, ultimately causing the Z-axis laser cutting head assembly 145 to change from vertical to a preset rightward tilt angle, which is approximately perpendicular to the raised surface.

[0024] In this embodiment, the linkage assembly 144 includes a first connecting member 1441, a second connecting member 1442, and two connecting fixing rods 1443. The two connecting fixing rods 1443 are arranged in parallel. Both ends of the first connecting member 1441 are rotatably connected to one end of each of the two connecting fixing rods 1443 via rotating connecting bolts. Both ends of the second connecting member 1442 are rotatably connected to the other ends of each of the two connecting fixing rods 1443 via rotating connecting bolts. Bearings are provided at both ends of the first connecting member 1441, both ends of the second connecting member 1442, and both ends of the connecting fixing rods 1443. During the rotatable connection, the rotating connecting bolts pass through the central holes of the bearings. Both the first connecting member 1441 and the second connecting member 1442 form a longitudinal sliding connection with the fixing frame 141. One side of the first connecting member 1441 is rotatably connected to the first pushing rod 1421 of the first pushing device 142, and one side of the second connecting member 1442 is rotatably connected to the second pushing rod 1431 of the second pushing device 143. All fixing rods 1443 are fixedly connected to the back of the Z-axis laser cutting head assembly 145. The first connector 1441, the second connector 1442, and the two connecting fixing rods 1443 form a parallelogram structure. For the heavy Z-axis laser cutting head assembly 145, the parallelogram adjustment structure can more accurately and stably adjust the tilt angle. Taking the left side of the sheet as the tilted area, the first pushing device 142 will drive the first pushing rod 1421 to retract by a preset amount, so that the first connector 1441 slides upward relative to the fixing frame 141. At the same time, the second pushing device 143 will drive the second pushing rod 1431 to extend by a preset amount, so that the second connector 1442 slides downward relative to the fixing frame 141. The two connecting fixing rods 1443, which were originally horizontal, are simultaneously tilted to the left by the staggered sliding of the first connector 1441 and the second connector 1442, so that the Z-axis laser cutting head assembly 145 tilts to the left by a preset angle.

[0025] In this embodiment, a first sliding boss 1411 and a second sliding boss 1412 are provided on one side of the fixing frame 141. Both the first sliding boss 1411 and the second sliding boss 1412 are arranged longitudinally. A first sliding block 14411 is provided on one side of the first connector 1441, and the first sliding block 14411 and the first sliding boss 1411 are slidably connected. A second sliding block 14421 is provided on one side of the second connector 1442, and the second sliding block 14421 and the second sliding boss 1412 are slidably connected. The first pushing device 142 drives the first pushing rod 1421 to preset. When the amount of retraction occurs, the first sliding block 14411 slides upward relative to the first sliding boss 1411. When the second pushing device 143 drives the second pushing rod 1431 to extend by a preset amount, the second sliding block 14421 slides downward relative to the second sliding boss 1412. The first sliding boss 1411 is used to provide a sliding guide structure for the first sliding block 14411, and the second sliding boss 1412 is used to provide a sliding guide structure for the second sliding block 14421, so that the first sliding block 14411 and the second sliding block 14421 can only slide up and down.

[0026] In this embodiment, a connecting plate 14400 is centrally located on one side of the first connecting member 1441. The connecting plate 14400 is perpendicular to the first connecting member 1441. The first connecting member 1441 and the second connecting member 1442 have the same structure. One end of the connecting plate 14400 of the first connecting member 1441 is rotatably connected to one end of the first push rod 1421, and one end of the connecting plate 14400 of the second connecting member 1442 is rotatably connected to one end of the second push rod 1431. The connecting plate 14400 makes the first connecting member 1441 or the second connecting member 1442 have a T-shaped structure, so as to facilitate rotatable connection with the first push rod 1421 or the second push rod 1431. A bearing is provided at the connection point between the connecting plate 14400 and the first push rod 1421 or the second push rod 1431 to improve the accuracy of connection and rotation.

