A pile foundation testing device and testing method for civil engineering construction

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of pile foundation testing, and more particularly to a pile foundation testing device and method for civil engineering construction. The device includes a tamping apparatus for testing the pile body and testing components. In this invention, when the pile body tilts, the light spot undergoes vertical and / or lateral displacement on the receiving plane. If the tilt causes the light spot to move upward or downward, it may partially or completely enter the light aperture range of adjacent adjustment apertures. For example, when the top of the pile tilts to the right, due to the clockwise rotation of the transmitting end, the projection point of the 45° beam moves upward on the receiving end plane. The light spot originally illuminating the middle adjustment aperture may simultaneously cover the edge of the light aperture of one or two upper adjustment apertures. If the tilt angle is large, the center of the light spot may completely move out of the original aperture and into the adjacent aperture area, or even cross multiple apertures. Therefore, the tilt amount of the pile body can be determined by monitoring the number of infrared receivers that have sensed infrared radiation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pile foundation testing, specifically to a pile foundation testing device and method for civil engineering construction. Background Technology

[0002] To ensure that the quality of pile foundation engineering meets design requirements and ensures safe use, a systematic quality assessment of the piles must be conducted after construction or during construction. Therefore, Pile Foundation Testing has emerged as an indispensable technical component in foundation engineering. This technology uses scientific methods to test and evaluate the bearing capacity and integrity of individual piles, and is a core means of verifying whether the pile foundation possesses the mechanical properties and structural integrity required by the design.

[0003] The existing high-strain method-based testing method works by applying a heavy hammer impact to the top of the pile and collecting time history curves of force and velocity using strain sensors and acceleration sensors installed on the side of the pile. This method can only detect the vertical compressive bearing capacity of a single pile and determine the integrity of the pile body, and the detection effect is relatively simple. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a pile foundation testing device and testing method for civil engineering construction, which overcomes the shortcomings described in the background art.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is:

[0006] A pile foundation testing device for civil engineering construction includes a tamping device for testing the pile body and a testing component. The pile body is set in the soil, and the upper end of the pile body protrudes from the soil surface. The tamping device is set above the pile body, and the testing component is set between the pile body and the tamping device. The tamping device includes a frame, a support plate, a winding motor, a tamping block, and a hydraulic cylinder. The tamping block is located above the pile body and is connected to a rope wound around the winding motor. The support plate is symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the frame, forming an H-shaped connection between the support plate and the frame. Fixed plates are set on both sides of the frame near the support plate. The hydraulic cylinder is set between the support plate and the fixed plate, and the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder passes through the fixed plate and is fixed to the soil surface so as to lift and drop the tamping block by the winding motor. The testing component detects the impact state of the pile body when the tamping block falls.

[0007] The detection assembly includes a linkage transmitter disposed on the side of the pile body and a fixed receiver disposed on the side of the frame near the pile body. The linkage transmitter includes a transmitter body and a fixed steel plate. The upper edge of the pile body is provided with a step edge, and the fixed steel plate is fixed in the step edge. The transmitter body is positioned facing the fixed receiver. The frame is provided with an installation groove on the side near the pile body. The installation groove is provided with an opening on the side near the pile body. The fixed receiver includes a receiver body disposed in the installation groove and an adjustment component disposed in the opening.

[0008] The transmitter body is provided with multiple infrared transmitters on one side facing the receiver body, and at least one infrared transmitter is inclined downward. The surface of the adjustment component is provided with multiple light holes for infrared rays to pass through and the light transmission area can be adjusted. The receiver body is provided with corresponding infrared receivers at the corresponding positions of each light hole, so as to emit infrared rays from the infrared transmitters toward the infrared receivers to detect the attitude of the foundation pile body.

[0009] The infrared emission angle of the infrared emitter is 12°~15°.

[0010] A preferred technical solution is that the infrared emitting end includes a first oblique infrared emitting end and a second oblique infrared emitting end, both of which are inclined downwards, and the tilt angle of the first oblique infrared emitting end is smaller than the tilt angle of the second oblique infrared emitting end.

