Quantitative evaluation method and device for three-dimensional fault plugging property of seismic phased modeling

Abstract

The invention discloses a quantitative evaluation method and device for the three-dimensional fault plugging property of seismic phased modeling, and the method comprises the steps: extracting the fault shale content in fault attributes to a fault surface in a three-dimensional attribute body model based on the three-dimensional attribute body model constructed in a research area, so as to determine the fault mud ratio of the fault surface; determining the fault permeability based on the fault mud ratio and the fault displacement of the fault; the fault conductivity is determined based on the average stratum permeability, the fault permeability, the center distance between grids in the three-dimensional attribute body model and the thickness of a fault zone; constructing fault displacement pressure of the research area based on the fault shale content, the breakpoint burial depth and the fault inclination angle; and based on the fault permeability, the fault conductivity, the fault displacement pressure and the effective seepage area of the fault, constructing a three-dimensional fault plugging performance evaluation factor so as to perform quantitative evaluation on the three-dimensional fault plugging performance. According to the method, the fault plugging performance can be comprehensively and quantitatively evaluated, and meanwhile, the dependence of a well-free area on well data is overcome.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of new energy geophysical exploration technology, and in particular to a method and apparatus for quantitative evaluation of three-dimensional fault sealing performance using seismic phase-controlled modeling. Background Technology

[0002] Global warming has become a major challenge to human survival and global sustainable development. Carbon neutrality and green, low-carbon development have become a global consensus and common action. Capturing, converting, and storing unreducible greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide is an essential technological approach, a key safety net, and a last resort for achieving zero-carbon or even negative-carbon goals on the path to green, low-carbon development. It is also a crucial supporting technology for the clean utilization of fossil fuels and a key technology for building resilient and flexible energy systems.

[0003] Carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) refers to the process of separating carbon dioxide from emission sources in industry or related energy sectors, transporting it, and storing it in geological structures, isolating it from the atmosphere for a long period. Carbon dioxide geological storage has enormous potential for large-scale application and promising commercial prospects, and has a considerable foundation of technological exploration and demonstration applications. Geophysical technology plays a unique and indispensable role in carbon dioxide geological storage projects, particularly in the assessment of the sealing properties of carbon dioxide geological storage spaces.

[0004] Meanwhile, with the rapid development of the national economy and the increasing demand for energy, underground gas storage facilities will play an increasingly important role in oil and gas consumption and security. Underground gas storage facilities are artificial gas fields or reservoirs formed by re-injecting commercial natural gas transported through long-distance pipelines into underground spaces, typically located near downstream natural gas user cities. These underground gas storage facilities provide a strong guarantee for national energy security and the supply of natural gas during peak winter gas consumption periods in cities. The fault sealing capacity within underground gas storage facilities affects the storage capacity, directly determining the operational effectiveness and strategic importance of the facilities. Therefore, conducting quantitative evaluations of fault sealing capabilities is of significant practical importance for gas storage facility construction. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to achieve a comprehensive quantitative evaluation of fault sealing performance, overcome the dependence on well data in well-free areas, and thus enrich the technical approach and increase the selection space, this invention provides a method and apparatus for quantitative evaluation of three-dimensional fault sealing performance using seismic phase control modeling.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for quantitative evaluation of three-dimensional fault sealing performance based on seismic phase-controlled modeling, which may include:

[0007] Based on the three-dimensional attribute volume model constructed in the study area, the fault mud content in the fault attributes is extracted onto the fault plane to determine the fault mud ratio of the fault plane.

[0008] The fault permeability is determined based on the fault gouge ratio and the fault displacement.

[0009] The fault conductivity is determined based on the average formation permeability, fault permeability, the center distance between grids in the three-dimensional attribute volume model, and the fault zone thickness.

[0010] Based on the mud content of the fault, as well as the fault depth and fault dip angle, the fault displacement pressure in the study area is constructed.

[0011] Based on the fault permeability, fault conductivity, fault displacement pressure, and effective seepage area of ​​the fault, a three-dimensional fault sealing performance evaluation factor is constructed to conduct a quantitative evaluation of the three-dimensional fault sealing performance.

[0012] In one embodiment, extracting the fault gouge content from the fault attributes onto the fault plane based on the three-dimensional attribute volume model to determine the fault gouge ratio of the fault plane may include:

[0013] Based on the three-dimensional attribute volume model, the fault mud content in the fault attributes is extracted onto the fault plane;

[0014] Based on the fault clay content and fault displacement, the fault clay ratio of the fault plane is determined.

