Multifunctional test workbench for rolling bearing

Abstract

The invention discloses a multifunctional test workbench for a rolling bearing, and relates to the technical field of bearing performance test equipment, the multifunctional test workbench comprises a rack, a rotating shaft, a driving module, a load simulation module, a detection module, an adjustable assembly module and an adjustable support module, the rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the rack, and a plurality of detachable mounting positions are arranged on the rotating shaft; the driving module is a servo motor which is in transmission connection with a rotating shaft, the load simulation module is a magnetic powder brake which is installed at one end of the rotating shaft, the detection module is an encoder which is installed at the other end of the rotating shaft, and the adjustable assembly module is arranged at the matching position of the rotating shaft and a bearing. The adjustable supporting module is a bearing seat with adjustable supporting rigidity, and the bearing seat is installed on the rack and supports the rotating shaft. According to the multifunctional test workbench for the rolling bearing, the test efficiency is greatly improved; elastic support buffers vibration, closed-loop control reduces errors, and different assembly modes are simulated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bearing performance testing equipment, and in particular to a multifunctional testing workbench for rolling bearings. Background Technology

[0002] The technical system of bearing testing equipment mainly comprises four core modules: simulation technology, drive technology, loading technology, and measurement and control technology. Simulation technology focuses on reproducing the bearing's assembly form, stress state, lubrication environment, and temperature and pressure conditions. Drive technology primarily uses servo motors, high-frequency spindle motors, and other power sources, coupled with couplings to achieve precise speed adjustment. Some high-end equipment has applied magnetic levitation electric spindles to meet ultra-high-speed requirements. The mainstream loading technologies include hydraulic loading, electric cylinder loading, and magnetic powder braking loading. Among these, electro-hydraulic proportional loading is widely used in complex load simulation scenarios due to its high control precision and fast response. Measurement and control technology relies on encoders, force sensors, high-definition imaging equipment, and other technologies, combined with closed-loop control algorithms, to achieve real-time acquisition and analysis of data such as speed, load, and defects.

[0003] Existing testing equipment can be divided into two categories: dedicated testing machines and comprehensive testing equipment. Dedicated testing machines are designed for specific scenarios, such as aerospace bearing testing machines that focus on high-temperature, high-speed, and extreme working condition testing, and wind turbine bearing test benches that emphasize load simulation of large bearings. Comprehensive testing equipment attempts to integrate multi-dimensional testing functions; for example, some equipment can simultaneously achieve speed adjustment and radial and axial load application, using an industrial control computer to automatically record and analyze data. In addition, with the increasing demand for intelligence, some equipment has incorporated deep learning models and digital twin technology for defect identification and life prediction, further expanding the depth and breadth of testing. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-functional testing workbench for rolling bearings, which can complete multi-dimensional testing without changing equipment. With a quick-assembly and disassembly structure, it is adaptable to a variety of test parts and scenarios, greatly improving testing efficiency. Servo motors and encoders ensure precise speed control, elastic supports buffer vibration, closed-loop control reduces errors, and the equipment and test data have excellent stability. It can simulate different assembly methods, support stiffness, and multi-directional forces. The closed-loop control system dynamically adjusts the load, and the test scenarios are close to real working conditions.

[0005] This invention provides a multifunctional testing workbench for rolling bearings, including a frame, a rotating shaft, a drive module, a load simulation module, a detection module, an adjustable assembly module, and an adjustable support module. The rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the frame and has multiple detachable mounting positions. The drive module is a servo motor, which is connected to the rotating shaft. The load simulation module is a magnetic powder brake, which is mounted on one end of the rotating shaft. The detection module is an encoder, which is mounted on the other end of the rotating shaft. The adjustable assembly module is located at the mating point between the rotating shaft and the bearing. The adjustable support module is a bearing seat with adjustable support stiffness, which is mounted on the frame and supports the rotating shaft.

[0006] Preferably, the detachable mounting position on the shaft is provided with a keyway and a locking bolt.

[0007] Preferably, the magnetic powder brake is connected to a closed-loop control system, which is connected to the encoder signal.

[0008] Preferably, the adjustable assembly module includes a replaceable bushing, which is fitted onto the outside of the rotating shaft.

[0009] Preferably, the bearing housing includes a bearing housing base, an elastic support member, and an adjusting bolt, with the elastic support member disposed between the bearing housing base and the bearing.

[0010] Preferably, the adjustable support module includes a loading mechanism, which is a hydraulic cylinder or a weight loading assembly.

[0011] Preferably, the servo motor is connected to the rotating shaft via a coupling, and the coupling is a flexible coupling.

[0012] Therefore, this invention employs the aforementioned multi-functional testing workbench for rolling bearings, enabling multi-dimensional testing without equipment replacement. Combined with a quick-assembly / disassembly structure, it adapts to various test parts and scenarios, significantly improving testing efficiency. Servo motors and encoders ensure precise speed control, elastic support buffers vibration, closed-loop control reduces errors, and the equipment and test data exhibit excellent stability. It can simulate different assembly methods, support stiffness, and multi-directional forces, with the closed-loop control system dynamically adjusting the load, making the testing scenarios closely resemble real-world working conditions.