[0011] The tilt angle of the second oblique infrared emitter is 45°;

[0012] A battery is provided on one side of the oblique infrared emitting end to supply power to each infrared emitting end.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the adjusting component includes a strip-shaped light-shielding plate and adjusting apertures mounted on the surface of the strip-shaped light-shielding plate. The adjusting apertures are arranged sequentially from top to bottom, and each adjusting aperture corresponds to a different infrared receiving end. The light-passing hole is located on the middle surface of the adjusting aperture.

[0014] The adjustable aperture includes an adjusting ring, a fixed ring, and aperture blades. The aperture blades are disposed between the adjusting ring and the fixed ring. The adjusting ring has a stepped edge on one side of its edge facing the fixed ring, and the adjusting ring is fitted over the fixed ring through this stepped edge.

[0015] The aperture blades are arranged in a circular array, staggered from the center of the aperture. All aperture blades are stacked on top of each other and form the light passage in the middle of the fixed ring. The aperture blades have a positioning protrusion one on the side near the adjustment ring and a positioning protrusion two on the side near the fixed ring. Positioning protrusion one and positioning protrusion two are respectively located at the left and right ends of the aperture blades. The adjustment ring has a sliding groove two corresponding to the positioning protrusion one, and the fixed ring has a positioning hole corresponding to the positioning protrusion two. Positioning protrusion one is embedded in sliding groove two, and positioning protrusion two is embedded in positioning hole.

[0016] When the adjustment ring is rotated, the connection between the second sliding groove and the first positioning protrusion pushes the aperture blades to swing around the connection point between the second positioning protrusion and the positioning hole, thereby changing the size of the light aperture.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, the side of the strip-shaped light shield is provided with a movable strip, and each adjusting aperture is provided with an outwardly extending protrusion on the side near the movable strip. The surface of the protrusion is provided with a groove, and a connecting shaft is provided on the surface of the movable strip at the corresponding position of each groove.

[0018] The movable bar has a toothed rack on its side, which meshes with a drive gear on the output shaft of a motor to drive the movable bar to rise and fall via the motor, and to drive the adjusting ring to rotate via the convex strip.

[0019] A method for testing pile foundations in civil engineering construction, based on a pile testing device for civil engineering construction, involves installing a tamping device on top of the pile body when testing the pile body using the high strain method, installing a linkage transmitter on the side of the pile body, and installing a fixed receiver on the corresponding surface of the frame. Then, a tamping block is lifted by a winding motor and lowered. The falling tamping block impacts the surface of the pile body, and the tilt of the pile body is detected by the testing components while observing the descent of the pile body.

[0020] When observing the tilt of the foundation pile body through the detection component, infrared rays are emitted from each infrared transmitter on the surface of the linkage transmitter towards the receiver body. The infrared rays pass through the light aperture in the middle of the adjustment aperture and then illuminate the surface of the infrared receiver. Each infrared receiver and its corresponding infrared transmitter maintain a light receiving state. When the foundation pile body is impacted and falls or shifts, the connection state between the infrared transmitter and the infrared receiver will be changed, thereby determining the attitude of the foundation pile body.

[0021] Compared with existing technologies, this technical solution has the following advantages:

[0022] In this invention, when the foundation pile body tilts, the light spot undergoes vertical and / or lateral displacement on the receiving plane. If the tilt causes the light spot to move upward or downward, it may partially or completely enter the light aperture range of adjacent adjustment apertures. For example, when the top of the foundation pile tilts to the right, due to the clockwise rotation of the transmitting end as a whole, the projection point of the 45° beam moves upward on the receiving end plane, and the light spot that originally illuminated the middle adjustment aperture may simultaneously cover the edge of the light aperture of one or two adjustment apertures above; if the tilt angle is large, the center of the light spot may completely move out of the original aperture and enter the adjacent aperture area, or even cross multiple apertures. Therefore, the tilt amount of the foundation pile body can be determined by the number of infrared receivers that have sensed infrared light monitored by the terminal.

[0023] Furthermore, the infrared emission angle of the infrared transmitter in this invention is 12°~15°. When the pile body is impacted and undergoes a slight displacement, the transmitter shifts accordingly. If the emission angle is too small, the infrared beam becomes too concentrated and directional, and even a slight displacement may cause the beam to completely deviate from the receiving aperture, resulting in signal loss and affecting continuous detection. If the emission angle is too large, the beam diverges severely, reducing positioning accuracy and making it difficult to accurately reflect displacement details. An emission angle of 12°~15° allows the infrared beam to form a moderately diffused conical region. When the pile undergoes a reasonable displacement, such as millimeter-level settlement or slight tilting, the beam can still cover the corresponding light aperture on the adjustment component and be effectively captured by the receiving unit.