[0015] In another embodiment, determining the fault conductivity based on the average formation permeability, fault permeability, the center distance between grids in the three-dimensional attribute volume model, and the fault zone thickness may include:

[0016] The fault conductivity is determined based on the average formation permeability, average fault permeability, hanging wall permeability, footwall permeability, center distance between grids, and fault zone thickness.

[0017] In another embodiment, constructing the fault displacement pressure in the study area based on the fault clay content, fault depth, and fault dip angle may include:

[0018] Based on the core displacement pressure, core clay content, core fault depth, and core fault dip angle obtained from the core analysis of existing wells in the study area, a displacement pressure relationship is fitted.

[0019] The fault displacement pressure in the study area is constructed using the fitted displacement pressure relationship, the fault clay content, the fault depth, and the fault dip angle.

[0020] In another embodiment, the above-described quantitative evaluation method for three-dimensional fault sealing based on seismic phase-controlled modeling may further include:

[0021] Based on seismic and drilling data of the study area, a three-dimensional structural model of the study area is constructed.

[0022] Based on the aforementioned three-dimensional structural model, and using well logging and seismic data of the study area, a three-dimensional attribute volume model of the study area is constructed.

[0023] In another embodiment, constructing a three-dimensional structural model of the study area based on seismic and drilling data may include:

[0024] A fault model of the study area is established based on the fault polygon and / or fault plane data of the study area obtained from seismic interpretation.

[0025] The fault model is processed into a planar mesh for layer modeling;

[0026] A marker layer based on well-seismic interpretation combined with seismic data is added to the layers with existing drilling data, and layer interpolation is performed on the layers without drilling data to generate smaller layers.

[0027] The sub-layers are vertically meshed to construct a three-dimensional structural model of the study area.

[0028] In another embodiment, based on the three-dimensional structural model, and using well logging and seismic data of the study area, a three-dimensional attribute volume model of the study area is constructed, which may include:

[0029] Cross-plot analysis is performed on the logging curves of the study area to determine the sensitive logging curves of the study area; wherein, the sensitive logging curves include: natural gamma logging curves and P-wave impedance logging curves;

[0030] The sensitive logging curves of the study area are discretized;

[0031] The sensitive logging curves are inverted on the well profiles in the study area, and the seismic inversion volume and / or seismic attribute volume are quality controlled based on the blind well data to obtain the seismic inversion volume and seismic attribute volume.

[0032] The earthquake inversion volume and the earthquake attribute volume are discretized.

[0033] Based on the three-dimensional structural model and the discretized sensitive logging curves, seismic inversion volume and / or seismic attribute volume, a lithofacies model of the study area is constructed using a stochastic simulation method.

[0034] Statistical analysis was performed on the well logging curves of the study area to determine the variogram parameter values ​​of the study area.

[0035] Based on the variogram parameter values, a three-dimensional attribute volume model of the study area is constructed under the constraints of the lithofacies model.

[0036] In another embodiment, constructing a three-dimensional attribute volume model of the study area based on the variogram parameter values ​​and under the constraints of the lithofacies model may include:

[0037] Based on the variogram parameter values, and under the constraints of the lithofacies model, an initial three-dimensional attribute volume model of the study area is constructed.

[0038] The initial three-dimensional attribute volume model is compared with other models, and the initial three-dimensional attribute volume model is verified based on blind well data to obtain the final three-dimensional attribute volume model.

[0039] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention provide a three-dimensional fault sealing quantitative evaluation device for seismic phase-controlled modeling, which may include:

[0040] The extraction module is used to extract the fault mud content from the fault attributes in the three-dimensional attribute volume model constructed based on the study area, and to extract it onto the fault plane to determine the fault mud ratio of the fault plane.

[0041] A fault permeability determination module is used to determine the fault permeability based on the fault gouge ratio and the fault displacement;

[0042] The fault conductivity determination module is used to determine the fault conductivity based on the average formation permeability, fault permeability, the center distance between grids in the three-dimensional attribute volume model, and the fault zone thickness.

[0043] The fault displacement pressure construction module is used to construct the fault displacement pressure of the study area based on the mud content of the fault, as well as the fault depth and fault dip angle.

[0044] The evaluation factor construction module is used to construct three-dimensional fault sealing evaluation factors based on the fault permeability, fault conductivity, fault displacement pressure, and effective fault seepage area, so as to conduct a quantitative evaluation of three-dimensional fault sealing performance.

[0045] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention provide a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the three-dimensional fault sealing quantitative evaluation method for seismic phase-controlled modeling as described in the first aspect.