[0027] In this embodiment, each of the two connecting fixing rods 1443 has a fixing boss 14431 on one side, and the back of the Z-axis laser cutting head assembly 145 has a mounting groove 14511, in which the fixing boss 14431 is received. The Z-axis laser cutting head assembly 145 includes a mounting block 1451, a laser head 1452, a lifting frame 1453, a lead screw drive device 1454, and a high-definition camera 1455. The laser head 1452, the lead screw drive device 1454, and the high-definition camera 1455 are all electrically connected to the machine base 11. The mounting groove 14511 is located on the back of the mounting block 1451, and the fixing boss 14431 is installed in the mounting groove 14511 by locking screws, thereby fixing the mounting block 1451. On the two connecting rods 1443, one side of the lifting frame 1453 is slidably connected to the front side of the mounting block 1451. The laser head 1452 and the high-definition camera 1455 are both fixedly connected to the lifting frame 1453. The laser head 1452 and the high-definition camera 1455 are both facing downwards. The lead screw drive device 1454 is fixedly connected to the mounting block 1451. The lead screw of the lead screw drive device 1454 passes through one end of the lifting frame 1453 and forms a lead screw connection. The rotation of the lead screw drive device 1454 can drive the lifting frame 1453 to rise and fall, thereby driving the laser head 1452 and the high-definition camera 1455 to rise and fall, so as to adjust the height of laser cutting. The high-definition camera 1455 is used to acquire real-time laser cutting image information.

[0028] In this embodiment, the dot matrix height measurement component 146 includes a fixed frame 1461, two first dot matrix infrared distance sensors 1462, and a second dot matrix infrared distance sensor 1463. One end of the fixed frame 1461 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the Z-axis laser cutting head assembly 145. The two first dot matrix infrared distance sensors 1462 and the second dot matrix infrared distance sensor 1463 are all fixedly connected to one side of the fixed frame 1461. The two first dot matrix infrared distance sensors 1462 are located at both ends of the fixed frame 1461, and the second dot matrix infrared distance sensor 1463 is located in the center of the fixed frame 1461. The center of the fixed frame 1461 is close to the laser head of the Z-axis laser cutting head assembly 146. Alignment 1452, with both first-dot-matrix infrared distance sensors 1462 and second-dot-matrix infrared distance sensors 1463 facing downwards, and both electrically connected to the machine base 11; when the dot-matrix height measuring component 146 measures the sheet metal below, both first-dot-matrix infrared distance sensors 1462 and second-dot-matrix infrared distance sensors 1463 transmit the measured height data back to the machine base 11. The machine base 11 is equipped with a display screen 111 and a control panel 112. Through data conversion by the machine base 11, the display screen 11 can display a 3D graphic of the measured sheet metal, and the worker can control it via the control panel 112. This allows for the translation and cutting of patterns or the issuance of cutting commands on a 3D graphic. The first dot matrix infrared distance sensor 1462 is a dot matrix composed of at least two columns, with at least four infrared distance sensors in each column. During detection, each corresponding infrared distance sensor transmits a height value, and all the infrared distance sensors in the first dot matrix infrared distance sensor 1462 form a dot matrix height. Connecting these dot matrix heights creates a 3D graphic, enabling the detection of curved surfaces in small areas. This is primarily for detecting the height of the sheet metal on the left and right sides of the laser head 1452. The at least two columns improve the accuracy of the height detection. Two first dot matrix infrared distance sensors 1462 are mounted on the mounting bracket 1. 461 can detect whether there is no sheet material within a preset lateral distance near the cutting pattern during the cutting process, ensuring that there is sheet material to cut along the laser cutting path and that the cutting speed is safe. For example, if there is a large hollow hole on the left side of the sheet material, and this sheet material is being reused, then when the worker lays out the cutting pattern and part of the pattern covers the area of ​​the large hollow hole, the pattern in that area will not be cut. Also, because laser cutting is high-temperature, if the cutting speed is too fast, the instantaneous temperature difference will cause the sheet material in thin parts to deform (warp or curl). When approaching the edge of the sheet material or the hollow area, the cutting speed will be slowed down to reduce the temperature difference during cutting.The second dot matrix infrared distance sensor 1463 is a large-area dot matrix composed of at least 4x4 infrared distance sensors. During detection, each corresponding infrared distance sensor transmits a height value, and all the infrared distance sensors in the second dot matrix infrared distance sensor 1463 form a dot matrix height. Connecting these dot matrix heights creates a three-dimensional image, allowing the detection of the surface height of a large area. This is primarily for real-time detection of the sheet metal height along the cutting path of the laser head 1452. Detecting a larger area improves the accuracy of surface detection. Since temperature differences during cutting can cause deformation of thin sections of the sheet metal, the second dot matrix infrared distance sensor 1463 can more accurately detect the degree of sheet metal warping near the laser head 1452's path during cutting. This data is then transmitted back to the machine tool 11 for display. The machine tool 11 then issues corresponding instructions to the first push device 142 or the second push device 143 based on the real-time obtained surface curvature of the sheet metal to make minor adjustments to the angle of the laser head 1452, ensuring the cutting angle is adapted to the surface curvature of the sheet metal to the maximum extent possible.

