Control method and device for cascading failure, storage medium and electronic equipment

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a cascading fault control method and device, a storage medium and electronic equipment, and the method comprises the steps: when a cascading fault composed of a first fault and a second fault is detected, determining a first distribution position of a first synchronous machine corresponding to the first fault in a synchronous machine cluster based on the first distribution position of the first synchronous machine corresponding to the first fault; determining whether the first synchronous machine and the second synchronous machine belong to the same distribution area of the synchronous machine cluster according to the first distribution position of the first synchronous machine corresponding to the first fault and the second distribution position of the second synchronous machine corresponding to the second fault in the synchronous machine cluster; determining a fault time difference between the first fault and the second fault based on the first sending time of the first fault and the second sending time of the second fault; and when the first synchronous machine and the second synchronous machine belong to the same distribution area and the fault time difference is zero, executing a first control operation corresponding to the first fault and a second control operation corresponding to the second fault on the synchronous machine cluster at the same time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of power system control, and more specifically, to a method and apparatus for controlling successive faults, a storage medium, and an electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] In large-scale interconnected power grids, rapid and accurate identification and response to successive faults are crucial to ensuring the safe and stable operation of the grid. Traditional power system control strategies often neglect the time intervals between successive faults and the electrical geographical relationships between fault sources when dealing with successive faults. This leads to low efficiency in the formulation and execution of control strategies, an inability to effectively address the cascading effects of successive faults, and consequently, low efficiency in the control and handling of successive faults.

[0003] Therefore, there is a technical problem in the related technologies where the control and processing efficiency for successive faults is low. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a method and apparatus for controlling successive faults, a storage medium, and an electronic device, to at least solve the technical problem of low efficiency in controlling and processing successive faults in related technologies.

[0005] According to one embodiment of this application, a method for controlling successive faults is provided, comprising: upon detecting a successive fault consisting of a first fault and a second fault, determining whether the first and second synchronizers belong to the same distribution area of ​​the synchronizer cluster based on a first distribution location of the first synchronizer corresponding to the first fault in the synchronizer cluster and a second distribution location of the second synchronizer corresponding to the second fault in the synchronizer cluster, wherein the first fault is used to indicate a fault on the output bus of the first synchronizer and the second fault is used to indicate a fault on the output bus of the second synchronizer; determining a fault time difference between the first and second faults based on a first transmission time of the first fault and a second transmission time of the second fault; and simultaneously executing a first control operation corresponding to the first fault and a second control operation corresponding to the second fault on the synchronizer cluster when the first and second synchronizers belong to the same distribution area and the fault time difference is zero.

[0006] According to another embodiment of this application, a control device for successive faults is provided, comprising: a first determining unit, configured to, upon detecting a successive fault consisting of a first fault and a second fault, determine whether the first and second synchronizers belong to the same distribution area of ​​the synchronizer cluster based on a first distribution position of the first synchronizer corresponding to the first fault in the synchronizer cluster and a second distribution position of the second synchronizer corresponding to the second fault in the synchronizer cluster, wherein the first fault indicates a fault on the output bus of the first synchronizer and the second fault indicates a fault on the output bus of the second synchronizer; a second determining unit, configured to, based on a first transmission time of the first fault and a second transmission time of the second fault, determine a fault time difference between the first and second faults; and a control unit, configured to, when the first and second synchronizers belong to the same distribution area and the fault time difference is zero, simultaneously execute a first control operation corresponding to the first fault and a second control operation corresponding to the second fault on the synchronizer cluster.

[0007] According to yet another embodiment of this application, a computer-readable storage medium is also provided, in which a computer program is stored, wherein the computer program is configured to perform the steps in any of the above method embodiments when it is run.

[0008] According to yet another embodiment of this application, an electronic device is also provided, including a memory and a processor, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory and the processor is configured to run the computer program to perform the steps in any of the above method embodiments.