[0046] Fourthly, embodiments of the present invention provide a computer device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, it implements the three-dimensional fault sealing quantitative evaluation method for seismic phase-controlled modeling as described in the first aspect.

[0047] The beneficial effects of the above-described technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention include at least the following:

[0048] This invention provides a method and apparatus for quantitative evaluation of three-dimensional fault sealing capacity using seismic phase-controlled modeling. This method, through seismically constrained three-dimensional geological modeling, introduces parameters such as fault permeability, conductivity, and displacement pressure to construct three-dimensional fault sealing capacity evaluation factors, achieving quantitative characterization of fault sealing capacity based on geophysical parameter predictions. The method provided by this invention solves the problem of traditional methods heavily relying on well data through phase-controlled three-dimensional geological modeling. Simultaneously, considering the influence of fault heterogeneity and burial depth, a standardized identification process is established, achieving high-precision quantitative evaluation. This effectively improves the accuracy of fault sealing capacity evaluation and provides important support for the safety evaluation of CCS-sealed geological bodies and gas storage facilities in the new energy field.

[0049] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the written description and the accompanying drawings.

[0050] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0051] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0052] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a three-dimensional fault sealing quantitative evaluation method based on seismic phase-controlled modeling provided in this embodiment of the invention;

[0053] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a detailed method for quantitative evaluation of three-dimensional fault sealing performance based on seismic phase-controlled modeling, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0054] Figure 3 This is a surface view of the results from a traditional fault sealing evaluation method.

[0055] Figure 4 This is a surface view of the result of the three-dimensional fault sealing quantitative evaluation method based on seismic phase-controlled modeling provided in this embodiment of the invention;

[0056] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the three-dimensional fault sealing quantitative evaluation device for seismic phase-controlled modeling provided in this embodiment of the invention. Detailed Implementation

[0057] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0058] The inventors summarized the commonly used evaluation methods for fault sealing performance in practical work. These methods combine attribute values ​​on well logging curves with fault displacement to perform semi-quantitative evaluation of a single fault plane. The inventors found that this method has the following problems: (1) It heavily relies on well data near the fault, resulting in low accuracy in areas with few wells and no evaluation in areas without wells; (2) The evaluation method is based on the fault gouge ratio (SGR), and the evaluation results require the establishment of an SGR evaluation chart for the entire area, which can only provide a semi-quantitative evaluation of sealing performance and cannot achieve a truly comprehensive quantitative evaluation; (3) It does not consider the influence of heterogeneity and burial depth on fault sealing performance, resulting in low accuracy of the evaluation results. In view of the above problems, this invention is proposed to provide a three-dimensional quantitative evaluation method and device for fault sealing performance based on seismic phase control modeling that overcomes or at least partially solves the above problems.

[0059] This invention provides a method for quantitative evaluation of three-dimensional fault sealing performance using seismic phase-controlled modeling, referring to... Figure 1 As shown, the method may include the following steps:

[0060] Step S11: Based on the three-dimensional attribute volume model constructed in the study area, extract the fault mud content in the fault attributes from the three-dimensional attribute volume model onto the fault plane to determine the fault mud ratio of the fault plane.

[0061] Step S12: Determine the fault permeability based on the fault gouge ratio and the fault displacement.

[0062] Step S13: Determine the fault conductivity based on the average formation permeability, fault permeability, center distance between grids in the three-dimensional attribute volume model, and fault zone thickness.

[0063] Step S14: Based on the fault clay content, fault depth, and fault dip angle, construct the fault displacement pressure in the study area.

[0064] Step S15: Based on fault permeability, fault conductivity, fault displacement pressure, and effective seepage area of ​​the fault, construct a three-dimensional fault sealing performance evaluation factor to conduct a quantitative evaluation of three-dimensional fault sealing performance.

[0065] The three-dimensional fault sealing capability quantitative evaluation method based on seismic phase-controlled modeling provided in this invention utilizes seismic-constrained three-dimensional geological modeling to introduce parameters such as fault permeability, conductivity, and displacement pressure to construct three-dimensional fault sealing capability evaluation factors, achieving quantitative characterization of fault sealing capability based on geophysical parameter predictions. This method solves the problem of traditional methods heavily relying on well data through phase-controlled three-dimensional geological modeling. Simultaneously, considering the influence of fault heterogeneity and burial depth, a standardized identification process is established, achieving high-precision quantitative evaluation. This effectively improves the accuracy of fault sealing capability evaluation and provides important support for the safety evaluation of CCS-sealed geological bodies and gas storage facilities in the new energy field.

