Water and soil conservation runoff sediment sampling device and sampling method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of runoff sediment sampling, and discloses a water and soil conservation runoff sediment sampling device and method.The device comprises a long pipe, the bottom end of the long pipe is connected with a conical head, a sampling opening is formed in the pipe wall of the long pipe, and the pipe inner wall corresponding to the sampling opening is slidably connected with two sliding doors; the front end of the gear shaft is connected with a sampling drill bit, a gear section is arranged at the front end of the worm, the first support is vertically connected with a vertical rack in a sliding mode, the vertical rack is meshed with the gear section and the gear shaft, and the top end of the vertical rack is connected with a steel wire. A tension spring is connected between the bottom end of the vertical rack and the long pipe downwards. After the long pipe is inserted into a riverbed, the steel wire is pulled upwards to enable the sliding door to move to open the sampling opening, the sampling drill bit is linked to extend out of the sampling opening, the sampling drill bit is used for feeding silt into the pipe, the tension spring is responsible for resetting, and precise sampling of the silt at the target depth is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of runoff sediment sampling technology, specifically relating to a water and soil conservation runoff sediment sampling device and sampling method. Background Technology

[0002] Runoff refers to the flow of water along the surface or underground under the influence of gravity, including rainfall, snowmelt, and irrigation water. This water gradually converges along a network of channels and rivers, eventually forming major rivers. From the moment raindrops touch the ground and create surface runoff, soil erosion and sediment production begin. The eroded soil is carried by the water flow as sediment, replenished or reduced by erosion and deposition along the way, eventually flowing into major rivers and reaching the ocean at the river mouth. Runoff inevitably leads to soil erosion. Soil erosion monitoring provides fundamental data for scientific research, forecasting, and prevention of soil erosion, offering a scientific basis for its control. Soil erosion monitoring often requires sampling sediment from the bottom of water bodies.

[0003] Patent application number 202220731508.9 discloses a runoff sediment sampling device. The front end of the operating hollow rod passes through the water layer and is inserted into the sediment. The sediment seeps into the front section of the operating hollow rod through the sampling hole. The rotating disc drives the spiral blades to rotate, and the spiral blades lift the sediment. The sediment flows into the sampling bottle through the sampling branch pipe, thus completing the sediment sampling.

[0004] However, the device cannot accurately sample sediment at a certain depth. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a soil and water conservation runoff sediment sampling device and sampling method that can accurately collect sediment at a certain depth.

[0006] The present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A soil and water conservation runoff sediment sampling device includes a vertical long pipe with a conical head connected to its bottom end. A sampling port is formed in the bottom wall of the long pipe, and a circumferential groove is provided on the inner wall of the pipe corresponding to the sampling port. Two arc-shaped sliding doors are slidably connected circumferentially within the groove, and the front ends of the two sliding doors are joined to close the sampling port. A bracket is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the long pipe, and a worm gear is rotatably connected to the bracket. The worm gear drives the sliding doors. The bracket is rotatably and slidably connected to a gear shaft. A push block is coaxially rotatably connected to the rear end of the gear shaft, and the sliding doors drive the push block. A sampling drill bit is connected to the front end of the gear shaft. The gear shaft and worm gear are parallel, and the gear shaft faces the sampling port. The front end of the worm gear has a gear segment. A vertical rack is vertically slidably connected to the bracket, and the vertical rack meshes with the gear segment and the gear shaft. A vertical steel wire is connected to the top end of the vertical rack, with the top end of the steel wire extending out of the long pipe. A tension spring is connected downwards between the bottom end of the vertical rack and the long pipe.

[0008] Preferably, the central angle corresponding to the sliding door is less than 180°, the rear end of the sliding door is hinged to a connecting rod, the inner end of the connecting rod is hinged to a push block, and the push block is located on the front side of the line connecting the rear ends of the two sliding doors.

[0009] Preferably, two brackets are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the long tube. The brackets are rotatably connected to a vertical shaft. The shaft is connected to a gear. The inner wall of the sliding door has an arc-shaped rack. The gear meshes with the arc-shaped rack. The shaft is also connected to a helical gear. The brackets are rotatably connected to the helical gear. The helical gear meshes with a worm gear. The helical gear is connected to the helical gear.

[0010] Preferably, the gear shaft and the sampling drill bit are connected by a unidirectional rotation drive. When the vertical rack moves upward, the gear shaft drives the sampling drill bit to rotate in the forward direction.

[0011] Preferably, the cone and the long tube are detachably connected, and the hollow cone forms a sample storage space.

[0012] Preferably, the outer wall of the long tube is provided with a scale, and the starting point of the scale is at the same height as the sampling port.

[0013] A method for sampling runoff sediment includes the following steps:

[0014] S1. Insert the long tube downwards to the target depth of the sediment at the bottom of the water. Pull the steel wire upwards from the opening at the top of the long tube, which will drive the vertical rack to move upwards. The vertical rack will drive the worm to rotate, which will then drive the sliding door to move backwards through helical gear two, helical gear one, rotating shaft, gear one, and arc rack, thus opening the sampling port.