[0009] The embodiments provided in this application, by combining the fault time difference and the distribution location of the synchronizers in the cluster, achieve accurate identification and rapid response to successive faults, especially for almost simultaneous faults occurring within the same electrical distribution area. Specifically, by detecting the specific locations of the first and second faults, i.e., the electrical distribution areas of the first and second synchronizers, it is possible to accurately determine whether the two faults occur in the same area; based on the detection time of the first and second faults, the time difference between the two faults can be quickly calculated. When it is confirmed that the two faults occur in the same area and the time difference is zero, the first and second control operations are executed simultaneously on the synchronizer cluster, without the need for additional simulation analysis of successive faults. This greatly improves the efficiency of control strategy formulation and execution, thereby achieving a technical effect of improving the control processing of successive faults and solving the technical problem of low control processing efficiency for successive faults in related technologies. Attached Figure Description

[0010] Figure 1 This is a hardware structure block diagram of a method for controlling successive faults according to an embodiment of this application.

[0011] Figure 2This is a flowchart of a method for controlling successive faults according to an embodiment of this application.

[0012] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for controlling and processing successive faults according to an embodiment of this application.

[0013] Figure 4 This is a structural block diagram of a control device for successive faults according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0014] The embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0015] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0016] The methods and embodiments provided in this application can be executed on a computer terminal or similar computing device. Taking running on a computer terminal as an example, Figure 1 This is a hardware structure block diagram of a computer terminal for a sequential fault control method according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 As shown, a computer terminal may include one or more ( Figure 1 Only one is shown in the diagram. A processor 102 (which may include, but is not limited to, a microprocessor MCU or a programmable logic device FPGA, etc.) and a memory 104 for storing data are also shown. The computer terminal may further include a transmission device 106 for communication functions and an input / output device 108. Those skilled in the art will understand that... Figure 1 The structure shown is for illustrative purposes only and does not limit the structure of the computer terminal described above. For example, the computer terminal may also include components that are more complex than those described above. Figure 1 The more or fewer components shown, or having the same Figure 1 The different configurations shown.

[0017] The memory 104 can be used to store computer programs, such as application software programs and modules, like the computer program corresponding to the sequential fault control method in this embodiment. The processor 102 executes various functional applications and data processing by running the computer program stored in the memory 104, thus implementing the aforementioned method. The memory 104 may include high-speed random access memory and non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic storage devices, flash memory, or other non-volatile solid-state memory. In some instances, the memory 104 may further include memory remotely located relative to the processor 102, and these remote memories can be connected to a computer terminal via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the Internet, corporate intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.

[0018] The transmission device 106 is used to receive or send data via a network. Specific examples of the network described above may include a wireless network provided by a communication provider for the computer terminal. In one example, the transmission device 106 includes a Network Interface Controller (NIC), which can connect to other network devices via a base station to communicate with the Internet. In another example, the transmission device 106 may be a Radio Frequency (RF) module used for wireless communication with the Internet.

[0019] As an alternative solution, a method for controlling successive faults, such as Figure 2 As shown, the specific steps include:

[0020] S202, when a successive fault consisting of a first fault and a second fault is detected, based on the first distribution position of the first synchronizer corresponding to the first fault in the synchronizer cluster and the second distribution position of the second synchronizer corresponding to the second fault in the synchronizer cluster, it is determined whether the first synchronizer and the second synchronizer belong to the same distribution area of ​​the synchronizer cluster, wherein the first fault is used to indicate a fault in the output bus of the first synchronizer and the second fault is used to indicate a fault in the output bus of the second synchronizer.

[0021] S204, Based on the first transmission time of the first fault and the second transmission time of the second fault, determine the fault time difference between the first fault and the second fault;

[0022] S206, when the first synchronizer and the second synchronizer belong to the same distribution area and the fault time difference is zero, the first control operation corresponding to the first fault and the second control operation corresponding to the second fault are executed simultaneously on the synchronizer cluster.

