Debugging method for ship air conditioner ventilation system

Abstract

The invention discloses a debugging method for a ship air conditioner ventilation system. The method specifically comprises the following steps that S1, air conditioner system equipment and a piping system are checked; s2, air conditioner automatic adjusting system line inspection; s3, checking the performance of the air conditioning system; s4, after the performance verification of the air-conditioning system is completed, the air-conditioning system is started to measure and adjust the air volume of the air-conditioning system; and S5, after air volume measurement and adjustment of the air conditioning system are completed, comprehensive effect measurement of the air conditioning system is conducted, and comprehensive effect measurement of the air conditioning system is completed. The method comprises the specific contents and requirements of preparation work before debugging of the air conditioning system, checking before operation of the air conditioning system, checking of an air conditioning system regulator, a detection instrument and an automatic regulating system, air volume measurement and regulation of the air conditioning system, comprehensive effect measurement of the air conditioning system, protection of the air conditioning system, operation fault removal of the air conditioning system and the like. The debugging period of the air-conditioning ventilation system can be shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of shipbuilding technology, and in particular relates to a method for commissioning a ship air conditioning and ventilation system. Background Technology

[0002] During the shipbuilding process, the commissioning of the air conditioning and ventilation system is a crucial task. Modern ships have numerous cabins, which increases the difficulty of commissioning the air conditioning and ventilation system. In the past, the commissioning process for air conditioning and ventilation was time-consuming and demanding. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a commissioning method for ship air conditioning and ventilation systems. The method of this invention, through specific contents and requirements in aspects such as preparatory work before commissioning of the air conditioning system, pre-operation inspection of the air conditioning system, calibration of the air conditioning system regulator, testing instruments and automatic adjustment system, measurement and adjustment of the air volume of the air conditioning system, measurement of the overall effect of the air conditioning system, protection of the air conditioning system, and troubleshooting of the air conditioning system operation, can shorten the commissioning cycle of the air conditioning and ventilation system.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the technical solution provided by this invention patent is as follows: A method for commissioning a ship's air conditioning and ventilation system, the method specifically includes the following steps: S1, Inspection of air conditioning system equipment and piping, check whether the installation of the fan and motor meets the requirements, check whether the fan regulating valve is working properly; conduct a pre-start test on the fan, and the fan should run continuously for no less than 2 hours; S2, Check the automatic air conditioning system circuit, verify whether the model, specifications and installation location of sensitive components, regulating instruments, detection instruments and regulating actuators are consistent with the design drawings; S3, Air Conditioning System Performance Verification: This involves verifying the performance of individual regulators and testing instruments. After the individual performance verification is completed, the automatic air conditioning system linkage test is performed. S4. After the air conditioning system performance verification is completed, start the air conditioning system to measure and adjust the air volume of the air conditioning system. S5. After the air volume measurement and adjustment of the air conditioning system is completed, the comprehensive effect measurement of the air conditioning system is carried out to determine whether the air parameters after the air conditioner is processed are consistent with the air parameters in the air-conditioned room work area. The fluctuation range of the air parameters in the air-conditioned room work area is measured to see if it meets the requirements. The air conditioning system runs continuously for no less than 8 hours. During the operation of the air conditioning system, the stability operation test of the regulating components in the air conditioning system is carried out to complete the comprehensive effect measurement of the air conditioning system.

[0005] Furthermore, the airflow measurement and adjustment of the air conditioning system specifically involves: S41. Before starting the ventilator, adjust the regulating valves on the air duct and air outlet to make the regulating valves fully open, and place the three-way regulating valve in the middle position. Adjust the position of various regulating valves in the air handling room according to the actual operating status. S42, turn on the ventilation fan and measure the air volume of the air conditioning system. The main pipes and branch pipes in the duct are tested with Pitot tubes and micro manometers. The air volume of the supply air system and return air system is measured from the farthest loop of the air conditioning system using the equal flow distribution method and the reference air outlet adjustment method. S43. The airflow test at the air outlet shall be conducted by measuring the average wind speed using a thermoelectric anemometer, impeller anemometer, or rotor anemometer, either by a fixed-point method or a uniform-speed movement method, and calculating the airflow; the number of tests shall be no less than 3 to 5. S44. After the air volume of the air conditioning system is measured, the air volume of the air conditioning system is adjusted based on the measurement results, thus completing the air volume measurement and adjustment of the air conditioning system.