[0024] Furthermore, in this invention, before detection, the rotation position of the adjustment ring can be adjusted according to the estimated displacement range to ensure that the light aperture is of an appropriate size. For example, if the expected displacement is large, the aperture is enlarged to ensure that the beam can still partially pass through after the shift; if the displacement is small, the aperture is reduced to improve spatial resolution. In actual detection, after the infrared beam passes through the light aperture of the adjustment ring, it illuminates the corresponding infrared receiver. The receiver determines whether the pile has shifted and the direction of the shift based on whether a signal is received, the strength of the received signal, and which aperture channel it comes from; this aperture change directly affects the range of the infrared beam. When the pile body is not impacted, the system can adjust the light aperture to a smaller state, allowing only infrared light near the main optical axis to pass through, improving the resolution of minute displacements; when the pile is impacted and undergoes a large displacement or attitude deflection, if the position of the tilted beam emitted by the infrared emitter shifts, a small aperture may completely block the signal. At this point, the aperture of the light beam can be increased in advance or in real time, allowing the offset infrared beam to still partially pass through the aperture and be captured by the corresponding infrared receiver, thus avoiding signal interruption. Conversely, reducing the aperture size after the displacement stabilizes can suppress stray light interference and improve the signal-to-noise ratio. Therefore, by precisely adjusting the size of the light beam aperture, the system can dynamically match the actual projection position of the infrared beam under different operating conditions, ensuring the continuity and stability of the received signal. Attached Figure Description

[0025] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0026] Figure 1 This is an overall diagram of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a top view of the tamping device.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the linked transmitter and the fixed receiver.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a half-section diagram of the linked transmitter and the fixed receiver.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the adjusting component and the receiving end body.

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the separation of the adjustment component from the receiver body.

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection shaft.

[0033] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure for adjusting the aperture.

[0034] Figure 9 An exploded view of the aperture adjustment.

[0035] Figure 10 This is a diagram illustrating how to adjust the aperture at another angle.

[0036] Figure 11 A planar exploded view for adjusting the aperture.

[0037] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the infrared irradiation path after the pile body is offset.

[0038] In the diagram: 1. Compactor device; 2. Detection component; 100mm pile body.

[0039] Frame 11, support plate 12, winding motor 13, tamping block 14, hydraulic cylinder 15, fixed plate 16;

[0040] Linked transmitter 21, fixed receiver 22;

[0041] Transmitter body 211, oblique infrared transmitter one 2111, oblique infrared transmitter two 2112, storage battery 2113, fixing steel plate 212;

[0042] Adjustment component 221, receiving end body 222;

[0043] Strip-shaped light-shielding plate 2211, adjusting aperture 2212, movable bar 2213, drive gear 2214;

[0044] Adjustment ring 2121, slide groove one 1211, slide groove two 1212, fixing ring 2122, positioning hole 1221, aperture blade 2123, positioning protrusion one 1231, positioning protrusion two 1232;

[0045] Gear rack 2131, connecting shaft 2132;

[0046] Infrared receiver 2221. Detailed Implementation

[0047] like Figures 1 to 12 As shown, this invention proposes a pile foundation testing device for civil engineering construction, including a tamping device 1 for testing the pile body 100 and a testing component 2. The pile body 100 is disposed in the soil, with its upper end protruding from the soil surface. The tamping device 1 is disposed above the pile body 100, and the testing component 2 is disposed between the pile body 100 and the tamping device 1. The tamping device 1 includes a frame 11, a support plate 12, a winding motor 13, a tamping block 14, and a hydraulic cylinder 15. The tamping block 14 is located above the pile body 100, and the tamping... The impact block 14 is connected to the rope wound around the winding motor 13. The support plate 12 is symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the frame 11, and the support plate 12 and the frame 11 form an H-shaped connection. Fixed plates 16 are provided on both sides of the frame 11 near the support plate 12. The hydraulic cylinder 15 is located between the support plate 12 and the fixed plate 16, and the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 15 passes through the fixed plate 16 and is fixed to the soil surface so that the impact block 14 can be lifted and dropped by the winding motor 13. The impact state of the pile body 100 when the impact block 14 falls is detected by the detection component 2.