[0066] In one detailed embodiment, this invention provides a detailed quantitative evaluation method for three-dimensional fault sealing based on seismic phase-controlled modeling, referring to... Figure 2 As shown, this detailed quantitative evaluation method may include the following steps:

[0067] Step S21: Based on the seismic and drilling data of the study area, construct a three-dimensional structural model of the study area.

[0068] The construction of the three-dimensional structural model of the study area in this embodiment of the invention can be divided into the following steps:

[0069] Step (1): Establish a fault model of the study area based on the fault polygon and / or fault plane data of the study area obtained from seismic interpretation.

[0070] Step (2): Perform planar meshing on the fault model to perform layer modeling.

[0071] Step (3): Add marker layers based on well-seismic interpretation to the layers with drilling data, and perform layer interpolation on the layers without drilling data to generate smaller layers.

[0072] Step (4): Vertically mesh the small layers to construct a three-dimensional structural model of the study area.

[0073] In this embodiment of the invention, for the target geological body (there may be several target geological bodies in the study area), three-dimensional structural modeling is performed using existing modeling software. Fault models are established using fault polygon or fault plane data obtained from seismic interpretation. Planar meshing is performed on the fault model, and then marker layers from seismic interpretation are added using a well-seismic combined method. Interpolation is performed on uninterpreted layers to generate sub-layers. Finally, the entire three-dimensional body is divided into three-dimensional meshes through vertical meshing, thereby constructing the stratigraphic framework (three-dimensional structural model) of the study area.

[0074] Step S22: Based on the three-dimensional structural model, construct a three-dimensional attribute volume model of the study area based on well logging data and seismic data of the study area.

[0075] The construction of the three-dimensional attribute model of the study area in this embodiment of the invention can be divided into the following steps:

[0076] Step (1): Perform cross-plot analysis on the logging curves of the study area to determine the sensitive logging curves for the study area; wherein, the sensitive logging curves include: natural gamma logging curves and P-wave impedance logging curves. The sensitive logging curves in this embodiment of the invention are lithofacies-sensitive logging curves, which can distinguish between sandstone and mudstone.

[0077] Step (2): Discretize the sensitive logging curves of the study area.

[0078] Step (3): Invert the sensitive logging curves on the well profile of the study area, and perform quality control on the seismic inversion body and / or seismic attribute body based on the blind well data (corresponding logging curves and amplitude parameters) to obtain the seismic inversion body and seismic attribute body. In this step, the seismic attribute body is the sensitive seismic attribute result, which mainly consists of the amplitude parameters in seismic interpretation.

[0079] Step (4): Discretize the seismic inversion volume and the seismic attribute volume.

[0080] Step (5): Based on the three-dimensional structural model and the discretized sensitive logging curves, seismic inversion volume and / or seismic attribute volume, construct the lithofacies model of the study area using a stochastic simulation method.

[0081] Step (6): Perform statistical analysis based on the well logging curves of the study area to determine the variogram parameter values ​​of the study area.

[0082] Step (7): Based on the variogram parameter values, a three-dimensional attribute volume model of the study area is constructed under the constraints of the lithofacies model. When constructing the three-dimensional attribute volume model of the study area, firstly, based on the variogram parameter values, an initial three-dimensional attribute volume model of the study area is constructed under the constraints of the lithofacies model; then, model comparison is performed based on the initial three-dimensional attribute volume model, and the initial three-dimensional attribute volume model is verified based on blind well data to obtain the final three-dimensional attribute volume model.

[0083] The three-dimensional attribute model construction method provided in this embodiment of the invention performs lithofacies modeling based on structural modeling. Sensitive well logging curves are used to distinguish sandstone and mudstone, and quality control is performed on the seismic inversion volume and / or seismic attribute volume using blind well data (corresponding well logging curves and amplitude parameters) on the well-connected profile, resulting in interpreted lithofacies curves. These curves are then coarsened (discretized) into the structural model, and finally, a lithofacies model of the study area is constructed using a stochastic simulation method. Statistical analysis of the well logging curves yields the variogram parameter values ​​for the study block. Under the constraints of the facies model, an attribute model (three-dimensional attribute volume model) is generated, and the attribute model is continuously optimized through model comparison and blind well verification.

[0084] Step S23: Based on the three-dimensional attribute volume model constructed in the study area, extract the fault mud content in the fault attributes onto the fault plane to determine the fault mud ratio of the fault plane.

[0085] In this step, based on the constructed 3D attribute volume model, the fault attributes are extracted onto the fault plane, and then the fault gouge ratio (fault SGR value) is calculated using 3D reservoir modeling.