[0006] Furthermore, the air volume measurement of the air conditioning system includes air volume and air pressure measurement, total system air pressure and total system air volume. The total system air pressure is based on the total pressure difference before and after the fan, and the total system air volume is based on the total air volume of the ventilator or the air volume of the main duct.

[0007] Furthermore, the measurement point section for measuring the air volume of the air conditioning system is selected on a straight duct section that is 4-5 times the pipe diameter after the local resistance and 1.5-2 times the pipe diameter before the local resistance.

[0008] Furthermore, when measuring the average wind speed of the air outlet air volume, if the air duct is rectangular, the measuring section of the rectangular air duct is divided into multiple equal small sections, and the shape of the small sections is square. If the air duct is circular, the measuring section is divided into multiple concentric rings of equal area according to the size of the air duct diameter, and four points are measured in each ring.

[0009] Based on the above technical solution, the commissioning method for ship air conditioning and ventilation systems of this invention has achieved the following technical advantages through practical application: 1. The present invention provides a commissioning method for a ship's air conditioning and ventilation system. This method includes specific content and requirements for preparatory work before commissioning the air conditioning system, pre-operation inspection of the air conditioning system, calibration of the air conditioning system regulator, testing instruments and automatic adjustment system, measurement and adjustment of the air volume of the air conditioning system, measurement of the overall effect of the air conditioning system, protection of the air conditioning system, and troubleshooting of the air conditioning system operation. This method can shorten the commissioning cycle of the air conditioning and ventilation system. Attached Figure Description

[0010] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of a commissioning method for a ship's air conditioning and ventilation system according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0011] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the following description is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings. The invention is described using specific examples shown. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary. This description is intended not to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concept of the invention.

[0012] A method for commissioning a ship's air conditioning and ventilation system, the method specifically includes the following steps: S1, Inspection of air conditioning system equipment and piping, check whether the installation of the fan and motor meets the requirements, check whether the fan regulating valve is working properly; conduct a pre-start test on the fan, and the fan should run continuously for no less than 2 hours; S2, Check the automatic air conditioning system circuit, verify whether the model, specifications and installation location of sensitive components, regulating instruments, detection instruments and regulating actuators are consistent with the design drawings; S3, Air Conditioning System Performance Verification: This involves verifying the performance of individual regulators and testing instruments. After the individual performance verification is completed, the automatic air conditioning system linkage test is performed. S4. After the air conditioning system performance verification is completed, start the air conditioning system to measure and adjust the air volume of the air conditioning system. S5. After the air volume measurement and adjustment of the air conditioning system is completed, the comprehensive effect measurement of the air conditioning system is carried out to determine whether the air parameters after the air conditioner is processed are consistent with the air parameters in the air-conditioned room work area. The fluctuation range of the air parameters in the air-conditioned room work area is measured to see if it meets the requirements. The air conditioning system runs continuously for no less than 8 hours. During the operation of the air conditioning system, the stability operation test of the regulating components in the air conditioning system is carried out to complete the comprehensive effect measurement of the air conditioning system.