[0048] The detection component 2 includes a linkage transmitter 21 disposed on the side of the pile body 100 and a fixed receiver 22 disposed on the side of the frame 11 near the pile body 100. The linkage transmitter 21 includes a transmitter body 211 and a fixed steel plate 212. The upper edge of the pile body 100 is provided with a step edge, and the fixed steel plate 212 is fixed in the step edge. The transmitter body 211 is disposed facing the fixed receiver 22. The frame 11 is provided with an installation groove on the side near the pile body 100. The installation groove is provided with an opening on the side near the pile body 100. The fixed receiver 22 includes a receiver body 222 disposed in the installation groove and an adjusting member 221 disposed in the opening.

[0049] The transmitting end body 211 is provided with multiple infrared transmitting ends on the side facing the receiving end body 222, and at least one infrared transmitting end is inclined downward. The surface of the adjusting member 221 is provided with multiple light holes for infrared rays to pass through and the light transmission area can be adjusted. The receiving end body 222 is provided with corresponding infrared receiving ends 2221 at the corresponding positions of each light hole, so as to emit infrared rays from the infrared transmitting end to the infrared receiving end 2221 to detect the attitude of the foundation pile body 100.

[0050] The infrared emission angle of the infrared transmitter is 12°~15°. When the pile body 100 is impacted and undergoes a slight displacement, the transmitter shifts accordingly. If the emission angle is too small, such as close to 0°, the infrared beam is too concentrated and too directional. Even a slight displacement may cause the beam to completely deviate from the receiving aperture, resulting in signal loss and affecting continuous detection. If the emission angle is too large, the beam diverges severely, reducing positioning accuracy and making it difficult to accurately reflect displacement details. The 12°~15° emission angle allows the infrared beam to form a moderately diffused conical region. When the pile undergoes a reasonable displacement, such as millimeter-level settlement or slight tilting, the beam can still cover the corresponding light aperture on the adjustment component 221 and be effectively captured by the receiving unit 2221. At the same time, at least one infrared transmitter is tilted downwards, which enhances the sensitivity to combined vertical compression and tilting displacements. This angle design ensures that the infrared signal is received stably within the displacement range allowed by actual working conditions, thereby ensuring the continuity and accuracy of detection data and avoiding misjudgments due to momentary obstruction or alignment deviation.

[0051] In this invention, the linkage transmitter 21 is fixed within the step edge at the upper end of the pile body 100 and moves synchronously with the pile body 100; the fixed receiver 22 is installed on the frame 11 of the tamping device 1, and its position remains stable relative to the ground. When the tamping block 14 falls and impacts the pile body 100, if the pile undergoes vertical compression, tilting, or horizontal displacement, the linkage transmitter 21 will generate corresponding displacement or attitude changes. Multiple infrared transmitters on the transmitter body 211 continuously emit infrared rays towards the fixed receiver 22. After passing through the light-passing hole on the adjusting member 221, the infrared rays are received by the corresponding receiving unit infrared receiver 2221 on the receiver body 222. The displacement of the foundation pile will cause a change in the relative position between the infrared beam and the receiving unit. Some infrared beams may deviate from the original through-hole path or fail to align with the corresponding receiving unit. It should be explained that in this invention, the infrared receiving end 2221 is connected to the software set on the terminal. During detection, the infrared receiving end 2221 and the corresponding infrared emitting end are continuously connected to determine whether the foundation pile body 100 is deviated from its position. When an infrared receiving end 2221 is disconnected, the infrared receiving end 2221 sends an offset signal of the foundation pile body 100 to the terminal.

[0052] The infrared emitting end includes a first oblique infrared emitting end 2111 and a second oblique infrared emitting end 2112. Both the first oblique infrared emitting end 2111 and the second oblique infrared emitting end 2112 are inclined downwards. The tilt angle of the first oblique infrared emitting end 2111 is smaller than that of the second oblique infrared emitting end 2112. Furthermore, a battery 2113 for supplying power to each infrared emitting end is provided on the side of the first oblique infrared emitting end 2111.

