Multi-gap self-arc-extinguishing lightning arrester with online monitoring function

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-gap self-arc-extinguishing lightning arrester with an on-line monitoring function, the multi-gap self-arc-extinguishing lightning arrester comprises a multi-gap lightning arrester body and an affiliated state monitoring device, and the multi-gap lightning arrester body comprises a multi-gap disc, a metal drainage electrode, a main electrode plate and a connecting core rod; the state monitoring device comprises a limiting voltage acquisition module, an electrode gap distance acquisition module, a peak current acquisition module, a data transmission module, a data processing module and a cloud platform. According to the method, the initiation mechanism and characterization parameters of the abnormal state of the multi-gap self-arc-extinguishing lightning arrester under the actual working condition are fully considered, and the current situation that a traditional lightning arrester monitoring method cannot be suitable for the multi-gap lightning arrester is overcome; the limiting voltage, the peak current and the electrode gap distance of the multi-gap self-arc-extinguishing lightning arrester are collected, the collected data are processed and analyzed, the operation state of the lightning arrester is obtained, and the monitoring result is uploaded to the cloud so that reasonable maintenance and operation measures can be taken, and normal work of the lightning arrester can be guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of surge arrester safety monitoring and evaluation technology, specifically to a multi-gap self-extinguishing surge arrester with online monitoring function. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, there are various ways to reduce the rate of lightning strikes, including installing line surge arresters and reducing the grounding resistance of towers. However, even after taking these lightning protection measures, lightning disasters on transmission and distribution lines still occur frequently. This is due to the limitations of their protective effects; they cannot effectively prevent line lightning accidents. For example, zinc oxide surge arresters, due to long-term operation in outdoor environments, will have their valve plates aged due to various factors, which will damage the normal operating characteristics of the arrester, leaving it in a long-term sub-healthy state and unable to effectively protect against lightning strikes. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the condition monitoring capabilities of surge arresters to enhance lightning protection levels. Currently, for zinc oxide surge arresters, monitoring the magnitude of leakage current is the simplest and most basic monitoring method.

[0003] Given the problems of aging-induced protection failure and potential line hazards associated with metal oxide surge arresters, multi-gap surge arresters are now entering a phase of widespread application. Through insulation coordination design, they can discharge before the insulators under lightning overvoltage, providing an arc-initiating function and preventing insulator ablation. During normal system operation, the multi-gap acts as an isolation mechanism for system voltage; when the line suffers a lightning overvoltage exceeding the gap breakdown voltage, the air gap discharges, the lightning current is discharged to ground through the discharge channel, and the gas gap discharge arc is quickly and effectively extinguished, restoring the line insulation and preventing electrical breakdown of the protected equipment. Unlike traditional zinc oxide surge arresters, multi-gap self-extinguishing surge arresters maintain insulation performance through air gaps, therefore their operating status cannot be determined by monitoring leakage current. When a multi-gap self-extinguishing surge arrester is struck by lightning in a natural environment, the main electrode and its metal components melt at high temperatures. The resulting molten material reduces the electrode spacing. Stress during long-term suspension also contributes to this reduction. This decrease in electrode spacing significantly lowers the arrester's limiting voltage, hindering proper arc discharge and impacting the equipment's lightning protection capability. Furthermore, the number of lightning strikes also affects the equipment's operational status. Due to the relatively short application period, monitoring methods and devices for the operational status of multi-gap surge arresters are not yet fully developed, lacking scientific and technical means to monitor their safe operation and prevent lightning protection failures caused by abnormal operating conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of the existing technology and to provide a multi-gap self-extinguishing surge arrester with online monitoring capabilities, thereby solving the problem of not being able to accurately monitor the operating status of multi-gap self-extinguishing surge arresters.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a multi-gap self-extinguishing surge arrester with online monitoring function, comprising a multi-gap surge arrester body and an auxiliary status monitoring device. The multi-gap surge arrester body includes a multi-gap disk, a metal current-guiding electrode, a main electrode plate, and a connecting core rod. The status monitoring device includes a limiting voltage acquisition module, an electrode gap distance acquisition module, a peak current acquisition module, a data transmission module, a data processing module, and a cloud platform. The limiting voltage acquisition module is mainly used to acquire the limiting voltage passing through the surge arrester when a lightning strike occurs, and is equipped with an electronic voltage transformer.

[0006] The electrode gap distance acquisition module includes multiple resistive displacement sensors to monitor the main gap distance d1 and the small gap distances d2, d3, d4, d5, etc. of the surge arrester;

[0007] The peak current acquisition module is equipped with a current transformer, which is mainly used to measure the peak current under lightning strike conditions and to determine the number of lightning strikes to the arrester through peak monitoring.

[0008] The data transmission module is equipped with a 5G communication network to upload the measured limiting voltage, peak current and electrode gap distance data to the cloud platform.

[0009] The data processing module is integrated into the cloud platform and is used to store and process the received data such as voltage, current, and electrode gap distance to obtain processed data, thereby determining whether the surge arrester is currently in normal operating condition.

[0010] The cloud platform mainly has functions such as remote status assessment, data visualization, and decision support for multi-gap self-extinguishing surge arresters.

[0011] Furthermore, the upper and lower ends of the connecting core rod of the multi-gap surge arrester body are respectively fixedly installed with corresponding upper and lower arc-guiding arms, and the main electrode plates are respectively installed on the upper and lower arc-guiding arms. The bottom surface of the upper main electrode plate is provided with an upper spherical electrode, and the top surface of the lower main electrode plate is provided with a lower spherical electrode. At least one multi-gap disk is fitted on the connecting core rod between the upper and lower arc-guiding arms. The upper and lower end faces of each multi-gap disk are respectively installed with metal current-draining electrodes. The multi-gap disk has a multi-chamber arc-extinguishing structure composed of multiple arc-extinguishing chambers connected in series evenly distributed on its outer side wall along the circumferential direction.

[0012] Furthermore, the limiting voltage acquisition module is mounted on the connecting core rod between the upper main electrode plate and the uppermost multi-gap disk;

[0013] The electrode gap distance acquisition module is set on the connecting core rod between the upper main electrode plate and the uppermost multi-gap disk, on the connecting core rod between two adjacent multi-gap disks, and on the connecting core rod between the lowermost multi-gap disk and the lower main electrode plate.

[0014] The peak current acquisition module is connected to the lower end of the connecting core rod and grounded.

[0015] Furthermore, the main gap spacing d1 refers to the gap between the spherical electrode on the bottom surface of the upper main electrode plate and the metal guiding electrode above the uppermost multi-gap disk;

[0016] The small gaps d2, d3, d4, d5, etc. refer to the gap between two opposing metal guide electrodes on two adjacent multi-gap disks, and the gap between the metal guide electrode below the lowest multi-gap disk and the spherical electrode on the top surface of the lower main electrode plate.