[0013] The air volume measurement and adjustment of the air conditioning system specifically involves: S41. Before starting the ventilator, adjust the regulating valves on the air duct and air outlet to make the regulating valves fully open, and place the three-way regulating valve in the middle position. Adjust the position of various regulating valves in the air handling room according to the actual operating status. S42, turn on the ventilation fan and measure the air volume of the air conditioning system. The main pipes and branch pipes in the duct are tested with Pitot tubes and micro manometers. The air volume of the supply air system and return air system is measured from the farthest loop of the air conditioning system using the equal flow distribution method and the reference air outlet adjustment method. S43. The airflow test at the air outlet shall be conducted by measuring the average wind speed using a thermoelectric anemometer, impeller anemometer, or rotor anemometer, either by a fixed-point method or a uniform-speed movement method, and calculating the airflow; the number of tests shall be no less than 3 to 5. S44. After the air volume of the air conditioning system is measured, the air volume of the air conditioning system is adjusted based on the measurement results, thus completing the air volume measurement and adjustment of the air conditioning system.

[0014] The air volume measurement of the air conditioning system includes air volume and air pressure measurement, total system air pressure and total system air volume. The total system air pressure is based on the total pressure difference before and after the fan, and the total system air volume is based on the total air volume of the ventilator or the air volume of the main duct.

[0015] When measuring the air volume of the air conditioning system, the measurement point section is selected on a straight duct section that is 4-5 times the pipe diameter after the local resistance and 1.5-2 times the pipe diameter before the local resistance.

[0016] When measuring the average wind speed at the air outlet, if the duct is rectangular, the measuring section of the rectangular duct is divided into multiple equal small sections, and the small section is square in shape. If the duct is circular, the measuring section is divided into multiple concentric rings of equal area according to the duct diameter, and four points are measured in each ring. Example

[0017] like Figure 1 As shown, an air conditioning system commissioning method includes preparatory work before air conditioning system commissioning, pre-operation inspection of air conditioning system, calibration of air conditioning system regulator, detection instrument and automatic adjustment system, air volume measurement and adjustment of air conditioning system, comprehensive effect measurement of air conditioning system, air conditioning system protection, and troubleshooting of air conditioning system operation faults. Step 1, the preparations before air conditioning system commissioning, includes the following specific contents. 1.1 The instruments and meters used for commissioning the air conditioning system shall have factory certificates of conformity and appraisal documents.

[0018] 1.2 Strictly enforce the Metrology Law. It is forbidden to use measuring instruments and meters without a valid verification mark or certificate, or those that have exceeded their verification period or have failed verification, at the commissioning work station.

[0019] 1.3 It is essential to understand the construction principles and performance of various commonly used testing instruments, strictly master their usage and calibration methods, and conduct tests according to the prescribed operating procedures.

[0020] 1.4 When measuring the overall effect, the accuracy level of the instrument used should be higher than that of the object being measured.

[0021] 1.5 Handle instruments and meters with care during handling and use to prevent vibration and impact. When not in use, instruments and meters should be placed in a dedicated tool and meter box to prevent moisture and dirt.

[0022] 1.6 Instruments for measuring temperature; instruments for measuring humidity; instruments for measuring wind speed; instruments for measuring wind pressure; other commonly used electrical instruments, tachometers, particle counters, sound level meters, steel tape measures, electric drills, adjustable wrenches, screwdrivers, wire cutters, hammers, high stools, flashlights, walkie-talkies, calculators, measuring rods, etc.

[0023] 1.7 The water, electricity, steam, and compressed air required for the operation of the air conditioning system should be available and the site should be clean.

[0024] 1.8 The valve plates and blades in the regulating valves, fire dampers, smoke exhaust valves, air inlets and return air inlets of the air duct system should be in the open working position.

[0025] Step 2, the pre-operation inspection of the air conditioning system, includes the following specific items. 2.1 Inspection of equipment and piping systems before operation of the air conditioning system; 2.1.1 Verify that the model and specifications of the ventilator and motor are consistent with the design.

[0026] 2.1.2 Check whether the anchor bolts are tightened, whether the vibration damping platform is level, and whether the pulley or coupling is aligned.

[0027] 2.1.3 Check whether there is enough lubricating oil at the bearing. The type and quantity of lubricating oil added should comply with the specifications in the equipment's technical documents.

[0028] 2.1.4 Check whether the grounding wire connection of the motor and the fans and ducts that require grounding is reliable.