[0015] S2. When the sliding door moves backward, the push block is pushed forward through the connecting rod, which in turn pushes the gear shaft and the sampling drill bit forward and out of the sampling port. At the same time, the vertical rack drives the gear shaft to rotate the sampling drill bit in the forward direction. The sampling drill bit moves forward and rotates at the same time, and after it is out, it drills into the mud and sand.

[0016] S3. Loosen the steel wire, and the vertical rack moves down under the force of gravity and the tension of the spring, which drives the sliding door to reset and close the sampling port. During the process, the sampling drill bit retracts. Since the sampling drill bit is only driven by the forward rotation of the toothed shaft, when it retracts into the sampling port, the sampling drill bit will not reverse much or even not reverse at all due to the resistance of mud and sand, thus dragging the mud and sand it carries into the long pipe.

[0017] S4. The sediment entering the long tube settles into the sample storage space inside the cone and is collected.

[0018] S5. After manipulating the long tube to rotate at a certain angle, pull the steel wire up again to repeat the sampling.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0020] This invention features a sampling port at the bottom of a long tube, which is opened and closed by a sliding door inside the tube. After the long tube is inserted to the target depth, pulling up the steel wire drives the sliding door to open the sampling port, and simultaneously triggers the sampling drill bit to extend out of the sampling port. As the sampling drill bit extends, it rotates forward to drill for mud and sand, using the sampling drill bit to send the mud and sand into the tube to complete the sampling, thus achieving accurate sampling of mud and sand at the target depth. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom end of the long tube;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a long tube;

[0023] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Remove support frame one;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a side view of the worm gear and gear shaft;

[0025] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 Top view.

[0026] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0027] 1. Long tube; 2. Cone head; 3. Sampling port; 4. Sliding door; 5. Support 1; 6. Worm gear; 7. Vertical rack; 8. Steel wire; 9. Gear shaft; 10. Push block; 11. Connecting rod; 12. Sampling drill bit; 13. Gear 1; 14. Rotating shaft; 15. Helical gear 1; 16. Arc rack; 17. Helical gear 2; 18. Tension spring. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials and apparatus used are commercially available or commonly used in the art. The methods in the embodiments, unless otherwise specified, are conventional methods in the art. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0029] A soil and water conservation runoff sediment sampling device includes a vertical long pipe 1, with a cone 2 connected to the bottom end of the long pipe 1. The cone 2 and the long pipe 1 are detachably connected. The cone 2 is hollow, forming a sample storage space. A sampling port 3 is opened on the bottom wall of the long pipe 1. The outer wall of the long pipe 1 is provided with a scale, the starting point of which is at the same height as the sampling port 3. A circumferential groove is provided on the inner wall of the pipe corresponding to the sampling port 3. Two arc-shaped sliding doors 4 are circumferentially connected within the groove. The front ends of the two sliding doors 4 are joined together to close the sampling port 3. A bracket 5 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the long pipe 1. The bracket 5 is rotatably connected to a worm gear 6. Two brackets 2 are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the long pipe 1. The brackets 2 are rotatably connected to a vertical rotating shaft 14. The rotating shaft 14 is connected to a gear 13. The inner wall of the sliding door 4 has an arc-shaped rack 16. The gear 13 meshes with the arc-shaped rack 16. The rotating shaft 14 is also connected to a helical gear 1513. The second bracket is rotatably connected to the second helical gear 17, which meshes with the worm 6. The second helical gear 17 is connected to the first helical gear 1513 via the third helical gear transmission. The first bracket 5 is rotatably and slidably connected to the gear shaft 9. The rear end of the gear shaft 9 is coaxially rotatably connected to the push block 10. The central angle of the corresponding sliding door 4 is 120°. The rear end of the sliding door 4 is hinged to the connecting rod 11. The inner end of the connecting rod 11 is hinged to the push block 10. The push block 10 is located in front of the line connecting the rear ends of the two sliding doors 4. The front end of the gear shaft 9 is connected to the sampling drill bit 12. The gear shaft 9 and the worm 6 are parallel. The gear shaft 9 is directly opposite the sampling port 3. The front end of the worm 6 has a gear segment. The first bracket 5 is vertically slidably connected to the vertical rack 7. The vertical rack 7 meshes with the gear segment and the gear shaft 9. The top end of the vertical rack 7 is connected to the vertical steel wire 8. The top end of the steel wire 8 extends out of the long tube 1. The bottom end of the vertical rack 7 is downward and connected to the long tube 1 with the tension spring 18.

[0030] The gear shaft 9 and the sampling drill bit 12 are connected by a unidirectional rotation drive. When the vertical rack 7 moves upward, the gear shaft 9 drives the sampling drill bit 12 to rotate in the forward direction.

[0031] A method for sampling runoff sediment includes the following steps:

[0032] S1. Insert the long tube 1 downwards to the target depth of the mud and sand at the bottom of the water. Pull the steel wire 8 upwards from the top opening of the long tube 1, which will drive the vertical rack 7 to move upwards. The vertical rack 7 drives the worm gear 6 to rotate, which in turn drives the sliding door 4 to move backwards through the helical gear 17, helical gear 1513, rotating shaft 14, gear 13, and arc rack 16, thus opening the sampling port 3.