[0023] Optionally, in this embodiment, the successive fault control method can be applied, but is not limited to, to successive fault scenarios in UHV AC / DC hybrid transmission lines. In a large-scale UHV AC / DC hybrid transmission network, two adjacent transmission lines are damaged by natural disasters almost simultaneously, resulting in severe faults at the output buses of the first and second synchronous machines, forming a successive fault scenario. At this time, the stability of the power grid and the reliability of power supply are greatly threatened, requiring a rapid and effective control strategy to restore system stability.

[0024] Optionally, in this embodiment, the successive fault control method can be applied, but is not limited to, a successive fault scenario in an urban microgrid. In an urban microgrid, due to extreme weather, two distributed power generation nodes within the microgrid experience faults almost simultaneously, triggering a successive fault situation. These two distributed power generation nodes are connected to a first synchronizer and a second synchronizer, respectively. Urban power demand is highly sensitive, and any prolonged power outage will severely impact daily life and the economy.

[0025] Optionally, in this embodiment, successive faults refer to two or more fault events that occur consecutively within a short period of time. These fault events may affect each other, seriously threatening the stability of the power system. The risk of successive faults is particularly high in power systems because the first fault may cause a change in the system state, thus making the impact of the second fault more severe.

[0026] Optionally, in this embodiment, the first fault and the second fault refer to two faults that occur successively, with the first fault occurring before the second fault. These two faults correspond to the first synchronous machine output bus fault and the second synchronous machine output bus fault, respectively.

[0027] Optionally, in this embodiment, in the power system, a synchronous machine refers to a generator that operates synchronously with the power grid and can maintain the same frequency as the grid. The first synchronous machine and the second synchronous machine are two generator sets affected by successive faults, with their output buses experiencing the first fault and the second fault, respectively. A synchronous machine cluster refers to a group of synchronous machines that are geographically and electrically close to each other and are electrically connected through the power grid to form a relatively independent operating unit.

[0028] Optionally, in this embodiment, the first distribution location and the second distribution location refer to the electrical distribution locations of the first and second synchronizers in the synchronizer cluster, that is, their locations in the power grid and the electrical distance between them.

[0029] Optionally, in this embodiment, when faced with successive faults, the power system needs to implement emergency control operations to maintain system stability. The first control operation and the second control operation are respectively aimed at the first fault and the second fault, and are designed to mitigate the impact of the faults on the power grid.

[0030] Optionally, in this embodiment, the distribution area refers to the spatial region where a group of electrically connected synchronous machines are located, which is typically defined by the geographical distribution and network connectivity of the power system. Fault time difference refers to the time difference between the first and second faults in a series of faults; this time difference has a significant impact on the effectiveness of the control strategy and the stability of the system.

[0031] Optionally, in this embodiment, a successive fault event consisting of a first fault and a second fault is first detected in the monitoring system. These fault events may be monitored by the power grid's sensor network, for example, by obtaining the operating status of the synchronizing machine and the electrical parameters of the power grid through a SCADA system.

[0032] Next, based on the electrical distribution locations of the first and second synchronizers within the synchronizer cluster, it is determined whether the two synchronizers belong to the same electrical distribution area. This is achieved by analyzing electrical distance and network topology, with the aim of determining the tightness of the electrical connection between the two synchronizers.

[0033] Then, based on the detection times of the first and second faults, the system calculates the fault time difference between the two faults. Calculating the fault time difference is crucial for determining the nature of successive faults and optimizing control strategies.

[0034] When it is determined that the first and second synchronizers belong to the same distribution area and the fault time difference is zero, this invention simultaneously executes the first and second control operations on the synchronizer cluster. This real-time coordinated control can quickly respond to faults that occur almost simultaneously, avoiding the additional simulation analysis steps required for successive faults in traditional control strategies, and greatly improving control efficiency.