[0029] 2.1.5 Check the fan regulating valve; it should open flexibly and the positioning device should be reliable.

[0030] 2.1.6 The fan can be started and run continuously for no less than two hours.

[0031] 2.1.7 Only after the individual air conditioning unit test run and the air leakage measurement of the duct system have passed the test can the system linkage test run be carried out, which shall not be less than 8 hours.

[0032] 2.2 Inspection of the control circuit of the automatic air conditioning system: 2.2.1 Verify that the model, specifications, and installation location of the sensitive components, regulating instruments or testing instruments, and regulating actuators are consistent with the design drawings.

[0033] 2.2.2 According to the wiring diagram, check the wiring (or connection) of the lower terminals of the control panel.

[0034] 2.2.3 Based on the control principle diagram and the internal wiring diagram, verify the internal wiring of the upper terminal block.

[0035] 2.2.4 Verify the interlocking, signaling, remote detection and control devices and regulation links of the automatic regulation system to ensure they are correct and meet design requirements.

[0036] 2.2.5 The installation locations of sensitive elements and measuring elements shall meet the following requirements: 2.2.5.1 When room-wide control is required, it should be placed in an area unaffected by local heat sources; when strict requirements are placed in local areas, it should be placed in a location with strict requirements; room temperature control elements should be placed in well-ventilated locations.

[0037] 2.2.5.2 In the duct, it should be placed in the center of the duct section where the airflow is stable.

[0038] 2.2.5.3 The sensitive and measuring elements for the "dew point" temperature should be placed in a representative location behind the baffle plate, and the influence of secondary return air should be avoided as much as possible. It should not be directly affected by radiant heat, vibration, or water droplets.

[0039] Step 3, the performance verification of the air conditioning system, includes the following specific contents: 3.1 Individual performance verification of regulators and testing instruments: 3.1.1 Performance testing of sensitive elements: The scale number of the regulator or measuring instrument selected for the control system must be matched. Scale error verification and dynamic characteristic verification should be carried out, and both should meet the design accuracy requirements.

[0040] 3.1.2 The scale characteristics of regulating instruments and measuring instruments shall be verified. The verification of regulating characteristics and the operation test and adjustment shall all meet the design accuracy requirements.

[0041] 3.1.3 The regulating performance of control valves and other actuators, the measurement of full stroke distance and full stroke time, the adjustment of limit switch positions, and the marking of full stroke graduation values ​​should all meet the design accuracy requirements.

[0042] 3.2 Automatic Adjustment System Linkage Verification: 3.2.1 Before the automatic adjustment system is officially put into operation, a simulation test should be conducted to verify whether the system's actions are correct and whether they meet the design requirements. If there are no errors, the automatic adjustment system can be put into operation.

[0043] 3.2.2 After the automatic adjustment system is put into operation, the factors affecting the system's adjustment quality should be identified, the normal operation effect of the system should be analyzed, and it should be determined whether the expected effect can be achieved.

[0044] 3.2.3 The operation and adjustment of each link of the automatic adjustment system should ensure that the "dew point", secondary heater and room temperature control points of the air conditioning system are kept at the specified air parameters and meet the design accuracy requirements.

[0045] Step 4: Measurement and adjustment of air volume in the air conditioning system: 4.1 Before starting the fan, set the regulating valves of the air duct and air outlet to the fully open position, and the three-way regulating valve to the middle position. All regulating valves in the air handling room should also be set to their actual operating positions.

[0046] 4.2 Turn on the fan to measure and adjust the air volume. First, roughly measure whether the total air volume meets the design air volume requirements to have a clear understanding, which will be helpful for the next step of commissioning.

[0047] 4.3 System airflow measurement and adjustment: The airflow of the main and branch pipes can be tested using Pitot tubes and micromanometers. Adjustments to the supply (return) air system should employ methods such as the "equal flow distribution method" or the "reference vent adjustment method," starting from the furthest and most unfavorable loop in the system and gradually adjusting towards the ventilation fan.

