Solution aging state aluminum alloy product quality nondestructive testing method

Abstract

The invention discloses a nondestructive testing method for the quality of a solid solution aging state aluminum alloy product, which comprises the following steps of: firstly, establishing a conductivity-mechanical property mapping database by testing multiple batches of raw materials, and dividing a conductivity threshold sigma interval into a qualified area, an unqualified area and a suspected area; when the sigma test is in the qualified area or the unqualified area, directly judging that the quality of the to-be-detected piece is qualified or unqualified; and when the sigma test is located in the doubt area, preparing a standard sample with the conductivity of the sigma test by using the same batch of raw materials of the product for mechanical property test, judging that the quality of the to-be-detected piece is qualified if the mechanical property meets the requirement, and otherwise, judging that the to-be-detected piece is unqualified. A product body does not need to be damaged, and the inspection efficiency is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a non-destructive testing method for the quality of solution-treated aged aluminum alloy products, belonging to the field of non-destructive testing technology for metallic materials. Background Technology

[0002] Solution-aged aluminum alloys possess numerous advantages, including light weight, high strength, and high toughness, and are widely used in the machinery manufacturing industry. Solution-aged aluminum alloys refer to alloys in which alloying elements are fully dissolved into the matrix at high temperatures to form a supersaturated solid solution, which is maintained through rapid cooling. Aging refers to the precipitation of supersaturated dissolved elements as intermetallic compounds at low temperatures or room temperature, forming dispersed hard particles that improve mechanical properties. The mechanical properties of solution-aged aluminum alloys depend on their microstructure, and their electrical conductivity is also closely related to the microstructure. Therefore, there is a certain correlation between the mechanical properties and electrical conductivity of solution-aged aluminum alloys.

[0003] When manufacturing mechanical parts using solution-aged aluminum alloys as raw materials, traditional methods often rely on destructive sampling or furnace-tested samples to determine product quality. Even after successful destructive sampling or furnace-tested samples, ensuring the final product's performance and manufacturing process, the fundamental quality of the product itself remains uncertain, posing a quality risk. A typical example is a satellite support structure that failed to detect insufficient aging during destructive sampling of five parts, leading to on-orbit failure. Furthermore, traditional inspection methods suffer from drawbacks such as high material and machining costs, and long testing cycles. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem solved by this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and propose a non-destructive testing method for the quality of solution-aged aluminum alloy products. This method establishes a mapping database of electrical conductivity and mechanical properties of aluminum alloys and quickly determines the quality of solution-aged aluminum alloy products by means of the relationship between electrical conductivity and mechanical properties.

[0005] The technical solution of this invention is:

[0006] A non-destructive testing method for the quality of solution-treated and aged aluminum alloy products includes:

[0007] S1: Based on existing solutions-aged aluminum alloy products, test the electrical conductivity and mechanical properties of solutions-aged aluminum alloy products, and establish an aluminum alloy electrical conductivity-mechanical property mapping database.

[0008] S2: Based on the aluminum alloy conductivity-mechanical property mapping database, according to whether the mechanical properties meet the index requirements, the conductivity qualified zone, conductivity unqualified zone, and conductivity doubt zone are set.

[0009] S3: Obtain the conductivity value σ of the solution-treated aged aluminum alloy product to be tested. 测试 ;

[0010] S4: When σ 测试 If the conductivity is within the acceptable range, the tested solution-treated aged aluminum alloy product is judged to be either qualified or unqualified; when σ 测试 If the conductivity is within the unqualified region, the tested solution-treated aged aluminum alloy product is deemed unqualified; when σ 测试 If the conductivity is in the questionable zone, the quality of the solution-treated aged aluminum alloy product to be tested is questionable.

[0011] Further, in step S2, the conductivity qualified zone, conductivity unqualified zone, and conductivity doubtful zone are set, and the setting method is as follows:

[0012] In the aluminum alloy electrical conductivity-mechanical property mapping database, if the mechanical properties corresponding to the electrical conductivity in a certain region all meet the index requirements, then the region is the qualified electrical conductivity region; if the mechanical properties corresponding to the electrical conductivity in a certain region do not meet the index requirements, then the region is the unqualified electrical conductivity region; if the mechanical properties corresponding to the electrical conductivity in a certain region either meet the index requirements or do not meet the index requirements, then the region is the doubtful electrical conductivity region.

[0013] Furthermore, in step S4, if there is any doubt about the solution-treated aged aluminum alloy product to be tested, a second verification is performed. Using raw materials from the same batch as the solution-treated aged aluminum alloy product to be tested, a material with an electrical conductivity of σ is prepared. 测试 The standard sample is subjected to mechanical property testing. If the mechanical properties meet the requirements, the quality is deemed qualified; otherwise, the quality is deemed unqualified.

[0014] Furthermore, the aluminum alloy electrical conductivity-mechanical property mapping database covers multiple batches of raw material data, including grades 2A12, 2195, and 7055.

[0015] Furthermore, the aluminum alloy electrical conductivity-mechanical property mapping database covers the electrical conductivity and corresponding mechanical property data of products under different aging conditions.