[0013] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a multifunctional testing workbench for rolling bearings according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustable assembly module structure of a multifunctional testing workbench for rolling bearings according to the present invention.

[0015] Figure Labels 1. Frame; 2. Shaft; 3. Test parts; 4. Servo motor; 5. Adjustable assembly module; 6. Magnetic powder brake; 7. Encoder; 8. Closed-loop control system; 9. Bushing; 10. Loading mechanism; 11. Coupling; 12. Bearing seat base; 13. Elastic support; 14. Adjusting bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0017] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this invention shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0018] The terms "first," "second," and similar words used in this invention do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0019] Example 1 like Figures 1-2 As shown, this invention discloses a multifunctional testing workbench for rolling bearings, comprising a frame 1, a rotating shaft 2, a drive module, a load simulation module, a testing module, an adjustable assembly module 5, and an adjustable support module. Through the integrated design of these modules, a complete and collaborative testing system is constructed, providing a structural foundation for multi-dimensional working condition simulation and performance testing, achieving functional integration, and avoiding the cumbersome operation of switching between multiple devices.

[0020] The rotating shaft 2 is rotatably mounted on the frame 1. Multiple detachable mounting positions are provided on the shaft 2 for mounting discs, fans, turbines, gears, or test parts 3. The maximum speed of the shaft 2 is less than 10,000 rpm, and it is compatible with bearing model 6205. The detachable mounting positions on the shaft 2 are equipped with keyways and locking bolts, enabling quick positioning and disassembly of the test parts 3. This expands the compatibility range of the test parts 3, meeting the testing requirements of bearing model 6205 and similar specifications. The keyway and locking bolt design significantly reduces the part assembly and disassembly time, improves testing efficiency, and enhances the equipment's adaptability to different testing scenarios.

[0021] The drive module is a servo motor 4, which is connected to the rotating shaft 2 for rotation and speed control. The servo motor 4 is connected to the rotating shaft 2 via a coupling 11, which is a flexible coupling to compensate for installation deviations. The servo motor 4 achieves precise speed control, ensuring the stability of the test speed; the flexible coupling 11 effectively compensates for assembly deviations, reduces the equipment assembly precision requirements, minimizes transmission errors, and improves the reliability of test data.

[0022] The load simulation module consists of a magnetic powder brake 6, which is installed at one end of the rotating shaft 2 to apply a controllable torque load to the shaft. The magnetic powder brake 6 is connected to a closed-loop control system 8, which is signal-connected to the encoder 7. This system can adjust the torque load in real time according to the rotational speed of the shaft 2. This achieves precise control and dynamic adaptation of the torque load, recreating variable load and speed conditions through closed-loop feedback logic. It solves the problem of rigid load adjustment in traditional equipment, improving the realism and accuracy of the load simulation.

[0023] The detection module is encoder 7, which is installed at the other end of the rotating shaft 2 and is used to detect the rotational speed and direction of rotation of the rotating shaft 2. It acquires rotational speed and direction data in real time with low feedback delay, providing accurate signal support for the closed-loop control system 8. Simultaneously, it records the operating status during the test, providing reliable data for bearing performance analysis.

[0024] An adjustable assembly module is located at the mating point between the rotating shaft 2 and the bearing, enabling different assembly methods—interference fit, transition fit, or clearance fit—between the bearing bore and the rotating shaft 2. The adjustable assembly module includes a replaceable bushing 9, which is fitted onto the outside of the rotating shaft 2. By replacing bushings 9 with different inner diameters, different assembly fits with the bearing bore can be achieved. It allows for flexible switching between three mainstream assembly methods, accurately simulating the actual bearing installation state, filling the gap in traditional equipment's inability to reproduce the performance impact of assembly methods, and making test data more valuable for practical reference.

[0025] The adjustable support module is a bearing housing with adjustable support stiffness. The bearing housing is mounted on the frame 1 and supports the rotating shaft 2. The bearing housing can achieve different support stiffness adjustments and can apply forces to the bearing in different directions. The bearing housing includes a bearing housing base 12, an elastic support member 13, and an adjusting bolt 14. The elastic support member 13 is positioned between the bearing housing base 12 and the bearing. The support stiffness is adjusted by changing the compression of the elastic support member 13 through the adjusting bolt 14. The adjustable support module includes a loading mechanism 10, which is a hydraulic cylinder or a weight loading assembly, capable of applying controllable forces to the bearing in radial, axial, or combined directions. The support stiffness is continuously adjustable, simulating the support environment of different equipment; the multi-directional loading function comprehensively reproduces the complex stress conditions of the bearing; two loading schemes adapt to different accuracy and cost requirements, improving the equipment's coverage of diverse testing scenarios.

[0026] Therefore, this invention employs the aforementioned multi-functional testing workbench for rolling bearings, enabling multi-dimensional testing without equipment replacement. Combined with a quick-assembly / disassembly structure, it adapts to various test parts and scenarios, significantly improving testing efficiency. Servo motors and encoders ensure precise speed control, elastic support buffers vibration, closed-loop control reduces errors, and the equipment and test data exhibit excellent stability. It can simulate different assembly methods, support stiffness, and multi-directional forces, with the closed-loop control system dynamically adjusting the load, making the testing scenarios closely resemble real-world working conditions.