[0048] 4.4 Airflow at the vent can be tested using a thermoelectric anemometer, impeller anemometer, or rotor anemometer. The average wind speed can be measured using the fixed-point method or the uniform-speed movement method, and the airflow can be calculated. The number of tests should be no less than 3 to 5.

[0049] 4.5 After the system airflow is adjusted and balanced, it should achieve the following: 4.5.1 The measured values ​​of the air volume, fresh air volume, exhaust air volume, and return air volume of the air outlet shall not exceed the allowable value of the design air volume by more than 10%.

[0050] 4.5.2 The sum of the fresh air volume and the return air volume should be approximately equal to the total supply air volume, or the sum of the individual supply air volumes.

[0051] 4.5.3 The total supply air volume should be slightly greater than the sum of the return air volume and the exhaust air volume.

[0052] 4.5.4 System air volume measurement includes air volume and air pressure measurement. The total system air pressure is based on the total pressure difference before and after the fan; the total system air volume is based on the total air volume of the fan or the air volume of the main duct.

[0053] 4.6 Issues to be noted during system airflow testing and adjustment: 4.6.1 The location of the measurement point section should be selected in a place where the airflow is relatively uniform and stable. Generally, it should be selected on a straight duct section that is 4 to 5 times the pipe diameter (or the long side dimension of the duct) after the local resistance occurs and about 1.5 to 2 times the pipe diameter (or the long side dimension of the duct) before the local resistance occurs.

[0054] 4.6.2 When measuring the average wind speed in a rectangular duct, the duct section to be measured should be divided into several equal small sections to make it as close to a square as possible; when measuring the average wind speed in a circular duct, the section should be divided into several concentric rings of equal area according to the duct diameter, and four points should be measured in each ring.

[0055] 4.6.3 For air ducts without regulating valves, if the air volume needs to be adjusted, a temporary baffle plate can be added at the air duct flange for adjustment. After the air volume is adjusted, the baffle plate remains in the duct and is sealed to prevent leakage.

[0056] Step five, the comprehensive performance evaluation of the air conditioning system, includes the following specific details: After each component is debugged, the comprehensive indicators of the system's coordinated operation are measured to see if they meet the design and production process requirements. If they do not meet the requirements, further adjustments should be made during the measurement.

[0057] 5.1 Determine the air parameters after air conditioning treatment and the air parameters of the working area of ​​the air-conditioned room.

[0058] 5.2 To verify the effectiveness of the automatic adjustment system, each adjustment component and device should be tested over a long period of time to ensure that the system operates safely and reliably.

[0059] 5.3 Under the condition that the automatic control system is in operation, determine the allowable fluctuation range and stability of a given air parameter that may be maintained in the working area of ​​the air-conditioned room.

[0060] 5.4 The continuous operating time of the air conditioning system shall not be less than 8 hours for general air conditioning systems.

[0061] Step six, the specific content of air conditioning system protection, includes: 6.1 The doors and windows of the air conditioning room must be airtight and a designated person should be on duty. Unauthorized personnel are strictly prohibited from entering. When entry is required for work purposes, a work pass issued by the security department is required.

[0062] 6.2 The starting and stopping of fans and air conditioning equipment should be coordinated with electricians, and staff should remain at their posts.

[0063] 6.3 When testing and adjusting the system airflow, the duct insulation layer should not be damaged. After commissioning, the insulation layer at the measuring point should be repaired, the measuring holes should be plugged, the regulating valves should be fixed, and markings should be made to prevent movement.

[0064] 6.4 Special protection measures should be taken for the automatic control instruments and control panels of the automatic adjustment system to prevent the loss or damage of electrical automatic control components.

[0065] 6.5 After all the air conditioning system measurements and adjustments are completed, the handover procedures shall be completed in a timely manner, and the user unit shall put the system into operation and be responsible for the protection of the finished air conditioning system.

