Novel oil fishing wellhead hydraulic blowout preventer

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of bailing wellhead blowout prevention, in particular to a novel bailing wellhead hydraulic blowout preventer which comprises an oil well pipe and further comprises an anti-overflow pipe, a packing box is arranged at the upper end of the oil well pipe, a piston rod is arranged at the upper end of the packing box, and a sealing cover is arranged at the position, located on the outer side of the piston rod, of the upper end of the packing box. A hydraulic cavity is formed in the upper end of the inner side of the packing box, a sealing spring is arranged at the upper end of the inner side of the hydraulic cavity, a packing body is arranged at the lower end of the inner side of the hydraulic cavity, and the lower end of the anti-overflow pipe and the upper end of the packing box are detachably connected through a supporting base. Hydraulic oil is squeezed into a hydraulic cavity of a wellhead through pressing of the hydraulic jack, the packing body is pressed downwards through the spring, the packing body seals the wellhead in the steel wire rope bailing process, crude oil leakage is avoided, and therefore the equipment structure is simplified in a hydraulic mode, the labor intensity of operators is reduced, the sealing performance is improved, and the service life of the packing body is prolonged. Environmental pollution and safety problems possibly caused by blowout accidents are reduced, and practicability is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of blowout prevention technology for oil wellheads, and in particular to a novel hydraulic blowout prevention device for oil wellheads. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of oil fields, the number of oil wells being retrieved is increasing. As oil production continues to rise, the environmental management of retrieved wells has become a top priority. Oil retrieval is a crucial part of oilfield production operations; however, due to the unique nature of oil retrieval operations, the risk of wellhead leakage always exists.

[0003] Traditional oil wellhead equipment is often ineffective at handling leaks, which can lead to resource waste, environmental pollution, and safety accidents. Therefore, developing a new type of blowout preventer for oil wellheads is crucial for improving the safety and efficiency of oil recovery operations.

[0004] Existing blowout preventer devices for oil wells have the following main drawbacks: 1. Insufficient pressure resistance of the blowout preventer leads to leakage. If personnel fail to detect the leakage in time, it not only poses a safety hazard but also pollutes the environment. 2. Oil wells are prone to well kicks or overflows, causing environmental pollution. The cost of source control is high. Therefore, a new type of hydraulic blowout preventer for oil wellheads is needed to improve the above problems.

[0005] This innovative achievement aims to address the shortcomings of traditional oil wellhead equipment in controlling wellhead leakage. By using a hydraulic jack to pressurize and force hydraulic oil into the wellhead hydraulic chamber, and utilizing a spring to press the packing downwards, it seals the wellhead during the wire rope retrieval process, preventing crude oil leakage. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to overcome the shortcomings of traditional oil wellhead equipment in controlling wellhead leakage.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a novel hydraulic blowout preventer for oil wellheads, comprising an oil well pipe and an overflow preventer, wherein a packing box is provided at the upper end of the oil well pipe, a piston rod is provided at the upper end of the packing box, a sealing cap is provided at the upper end of the packing box outside the piston rod, a hydraulic chamber is provided at the upper end of the inner side of the packing box, a sealing spring is provided at the upper end of the inner side of the hydraulic chamber, and a packing body is provided at the lower end of the inner side of the hydraulic chamber. The lower end of the overflow preventer and the upper end of the packing box are detachably connected by a support seat. The lower end of the packing box extends to the inner side of the oil well pipe and is provided with a sealing component. The packing box consists of an upper cylinder and a lower box. The lower end of the upper cylinder and the lower box are connected by a gland head. The lower end of the lower box is equipped with a connecting ring. Hydraulic oil is injected into the hydraulic chamber by hydraulic means, so that the sealing spring presses the packing body downward, which facilitates the sealing of the wellhead during the wire rope retrieval process. At the same time, the anti-overflow pipe is used to increase the protection effect and improve safety.

[0008] As a preferred option, the well pipe has a cross-shaped structure design, with four connecting ports at the ends. The lower end of the upper cylinder is connected to the connecting ports, and the connecting ring is sleeved with the connecting ports to facilitate the installation of protective devices.