[0029] In this embodiment, the measuring area of ​​the second dot matrix infrared distance sensor 1463 is 'a', and the measuring area of ​​the first dot matrix infrared distance sensor 1462 is 'b', where a = 7~10b. Since the first dot matrix infrared distance sensor 1462 is only used to detect the presence or absence of sheet metal at a preset distance to the left or right of the laser head 1452, it does not require a large measuring area. However, the second dot matrix infrared distance sensor 1463 needs to detect the cutting path of the laser head 1452 in real time, so it needs a larger measuring area. For example, if the measuring area of ​​the first dot matrix infrared distance sensor 1462 is 420 mm², then the measuring area of ​​the second dot matrix infrared distance sensor 1463 is 2940~4200 mm².

[0030] In this embodiment, the distance between the two first-dot-array infrared distance sensors 1462 is L, and the distance between the Y-axis moving processing platform 15 and the fixed frame 141 in the parallel direction is c, where 0.3c≤L≤0.5c; that is, the distance between the two first-dot-array infrared distance sensors 1462 should not be too large, mainly depending on the width of the Y-axis moving processing platform 15. For example, if c is 800mm, then L should be between 240 and 400mm, which is more suitable. This way, it can be used to detect plates of different widths. Plates smaller than this width will not warp too much in their natural state (except for plates that are already warped), and will basically be on a plane. In this case, there is no need for adaptive leveling during cutting.

[0031] In this embodiment, the adaptive leveling Z-axis machining head 14 also includes a gyroscope 147, which is fixedly connected to the top center of the Z-axis laser cutting head assembly 145 and electrically connected to the machine base 11. When the cutting machine body 1 is in a horizontal state, the gyroscope 147 assists the cutting machine body 1 in initial leveling and also records the angle at which the Z-axis laser cutting head assembly 145 needs to be leveled for the sheet metal. For example, when in a horizontal state, the value of the gyroscope 147 is zero, at which point the Z-axis laser cutting head assembly 145 is aligned with the water surface. The plane is vertical, but during the leveling of the sheet metal, the angle between the sheet metal and the Z-axis laser cutting head assembly 145 is +0.3 degrees. The angle between the sheet metal and the Z-axis laser cutting head assembly 145 is determined by the thickness difference between the two edges of the sheet metal. The greater the thickness difference between the two edges, the larger the angle will be. When the Z-axis laser cutting head assembly 145 is adjusted to be perpendicular to the sheet metal, the gyroscope 147 value is -0.3 degrees. The feedback value can provide the worker with a reference for the sheet metal thickness difference, so as to facilitate subsequent quality control of the sheet metal.

[0032] Of course, the present invention may have many other embodiments. Based on this embodiment, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser cutting machine with adaptive leveling, comprising a cutting machine body, a feeding device, the feeding device is located on one side of the cutting machine body and is connected with the cutting machine body, characterized in that, The main body of the cutting machine includes a machine base, a gantry frame, an X-axis moving mechanism, an adaptive leveling Z-axis machining head, and a Y-axis moving machining platform; The gantry frame is fixedly connected to the machine base. The X-axis moving mechanism is fixedly connected to one side of the gantry frame. The adaptive leveling Z-axis machining head is fixedly connected to the moving block of the X-axis moving mechanism and faces downward. The Y-axis moving machining platform is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the machine base and located below the gantry frame. The loading device, the Y-axis moving machining platform, and the unloading device are arranged in the same line. The machine base is electrically connected to the loading device, the X-axis moving mechanism, the adaptive leveling Z-axis machining head, and the Y-axis moving machining platform, respectively. After the Y-axis moving processing platform is moved to one side of the loading device to load the sheet metal, the Y-axis moving processing platform moves to a stop below the gantry. The X-axis moving mechanism drives the adaptive leveling Z-axis machining head to move, and in coordination with the movement of the Y-axis moving processing platform, the adaptive leveling Z-axis machining head acquires the height of all areas on the upper surface of the sheet metal. During the laser cutting process of the sheet metal by the adaptive leveling Z-axis machining head, the adaptive leveling Z-axis machining head can adaptively level itself according to the acquired height.