[0086] In practical implementation, firstly, the fault clay content in the fault attributes is extracted onto the fault plane based on the three-dimensional attribute volume model; then, based on the fault clay content and the fault displacement, the fault clay ratio of the fault plane is determined. The calculation expression for the fault clay ratio of the above-mentioned fault plane in this embodiment of the invention is as follows:

[0087] SGR=Σ(Vsh) / D

[0088] Where SGR is the fault gouge ratio, which is dimensionless; V sh denoted as fault clay content (%); and D as fault displacement (m).

[0089] In practical work, the inventors discovered that the sealing performance of a fault for fluids mainly depends on the porosity and permeability characteristics and displacement pressure of the fault zone. Therefore, by calculating the permeability, conductivity, and displacement pressure of the fault section, and comprehensively considering the influence of factors such as the heterogeneity of the section and its burial depth, the accuracy of the sealing performance evaluation can be improved, thereby achieving a quantitative evaluation of the fault sealing performance. In this embodiment of the invention, the key parameters are calculated in steps S24, S25, and S26 as follows:

[0090] Step S24: Determine the fault permeability based on the fault gouge ratio and the fault displacement.

[0091] In this embodiment of the invention, the fault permeability is calculated based on the fault gouge ratio, and the specific calculation expression is as follows:

[0092] log(K f )=ab*SGR-c*log(D)(1-SGR) d

[0093] Among them, K f For fault permeability, 10 -3 μm 2 SGR is the cross-sectional clay content, dimensionless; D is the fault displacement, in meters; a, b, c, and d are constants, determined based on the actual geological characteristics of the study area.

[0094] Step S25: Determine the fault conductivity based on the average formation permeability, fault permeability, center distance between grids in the three-dimensional attribute volume model, and fault zone thickness.

[0095] This step fully considers the impact of heterogeneity on fault sealing performance. In specific implementation, the fault conductivity is determined based on average formation permeability, average fault permeability, hanging wall permeability, footwall permeability, inter-grid center distance, and fault zone thickness. The specific calculation expression for fault conductivity TM is as follows:

[0096]

[0097] Where TM is the fault conductivity (the value range is 0-1, where 0 is completely closed and 1 is completely open); For average formation permeability, 10 -3 μm 2 ;K f For fault permeability, 10 -3 μm 2 ; The average fault permeability, 10 -3 μm 2 ;K fw Permeability of the hanging wall of the fault, 10 -3 μm 2 ;K hw Permeability of the footwall of the fault, 10 -3 μm 2 L is the center distance between grids, in meters; t is the thickness of the fault zone, in meters.

[0098] Step S26: Based on the fault clay content, fault depth, and fault dip angle, construct the fault displacement pressure in the study area.

[0099] In this step, the fault displacement pressure in the study area is constructed. In practice, firstly, based on the core displacement pressure, core clay content, core fault depth, and core fault dip angle obtained from the core analysis of existing wells in the study area, a displacement pressure relationship is fitted. Then, using the fitted displacement pressure relationship, along with the fault clay content, fault depth, and fault dip angle, the fault displacement pressure in the study area is constructed.

[0100] In the embodiments of the present invention, the fault displacement pressure p d The specific calculation expression is as follows:

[0101]

[0102] In the formula, p d Fault displacement pressure, MPa; V sh The fault's clay content, %; H r denoted as fault depth (m), θ as fault dip angle (°), and e and f as constants calculated by fitting the core displacement pressure, core clay content, core fault depth, and core fault dip angle obtained from core analysis of existing wells in the study area. In this embodiment of the invention, the actual geological characteristics of the Junggar Basin in Xinjiang are fitted, with e taking a value of 0.3 and f taking a value of 1.151.

[0103] Step S27: Based on fault permeability, fault conductivity, fault displacement pressure, and effective seepage area of ​​the fault, construct a three-dimensional fault sealing performance evaluation factor to conduct a quantitative evaluation of three-dimensional fault sealing performance.

[0104] This step involves constructing a three-dimensional fault-blocking performance evaluation factor S based on the relationships between fault sealing performance and fault permeability, fault conductivity, and fault displacement pressure. f Three-dimensional fault sealing performance evaluation factor S f The specific calculation expression is as follows:

[0105] S f =TM*(g*K) f *A) / (P d *L)

[0106] Where TM is the fault conductivity, m 3 ;K f For fault permeability, 10 -3 μm 2 A represents the effective seepage area of ​​the fault, in meters. 2 ;p ddenoted as fault displacement pressure (MPa); L is the center distance between grids (m); g is the scaling factor, a constant. In this embodiment of the invention, the scaling factor is used to more clearly distinguish the differences in the three-dimensional fault sealing evaluation factors. For example, in the study area of ​​the Junggar Basin in Xinjiang, g is set to 2.