[0027] Working Principle: Using frame 1 as a stable foundation, the rotating shaft 2 is rotatably mounted on the bearing seat of the adjustable support module, constructing the core load-bearing structure for testing. Based on the test objectives, the 6205 model bearing and test components 3, such as the disc, fan, and gears, are quickly positioned and installed via the detachable mounting position with keyways and locking bolts on the rotating shaft 2. The keyways and locking bolts facilitate rapid assembly and disassembly of the components, ensuring precise fixation. According to the simulated actual assembly conditions, a replaceable bushing 9 with the corresponding inner diameter is fitted onto the outside of the rotating shaft. The adjustable assembly module 5 allows switching between interference, transition, or clearance fits between the bearing hole and the rotating shaft 2, completing the pre-test assembly adaptation.

[0028] The servo motor 4 of the drive module is connected to the rotating shaft 2 via a flexible coupling 11 (the flexible coupling can compensate for installation deviations and ensure transmission accuracy). After receiving the control signal, the servo motor 4 starts and drives the rotating shaft 2 to rotate stably at a preset speed, with a maximum speed not exceeding 10,000 rpm. This provides controllable and stable rotational power input for bearing testing and meets the testing requirements of different speed conditions.

[0029] The magnetic powder brake 6, installed at one end of the shaft 2, serves as the core of the load simulation. It applies a torque load to the shaft 2 to simulate the resistance experienced by the bearing during actual operation. The closed-loop control system 8 connected to the magnetic powder brake 6 establishes a real-time signal connection with the encoder 7 of the detection module. The encoder 7 continuously collects the rotational speed and direction data of the shaft 2 and feeds it back to the closed-loop control system 8. The closed-loop control system 8 compares the feedback data with the preset load parameters and automatically adjusts the excitation current of the magnetic powder brake 6, thereby dynamically adjusting the magnitude of the torque load. This achieves closed-loop control of speed detection and load adjustment, accurately reproducing the variable load and speed operation conditions.

[0030] The encoder 7, installed at the other end of the shaft 2, serves as the core detection component, capturing the shaft's rotational speed and direction of rotation in real time. On one hand, it provides crucial feedback signals for load adjustment to the closed-loop control system 8, ensuring dynamic matching between load and speed; on the other hand, it records the operating data throughout the entire testing process, preserving original data for subsequent bearing performance analysis.

[0031] Support stiffness adjustment: By rotating the adjusting bolt 14 of the bearing housing in the adjustable support module, the compression of the elastic support member 13 between the bearing housing base 12 and the bearing is changed, thereby adjusting the support stiffness of the bearing housing. Simulating the installation support environment of bearings in different equipment, multi-directional force loading: With the help of the loading mechanism 10 (hydraulic cylinder or weight loading assembly) of the adjustable support module, controllable forces in the radial, axial or combined directions are applied to the test bearing, fully restoring the complex load state faced by the bearing in actual operation and expanding the dimension of working condition simulation.

[0032] Throughout the testing process, all modules worked together continuously: servo motor 4 maintained a stable speed, magnetic powder brake 6 dynamically matched the load, encoder 7 collected data in real time, and adjustable assembly and support modules ensured adaptability to working conditions. Finally, through the synchronous recording of multi-dimensional parameters, comprehensive and accurate test data support was provided for analyzing the performance of bearings under different assembly methods, support stiffness, speed, load, and force direction.

[0033] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent substitutions cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional testing workbench for rolling bearings, characterized in that, It includes a frame, a rotating shaft, a drive module, a load simulation module, a detection module, an adjustable assembly module, and an adjustable support module. The rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the frame and has multiple detachable mounting positions. The drive module is a servo motor, which is connected to the rotating shaft. The load simulation module is a magnetic powder brake, which is mounted on one end of the rotating shaft. The detection module is an encoder, which is mounted on the other end of the rotating shaft. The adjustable assembly module is located at the mating point between the rotating shaft and the bearing. The adjustable support module is a bearing housing with adjustable support stiffness, which is mounted on the frame and supports the rotating shaft.

2. A multifunctional testing workbench for rolling bearings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detachable mounting position on the shaft is equipped with a keyway and a locking bolt.

3. A multifunctional testing workbench for rolling bearings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetic powder brake is connected to a closed-loop control system, which is connected to the encoder signal.

4. A multifunctional testing workbench for rolling bearings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustable assembly module includes a replaceable bushing, which is fitted onto the outside of the shaft.

5. A multifunctional testing workbench for rolling bearings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bearing housing includes a bearing housing base, an elastic support member, and an adjusting bolt. The elastic support member is located between the bearing housing base and the bearing.

6. A multifunctional testing workbench for rolling bearings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustable support module includes a loading mechanism, which is a hydraulic cylinder or a weight loading component.

7. A multifunctional testing workbench for rolling bearings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The servo motor is connected to the rotating shaft via a coupling, which is a flexible coupling.

Images