2. The laser cutting machine with adaptive leveling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adaptive leveling Z-axis machining head includes a fixed frame, a first pushing device, a second pushing device, a linkage assembly, a Z-axis laser cutting head assembly, and a dot matrix height measuring assembly. One side of the fixed frame is fixedly connected to the moving block of the X-axis moving mechanism. The first pushing device and the second pushing device are both fixedly connected to the other side of the fixed frame. The first pushing rod of the first pushing device is rotatably connected to one end of the linkage assembly, and the second pushing rod of the second pushing device is rotatably connected to the other end of the linkage assembly. One side of the linkage assembly forms a longitudinal sliding connection with the fixed frame. One side of the Z-axis laser cutting head assembly is fixedly connected to the other side of the linkage assembly and is centrally located. The dot matrix height measuring assembly is fixedly connected to the bottom of the Z-axis laser cutting head assembly and faces downward. The first pushing device, the second pushing device, the Z-axis laser cutting head assembly, and the dot matrix height measuring assembly are all electrically connected to the machine tool.

3. The laser cutting machine with adaptive leveling according to claim 2, characterized in that, The linkage assembly includes a first connector, a second connector, and two connecting rods. The two connecting rods are arranged in parallel. The two ends of the first connector are rotatably connected to one end of each of the two connecting rods. The two ends of the second connector are rotatably connected to the other ends of each of the two connecting rods. Both the first connector and the second connector are longitudinally slidably connected to the fixing frame. One side of the first connector is rotatably connected to the first push rod of the first push device. One side of the second connector is rotatably connected to the second push rod of the second push device. Both connecting rods are fixedly connected to the back of the Z-axis laser cutting head assembly.

4. The laser cutting machine with adaptive leveling according to claim 3, characterized in that, The fixing frame has a first sliding boss and a second sliding boss on one side. Both the first sliding boss and the second sliding boss are arranged longitudinally. The first connector has a first sliding block on one side. The first sliding block and the first sliding boss form a sliding connection. The second connector has a second sliding block on one side. The second sliding block and the second sliding boss form a sliding connection.

5. The laser cutting machine with adaptive leveling according to claim 3, characterized in that, A connecting plate is provided in the center of one side of the first connector. The connecting plate is perpendicular to the first connector. The first connector and the second connector have the same structure. One end of the connecting plate of the first connector is rotatably connected to one end of the first push rod. One end of the connecting plate of the second connector is rotatably connected to one end of the second push rod.

6. The laser cutting machine with adaptive leveling according to claim 3, characterized in that, Each of the two connecting fixing rods has a fixing boss on one side, and the back of the Z-axis laser cutting head assembly has a mounting groove, in which the fixing boss is received.

7. The laser cutting machine with adaptive leveling according to claim 2, characterized in that, The dot matrix height measurement component includes a fixed frame, two first dot matrix infrared distance sensors, and a second dot matrix infrared distance sensor. One end of the fixed frame is fixedly connected to the bottom of the Z-axis laser cutting head assembly. The two first dot matrix infrared distance sensors and the second dot matrix infrared distance sensor are both fixedly connected to one side of the fixed frame. The two first dot matrix infrared distance sensors are respectively located at both ends of the fixed frame, and the second dot matrix infrared distance sensor is located in the center of the fixed frame. The center of the fixed frame is aligned with the laser head of the Z-axis laser cutting head assembly. The two first dot matrix infrared distance sensors and the second dot matrix infrared distance sensor all face downwards. The two first dot matrix infrared distance sensors and the second dot matrix infrared distance sensor are all electrically connected to the machine tool.

8. The laser cutting machine with adaptive leveling according to claim 7, characterized in that, The measurement area of ​​the second dot matrix infrared distance sensor is a, and the measurement area of ​​the first dot matrix infrared distance sensor is b, where a = 7~10b.

9. The laser cutting machine with adaptive leveling according to claim 7, characterized in that, The distance between the two first dot matrix infrared distance sensors is L, and the distance between the Y-axis moving processing platform and the fixed frame in the parallel direction is c, where 0.3c≤L≤0.5c.

10. The laser cutting machine with adaptive leveling according to claim 2, characterized in that, The adaptive leveling Z-axis machining head also includes a gyroscope, which is fixedly connected to the top center of the Z-axis laser cutting head assembly and electrically connected to the machine base.

Images