[0017] Furthermore, the resistive displacement sensor has a power supply voltage of 10V, an accuracy of 1mm, and a range of 0-100mm.

[0018] Furthermore, the metal drainage electrode is spherically shaped and made of stainless steel, tungsten copper, or copper.

[0019] Furthermore, the connecting core rod is made of silicone rubber.

[0020] Furthermore, the main electrode plate is made of 304 stainless steel.

[0021] Furthermore, the electronic voltage transformer in the voltage limiting acquisition module draws power from the bus.

[0022] Furthermore, the distances between the small gaps d2, d3, d4, d5, etc. are equal.

[0023] The technical solution described in this invention also provides an online monitoring method for the operating status of a multi-gap self-extinguishing surge arrester. By real-time monitoring of the electrode gap distance, limiting voltage, and number of lightning strikes of the multi-gap self-extinguishing surge arrester, the real-time operating status of the arrester can be determined, providing technical support for the safe operation of the multi-gap self-extinguishing surge arrester.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention fully considers the initiation mechanism and characterization parameters of abnormal status of multi-gap self-extinguishing surge arresters under actual working conditions. Addressing the current situation where traditional surge arrester monitoring methods are not applicable to multi-gap surge arresters, the present invention determines the status monitoring parameters based on the operating mechanism of multi-gap surge arresters. By collecting the limiting voltage, peak current, and electrode gap distance of the multi-gap self-extinguishing surge arrester, and processing and analyzing the collected data, the operating status of the surge arrester is obtained. The data acquisition device is integrated with the surge arrester body to form a multi-gap self-extinguishing surge arrester capable of online monitoring of its operating status. The monitoring results are uploaded to the cloud for appropriate maintenance and repair measures to ensure the normal operation of the surge arrester. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the status monitoring system in this invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-gap self-extinguishing arc arrester of the present invention applied to a 6KV transmission line;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-gap self-extinguishing arc arrester of the present invention applied to 35KV transmission lines;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the multi-gap disk in this invention;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a top view of the multi-clearance disk in this invention;

[0032] In the figure: 1. Multi-gap disk, 2. Metal current-guiding electrode, 3. Main electrode plate, 4. Connecting mandrel, 5. Limiting voltage acquisition module, 6. Electrode gap distance acquisition module, 7. Peak current acquisition module. Detailed Implementation

[0033] It should be noted that in the description of this invention, terms such as "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", and "top" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are only used to facilitate the description of the structural relationship between the components in this invention and do not specifically mean that any component in this invention must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, or be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0034] Furthermore, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," "setting," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0035] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0036] Example 1,

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, a multi-gap self-extinguishing surge arrester with online monitoring function is mainly applicable to various lightning protection scenarios. It includes a multi-gap surge arrester body and an auxiliary status monitoring device. The multi-gap surge arrester body includes a multi-gap disk 1, a metal current-guiding electrode 2 mounted on the multi-gap disk 1, a main electrode plate 3, and a connecting core rod 4. At least one multi-gap disk 1 is provided. The main electrode plate 3 includes an upper main electrode plate and a lower main electrode plate. The connecting core rod 4 is made of silicone rubber, with corresponding upper and lower arc-guiding arms fixedly mounted at its upper and lower ends. The upper and lower main electrode plates are fixedly mounted on the corresponding upper and lower arc-guiding arms to conduct the lightning current flashover path. The main electrode plate 3 is mainly made of 304 stainless steel, with an upper spherical electrode on the bottom surface of the upper main electrode plate and a lower spherical electrode on the top surface of the lower main electrode plate. The multi-gap disk 1 is fitted onto the connecting core rod 4 between the upper and lower arc-guiding arms, arranged in a disc shape, with multiple multi-gap disks 1 spaced apart. Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, each multi-gap disk 1 has a multi-chamber arc-quenching structure uniformly distributed along its outer circumferential side wall, consisting of multiple arc-quenching chambers connected in series. This structure can divide a long electric arc into multiple short arc segments. When a lightning strike occurs, the gap breaks down and conducts, causing the arc to heat the gas inside the chamber, leading to an increase in pressure. The resulting airflow drives the arc to move along the opening direction, stretching and lengthening the arc column. This enhances the convective heat dissipation effect of the arc column and greatly strengthens the deionization effect of charged particles, achieving self-energized arc quenching. Metal guiding electrodes 2 are fixedly installed on the upper and lower end faces of each multi-gap disk 1. The upper and lower metal guiding electrodes 2 are staggered and opposite to each other. All metal guiding electrodes 2 are spherical and made of stainless steel, tungsten copper, or copper.

[0038] The status monitoring device includes a limiting voltage acquisition module 5, an electrode gap distance acquisition module 6, a peak current acquisition module 7, a data transmission module, a data processing module, and a cloud platform. The limiting voltage acquisition module 6 is equipped with an electronic voltage transformer, which is mounted on the connecting core 4 between the upper main electrode plate and the uppermost multi-gap disk 1. It is mainly used to measure and acquire the limiting voltage passing through the surge arrester during a lightning strike.

[0039] The electrode gap distance acquisition module 6 includes multiple resistive displacement sensors, which are respectively installed on the connecting core between the upper main electrode plate and the uppermost multi-gap disk 1, on the connecting core between two adjacent multi-gap disks 1, and on the connecting core between the lowermost multi-gap disk 1 and the lower main electrode plate, to monitor the main gap distance d1 and the small gap distances d2, d3, d4, d5, etc. of the surge arrester. The main gap distance d1 refers to the gap between the spherical electrode on the bottom surface of the upper main electrode plate and the metal current-guiding electrode 2 above the uppermost multi-gap disk 1. The small gap distances d2, d3, d4, d5, etc. refer to the gap between two opposite metal current-guiding electrodes 2 on two adjacent multi-gap disks 1, and the gap between the metal current-guiding electrode 2 below the lowermost multi-gap disk 1 and the spherical electrode on the top surface of the lower main electrode plate. The electronic voltage transformer draws power from the busbar, and the secondary side voltage powers multiple resistive displacement sensors. The resistive displacement sensors are powered by 10V, have an accuracy of 1mm, and a range of 0-100mm.

[0040] The peak current acquisition module 7 is equipped with a current transformer, which is connected to the lower end of the connecting core rod 4 and grounded. It is mainly used to measure the peak current under lightning strike conditions and to determine the number of lightning strikes to the arrester through peak monitoring.

[0041] The data transmission module is equipped with a 5G communication network to upload the measured limiting voltage, peak current, and electrode gap distance data to the cloud platform.

[0042] The data processing module, integrated into the cloud platform, is used to store and process received data such as voltage, current, and electrode gap distance to obtain processed data, thereby determining whether the surge arrester is currently in normal operating condition.