[0009] Preferably, the lower end of the piston rod extends to the inner side of the hydraulic chamber and is slidably connected to the upper cylinder. A steel cable through hole is opened inside the piston rod, which runs through the piston rod from top to bottom. A roller assembly is provided on the outer side of the packing box at the upper end of the piston rod. The wire rope passes through the steel cable through hole and forms an anti-deviation positioning at the top through the roller assembly to prevent the wire rope from rubbing against the side.

[0010] Preferably, a valve plate is fixedly installed on the upper end of the sealing spring, and the valve plate is slidably connected to the hydraulic chamber. The lower end of the sealing spring is fitted and connected to the upper end of the disk body. A hydraulic port is provided on the surface of the upper cylinder, which is located above the valve plate and connected to the hydraulic chamber. The pressure of the hydraulic oil is borne by the valve plate and squeezes the top of the sealing spring, thereby pressing the disk body downward and ensuring the sealing of the wellhead.

[0011] Preferably, the main body of the tray has the same steel cable through hole, and the bottom of the lower box has a wire hole. The wire hole and the steel cable through hole are compatible with each other, which facilitates the passage of steel wire rope.

[0012] Preferably, the support base has a ring structure design, and the lower end of the support base and the overflow prevention pipe are detachably connected. The upper end of the overflow prevention pipe is equipped with a gate valve, and the surface of the overflow prevention pipe is respectively equipped with a liquid level sensor and a gas detection sensor. The ends of the liquid level sensor and the gas detection sensor extend to the inside of the overflow prevention pipe. The overflow prevention pipe is installed on the top of the packing box through the support base, so that when overflow occurs, the overflowing liquid and gas enter the overflow prevention pipe. The sensor detects whether an overflow has occurred and connects to the alarm device, which facilitates timely detection by personnel and improves safety.

[0013] Preferably, the sealing assembly includes a ball valve, with lower positioning plates installed at both ends of the inner side of the connecting ring. The lower positioning plates and the inner wall of the connecting ring are movably connected by a mounting bracket. An upper positioning seat is provided on the lower end face of the lower housing located inside the connecting ring. The ball valve is located between the lower positioning plate and the upper positioning seat, and the upper and lower ends of the ball valve are slidably connected to the lower positioning plate and the upper positioning seat, respectively. The ball valve blocks the through hole, increases the sealing effect, seals the wellhead in time, alleviates the high-pressure impact of oil and gas on the blowout preventer, and avoids damage to the blowout preventer.

[0014] Preferably, the lower positioning plate has a trapezoidal structure design, with its upper end rotatably connected to the mounting bracket. The mounting bracket is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting ring. Two upper positioning seats are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the line hole. One end of the upper positioning seat has an arc-shaped structure design, while the other end has a beveled structure design. The high-pressure impact at the wellhead can drive the lower positioning plate to move, thereby pushing the ball valve to form a seal on the through hole, preventing the impact from damaging the blowout preventer and improving practicality.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. This new type of hydraulic blowout preventer for oil wellheads uses a hydraulic jack to press hydraulic oil into the hydraulic chamber at the wellhead, causing the sealing spring to press the base body downwards, thus sealing the wellhead during the wire rope retrieval process and preventing crude oil leakage. This simplifies the equipment structure by using hydraulic technology, reduces the labor intensity of operators, increases sealing performance, reduces environmental pollution and safety issues that may be caused by blowout accidents, and improves practicality. 2. This new type of hydraulic blowout preventer for oil wellheads uses an outer overflow preventer to protect the top of the packing box. When the blowout preventer is damaged, the overflowing liquid and gas enter the overflow preventer, and the sensor can detect whether an overflow has occurred, making it easy to connect an alarm device, increasing safety, facilitating timely detection by personnel, and improving the safety and efficiency of oil recovery operations. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the internal structure of a novel hydraulic blowout preventer for oil wellheads according to the present invention. Figure 2 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the overall structure of a novel hydraulic blowout preventer for oil wellheads according to the present invention. Figure 3 The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of the overflow pipe structure of a novel hydraulic blowout preventer for oil wellheads according to the present invention. Figure 4 The present invention is shown Figure 1 Enlarged structural diagram of point A in the middle.