[0053] The tilt angle of the second oblique infrared emitter 2112 is 45°, which determines the angle between the emitted infrared beam and the horizontal plane. The beam originates from the linkage emitter 21 and is projected obliquely downwards to the position of the adjustment aperture 2212 of the fixed receiver 22. Since the linkage emitter 21 is fixed to the upper end of the pile body 100, when the pile body 100 is displaced under the impact, the spatial position of the second oblique infrared emitter 2112 changes synchronously, causing a change in the emission starting point and direction of the infrared beam, thus forming a new spot position on the receiving plane. When the pile body 100 tilts, the linkage emitter 21 deflects accordingly, causing a change in the spatial position and orientation of the second oblique infrared emitter 2112, and the spot position of the emitted infrared beam on the plane of the fixed receiver 22 shifts. This spot, originally aligned with the light aperture of a specific adjustment aperture 2212 when the pile was not tilted, and received by the corresponding infrared receiver 2221, gradually deviates from the center of the original aperture as the tilt increases.

[0054] The adjusting element 221 has multiple adjusting apertures 2212 arranged sequentially from top to bottom. Each adjusting aperture 2212 has an independent light-passing hole in the center, and each corresponds to an infrared receiver 2221. These adjusting apertures 2212 are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction to form a longitudinal array. Since the oblique infrared emitting end 2112 emits downward at a 45° angle, its beam projection point on the receiving plane is located at a certain height. When the pile body 100 is not tilted, the light spot covers the light-passing hole of one of the adjusting apertures 2212, usually the one that is mainly aligned.

[0055] When the pile body 100 tilts, the light spot undergoes vertical and / or lateral displacement on the receiving plane. If the tilt causes the light spot to move upward or downward, it may partially or completely enter the light aperture range of the adjacent adjustment aperture 2212. For example, when the top of the pile tilts to the right, due to the clockwise rotation of the transmitting end, the projection point of the 45° beam moves upward on the receiving end plane, and the light spot that originally illuminated the middle adjustment aperture 2212 may simultaneously cover the edge of the light aperture of one or two adjustment apertures 2212 above. If the tilt angle is large, the center of the light spot may completely move out of the original aperture and enter the adjacent aperture area, or even cross multiple apertures. Therefore, the tilt of the pile body 100 can be determined by the number of infrared receivers that have sensed infrared light monitored by the terminal.

[0056] Furthermore, the adjusting member 221 includes a strip-shaped light-shielding plate 2211 and an adjusting aperture 2212 mounted on the surface of the strip-shaped light-shielding plate 2211. The adjusting apertures 2212 are arranged sequentially from top to bottom, and each adjusting aperture 2212 corresponds to a different infrared receiving end 2221. The light through hole is located on the middle surface of the adjusting aperture 2212.

[0057] The adjustable aperture 2212 includes an adjusting ring 2121, a fixed ring 2122, and an aperture blade 2123. The aperture blade 2123 is disposed between the adjusting ring 2121 and the fixed ring 2122. The adjusting ring 2121 has a stepped edge on one side of the fixed ring 2122, and the adjusting ring 2121 is sleeved on the fixed ring 2122 through the stepped edge.

[0058] The aperture blades 2123 are arranged in a ring array, and the aperture blades 2123 are staggered from the center of the adjusting aperture 2212. All the aperture blades 2123 are stacked on each other, and the light through hole is formed in the middle of the fixed ring 2122. The aperture blades 2123 have a positioning protrusion 1231 on the side near the adjusting ring 2121 and a positioning protrusion 2232 on the side near the fixed ring 2122. The positioning protrusion 1231 and the positioning protrusion 2232 are respectively located at the left and right ends of the aperture blades 2123. The adjusting ring 2121 and the corresponding position of the positioning protrusion 1231 are provided with a sliding groove 2212. The fixed ring 2122 and the corresponding position of the positioning protrusion 2232 are provided with a positioning hole 1221. The positioning protrusion 1231 is embedded in the sliding groove 2212, and the positioning protrusion 2232 is embedded in the positioning hole 1221.