[0043] The cloud platform mainly has functions such as remote status assessment, data visualization, and decision support for multi-gap self-extinguishing surge arresters.

[0044] Based on the above-described structural configuration, the technical solution of this invention also provides an online monitoring method for multi-gap self-extinguishing surge arresters, combined with... Figure 2 As shown, the voltage limiting acquisition module 5, the electrode gap distance acquisition module 6, and the peak current acquisition module 7 respectively monitor the lightning strike voltage, electrode gap distance, and number of lightning strikes of the multi-gap self-extinguishing arc arrester in real time. The data is then transmitted to the cloud platform via the 5G data transmission module. The MCU data processing module integrated in the cloud platform stores and processes the received data such as voltage, current, and electrode gap distance to obtain the processed data, which is used to determine the real-time operating status of the arrester.

[0045] Example 2,

[0046] like Figure 5 As shown, a multi-gap self-extinguishing surge arrester with online monitoring function is applied to lightning protection scenarios of 6KV transmission lines. It includes a multi-gap surge arrester body and an auxiliary status monitoring device. The multi-gap surge arrester body includes a multi-gap disk 1, a metal current-guiding electrode 2 mounted on the multi-gap disk 1, a main electrode plate 3, and a connecting core rod 4. The multi-gap disk 1 is single, and the main electrode plate 3 includes an upper main electrode plate and a lower main electrode plate. The connecting core rod 4 is made of silicone rubber, with corresponding upper and lower arc-guiding arms fixedly mounted at its upper and lower ends. The upper and lower main electrode plates are fixedly mounted on the corresponding upper and lower arc-guiding arms to conduct lightning current flashover paths. The main electrode plate 3 is mainly made of 304 stainless steel, with an upper spherical electrode on the bottom surface of the upper main electrode plate and a lower spherical electrode on the top surface of the lower main electrode plate. The multi-gap disk 1 is fitted onto the connecting core rod 4 between the upper and lower arc-guiding arms, and is arranged in a disc shape. Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the multi-gap disk 1 has a multi-chamber arc-extinguishing structure uniformly distributed along its outer circumferential side wall, consisting of multiple arc-extinguishing chambers connected in series. This structure can divide a long electric arc into multiple short arc segments. When a lightning strike occurs, the gap breaks down and conducts, causing the arc to heat the gas inside the chamber, resulting in a pressure increase. The resulting air blowing effect drives the arc to move along the opening direction, stretching and lengthening the arc column. This enhances the convective heat dissipation effect of the arc column and greatly enhances the deionization effect of charged particles, achieving self-energized arc quenching. A metal guiding electrode 2 is fixedly installed on each of the upper and lower end faces of the multi-gap disk 1. The two metal guiding electrodes 2 are staggered and opposite to the upper spherical electrode on the bottom surface of the upper main electrode plate and the lower spherical electrode on the top surface of the lower main electrode plate, respectively. Both metal guiding electrodes 2 are spherical and made of stainless steel, tungsten copper, or copper.

[0047] The status monitoring device includes a limiting voltage acquisition module 5, an electrode gap distance acquisition module 6, a peak current acquisition module 7, a data transmission module, a data processing module, and a cloud platform. The limiting voltage acquisition module 6 is equipped with an electronic voltage transformer, which is mounted on the connecting core rod 4 between the upper main electrode plate and the multi-gap disk 1. It is mainly used to measure and acquire the limiting voltage passing through the surge arrester during a lightning strike.

[0048] The electrode gap distance acquisition module 6 includes two resistive displacement sensors, respectively mounted on the connecting core 4 between the upper main electrode plate and the multi-gap disk 1, and on the connecting core 4 between the multi-gap disk 1 and the lower main electrode plate, to monitor the main gap distance d1 and the small gap distance d2 of the surge arrester. The main gap distance d1 refers to the gap between the spherical electrode on the bottom surface of the upper main electrode plate and the metal current-guiding electrode 2 above the multi-gap disk 1, with an initial distance of 60mm. The small gap distance d2 refers to the gap between the metal current-guiding electrode 2 below the multi-gap disk 1 and the spherical electrode on the top surface of the lower main electrode plate, with an initial distance of 40mm. The electronic voltage transformer draws power from the busbar, and the secondary side voltage powers the multiple resistive displacement sensors. The resistive displacement sensors are powered by 10V, have an accuracy of 1mm, and a range of 0–100mm.

[0049] The peak current acquisition module 7 is equipped with a current transformer, which is connected to the lower end of the connecting core rod 4 and grounded. It is mainly used to measure the peak current under lightning strike conditions and to determine the number of lightning strikes to the arrester through peak monitoring.

[0050] The data transmission module is equipped with a 5G communication network to upload the measured limiting voltage, peak current, and electrode gap distance data to the cloud platform.

[0051] The data processing module, integrated into the cloud platform, is used to store and process received data such as voltage, current, and electrode gap distance to obtain processed data, thereby determining whether the surge arrester is currently in normal operating condition.

[0052] The cloud platform mainly has functions such as remote status assessment, data visualization, and decision support for multi-gap self-extinguishing surge arresters.

[0053] Based on the above-mentioned structural configuration, the technical solution of this invention also provides an online monitoring method for multi-gap self-extinguishing surge arresters. The method uses a voltage limiting acquisition module 5, an electrode gap distance acquisition module 6, and a peak current acquisition module 7 to monitor the lightning strike voltage, the distance between the two electrode gaps, and the number of lightning strikes in real time. The data is then transmitted to a cloud platform via a 5G data transmission module. The MCU data processing module integrated in the cloud platform stores and processes the received data such as voltage, current, and electrode gap distance to obtain processed data, which is used to determine the real-time operating status of the surge arrester.

[0054] Example 3,

[0055] like Figure 6 As shown, a multi-gap self-extinguishing surge arrester with online monitoring function is applied to the lightning protection scenario of 35KV transmission lines. It includes a multi-gap surge arrester body and an auxiliary status monitoring device. The multi-gap surge arrester body includes a multi-gap disk 1, a metal current-guiding electrode 2 mounted on the multi-gap disk 1, a main electrode plate 3, and a connecting core rod 4. Four multi-gap disks 1 are provided. The main electrode plate 3 includes an upper main electrode plate and a lower main electrode plate. The connecting core rod 4 is made of silicone rubber, with corresponding upper and lower arc-guiding arms fixedly mounted at its upper and lower ends, respectively. The upper and lower main electrode plates are fixedly mounted on their respective upper and lower arc-guiding arms to conduct lightning current flashover paths. The main electrode plate 3 is primarily made of 304 stainless steel, with an upper spherical electrode on the bottom surface of the upper main electrode plate and a lower spherical electrode on the top surface of the lower main electrode plate. Each multi-gap disk 1 is fitted onto the connecting core rod 4 between the upper and lower arc-guiding arms, arranged in a disc shape, with the four multi-gap disks 1 spaced apart. Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, each multi-gap disk 1 has a multi-chamber arc-quenching structure uniformly distributed along its outer circumferential side wall, consisting of multiple arc-quenching chambers connected in series. This structure can divide a long electric arc into multiple short arc segments. When a lightning strike occurs, the gap breaks down and conducts, causing the arc to heat the gas inside the chamber, leading to an increase in pressure. The resulting airflow drives the arc to move along the opening direction, stretching and lengthening the arc column. This enhances the convective heat dissipation effect of the arc column and greatly strengthens the deionization effect of charged particles, achieving self-energized arc quenching. Metal guiding electrodes 2 are fixedly installed on the upper and lower end faces of each multi-gap disk 1. The upper and lower metal guiding electrodes 2 are staggered and opposite to each other. All metal guiding electrodes 2 are spherical and made of stainless steel, tungsten copper, or copper.