[0017] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Oil well pipe; 2. Packing box; 21. Upper cylinder; 22. Lower box; 23. Gland head; 24. Connecting ring; 3. Piston rod; 4. Sealing cap; 5. Hydraulic chamber; 51. Hydraulic port; 6. Sealing spring; 61. Valve plate; 7. Packing body; 8. Overflow prevention pipe; 81. Liquid level sensor; 82. Gas detection sensor; 9. Support seat; 10. Ball valve; 101. Lower positioning plate; 102. Upper positioning seat. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0019] Example 1 Please see Figures 1-4 The present invention provides an embodiment of a novel hydraulic blowout preventer for oil wellheads, comprising an oil well pipe 1 and an overflow preventer 8. A packing box 2 is provided at the upper end of the oil well pipe 1, a piston rod 3 is provided at the upper end of the packing box 2, a sealing cover 4 is provided at the upper end of the packing box 2 outside the piston rod 3, a hydraulic chamber 5 is provided at the upper end of the inner side of the packing box 2, a sealing spring 6 is provided at the upper end of the inner side of the hydraulic chamber 5, a packing body 7 is provided at the lower end of the inner side of the hydraulic chamber 5, the lower end of the overflow preventer 8 and the upper end of the packing box 2 are detachably connected by a support seat 9, and the lower end of the packing box 2 extends to the inner side of the oil well pipe 1 and is provided with a sealing component. The packing box 2 consists of an upper cylinder 21 and a lower box 22. The lower end of the upper cylinder 21 and the lower box 22 are connected by a gland 23. A connecting ring 24 is provided at the lower end of the lower box 22.

[0020] Please see 1 and Figure 2 In this embodiment, the oil well pipe 1 has a cross-shaped structure design. The end of the oil well pipe 1 is provided with a connecting pipe port. There are four connecting pipe ports. The lower end of the upper cylinder 21 is connected to the connecting pipe port, and the connecting ring 24 is sleeved with the connecting pipe port.

[0021] In this embodiment: When in use, the blowout preventer is installed on the top of the well pipe 1, the bottom of the lower box 22 is connected to the connecting pipe, the connecting ring 24 extends to the inside of the pipe, and then the personnel use a hydraulic jack to press hydraulic oil into the hydraulic chamber 5, so that the sealing spring 6 presses the base body 7 downward, so that it seals the wellhead during the wire rope retrieval process, achieving no crude oil leakage.

[0022] Example 2 Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 Based on Embodiment 1, this application provides a technical solution: the lower end of the piston rod 3 extends to the inner side of the hydraulic chamber 5 and is slidably connected to the upper cylinder 21. A steel cable through hole is opened inside the piston rod 3, and the steel cable through hole is formed by passing through the piston rod 3 from top to bottom. A roller group is provided on the outer side of the packing box 2 at the upper end of the piston rod 3.

[0023] In this embodiment: the lifting wire rope passes through the steel cable through hole from the top of the piston rod 3 into the blowout preventer, and is positioned by the roller group to prevent the wire rope from rubbing unevenly.

[0024] Example 3 Please see Figure 1Based on Example 1, a valve plate 61 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the sealing spring 6. The valve plate 61 and the hydraulic chamber 5 are slidably connected. The lower end of the sealing spring 6 is attached to the upper end of the disc body 7. A hydraulic port 51 is provided on the surface of the upper cylinder 21. The hydraulic port 51 is located above the valve plate 61 and is connected to the hydraulic chamber 5.

[0025] Please refer to 1. In this embodiment, the same steel cable through hole is provided in the substrate 7, and the bottom of the lower box 22 is provided with a wire hole. The wire hole and the steel cable through hole are compatible with each other.

[0026] In this embodiment: the hydraulic port 51 is connected to the hydraulic equipment, so that hydraulic oil can be injected into the hydraulic chamber 5. Under pressure operation, the valve plate 61 squeezes the sealing spring 6, which presses the base body 7 downward to seal the wellhead and prevent leakage.