[0107] After establishing three-dimensional fault sealing performance evaluation factors, data from injection and escape wells in actual gas storage geological bodies were applied for verification, achieving a refined quantitative evaluation of fault sealing performance, indicating gas escape risk pathways, and completing an accuracy comparison and evaluation between this method and conventional methods. Using the method provided in this embodiment of the invention to complete the quantitative evaluation of fault sealing performance, achieving precise quantitative identification of fault sealing performance in gas storage geological bodies while improving evaluation accuracy, provides a reliable basis for the selection of CCS saline aquifer storage geological bodies and the safety evaluation of gas storage facilities. (Refer to...) Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, Figure 3 and Figure 4 The center represents the projection of the entire fault, the left H coordinate system represents the depth, and Well represents the drilling near the fault. By comparing the small layers between H41 and H42, it was found that the traditional method uses the logging curve attribute values ​​of the fault plane and the fault offset to apply the difference method for semi-quantitative evaluation, which can only rely on the SGR value for semi-quantitative evaluation, i.e., poor sealing performance, poor, good, and good. The method provided by the present invention realizes the quantitative prediction of the heterogeneity of fault sealing performance, and can effectively show the gas escape channel. Figure 4 (The dark blue part) and verified by actual CO2 injection well and escaping well monitoring data in the work area, indicating that the method is practical and reliable.

[0108] The method provided in this invention comprehensively considers the heterogeneity of faults and the influence of burial depth on sealing performance, establishes a streamlined application method, and solves the problems of traditional methods such as heavy reliance on well data, low accuracy, and failure to achieve fine quantitative evaluation. It has strong practicality and scalability, and can significantly improve the accuracy of fault sealing performance evaluation of geological bodies, laying a solid foundation for the selection of CCS sealing geological bodies and the safety evaluation of gas storage facilities in the new energy field.

[0109] Furthermore, this invention addresses the problem of traditional methods heavily relying on well data by introducing constraints from seismic inversion results / seismic attributes during 3D modeling. This allows for high-precision fault sealing assessment even in areas with few or no wells. Simultaneously, the heterogeneity of the fault is considered during attribute modeling, and the impact of different burial depths on sealing performance is reflected by introducing displacement pressure. A 3D fault sealing performance evaluation factor is constructed, enabling quantitative prediction and evaluation of sealing performance. A standardized process for evaluating the sealing performance of geological faults is established, improving evaluation accuracy and efficiency, and demonstrating strong practicality. After verification in actual work areas, the evaluation effect has improved from semi-quantitative to refined quantitative evaluation. While evaluating sealing performance, it can also indicate gas escape risk channels, providing high-precision prediction results for the selection of CCS saline aquifer storage geological bodies, scheme design, and gas storage safety evaluation.

[0110] Based on the same inventive concept, this invention also provides a three-dimensional fault sealing quantitative evaluation device for seismic phase-controlled modeling, referring to... Figure 5 As shown, the device may include: an extraction module 53, a fault permeability determination module 54, a fault conductivity determination module 55, a fault displacement pressure construction module 56, and an evaluation factor construction module 57. Its working principle is as follows:

[0111] The extraction module 53 is used to extract the fault mud content in the fault attributes from the three-dimensional attribute volume model constructed based on the study area, so as to determine the fault mud ratio of the fault surface.

[0112] The fault permeability determination module 54 is used to determine the fault permeability based on the fault gouge ratio and the fault displacement;

[0113] The fault conductivity determination module 55 is used to determine the fault conductivity based on the average formation permeability, fault permeability, center distance between grids in the three-dimensional attribute volume model, and fault zone thickness.

[0114] The fault displacement pressure construction module 56 is used to construct the fault displacement pressure in the study area based on the fault clay content, fault depth, and fault dip angle.

[0115] The evaluation factor construction module 57 is used to construct three-dimensional fault sealing evaluation factors based on fault permeability, fault conductivity, fault displacement pressure, and effective fault seepage area, so as to conduct quantitative evaluation of three-dimensional fault sealing performance.

[0116] In an optional embodiment, the extraction module 53 is specifically used to: extract the fault clay content in the fault attributes onto the fault plane based on the three-dimensional attribute volume model; and determine the fault clay ratio of the fault plane based on the fault clay content and the fault displacement.

[0117] In another optional embodiment, the fault conductivity determination module 55 is specifically used to: determine the fault conductivity based on the average formation permeability, average fault permeability, hanging wall permeability, footwall permeability, the center distance between the grids, and the fault zone thickness.