[0056] The status monitoring device includes a limiting voltage acquisition module 5, an electrode gap distance acquisition module 6, a peak current acquisition module 7, a data transmission module, a data processing module, and a cloud platform. The limiting voltage acquisition module 6 is equipped with an electronic voltage transformer, which is mounted on the connecting core 4 between the upper main electrode plate and the uppermost multi-gap disk 1. It is mainly used to measure and acquire the limiting voltage passing through the surge arrester during a lightning strike.

[0057] The electrode gap distance acquisition module 6 includes five resistive displacement sensors, which are respectively installed on the connecting core rod 4 between the upper main electrode plate and the uppermost multi-gap disk 1, on the connecting core rod 4 between two adjacent multi-gap disks 1, and on the connecting core rod 4 between the lowermost multi-gap disk 1 and the lower main electrode plate, to monitor the main gap distance d1 and the small gap distances d2, d3, d4, and d5 of the surge arrester. The main gap distance d1 refers to the gap between the spherical electrode on the bottom surface of the upper main electrode plate and the metal current-guiding electrode 2 above the uppermost multi-gap disk 1, and the initial distance of d1 is 60mm. The small gap distances d2, d3, d4, and d5 refer to the gap between two opposite metal current-guiding electrodes 2 on two adjacent multi-gap disks 1, and the gap between the metal current-guiding electrode 2 below the lowermost multi-gap disk 1 and the spherical electrode on the top surface of the lower main electrode plate. The initial distances of the small gap distances d2, d3, d4, and d5 are equal, all being 40mm. The electronic voltage transformer draws power from the busbar, and the secondary side voltage powers multiple resistive displacement sensors. The resistive displacement sensors are powered by 10V, have an accuracy of 1mm, and a range of 0-100mm.

[0058] The peak current acquisition module 7 is equipped with a current transformer, which is connected to the lower end of the connecting core rod 4 and grounded. It is mainly used to measure the peak current under lightning strike conditions and to determine the number of lightning strikes to the arrester through peak monitoring.

[0059] The data transmission module is equipped with a 5G communication network to upload the measured limiting voltage, peak current, and electrode gap distance data to the cloud platform.

[0060] The data processing module, integrated into the cloud platform, is used to store and process received data such as voltage, current, and electrode gap distance to obtain processed data, thereby determining whether the surge arrester is currently in normal operating condition.

[0061] The cloud platform mainly has functions such as remote status assessment, data visualization, and decision support for multi-gap self-extinguishing surge arresters.

[0062] Based on the above-mentioned structural configuration, the technical solution of this invention also provides an online monitoring method for multi-gap self-extinguishing surge arresters. The method uses a voltage limiting acquisition module 5, an electrode gap distance acquisition module 6, and a peak current acquisition module 7 to monitor the lightning strike voltage, electrode gap distance, and number of lightning strikes of the multi-gap self-extinguishing surge arrester in real time. The data is then transmitted to a cloud platform via a 5G data transmission module. The MCU data processing module integrated in the cloud platform stores and processes the received voltage, current, electrode gap distance, and other data to obtain processed data, which is used to determine the real-time operating status of the surge arrester.

[0063] Example 4,

[0064] A multi-gap self-extinguishing surge arrester with online monitoring function is applied to lightning protection scenarios for 6KV transmission lines. It includes a multi-gap surge arrester body and an auxiliary status monitoring device. The multi-gap surge arrester body includes a multi-gap disk 1, a metal current-guiding electrode 2 mounted on the multi-gap disk 1, a main electrode plate 3, and a connecting core rod 4. The multi-gap disk 1 is single, and the main electrode plate 3 includes an upper main electrode plate and a lower main electrode plate. The connecting core rod 4 is made of silicone rubber, with corresponding upper and lower arc-guiding arms fixedly mounted at its upper and lower ends. The upper and lower main electrode plates are respectively fixedly mounted on the corresponding upper and lower arc-guiding arms to conduct lightning current flashover paths. The main electrode plate 3 is primarily made of 304 stainless steel, with an upper spherical electrode on the bottom surface of the upper main electrode plate and a lower spherical electrode on the top surface of the lower main electrode plate. The multi-gap disk 1 is fitted onto the connecting core rod 4 between the upper and lower arc-guiding arms, forming a disc shape. Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the multi-gap disk 1 has a multi-chamber arc-extinguishing structure uniformly distributed along its outer circumferential side wall, consisting of multiple arc-extinguishing chambers connected in series. This structure can divide a long electric arc into multiple short arc segments. When a lightning strike occurs, the gap breaks down and conducts, causing the arc to heat the gas inside the chamber, resulting in a pressure increase. The resulting air blowing effect drives the arc to move along the opening direction, stretching and lengthening the arc column. This enhances the convective heat dissipation effect of the arc column and greatly enhances the deionization effect of charged particles, achieving self-energized arc quenching. A metal guiding electrode 2 is fixedly installed on each of the upper and lower end faces of the multi-gap disk 1. The two metal guiding electrodes 2 are staggered and opposite to the upper spherical electrode on the bottom surface of the upper main electrode plate and the lower spherical electrode on the top surface of the lower main electrode plate, respectively. Both metal guiding electrodes 2 are spherical and made of stainless steel, tungsten copper, or copper.

[0065] The status monitoring device includes a limiting voltage acquisition module 5, an electrode gap distance acquisition module 6, a peak current acquisition module 7, a data transmission module, a data processing module, and a cloud platform. The limiting voltage acquisition module 6 is equipped with an electronic voltage transformer, which is mounted on the connecting core rod 4 between the upper main electrode plate and the multi-gap disk 1. It is mainly used to measure and acquire the limiting voltage passing through the surge arrester during a lightning strike.