[0027] Example 4 Please see Figure 1 and Figure 3 Based on Embodiment 1, this application provides a technical solution: the support base 9 is designed with a ring structure, the lower end of the support base 9 and the overflow pipe 8 are detachably connected, the upper end of the overflow pipe 8 is provided with a gate valve, and the surface of the overflow pipe 8 is respectively provided with a liquid level sensor 81 and a gas detection sensor 82, the ends of the liquid level sensor 81 and the gas detection sensor 82 both extend to the inner side of the overflow pipe 8.

[0028] Please see 1 and Figure 4 In this embodiment, the sealing assembly includes a ball valve 10. Lower positioning plates 101 are installed on both the left and right ends of the inner side of the connecting ring 24. The lower positioning plates 101 and the inner wall of the connecting ring 24 are movably connected by a mounting bracket. An upper positioning seat 102 is provided on the lower end face of the lower box 22 located inside the connecting ring 24. The ball valve 10 is located between the lower positioning plates 101 and the upper positioning seat 102, and the upper and lower ends of the ball valve 10 are slidably connected to the lower positioning plates 101 and the upper positioning seat 102, respectively.

[0029] Please refer to 4. In this embodiment, the lower positioning plate 101 is designed in a trapezoidal structure. The upper end of the lower positioning plate 101 is rotatably connected to the mounting bracket. The mounting bracket is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting ring 24. There are two upper positioning seats 102 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the wire hole. The surface of one end of the upper positioning seat 102 is designed in an arc shape, and the surface of the other end of the upper positioning seat 102 is designed in a slope shape.

[0030] In this embodiment: the overflow preventer 8 is installed at the bottom of the packing box 2 for protection. When the blowout preventer is damaged, the overflowing liquid and gas enter the overflow preventer 8, thereby allowing the sensor to detect whether an overflow has occurred. This facilitates connection to the alarm device, increases safety, and makes it easier for personnel to detect the overflow in a timely manner, thus improving the safety and efficiency of oil retrieval operations. During a blowout, the pressure in the wellhead pushes the lower positioning plates 101 on both sides to move, forming a seal through the ball valve 10 to the through holes, increasing the sealing effect, sealing the wellhead in time, relieving the high pressure impact of oil and gas on the blowout preventer, and preventing damage to the blowout preventer.

[0031] During operation, the blowout preventer is installed on the top of the well casing 1, connected to the bottom of the lower box 22 and the connecting pipe port. The connecting ring 24 extends to the inside of the pipe port. Then, personnel use a hydraulic jack to pressurize and squeeze hydraulic oil into the hydraulic chamber 5, which is connected to the hydraulic equipment through the hydraulic pipe port 51. Under pressure, the valve plate 61 squeezes the sealing spring 6, which presses the packing body 7 downward to seal the wellhead and prevent leakage. The use of hydraulics simplifies the equipment structure, reduces the labor intensity of operators, and increases sealing performance. At the same time, the overflow preventer 8 can be installed on the top of the packing box 2 for protection. When the blowout preventer is damaged, the overflow liquid and gas enter the overflow preventer 8, which is detected by the sensor to facilitate the connection of the alarm device, increase safety, facilitate timely detection by personnel, and improve the safety and efficiency of oil recovery operations. During a blowout, the pressure in the wellhead pushes the lower positioning plates 101 on both sides to move, forming a seal through the ball valve 10 to the through holes, increasing the sealing effect, sealing the wellhead in time, relieving the high pressure impact of oil and gas on the blowout preventer, and preventing damage to the blowout preventer.

[0032] Through the above steps, the blowout preventer is installed on the top of the well pipe 1, connected to the bottom of the lower box 22 and the connecting pipe port, and the connecting ring 24 extends to the inside of the pipe port. Then, personnel use a hydraulic jack to press hydraulic oil into the hydraulic chamber 5, so that the sealing spring 6 presses the base body 7 downward, so that it seals the wellhead during the wire rope retrieval process, achieving no crude oil leakage, thus solving the problem of insufficient wellhead leakage control in traditional oil retrieval equipment.