[0033] S2. When the sliding door 4 moves backward, the connecting rod 11 pushes the push block 10 forward, which in turn pushes the gear shaft 9 and the sampling drill bit 12 forward and protrudes from the sampling port 3. At the same time, the vertical rack 7 drives the gear shaft 9 to drive the sampling drill bit 12 to rotate in the forward direction. The sampling drill bit 12 moves forward and rotates at the same time, and after protruding, it drills into the mud and sand.

[0034] S3. Loosen the steel wire 8. The vertical rack 7 moves down under the force of gravity and the tension of the tension spring 18, which drives the sliding door 4 to reset and close the sampling port 3. During the process, the sampling drill bit 12 retracts. Since the sampling drill bit 12 is only driven by the forward rotation of the gear shaft 9, when it retracts into the sampling port 3, the sampling drill bit 12 will not reverse much or even not reverse due to the resistance of mud and sand, thus dragging the mud and sand it carries into the long pipe 1.

[0035] S4. The sediment entering the long tube 1 settles into the sample storage space inside the cone 2 and is collected;

[0036] S5. After manipulating the long tube 1 to rotate a certain angle, pull the steel wire 8 up again to repeat the sampling.

[0037] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to the above embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A soil and water conservation runoff sediment sampling device, comprising a vertical long tube, the bottom end of which is connected to a conical head, characterized in that, A sampling port is provided at the bottom of the long tube. A circumferential groove is provided on the inner wall of the tube corresponding to the sampling port. Two arc-shaped sliding doors are slidably connected to the inner circumferential groove. The front ends of the two sliding doors are joined to close the sampling port. A bracket is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the long tube. The bracket is rotatably connected to a worm gear. The worm gear drives the sliding doors. The bracket is rotatably and slidably connected to a gear shaft. The rear end of the gear shaft is coaxially rotatably connected to a push block. The sliding doors drive the push block. The front end of the gear shaft is connected to a sampling drill bit. The gear shaft and the worm gear are parallel. The gear shaft is directly opposite the sampling port. The front end of the worm gear has a gear segment. The bracket is vertically slidably connected to a vertical rack. The vertical rack meshes with the gear segment and the gear shaft. The top end of the vertical rack is connected to a vertical steel wire. The top end of the steel wire extends out of the long tube. The bottom end of the vertical rack is connected downward to the long tube with a tension spring.

2. The water and soil conservation runoff sediment sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central angle of the sliding door is less than 180°. The rear end of the sliding door is hinged to a connecting rod, and the inner end of the connecting rod is hinged to a push block. The push block is located in front of the line connecting the rear ends of the two sliding doors.

3. The water and soil conservation runoff sediment sampling device according to claim 2, characterized in that, Two brackets are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the long tube. The brackets are rotatably connected to a vertical shaft. The shaft is connected to a gear. The inner wall of the sliding door has an arc-shaped rack. The gear meshes with the arc-shaped rack. The shaft is also connected to a helical gear. The brackets are rotatably connected to the helical gear. The helical gear meshes with a worm gear. The helical gear is connected to the helical gear.

4. The water and soil conservation runoff sediment sampling device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The gear shaft and the sampling drill bit are connected by a unidirectional rotation drive. When the vertical rack moves upward, the gear shaft drives the sampling drill bit to rotate in the forward direction.

5. A soil and water conservation runoff sediment sampling device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cone and the long tube are detachably connected, and the hollow cone forms a sample storage space.

6. A soil and water conservation runoff sediment sampling device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The outer wall of the long tube is marked with graduations, and the starting point of the graduations is at the same height as the sampling port.

7. A method for sampling runoff sediment, characterized in that, The water and soil conservation runoff sediment sampling device according to claim 6 includes the following steps: S1. Insert the long tube downwards into the target depth of the sediment at the bottom of the water. Pull the steel wire upwards from the opening at the top of the long tube, which will drive the vertical rack to move upwards. The vertical rack will drive the worm to rotate, which will then drive the sliding door to move backwards through helical gear two, helical gear one, rotating shaft, gear one, and arc rack, thus opening the sampling port. S2. When the sliding door moves backward, the push block is pushed forward through the connecting rod, which in turn pushes the gear shaft and the sampling drill bit forward and protrudes from the sampling port. At the same time, the vertical rack drives the gear shaft to rotate the sampling drill bit in the forward direction. The sampling drill bit moves forward and rotates at the same time, and after protruding, it drills into the mud and sand. S3. Loosen the steel wire, and the vertical rack moves down under the force of gravity and the tension of the spring, which drives the sliding door to reset and close the sampling port. During the process, the sampling drill bit retracts. Since the sampling drill bit is only driven by the forward rotation of the toothed shaft, when it retracts into the sampling port, the sampling drill bit will not reverse much or even not reverse at all due to the resistance of mud and sand, thus dragging the mud and sand it carries into the long pipe. S4. The sediment entering the long tube settles into the sample storage space inside the cone and is collected. S5. After manipulating the long tube to rotate at a certain angle, pull the steel wire up again to repeat the sampling.

Images