[0066] The electrode gap distance acquisition module 6 includes two resistive displacement sensors, respectively mounted on the connecting core 4 between the upper main electrode plate and the multi-gap disk 1, and on the connecting core 4 between the multi-gap disk 1 and the lower main electrode plate, to monitor the main gap distance d1 and the small gap distance d2 of the surge arrester. The main gap distance d1 refers to the gap between the spherical electrode on the bottom surface of the upper main electrode plate and the metal current-guiding electrode 2 above the multi-gap disk 1, with an initial distance of 60mm. The small gap distance d2 refers to the gap between the metal current-guiding electrode 2 below the multi-gap disk 1 and the spherical electrode on the top surface of the lower main electrode plate, with an initial distance of 30mm. The electronic voltage transformer draws power from the busbar, and the secondary side voltage powers the multiple resistive displacement sensors. The supply voltage for the resistive displacement sensors is 20V, the accuracy of the displacement sensors is 1mm, and the range is 0–100mm.

[0067] The peak current acquisition module 7 is equipped with a current transformer, which is connected to the lower end of the connecting core rod 4 and grounded. It is mainly used to measure the peak current under lightning strike conditions and to determine the number of lightning strikes to the arrester through peak monitoring.

[0068] The data transmission module is equipped with a 5G communication network to upload the measured limiting voltage, peak current, and electrode gap distance data to the cloud platform.

[0069] The data processing module, integrated into the cloud platform, is used to store and process received data such as voltage, current, and electrode gap distance to obtain processed data, thereby determining whether the surge arrester is currently in normal operating condition.

[0070] The cloud platform mainly has functions such as remote status assessment, data visualization, and decision support for multi-gap self-extinguishing surge arresters.

[0071] Based on the above-mentioned structural configuration, the technical solution of this invention also provides an online monitoring method for multi-gap self-extinguishing surge arresters. The method uses a voltage limiting acquisition module 5, an electrode gap distance acquisition module 6, and a peak current acquisition module 7 to monitor the lightning strike voltage, the distance between the two electrode gaps, and the number of lightning strikes in real time. The data is then transmitted to a cloud platform via a 5G data transmission module. The MCU data processing module integrated in the cloud platform stores and processes the received data such as voltage, current, and electrode gap distance to obtain processed data, which is used to determine the real-time operating status of the surge arrester.

[0072] Example 5,

[0073] A multi-gap self-extinguishing surge arrester with online monitoring function is applied to lightning protection scenarios of 35KV transmission lines. It includes a multi-gap surge arrester body and an auxiliary status monitoring device. The multi-gap surge arrester body includes a multi-gap disk 1, a metal current-guiding electrode 2 mounted on the multi-gap disk 1, a main electrode plate 3, and a connecting core rod 4. Four multi-gap disks 1 are provided. The main electrode plate 3 includes an upper main electrode plate and a lower main electrode plate. The connecting core rod 4 is made of silicone rubber, with corresponding upper and lower arc-guiding arms fixedly mounted at its upper and lower ends, respectively. The upper and lower main electrode plates are fixedly mounted on their respective upper and lower arc-guiding arms to conduct lightning current flashover paths. The main electrode plate 3 is primarily made of 304 stainless steel, with an upper spherical electrode on the bottom surface of the upper main electrode plate and a lower spherical electrode on the top surface of the lower main electrode plate. Each multi-gap disk 1 is fitted onto the connecting core rod 4 between the upper and lower arc-guiding arms, arranged in a disc shape, with the four multi-gap disks 1 spaced apart. Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, each multi-gap disk 1 has a multi-chamber arc-quenching structure uniformly distributed along its outer circumferential side wall, consisting of multiple arc-quenching chambers connected in series. This structure can divide a long electric arc into multiple short arc segments. When a lightning strike occurs, the gap breaks down and conducts, causing the arc to heat the gas inside the chamber, leading to an increase in pressure. The resulting airflow drives the arc to move along the opening direction, stretching and lengthening the arc column. This enhances the convective heat dissipation effect of the arc column and greatly strengthens the deionization effect of charged particles, achieving self-energized arc quenching. Metal guiding electrodes 2 are fixedly installed on the upper and lower end faces of each multi-gap disk 1. The upper and lower metal guiding electrodes 2 are staggered and opposite to each other. All metal guiding electrodes 2 are spherical and made of stainless steel, tungsten copper, or copper.

[0074] The status monitoring device includes a limiting voltage acquisition module 5, an electrode gap distance acquisition module 6, a peak current acquisition module 7, a data transmission module, a data processing module, and a cloud platform. The limiting voltage acquisition module 6 is equipped with an electronic voltage transformer, which is mounted on the connecting core 4 between the upper main electrode plate and the uppermost multi-gap disk 1. It is mainly used to measure and acquire the limiting voltage passing through the surge arrester during a lightning strike.

[0075] The electrode gap distance acquisition module 6 includes five resistive displacement sensors, which are respectively installed on the connecting core rod 4 between the upper main electrode plate and the uppermost multi-gap disk 1, on the connecting core rod 4 between two adjacent multi-gap disks 1, and on the connecting core rod 4 between the lowermost multi-gap disk 1 and the lower main electrode plate, to monitor the main gap distance d1 and the small gap distances d2, d3, d4, and d5 of the surge arrester. The main gap distance d1 refers to the gap between the spherical electrode on the bottom surface of the upper main electrode plate and the metal current-guiding electrode 2 above the uppermost multi-gap disk 1, and the initial distance of d1 is 60mm. The small gap distances d2, d3, d4, and d5 refer to the gap between two opposite metal current-guiding electrodes 2 on two adjacent multi-gap disks 1, and the gap between the metal current-guiding electrode 2 below the lowermost multi-gap disk 1 and the spherical electrode on the top surface of the lower main electrode plate. The initial distances of the small gap distances d2, d3, d4, and d5 are equal, all being 30mm. The electronic voltage transformer draws power from the busbar, and the secondary side voltage powers multiple resistive displacement sensors. The resistive displacement sensors are powered by 20V, have an accuracy of 1mm, and a range of 0-100mm.

[0076] The peak current acquisition module 7 is equipped with a current transformer, which is connected to the lower end of the connecting core rod 4 and grounded. It is mainly used to measure the peak current under lightning strike conditions and to determine the number of lightning strikes to the arrester through peak monitoring.

[0077] The data transmission module is equipped with a 5G communication network to upload the measured limiting voltage, peak current, and electrode gap distance data to the cloud platform.

[0078] The data processing module, integrated into the cloud platform, is used to store and process received data such as voltage, current, and electrode gap distance to obtain processed data, thereby determining whether the surge arrester is currently in normal operating condition.

[0079] The cloud platform mainly has functions such as remote status assessment, data visualization, and decision support for multi-gap self-extinguishing surge arresters.