[0033] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A new type of oil well mouth hydraulic blowout preventer device, comprising an oil well pipe (1), characterized in that: It also includes an overflow pipe (8), a packing box (2) is provided at the upper end of the oil well pipe (1), a piston rod (3) is provided at the upper end of the packing box (2), a sealing cover (4) is provided at the upper end of the packing box (2) outside the piston rod (3), a hydraulic chamber (5) is provided at the upper end of the inner side of the packing box (2), a sealing spring (6) is provided at the upper end of the inner side of the hydraulic chamber (5), a packing body (7) is provided at the lower end of the inner side of the hydraulic chamber (5), the lower end of the overflow pipe (8) and the upper end of the packing box (2) are detachably connected by a support seat (9), the lower end of the packing box (2) extends to the inner side of the oil well pipe (1) and is provided with a sealing component; The packing box (2) consists of an upper cylinder (21) and a lower box (22). The lower end of the upper cylinder (21) and the lower box (22) are connected by a gland (23). A connecting ring (24) is provided at the lower end of the lower box (22).

2. A new type of fishing oil well mouth hydraulic blowout preventer device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil well pipe (1) is designed with a cross-shaped structure. The end of the oil well pipe (1) is provided with a connecting pipe port. There are four connecting pipe ports. The lower end of the upper cylinder (21) is connected to the connecting pipe port, and the connecting ring (24) is sleeved with the connecting pipe port.

3. A novel hydraulic blowout preventer for fishing oil wellheads according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower end of the piston rod (3) extends to the inner side of the hydraulic chamber (5) and is slidably connected to the upper cylinder (21). A steel cable through hole is provided inside the piston rod (3), which is formed by passing through the piston rod (3) from top to bottom. A roller assembly is provided on the outer side of the packing box (2) at the upper end of the piston rod (3).

4. The novel hydraulic blowout preventer for oil wellheads according to claim 1, characterized in that: A valve plate (61) is fixedly installed on the upper end of the sealing spring (6). The valve plate (61) and the hydraulic chamber (5) are slidably connected. The lower end of the sealing spring (6) and the upper end of the disc body (7) are closely connected. A hydraulic port (51) is provided on the surface of the upper cylinder (21). The hydraulic port (51) is located above the valve plate (61) and is connected to the hydraulic chamber (5).

5. A novel hydraulic blowout preventer for oil wellheads according to claim 1, characterized in that: The same steel cable through hole is opened in the main body (7), and the bottom of the lower box (22) is opened with a wire hole. The wire hole and the steel cable through hole are compatible with each other.

6. A novel hydraulic blowout preventer for oil wellheads according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support base (9) is designed in a ring structure. The lower end of the support base (9) and the overflow pipe (8) are detachably connected. The upper end of the overflow pipe (8) is equipped with a gate valve. The surface of the overflow pipe (8) is respectively equipped with a liquid level sensor (81) and a gas detection sensor (82). The ends of the liquid level sensor (81) and the gas detection sensor (82) extend to the inside of the overflow pipe (8).

7. A novel hydraulic blowout preventer for oil wellheads according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sealing assembly includes a ball valve (10), and lower positioning plates (101) are installed on both the left and right ends of the inner side of the connecting ring (24). The lower positioning plate (101) and the inner wall of the connecting ring (24) are movably connected by a mounting bracket. The lower end face of the lower box (22) is located inside the connecting ring (24) and an upper positioning seat (102) is provided. The ball valve (10) is located between the lower positioning plate (101) and the upper positioning seat (102), and the upper and lower ends of the ball valve (10) are slidably connected to the lower positioning plate (101) and the upper positioning seat (102) respectively.

8. A novel hydraulic blowout preventer for oil wellheads according to claim 7, characterized in that: The lower positioning plate (101) is designed in a trapezoidal structure. The upper end of the lower positioning plate (101) is rotatably connected to the mounting bracket. The mounting bracket is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting ring (24). There are two upper positioning seats (102) symmetrically arranged on both sides of the wire hole. The surface of one end of the upper positioning seat (102) is designed in an arc shape, and the surface of the other end of the upper positioning seat (102) is designed in a sloping shape.

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