[0016] Furthermore, in step S1, the conductivity of existing solution-aged aluminum alloy products is tested using the eddy current method, and the same test frequency is set.

[0017] Furthermore, in step S3, the conductivity of the solution-treated aged aluminum alloy product to be tested is obtained using the eddy current method, and the test frequency is the same as that set in step S1.

[0018] Furthermore, in the aluminum alloy electrical conductivity-mechanical property mapping database, the mechanical property index is tensile strength.

[0019] Furthermore, the aluminum alloy electrical conductivity-mechanical property mapping database contains over 10,000 data entries and covers more than 20 batches of raw materials.

[0020] Furthermore, in step S2, as the amount of data in the aluminum alloy conductivity-mechanical property mapping database increases, the ranges of the conductivity qualified area, conductivity unqualified area, and conductivity doubtful area are continuously updated.

[0021] The advantages of this invention compared to the prior art are:

[0022] (1) This invention establishes a conductivity-mechanical property mapping database. The database covers statistical results of multiple batches of raw materials. Based on the statistical results, the conductivity in the mapping database is divided into qualified area, unqualified area, and suspected area. The conductivity values ​​of qualified / unqualified area can be directly used to judge whether the product is qualified or unqualified, and can preliminarily verify most products.

[0023] (2) The conductivity detection method used in this invention is the eddy current method, which uses the principle of electromagnetic induction to quickly and non-destructively detect the conductivity of solution-aged aluminum alloys. This method does not require damage to the product, is simple and quick to operate, and can achieve rapid detection during the production process.

[0024] (3) By setting up a questionable boundary area for the conductivity-mechanical property database, the present invention performs secondary verification on the questionable conductivity data. In order to avoid the influence of factors such as batch differences of raw materials and uniformity of heat treatment furnace temperature, for questionable values, standard blocks are prepared using the same batch of raw materials (the conductivity of the standard blocks is the questionable value), and the standard blocks are subjected to traditional mechanical property testing for secondary identification. This can make up for the uncertainty of conductivity testing alone and improve the reliability of the testing method. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:

[0026] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a non-destructive testing method for the quality of solution-treated and aged aluminum alloy products according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0027] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0028] This invention proposes a non-destructive testing method for the quality of solution-treated and aged aluminum alloy products, such as... Figure 1As shown, it includes:

[0029] S1: Establish an aluminum alloy electrical conductivity-mechanical property mapping database. In this embodiment, the mechanical property is tensile strength. The electrical conductivity-mechanical property mapping database is established according to the different degrees of aging of aluminum alloys, and can be divided into three categories: aged, under-aged, and over-aged. It covers data from multiple batches of raw materials, including commonly used solution-aged aluminum alloys such as 2A12, 2195, and 7055. The electrical conductivity testing method is the eddy current method, and the testing frequency is specified.

[0030] S2: The conductivity threshold σ range is divided into three zones: acceptable, unacceptable, and questionable. The questionable zone is to avoid conductivity differences caused by variations in raw materials from different batches. The classification principle is determined through the analysis of a large number of conductivity and tensile strength test results. If the conductivity and tensile strength are both acceptable within a certain range, it is considered an acceptable zone; if the conductivity and tensile strength are both unacceptable within a certain range, it is considered an unacceptable zone; if the conductivity varies between acceptable and unacceptable batches within a certain range, it is included in the questionable zone, and the values ​​in the questionable zone require a second assessment to determine whether they are acceptable.

[0031] S3: Based on the specified test frequency, the conductivity value σ of the test piece is obtained by scanning with an eddy current probe;

[0032] S4: When σ 测试 If the part is located in the qualified or unqualified zone, it is directly judged as qualified or unqualified; when σ 测试 If the product is located in the suspected area, a second verification will be conducted, using raw materials from the same batch as the product to prepare a sample with a conductivity of σ. 测试 The test piece is deemed qualified if its mechanical properties meet the requirements, otherwise it is deemed unqualified.

[0033] The non-destructive testing method for the quality of solution-treated aged aluminum alloy products proposed in this invention overcomes the shortcomings of traditional testing methods that cannot detect the product itself, reduces testing costs, and improves testing efficiency. This method is simple to operate, can achieve full coverage of the product itself, and effectively avoids product quality risks.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] This example demonstrates the non-destructive testing of a 7050-T73 ring-frame structure product. A conductivity-mechanical property mapping database was established through multi-batch material analysis. For 7050-T73, the acceptable conductivity according to relevant standards is 40.1% IACS ≤ σ < 42.2% IACS; the questionable conductivity is 39.4% IACS ≤ σ < 40.1% IACS or 42.2% IACS ≤ σ < 42.8% IACS; and the unacceptable conductivity is σ < 39.4% IACS or σ ≥ 42.8% IACS. Two 7050-T73 ring-frame structure products, after being outsourced for processing, underwent eddy current conductivity testing. At a certain rib location, one product had a conductivity of 43.2% IACS (unacceptable), and the other had a conductivity of 42.3% IACS (questionable quality). After heat treatment, the conductivity of the questionable part reached 42.3% IACS, and the mechanical properties met the standards. Therefore, the questionable part was deemed acceptable. The cause was traced back to the fact that the outsourced unit used an oxyacetylene torch for heating and shaping during the processing of the rib, which may have caused the 7050-T73 condition to become over-aged.