[0080] Based on the above-mentioned structural configuration, the technical solution of this invention also provides an online monitoring method for multi-gap self-extinguishing surge arresters. The method uses a voltage limiting acquisition module 5, an electrode gap distance acquisition module 6, and a peak current acquisition module 7 to monitor the lightning strike voltage, electrode gap distance, and number of lightning strikes of the multi-gap self-extinguishing surge arrester in real time. The data is then transmitted to a cloud platform via a 5G data transmission module. The MCU data processing module integrated in the cloud platform stores and processes the received voltage, current, electrode gap distance, and other data to obtain processed data, which is used to determine the real-time operating status of the surge arrester.

[0081] Example 6,

[0082] A multi-gap self-extinguishing surge arrester with online monitoring function is applied to lightning protection scenarios of 20KV transmission lines. It includes a multi-gap surge arrester body and an auxiliary status monitoring device. The multi-gap surge arrester body includes a multi-gap disk 1, a metal current-guiding electrode 2 mounted on the multi-gap disk 1, a main electrode plate 3, and a connecting core rod 4. Two multi-gap disks 1 are provided, and the main electrode plate 3 includes an upper main electrode plate and a lower main electrode plate. The connecting core rod 4 is made of silicone rubber, with corresponding upper and lower arc-guiding arms fixedly mounted at its upper and lower ends, respectively. The upper and lower main electrode plates are fixedly mounted on the corresponding upper and lower arc-guiding arms to conduct the lightning current flashover path. The main electrode plate 3 is primarily made of 304 stainless steel, with an upper spherical electrode on the bottom surface of the upper main electrode plate and a lower spherical electrode on the top surface of the lower main electrode plate. The multi-gap disk 1 is fitted onto the connecting core rod 4 between the upper and lower arc-guiding arms, arranged in a disc shape, with the two multi-gap disks 1 spaced apart. Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the multi-gap disk 1 has a multi-chamber arc-extinguishing structure uniformly distributed along its outer circumferential side wall, consisting of multiple arc-extinguishing chambers connected in series. This structure can divide a long electric arc into multiple short arc segments. When a lightning strike occurs, the gap breaks down and conducts, causing the arc to heat the gas in the chamber, resulting in a pressure increase. The resulting air blowing effect drives the arc to move along the opening direction, stretching and lengthening the arc column. This enhances the convective heat dissipation effect of the arc column and greatly enhances the deionization effect of charged particles, achieving self-energized arc quenching. Each multi-gap disk 1 has a metal guiding electrode 2 fixedly installed on its upper and lower end faces. The two metal guiding electrodes 2 are staggered and opposite to the upper spherical electrode on the bottom surface of the upper main electrode plate and the lower spherical electrode on the top surface of the lower main electrode plate, respectively. The metal guiding electrodes 2 are all spherical and made of stainless steel, tungsten copper, or copper.

[0083] The status monitoring device includes a limiting voltage acquisition module 5, an electrode gap distance acquisition module 6, a peak current acquisition module 7, a data transmission module, a data processing module, and a cloud platform. The limiting voltage acquisition module 6 is equipped with an electronic voltage transformer, which is mounted on the connecting core 4 between the upper main electrode plate and the uppermost multi-gap disk 1. It is mainly used to measure and acquire the limiting voltage passing through the surge arrester during a lightning strike.

[0084] The electrode gap distance acquisition module 6 includes three resistive displacement sensors, which are respectively installed on the connecting core rod 4 between the upper main electrode plate and the uppermost multi-gap disk 1, the connecting core rod 4 between the two multi-gap disks 1, and the connecting core rod 4 between the lowermost multi-gap disk 1 and the lower main electrode plate, to monitor the main gap distance d1 and the small gap distances d2 and d3 of the surge arrester. The main gap distance d1 refers to the gap between the spherical electrode on the bottom surface of the upper main electrode plate and the metal current-guiding electrode 2 above the uppermost multi-gap disk 1, and the initial distance of d1 is 50mm. The small gap distances d2 and d3 refer to the gap between the two opposite metal current-guiding electrodes 2 on the two multi-gap disks 1, and the gap between the metal current-guiding electrode 2 below the lowermost multi-gap disk 1 and the spherical electrode on the top surface of the lower main electrode plate, respectively. The initial distances of the two are equal, and the initial distances of d2 and d3 are both 30mm. The electronic voltage transformer draws power from the busbar, and the secondary side voltage powers multiple resistive displacement sensors. The resistive displacement sensors are powered by 10V, have an accuracy of 1mm, and a range of 0-100mm.

[0085] The peak current acquisition module 7 is equipped with a current transformer, which is connected to the lower end of the connecting core rod 4 and grounded. It is mainly used to measure the peak current under lightning strike conditions and to determine the number of lightning strikes to the arrester through peak monitoring.

[0086] The data transmission module is equipped with a 5G communication network to upload the measured limiting voltage, peak current, and electrode gap distance data to the cloud platform.

[0087] The data processing module, integrated into the cloud platform, is used to store and process received data such as voltage, current, and electrode gap distance to obtain processed data, thereby determining whether the surge arrester is currently in normal operating condition.

[0088] The cloud platform mainly has functions such as remote status assessment, data visualization, and decision support for multi-gap self-extinguishing surge arresters.

[0089] Based on the above-mentioned structural configuration, the technical solution of this invention also provides an online monitoring method for multi-gap self-extinguishing surge arresters. The method uses a voltage limiting acquisition module 5, an electrode gap distance acquisition module 6, and a peak current acquisition module 7 to monitor the lightning strike voltage, the distance between the two electrode gaps, and the number of lightning strikes in real time. The data is then transmitted to a cloud platform via a 5G data transmission module. The MCU data processing module integrated in the cloud platform stores and processes the received data such as voltage, current, and electrode gap distance to obtain processed data, which is used to determine the real-time operating status of the surge arrester.

[0090] Example 7,

[0091] A multi-gap self-extinguishing surge arrester with online monitoring function is applied to lightning protection scenarios of 45KV transmission lines. It includes a multi-gap surge arrester body and an auxiliary status monitoring device. The multi-gap surge arrester body includes a multi-gap disk 1, a metal current-guiding electrode 2 mounted on the multi-gap disk 1, a main electrode plate 3, and a connecting core rod 4. Four multi-gap disks 1 are provided. The main electrode plate 3 includes an upper main electrode plate and a lower main electrode plate. The connecting core rod 4 is made of silicone rubber, with corresponding upper and lower arc-guiding arms fixedly mounted at its upper and lower ends, respectively. The upper and lower main electrode plates are fixedly mounted on their respective upper and lower arc-guiding arms to conduct lightning current flashover paths. The main electrode plate 3 is primarily made of 304 stainless steel, with an upper spherical electrode on the bottom surface of the upper main electrode plate and a lower spherical electrode on the top surface of the lower main electrode plate. Each multi-gap disk 1 is fitted onto the connecting core rod 4 between the upper and lower arc-guiding arms, arranged in a disc shape, with the four multi-gap disks 1 spaced apart. Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, each multi-gap disk 1 has a multi-chamber arc-quenching structure uniformly distributed along its outer circumferential side wall, consisting of multiple arc-quenching chambers connected in series. This structure can divide a long electric arc into multiple short arc segments. When a lightning strike occurs, the gap breaks down and conducts, causing the arc to heat the gas inside the chamber, leading to an increase in pressure. The resulting airflow drives the arc to move along the opening direction, stretching and lengthening the arc column. This enhances the convective heat dissipation effect of the arc column and greatly strengthens the deionization effect of charged particles, achieving self-energized arc quenching. Metal guiding electrodes 2 are fixedly installed on the upper and lower end faces of each multi-gap disk 1. The upper and lower metal guiding electrodes 2 are staggered and opposite to each other. All metal guiding electrodes 2 are spherical and made of stainless steel, tungsten copper, or copper.