[0118] In another optional embodiment, the fault displacement pressure construction module 56 is specifically used to: fit a displacement pressure relationship based on the core displacement pressure, core clay content, core fault depth, and core fault dip angle obtained from core analysis of existing wells in the study area; and construct the fault displacement pressure of the study area using the fitted displacement pressure relationship, the fault clay content, the fault depth, and the fault dip angle.

[0119] In another alternative embodiment, reference is also made to Figure 5 As shown, the evaluation device may further include a three-dimensional structural model building module 51 and a three-dimensional attribute volume model building module 52, the working principle of which is as follows:

[0120] The three-dimensional structural model construction module 51 is used to construct a three-dimensional structural model of the study area based on seismic and drilling data of the study area.

[0121] The three-dimensional attribute volume model construction module 52 is used to construct a three-dimensional attribute volume model of the study area based on the well logging data and seismic data of the study area, on the basis of the three-dimensional structural model.

[0122] In another alternative embodiment, the three-dimensional construction model building module 51 is specifically used for:

[0123] A fault model of the study area is established based on the fault polygon and / or fault plane data of the study area obtained from seismic interpretation.

[0124] The fault model is processed into a planar mesh for layer modeling;

[0125] A marker layer based on well-seismic interpretation combined with seismic data is added to the layers with existing drilling data, and layer interpolation is performed on the layers without drilling data to generate smaller layers.

[0126] The sub-layers are vertically meshed to construct a three-dimensional structural model of the study area.

[0127] In another alternative embodiment, the three-dimensional attribute volume model construction module 52 is specifically used for:

[0128] Cross-plot analysis is performed on the logging curves of the study area to determine the sensitive logging curves of the study area; wherein, the sensitive logging curves include: natural gamma logging curves and P-wave impedance logging curves;

[0129] The sensitive logging curves of the study area are discretized;

[0130] The sensitive logging curves are inverted on the well profiles in the study area, and the seismic inversion volume and / or seismic attribute volume are quality controlled based on the blind well data to obtain the seismic inversion volume and seismic attribute volume.

[0131] The earthquake inversion volume and the earthquake attribute volume are discretized.

[0132] Based on the three-dimensional structural model and the discretized sensitive logging curves, seismic inversion volume and / or seismic attribute volume, a lithofacies model of the study area is constructed using a stochastic simulation method.

[0133] Statistical analysis was performed on the well logging curves of the study area to determine the variogram parameter values ​​of the study area.

[0134] Based on the variogram parameter values, and under the constraints of the lithofacies model, a three-dimensional attribute volume model of the study area is constructed. Specifically, firstly, based on the variogram parameter values ​​and under the constraints of the lithofacies model, an initial three-dimensional attribute volume model of the study area is constructed; then, model comparison is performed based on the initial three-dimensional attribute volume model, and the initial three-dimensional attribute volume model is verified based on blind well data to obtain the final three-dimensional attribute volume model.

[0135] Based on the same inventive concept, this embodiment of the invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-mentioned method for quantitative evaluation of three-dimensional fault sealing in seismic phase-controlled modeling.

[0136] Based on the same inventive concept, this embodiment of the invention also provides a computer device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, it implements the above-mentioned three-dimensional fault sealing quantitative evaluation method for seismic phase-controlled modeling.

[0137] The principles by which the above-mentioned devices, media, and related equipment in the embodiments of the present invention solve the problem are similar to those of the aforementioned methods. Therefore, their implementation can refer to the implementation of the aforementioned methods, and repeated details will not be repeated.

[0138] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage and optical storage) containing computer-usable program code.