[0059] When the adjustment ring 2121 is rotated, the connection between the sliding groove 2 1212 and the positioning protrusion 1 1231 pushes the aperture blade 2123 to swing around the connection end between the positioning protrusion 2 1232 and the positioning hole 1221 as the fulcrum, thereby changing the aperture size of the light passage.

[0060] When the adjustment ring 2121 is rotated manually or automatically, the slide groove 1212 moves circumferentially, causing the positioning protrusion 1231 to move synchronously, forcing the aperture blades 2123 to swing around the fulcrum of the positioning protrusion 1232 at their other end. Since all the aperture blades 2123 are stacked on top of each other and staggered from the center, their swing will move synchronously towards the center or outward, thereby forming a circular light aperture of variable size in the middle of the fixed ring 2122.

[0061] When the tamping block 14 impacts the pile body 100, the pile body 100 may experience vertical compression, horizontal displacement, or tilting. Since the linkage transmitter 21 is fixed to the upper edge of the step on the pile body 100 via the fixing steel plate 212, its entirety moves synchronously with the pile body 100. After the oblique infrared transmitter 2112 moves with the pile, its spatial coordinates and orientation change, causing the landing point of the infrared beam originally emitted at 45° on the receiving plane to shift.

[0062] Before testing, the rotation position of the adjustment ring 2121 can be adjusted according to the estimated displacement range to ensure that the light beam aperture is of an appropriate size. For example, if the expected displacement is large, the aperture is enlarged to ensure that the beam can still partially pass through after the displacement; if the displacement is small, the aperture is reduced to improve spatial resolution. In actual testing, after the infrared beam passes through the light beam aperture of the adjustment ring 2212, it illuminates the corresponding infrared receiver 2221. The receiver 2221 determines whether the pile has shifted and the direction of the shift based on whether a signal is received, the strength of the received signal, and which aperture channel it comes from.

[0063] The aperture change directly affects the range of the infrared beam. When the pile body 100 is not impacted, the system can adjust the light aperture to a smaller size, allowing only infrared light near the main optical axis to pass through, improving the ability to resolve minute displacements. When the pile is impacted and undergoes significant displacement or attitude deflection, the position of the tilted beam emitted by the infrared transmitter 2112 may shift. If the aperture is too small, the signal may be completely blocked. In this case, the aperture can be increased in advance or in real time, allowing the shifted infrared beam to still partially pass through the aperture and be captured by the corresponding infrared receiver 2221, avoiding signal interruption. Conversely, reducing the aperture size after the displacement stabilizes can suppress stray light interference and improve the signal-to-noise ratio. Therefore, by precisely adjusting the size of the light aperture, the system can dynamically match the actual projection position of the infrared beam under different operating conditions, ensuring the continuity and stability of the received signal.

[0064] Furthermore, the strip-shaped light-shielding plate 2211 has a movable strip 2213 on its side, and each adjusting ring 2212 has an outwardly extending protrusion on the side near the movable strip 2213. The surface of the protrusion has a groove 1211, and the surface of the movable strip 2213 is provided with a connecting shaft 2132 corresponding to each groove 1211. The movable strip 2213 has a toothed rack 2131 on its side, which meshes with a drive gear 2214 on a motor output shaft to drive the movable strip 2213 to rise and fall through the motor, and to drive the adjusting ring 2121 to rotate through the protrusion.

[0065] When the motor starts and drives the drive gear 2214 to rotate, the drive gear 2214, through meshing with the gear rack 2131, pushes the movable bar 2213 to move vertically upward or downward. As the movable bar 2213 rises and falls, the connecting shaft 2132 on it moves up and down accordingly. Since the connecting shaft 2132 is embedded in the groove 1211 of the convex bar, and the groove 1211 extends along the length of the convex bar, when the movable bar rises and falls, the connecting shaft 2132 can drive the convex bar to swing around the dot of the adjusting ring 2212 as a fulcrum, causing the adjusting ring 2121 to rotate around its own axis.