[0092] The status monitoring device includes a limiting voltage acquisition module 5, an electrode gap distance acquisition module 6, a peak current acquisition module 7, a data transmission module, a data processing module, and a cloud platform. The limiting voltage acquisition module 6 is equipped with an electronic voltage transformer, which is mounted on the connecting core 4 between the upper main electrode plate and the uppermost multi-gap disk 1. It is mainly used to measure and acquire the limiting voltage passing through the surge arrester during a lightning strike.

[0093] The electrode gap distance acquisition module 6 includes five resistive displacement sensors, which are respectively installed on the connecting core rod 4 between the upper main electrode plate and the uppermost multi-gap disk 1, on the connecting core rod 4 between two adjacent multi-gap disks 1, and on the connecting core rod 4 between the lowermost multi-gap disk 1 and the lower main electrode plate, to monitor the main gap distance d1 and the small gap distances d2, d3, d4, and d5 of the surge arrester. The main gap distance d1 refers to the gap between the spherical electrode on the bottom surface of the upper main electrode plate and the metal current-guiding electrode 2 above the uppermost multi-gap disk 1, and the initial distance of d1 is 60mm. The small gap distances d2, d3, d4, and d5 refer to the gap between two opposite metal current-guiding electrodes 2 on two adjacent multi-gap disks 1, and the gap between the metal current-guiding electrode 2 below the lowermost multi-gap disk 1 and the spherical electrode on the top surface of the lower main electrode plate. The initial distances of the small gap distances d2, d3, d4, and d5 are equal, all being 40mm. The electronic voltage transformer draws power from the busbar, and the secondary side voltage powers multiple resistive displacement sensors. The resistive displacement sensors are powered by 20V, have an accuracy of 1mm, and a range of 0-100mm.

[0094] The peak current acquisition module 7 is equipped with a current transformer, which is connected to the lower end of the connecting core rod 4 and grounded. It is mainly used to measure the peak current under lightning strike conditions and to determine the number of lightning strikes to the arrester through peak monitoring.

[0095] The data transmission module is equipped with a 5G communication network to upload the measured limiting voltage, peak current, and electrode gap distance data to the cloud platform.

[0096] The data processing module, integrated into the cloud platform, is used to store and process received data such as voltage, current, and electrode gap distance to obtain processed data, thereby determining whether the surge arrester is currently in normal operating condition.

[0097] The cloud platform mainly has functions such as remote status assessment, data visualization, and decision support for multi-gap self-extinguishing surge arresters.

[0098] Based on the above-mentioned structural configuration, the technical solution of this invention also provides an online monitoring method for multi-gap self-extinguishing surge arresters. The method uses a voltage limiting acquisition module 5, an electrode gap distance acquisition module 6, and a peak current acquisition module 7 to monitor the lightning strike voltage, electrode gap distance, and number of lightning strikes of the multi-gap self-extinguishing surge arrester in real time. The data is then transmitted to a cloud platform via a 5G data transmission module. The MCU data processing module integrated in the cloud platform stores and processes the received voltage, current, electrode gap distance, and other data to obtain processed data, which is used to determine the real-time operating status of the surge arrester.

[0099] Example 8,

[0100] A multi-gap self-extinguishing surge arrester with online monitoring function is applied to lightning protection scenarios of 60KV transmission lines. It includes a multi-gap surge arrester body and an auxiliary status monitoring device. The multi-gap surge arrester body includes a multi-gap disk 1, a metal current-guiding electrode 2 mounted on the multi-gap disk 1, a main electrode plate 3, and a connecting core rod 4. There are six multi-gap disks 1. The main electrode plate 3 includes an upper main electrode plate and a lower main electrode plate. The connecting core rod 4 is made of silicone rubber, with corresponding upper and lower arc-guiding arms fixedly mounted at its upper and lower ends, respectively. The upper and lower main electrode plates are fixedly mounted on the corresponding upper and lower arc-guiding arms to conduct the lightning current flashover path. The main electrode plate 3 is mainly made of 304 stainless steel, with an upper spherical electrode on the bottom surface of the upper main electrode plate and a lower spherical electrode on the top surface of the lower main electrode plate. Each multi-gap disk 1 is fitted onto the connecting core rod 4 between the upper and lower arc-guiding arms, arranged in a disc shape, with the six multi-gap disks 1 spaced apart. Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, each multi-gap disk 1 has a multi-chamber arc-quenching structure uniformly distributed along its outer circumferential side wall, consisting of multiple arc-quenching chambers connected in series. This structure can divide a long electric arc into multiple short arc segments. When a lightning strike occurs, the gap breaks down and conducts, causing the arc to heat the gas inside the chamber, leading to an increase in pressure. The resulting airflow drives the arc to move along the opening direction, stretching and lengthening the arc column. This enhances the convective heat dissipation effect of the arc column and greatly strengthens the deionization effect of charged particles, achieving self-energized arc quenching. Metal guiding electrodes 2 are fixedly installed on the upper and lower end faces of each multi-gap disk 1. The upper and lower metal guiding electrodes 2 are staggered and opposite to each other. All metal guiding electrodes 2 are spherical and made of stainless steel, tungsten copper, or copper.

[0101] The status monitoring device includes a limiting voltage acquisition module 5, an electrode gap distance acquisition module 6, a peak current acquisition module 7, a data transmission module, a data processing module, and a cloud platform. The limiting voltage acquisition module 6 is equipped with an electronic voltage transformer, which is mounted on the connecting core 4 between the upper main electrode plate and the uppermost multi-gap disk 1. It is mainly used to measure and acquire the limiting voltage passing through the surge arrester during a lightning strike.