[0036] Example 2

[0037] This example demonstrates the non-destructive testing of a 2219-T87 load-bearing component. A conductivity-mechanical property mapping database was established through multi-batch material analysis. For 2219-T87, the acceptable conductivity according to relevant standards is 30.2% IACS ≤ σ < 33.9% IACS; the questionable conductivity is 38.5% IACS ≤ σ < 30.2% IACS or 33.9% IACS ≤ σ < 34.6% IACS; and the unacceptable conductivity is σ < 33.9% IACS or σ ≥ 34.6% IACS. After processing, four 2219-T87 load-bearing components were tested for eddy current conductivity. The results showed that all four components had conductivity values ​​between 33.9% and 34.2% IACS (questionable quality). After heat treatment, the conductivity of the raw material sheet for these questionable components reached 33.9%–34.2% IACS, but the mechanical properties failed to meet the standards, thus the questionable components were deemed unacceptable. The cause was traced back to an inappropriate stress-relief annealing process, which led to the 2219-T87 condition becoming over-aged.

[0038] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. Ordinary variations and substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A non-destructive testing method for the quality of solution-treated aged aluminum alloy products, characterized in that, include: S1: Based on existing solutions-aged aluminum alloy products, test the electrical conductivity and mechanical properties of solutions-aged aluminum alloy products, and establish an aluminum alloy electrical conductivity-mechanical property mapping database. S2: Based on the aluminum alloy conductivity-mechanical property mapping database, according to whether the mechanical properties meet the index requirements, the conductivity qualified zone, conductivity unqualified zone, and conductivity doubt zone are set. S3: obtaining the conductivity value σ of the solid-solution and aging state aluminum alloy product to be detected 测试 ; S4: When σ 测试 is located in the conductivity qualified area, it is determined that the quality of the solid solution and aging state aluminum alloy product to be detected is qualified or unqualified; when σ 测试 is located in the conductivity unqualified area, it is determined that the quality of the solid solution and aging state aluminum alloy product to be detected is unqualified; when σ 测试 is located in the conductivity suspicious area, it is determined that the quality of the solid solution and aging state aluminum alloy product to be detected is suspicious.

2. The non-destructive testing method for the quality of solution-treated aged aluminum alloy products according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the conductivity qualified zone, conductivity unqualified zone, and conductivity doubtful zone are set. The setting method is as follows: In the aluminum alloy electrical conductivity-mechanical property mapping database, if the mechanical properties corresponding to the electrical conductivity in a certain region all meet the index requirements, then the region is the qualified electrical conductivity region; if the mechanical properties corresponding to the electrical conductivity in a certain region do not meet the index requirements, then the region is the unqualified electrical conductivity region; if the mechanical properties corresponding to the electrical conductivity in a certain region either meet the index requirements or do not meet the index requirements, then the region is the doubtful electrical conductivity region.

3. The non-destructive testing method for the quality of solution-treated aged aluminum alloy products according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, if there is any doubt about the solution-treated aged aluminum alloy product to be tested, a second verification is performed. Using raw materials from the same batch as the solution-treated aged aluminum alloy product to be tested, a material with an electrical conductivity of σ is prepared. 测试 The standard sample is subjected to mechanical property testing. If the mechanical properties meet the requirements, the quality is deemed qualified; otherwise, the quality is deemed unqualified.

4. The non-destructive testing method for the quality of solution-treated aged aluminum alloy products according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aluminum alloy electrical conductivity-mechanical property mapping database covers data from multiple batches of raw materials, including grades 2A12, 2195, and 7055.

5. The non-destructive testing method for the quality of solution-treated aged aluminum alloy products according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aluminum alloy electrical conductivity-mechanical property mapping database covers the electrical conductivity and corresponding mechanical property data of products under different aging conditions.

6. The non-destructive testing method for the quality of solution-treated aged aluminum alloy products according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the conductivity of existing solution-aged aluminum alloy products is tested using the eddy current method, and the same test frequency is set.

7. The non-destructive testing method for the quality of solution-treated aged aluminum alloy products according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step S3, the conductivity of the solution-treated aged aluminum alloy product to be tested is obtained using the eddy current method, and the test frequency is the same as that set in step S1.

8. The non-destructive testing method for the quality of solution-treated aged aluminum alloy products according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the aluminum alloy electrical conductivity-mechanical property mapping database, the mechanical property index is tensile strength.

9. The non-destructive testing method for the quality of solution-treated aged aluminum alloy products according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aluminum alloy electrical conductivity-mechanical property mapping database contains more than 10,000 records and covers more than 20 batches of raw materials.

10. The non-destructive testing method for the quality of solution-treated aged aluminum alloy products according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, as the amount of data in the aluminum alloy conductivity-mechanical property mapping database increases, the ranges of the conductivity qualified area, conductivity unqualified area, and conductivity doubtful area are continuously updated.

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