[0066] Since the ridge of each adjusting aperture 2212 is connected to the same movable bar 2213, a single lifting or lowering movement of the movable bar 2213 can synchronously drive all adjusting apertures 2121 to rotate in the same manner. After the adjusting apertures 2121 rotate, through the cooperation between the sliding groove 2212 inside and the positioning protrusion 1231 on the aperture blade 2123, the aperture blade 2123 is driven to swing around the positioning protrusion 1232 as a fulcrum, thereby synchronously changing the aperture size of the light passage in the center of each adjusting aperture 2212.

[0067] Based on the above, this invention also proposes a pile foundation testing method for civil engineering construction. Based on the aforementioned pile foundation testing equipment for civil engineering construction, when testing the pile body 100 by high strain method, the tamping device 1 is installed above the pile body 100, the linkage transmitter 21 is installed on the side of the pile body 100, and the fixed receiver 22 is installed on the corresponding position on the surface of the frame 11. Then, the tamping block 14 is lifted by the winding motor 13 and then dropped. The dropping tamping block 14 impacts the surface of the pile body 100, and the tilt of the pile body 100 is detected by the detection component 2 while the descent of the pile body 100 is observed in a conventional manner.

[0068] When observing the tilt of the foundation pile body 100 through the detection component 2, infrared rays are emitted from each infrared emitting end on the surface of the linkage emitting end 21 toward the receiving end body 222. The infrared rays pass through the light through hole in the middle of the adjustment aperture 2212 and then illuminate the surface of the infrared receiving end 2221. Each infrared receiving end 2221 and the corresponding infrared emitting end maintain a light receiving state. When the foundation pile body 100 is impacted and falls or shifts, the connection state between the infrared emitting end and the infrared receiving end 2221 will be changed, thereby determining the attitude of the foundation pile body 100.

[0069] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the scope of the patent and the contents of the specification should still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pile foundation testing device for civil engineering construction, comprising a tamping device (1) for testing a pile body (100) and a testing component (2), wherein the pile body (100) is disposed in the soil, and the upper end of the pile body (100) protrudes from the soil surface, the tamping device (1) is disposed above the pile body (100), and the testing component (2) is disposed between the pile body (100) and the tamping device (1), characterized in that, The tamping device (1) includes a frame (11), a support plate (12), a winding motor (13), a tamping block (14), and a hydraulic cylinder (15). The tamping block (14) is located above the pile body (100), and the tamping block (14) is connected to the rope wound around the winding motor (13). The support plate (12) is symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the frame (11), and the support plate (12) and the frame (11) form an H-shaped connection. 11) Fixed plates (16) are provided on both sides near the support plate (12). A hydraulic cylinder (15) is located between the support plate (12) and the fixed plate (16). The output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder (15) passes through the fixed plate (16) and is fixed to the soil surface. The ramming block (14) is lifted and dropped by the winding motor (13). The impact state of the pile body (100) when the ramming block (14) falls is detected by the detection component (2). The detection component (2) includes a linkage transmitter (21) disposed on the side of the pile body (100) and a fixed receiver (22) disposed on the side of the frame (11) near the pile body (100). The linkage transmitter (21) includes a transmitter body (211) and a fixed steel plate (212). The upper edge of the pile body (100) is provided with a step edge, and the fixed steel plate (212) is fixed in the step edge. The transmitter body (211) is disposed facing the fixed receiver (22). The frame (11) is provided with an installation groove on the side near the pile body (100). The installation groove is provided with an opening on the side near the pile body (100). The fixed receiver (22) includes a receiver body (222) disposed in the installation groove and an adjusting member (221) disposed in the opening. The transmitting end body (211) is provided with multiple infrared transmitting ends on the side facing the receiving end body (222), and at least one infrared transmitting end is inclined downward. The surface of the adjusting member (221) is provided with multiple light holes for infrared rays to pass through and the light transmission area can be adjusted. The receiving end body (222) is provided with corresponding infrared receiving ends (2221) at the corresponding positions of each light hole, so as to emit infrared rays from the infrared transmitting end to the infrared receiving end (2221) to detect the attitude of the foundation pile body (100). The infrared emission angle of the infrared emitter is 12°~15°.