[0066] Step 7: Specific details of troubleshooting air conditioning system malfunctions:

[0067] The air conditioning and ventilation system commissioning method of the present invention solves the problems of numerous cabins in modern ships, high difficulty in commissioning the air conditioning and ventilation system, long commissioning time, and heavy workload.

[0068] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, the scope of the invention is not limited to this. Those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the specific implementation of the invention or equivalent substitutions can be made to some technical features without departing from the spirit of the technical solution of the present invention, and all such modifications and substitutions should be covered within the scope of the technical solution claimed in the present invention.

Claims

1. A commissioning method for a marine air conditioning and ventilation system, characterized in that, The method specifically includes the following steps: S1, Inspection of air conditioning system equipment and piping, check whether the installation of the fan and motor meets the requirements, check whether the fan regulating valve is working properly; conduct a pre-start test on the fan, and the fan should run continuously for no less than 2 hours; S2, Check the automatic air conditioning system circuit, verify whether the model, specifications and installation location of sensitive components, regulating instruments, detection instruments and regulating actuators are consistent with the design drawings; S3, Air Conditioning System Performance Verification: This involves verifying the performance of individual regulators and testing instruments. After the individual performance verification is completed, the automatic air conditioning system linkage test is performed. S4. After the air conditioning system performance verification is completed, start the air conditioning system to measure and adjust the air volume of the air conditioning system. S5. After the air volume measurement and adjustment of the air conditioning system is completed, the comprehensive effect measurement of the air conditioning system is carried out to determine whether the air parameters after the air conditioner is processed are consistent with the air parameters in the air-conditioned room work area. The fluctuation range of the air parameters in the air-conditioned room work area is measured to see if it meets the requirements. The air conditioning system runs continuously for no less than 8 hours. During the operation of the air conditioning system, the stability operation test of the regulating components in the air conditioning system is carried out to complete the comprehensive effect measurement of the air conditioning system.

2. The commissioning method for a marine air conditioning and ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air volume measurement and adjustment of the air conditioning system specifically involves: S41. Before starting the ventilator, adjust the regulating valves on the air duct and air outlet to make the regulating valves fully open, and place the three-way regulating valve in the middle position. Adjust the position of various regulating valves in the air handling room according to the actual operating status. S42, turn on the ventilation fan and measure the air volume of the air conditioning system. The main pipes and branch pipes in the duct are tested with Pitot tubes and micro manometers. The air volume of the supply air system and return air system is measured from the farthest loop of the air conditioning system using the equal flow distribution method and the reference air outlet adjustment method. S43. The airflow test at the air outlet shall be conducted by measuring the average wind speed using a thermoelectric anemometer, impeller anemometer, or rotor anemometer, either by a fixed-point method or a uniform-speed movement method, and calculating the airflow; the number of tests shall be no less than 3 to 5. S44. After the air volume of the air conditioning system is measured, the air volume of the air conditioning system is adjusted based on the measurement results, thus completing the air volume measurement and adjustment of the air conditioning system.

3. The commissioning method for a marine air conditioning and ventilation system according to claim 2, wherein, The air volume measurement of the air conditioning system includes air volume and air pressure measurement, total system air pressure and total system air volume. The total system air pressure is based on the total pressure difference before and after the fan, and the total system air volume is based on the total air volume of the ventilator or the air volume of the main duct.

4. The commissioning method for a marine air conditioning and ventilation system of claim 2, wherein, When measuring the air volume of the air conditioning system, the measurement point section is selected on a straight duct section that is 4-5 times the pipe diameter after the local resistance and 1.5-2 times the pipe diameter before the local resistance.

5. A method for commissioning a ship's air conditioning and ventilation system according to claim 2, characterized in that, When measuring the average wind speed at the air outlet, if the duct is rectangular, the measuring section of the rectangular duct is divided into multiple equal small sections, and the small section is square in shape. If the duct is circular, the measuring section is divided into multiple concentric rings of equal area according to the duct diameter, and four points are measured in each ring.

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