[0139] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0140] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0141] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0142] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A quantitative evaluation method for three-dimensional fault sealing performance based on seismic phase-controlled modeling, characterized in that, include: Based on the three-dimensional attribute volume model constructed in the study area, the fault mud content in the fault attributes is extracted onto the fault plane to determine the fault mud ratio of the fault plane. The fault permeability is determined based on the fault gouge ratio and the fault displacement. The fault conductivity is determined based on the average formation permeability, fault permeability, the center distance between grids in the three-dimensional attribute volume model, and the fault zone thickness. Based on the mud content of the fault, as well as the fault depth and fault dip angle, the fault displacement pressure in the study area is constructed. Based on the fault permeability, fault conductivity, fault displacement pressure, and effective seepage area of ​​the fault, a three-dimensional fault sealing performance evaluation factor is constructed to conduct a quantitative evaluation of the three-dimensional fault sealing performance.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The step of extracting the fault clay content from the fault attributes onto the fault plane based on the three-dimensional attribute volume model to determine the fault clay ratio of the fault plane includes: Based on the three-dimensional attribute volume model, the fault mud content in the fault attributes is extracted onto the fault plane; Based on the fault clay content and fault displacement, the fault clay ratio of the fault plane is determined.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, Based on the average formation permeability, fault permeability, the center distance between grids in the three-dimensional attribute volume model, and the fault zone thickness, the fault conductivity is determined, including: The fault conductivity is determined based on the average formation permeability, average fault permeability, hanging wall permeability, footwall permeability, center distance between grids, and fault zone thickness.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, The fault displacement pressure in the study area, based on the fault's clay content, fault depth, and fault dip angle, includes: Based on the core displacement pressure, core clay content, core fault depth, and core fault dip angle obtained from the core analysis of existing wells in the study area, a displacement pressure relationship is fitted. The fault displacement pressure in the study area is constructed using the fitted displacement pressure relationship, the fault clay content, the fault depth, and the fault dip angle.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, Also includes: Based on seismic and drilling data of the study area, a three-dimensional structural model of the study area is constructed. Based on the aforementioned three-dimensional structural model, and using well logging and seismic data of the study area, a three-dimensional attribute volume model of the study area is constructed.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein, Based on seismic and drilling data of the study area, a three-dimensional structural model of the study area is constructed, including: A fault model of the study area is established based on the fault polygon and / or fault plane data of the study area obtained from seismic interpretation. The fault model is processed into a planar mesh for layer modeling; A marker layer based on well-seismic interpretation combined with seismic data is added to the layers with existing drilling data, and layer interpolation is performed on the layers without drilling data to generate smaller layers. The sub-layers are vertically meshed to construct a three-dimensional structural model of the study area.

7. The method of claim 5, wherein, Based on the aforementioned three-dimensional structural model, and using well logging and seismic data of the study area, a three-dimensional attribute volume model of the study area is constructed, including: Cross-plot analysis is performed on the logging curves of the study area to determine the sensitive logging curves of the study area; wherein, the sensitive logging curves include: natural gamma logging curves and P-wave impedance logging curves; The sensitive logging curves of the study area are discretized; The sensitive logging curves are inverted on the well profiles in the study area, and the seismic inversion volume and / or seismic attribute volume are quality controlled based on the blind well data to obtain the seismic inversion volume and seismic attribute volume. The earthquake inversion volume and the earthquake attribute volume are discretized. Based on the three-dimensional structural model and the discretized sensitive logging curves, seismic inversion volume and / or seismic attribute volume, a lithofacies model of the study area is constructed using a stochastic simulation method. Statistical analysis was performed on the well logging curves of the study area to determine the variogram parameter values ​​of the study area. Based on the variogram parameter values, a three-dimensional attribute volume model of the study area is constructed under the constraints of the lithofacies model.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein, The construction of a three-dimensional attribute volume model of the study area based on the variogram parameter values ​​and under the constraints of the lithofacies model includes: Based on the variogram parameter values, and under the constraints of the lithofacies model, an initial three-dimensional attribute volume model of the study area is constructed. The initial three-dimensional attribute volume model is compared with other models, and the initial three-dimensional attribute volume model is verified based on blind well data to obtain the final three-dimensional attribute volume model.

9. A device for quantitative evaluation of three-dimensional fault sealing in seismic facies-controlled modeling, characterized in that, include: The extraction module is used to extract the fault mud content from the fault attributes in the three-dimensional attribute volume model constructed based on the study area, and to extract it onto the fault plane to determine the fault mud ratio of the fault plane. A fault permeability determination module is used to determine the fault permeability based on the fault gouge ratio and the fault displacement; The fault conductivity determination module is used to determine the fault conductivity based on the average formation permeability, fault permeability, the center distance between grids in the three-dimensional attribute volume model, and the fault zone thickness. The fault displacement pressure construction module is used to construct the fault displacement pressure of the study area based on the mud content of the fault, as well as the fault depth and fault dip angle. The evaluation factor construction module is used to construct three-dimensional fault sealing evaluation factors based on the fault permeability, fault conductivity, fault displacement pressure, and effective fault seepage area, so as to conduct a quantitative evaluation of three-dimensional fault sealing performance.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, characterized in that, When executed by the processor, the program implements the three-dimensional fault sealing quantitative evaluation method for seismic phase-controlled modeling as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

11. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the program, it implements the three-dimensional fault sealing quantitative evaluation method for seismic phase-controlled modeling as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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