2. The pile foundation testing equipment for civil engineering construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The infrared emitting end includes a first oblique infrared emitting end (2111) and a second oblique infrared emitting end (2112). Both the first oblique infrared emitting end (2111) and the second oblique infrared emitting end (2112) are inclined downwards. The tilt angle of the first oblique infrared emitting end (2111) is smaller than the tilt angle of the second oblique infrared emitting end (2112). The tilt angle of the second oblique infrared emitting end (2112) is 45°; A battery (2113) for supplying power to each infrared emitter is provided on one side of the oblique infrared emitter (2111).

3. The pile foundation testing equipment for civil engineering construction according to claim 2, characterized in that, The adjusting component (221) includes a strip-shaped light-shielding plate (2211) and an adjusting aperture (2212) installed on the surface of the strip-shaped light-shielding plate (2211). The adjusting apertures (2212) are arranged sequentially from top to bottom, and each adjusting aperture (2212) corresponds to each infrared receiving end (2221). The light through hole is located on the middle surface of the adjusting aperture (2212). The adjustable aperture (2212) includes an adjustable ring (2121), a fixed ring (2122), and aperture blades (2123). The aperture blades (2123) are disposed between the adjustable ring (2121) and the fixed ring (2122). The adjustable ring (2121) has a stepped edge on one side of its edge facing the fixed ring (2122). The adjustable ring (2121) is sleeved on the fixed ring (2122) through the stepped edge. The aperture blades (2123) are arranged in a ring array, offset from the center of the adjusting aperture (2212). All aperture blades (2123) are stacked on top of each other, forming the light-passing hole in the middle of the fixed ring (2122). A positioning protrusion one (1231) is provided on the side of the aperture blade (2123) closest to the adjusting ring (2121), and a positioning protrusion two (1232) is provided on the side of the aperture blade (2123) closest to the fixed ring (2122). A first (1231) and a second (1232) positioning protrusion are respectively set at the left and right ends of the aperture blade (2123), and a second (1212) sliding groove is provided at the corresponding position of the adjustment ring (2121) and the first (1231), and a positioning hole (1221) is provided at the corresponding position of the fixing ring (2122) and the second (1232). The first (1231) positioning protrusion is embedded in the second (1212), and the second (1232) positioning protrusion is embedded in the positioning hole (1221). When the adjustment ring (2121) is rotated, the aperture blade (2123) is pushed to swing around the connection end of the positioning protrusion (1232) and the positioning hole (1221) through the connection of the second sliding groove (1212) and the first positioning protrusion (1231), thereby changing the aperture size of the light passage.

4. The pile foundation testing equipment for civil engineering construction according to claim 3, characterized in that, The strip-shaped light shield (2211) has a movable strip (2213) on its side. Each adjustment ring (2212) has an outwardly extending protrusion on the side near the movable strip (2213). The surface of the protrusion has a groove (1211), and the surface of the movable strip (2213) is provided with a connecting shaft (2132) at the corresponding position of each groove (1211). The movable bar (2213) is provided with a toothed rack (2131) on its side. The toothed rack (2131) meshes with a drive gear (2214) on the output shaft of a motor to drive the movable bar (2213) to rise and fall by the motor, and drive the adjusting ring (2121) to rotate by the convex strip.

5. A method for testing pile foundations in civil engineering construction, based on the pile testing equipment for civil engineering construction described in claim 4, characterized in that, When testing the pile body (100) by high strain method, the tamping device (1) is installed above the pile body (100), the linkage transmitter (21) is installed on the side of the pile body (100), and the fixed receiver (22) is installed on the corresponding position of the surface of the frame (11). Then, the tamping block (14) is lifted by the winding motor (13) and then the tamping block (14) is dropped. The falling tamping block (14) impacts the surface of the pile body (100), and the tilt of the pile body (100) is detected by the detection component (2) while the descent of the pile body (100) is observed in a conventional manner. When observing the tilt of the pile body (100) through the detection component (2), infrared rays are emitted towards the receiver body (222) by each infrared emitting end set on the surface of the linkage emitting end (21), and the infrared rays pass through the light through hole in the middle of the adjustment aperture (2212) and irradiate the surface of the infrared receiving end (2221). Each infrared receiving end (2221) and the corresponding infrared emitting end maintain the light receiving state. When the pile body (100) is hit and falls or shifts, the connection state between the infrared emitting end and the infrared receiving end (2221) will be changed, thereby determining the posture of the pile body (100).

Images