[0102] The electrode gap distance acquisition module 6 includes seven resistive displacement sensors, which are respectively installed on the connecting core rod 4 between the upper main electrode plate and the uppermost multi-gap disk 1, on the connecting core rod 4 between two adjacent multi-gap disks 1, and on the connecting core rod 4 between the lowermost multi-gap disk 1 and the lower main electrode plate, to monitor the main gap distance d1 and the small gap distances d2, d3, d4, d5, d6, and d7 of the surge arrester. The main gap distance d1 refers to the distance from the spherical electrode on the bottom surface of the upper main electrode plate to the uppermost multi-gap disk 1. The initial distance d1 between the metal guiding electrodes 2 above the multi-gap disk 1 is 80mm. The smaller gaps d2, d3, d4, d5, d6, and d7 refer to the gaps between two opposing metal guiding electrodes 2 on two adjacent multi-gap disks 1, and the gap between the metal guiding electrode 2 below the lowest multi-gap disk 1 and the spherical electrode on the top surface of the lower main electrode plate, respectively. The initial distances of the smaller gaps d2, d3, d4, d5, d6, and d7 are all equal, at 40mm. The electronic voltage transformer draws power from the busbar, and the secondary side voltage supplies power to multiple resistive displacement sensors. The supply voltage of the resistive displacement sensors is 20V, the accuracy of the displacement sensors is 1mm, and the range is 0-100mm.

[0103] The peak current acquisition module 7 is equipped with a current transformer, which is connected to the lower end of the connecting core rod 4 and grounded. It is mainly used to measure the peak current under lightning strike conditions and to determine the number of lightning strikes to the arrester through peak monitoring.

[0104] The data transmission module is equipped with a 5G communication network to upload the measured limiting voltage, peak current, and electrode gap distance data to the cloud platform.

[0105] The data processing module, integrated into the cloud platform, is used to store and process received data such as voltage, current, and electrode gap distance to obtain processed data, thereby determining whether the surge arrester is currently in normal operating condition.

[0106] The cloud platform mainly has functions such as remote status assessment, data visualization, and decision support for multi-gap self-extinguishing surge arresters.

[0107] Based on the above-mentioned structural configuration, the technical solution of this invention also provides an online monitoring method for multi-gap self-extinguishing surge arresters. The method uses a voltage limiting acquisition module 5, an electrode gap distance acquisition module 6, and a peak current acquisition module 7 to monitor the lightning strike voltage, electrode gap distance, and number of lightning strikes of the multi-gap self-extinguishing surge arrester in real time. The data is then transmitted to a cloud platform via a 5G data transmission module. The MCU data processing module integrated in the cloud platform stores and processes the received voltage, current, electrode gap distance, and other data to obtain processed data, which is used to determine the real-time operating status of the surge arrester.

[0108] It is also worth noting that in the invention, descriptions such as "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and do not specifically refer to any order or sequence, nor are they intended to limit the invention. They are merely used to distinguish components or operations described using the same technical terms, and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature specified with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features.

[0109] Of course, the above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the examples given above. Any changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention should also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-gap self-extinguishing surge arrester with online monitoring function, characterized in that: The system includes a multi-gap surge arrester body and an associated condition monitoring device. The multi-gap surge arrester body includes a multi-gap disk, metal current-guiding electrodes, a main electrode plate, and a connecting core rod. The condition monitoring device includes a limiting voltage acquisition module, an electrode gap distance acquisition module, a peak current acquisition module, a data transmission module, a data processing module, and a cloud platform. The limiting voltage acquisition module is mainly used to acquire the limiting voltage passing through the surge arrester when a lightning strike occurs, and is equipped with an electronic voltage transformer. The electrode gap distance acquisition module includes multiple resistive displacement sensors to monitor the main gap distance d1 and the small gap distances d2, d3, d4, d5, etc. of the surge arrester; The peak current acquisition module is equipped with a current transformer, which is mainly used to measure the peak current under lightning strike conditions and to determine the number of lightning strikes to the arrester through peak monitoring. The data transmission module is equipped with a 5G communication network to upload the measured limiting voltage, peak current and electrode gap distance data to the cloud platform. The data processing module is integrated into the cloud platform and is used to store and process the received data such as voltage, current, and electrode gap distance to obtain processed data, thereby determining whether the surge arrester is currently in normal operating condition. The cloud platform mainly has functions such as remote status assessment, data visualization, and decision support for multi-gap self-extinguishing surge arresters.

2. A multi-gap self-extinguishing surge arrester with online monitoring function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper and lower ends of the connecting core rod of the multi-gap surge arrester body are respectively fixedly installed with corresponding upper and lower arc guide arms. The main electrode plates are respectively installed on the upper and lower arc guide arms. The bottom surface of the upper main electrode plate is provided with an upper spherical electrode, and the top surface of the lower main electrode plate is provided with a lower spherical electrode. At least one multi-gap disk is fitted on the connecting core rod between the upper and lower arc guide arms. The upper and lower end faces of each multi-gap disk are respectively installed with metal current-draining electrodes. The multi-gap disk has a multi-chamber arc-extinguishing structure composed of multiple arc-extinguishing chambers connected in series evenly distributed on its outer side wall along the circumferential direction.

3. A multi-gap self-extinguishing surge arrester with online monitoring function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The voltage limiting acquisition module is mounted on the connecting core rod between the upper main electrode plate and the uppermost multi-gap disk. The electrode gap distance acquisition module is set on the connecting core rod between the upper main electrode plate and the uppermost multi-gap disk, on the connecting core rod between two adjacent multi-gap disks, and on the connecting core rod between the lowermost multi-gap disk and the lower main electrode plate. The peak current acquisition module is connected to the lower end of the connecting core rod and grounded.

4. A multi-gap self-extinguishing surge arrester with online monitoring function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The main gap spacing d1 refers to the gap between the spherical electrode on the bottom surface of the upper main electrode plate and the metal guiding electrode above the uppermost multi-gap disk; The small gaps d2, d3, d4, d5, etc. refer to the gap between two opposing metal guide electrodes on two adjacent multi-gap disks, and the gap between the metal guide electrode below the lowest multi-gap disk and the spherical electrode on the top surface of the lower main electrode plate.

5. A multi-gap self-extinguishing surge arrester with online monitoring function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The resistive displacement sensor is powered by 10V, has an accuracy of 1mm, and a range of 0-100mm.

6. A multi-gap self-extinguishing surge arrester with online monitoring function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The metal drainage electrode is spherical and made of stainless steel, tungsten copper, or copper.

7. A multi-gap self-extinguishing surge arrester with online monitoring function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connecting core is made of silicone rubber.

8. A multi-gap self-extinguishing surge arrester with online monitoring function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The main electrode plate is made of 304 stainless steel.

9. A multi-gap self-extinguishing surge arrester with online monitoring function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electronic voltage transformer in the voltage limiting acquisition module draws power from the bus.

10. A multi-gap self-extinguishing surge arrester with online monitoring function according to claim 4, characterized in that: The distances between the small gaps d2, d3, d4, d5, etc. are equal.

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