[0035] Understandably, in this embodiment, the execution of the control strategy is optimized based on the electrical distribution location and fault time difference between fault sources. In power systems, the identification and response speed of successive faults has a significant impact on system stability. Traditional control strategies often cannot effectively cope with almost simultaneous faults occurring in the same electrical distribution area because they lack rapid identification and response mechanisms, which may lead to delays or conflicts in control operations. In this embodiment, when the first and second faults are detected, it is possible to quickly determine whether the two faults occur in the same electrical distribution area and calculate the fault time difference. For faults occurring in the same area with a zero time difference, the synchronous machine cluster will immediately execute the pre-defined first and second control operations without additional simulation analysis. This approach not only improves the execution speed of the control strategy but also ensures the coordination and effectiveness of control operations, effectively avoiding the chain reaction of successive faults and guaranteeing the stable operation of the power system.

[0036] The embodiments provided in this application, by combining the fault time difference and the distribution location of the synchronizers in the cluster, enable accurate identification and rapid response to successive faults, particularly for almost simultaneous faults occurring within the same electrical distribution area. Specifically, by detecting the specific locations of the first and second faults, i.e., the electrical distribution areas of the first and second synchronizers, it is possible to accurately determine whether the two faults occur in the same area; based on the detection time of the first and second faults, the time difference between the two faults can be quickly calculated. When it is confirmed that the two faults occur in the same area and the time difference is zero, the first and second control operations are executed simultaneously on the synchronizer cluster, eliminating the need for additional simulation analysis of successive faults. This significantly improves the efficiency of control strategy formulation and execution, thereby achieving a technical effect of improving the control processing of successive faults.

[0037] As an optional approach, after determining the fault time difference between the first fault and the second fault based on the first transmission time of the first fault and the second transmission time of the second fault, the method further includes:

[0038] If the first and second synchronizers are located in different distribution areas, or if the time difference between failures is greater than zero, perform one of the following operations:

[0039] Perform the first control operation on the synchronization machine cluster;

[0040] Perform a second control operation on the synchronization machine cluster.

[0041] Optionally, in this embodiment, when successive fault events are detected, it is first assessed whether the first synchronizer corresponding to the first fault and the second synchronizer corresponding to the second fault are located in the same distribution area of ​​the synchronizer cluster, and the fault time difference between the two faults is calculated.

[0042] Optionally, in this embodiment, when the first synchronizer and the second synchronizer are located in different distribution areas, although the faults may occur one after another in a short period of time, due to electrical isolation, the impact of the faults will not immediately spread to the other. In this case, the control operations related to the earlier fault are executed first to mitigate the impact of the fault in a timely manner and ensure that the cluster less affected continues to operate stably.

[0043] When the fault time difference is greater than zero and the two synchronizers belong to the same distribution area, it indicates that although the fault has a time interval, it may still have a cascading effect on other synchronizers in the cluster. At this time, based on the fault timing and electrical characteristics, control operations related to the preceding or subsequent fault are selected to be executed in order to take effective control points in the fault propagation chain and prevent or reduce the overall impact of the fault on the system.

[0044] Based on the above determination, a single first control operation or a single second control operation will be performed on the synchronizer cluster, rather than both operations simultaneously. This decision is based on a comprehensive consideration of the fault time difference and the electrical distribution location of the synchronizers, aiming to avoid wasting control resources while ensuring the effectiveness and timeliness of control measures.

[0045] Through the embodiments provided in this application, for successive faults in different distribution areas, since the electrical impact is limited, the faults that occur earlier are dealt with first to avoid unnecessary resource dispersion. When the fault time difference is large but occurs in the same area, it means that the fault impact has a certain time interval. At this time, the control operation corresponding to a certain fault can be selected to be executed according to the specific situation. In the face of complex and ever-changing successive fault scenarios, more accurate control decisions can be made, avoiding the system state deterioration or resource waste that may be caused by blindly executing control operations.

[0046] As an alternative approach, when performing the first control operation on the synchronization machine cluster, the method further includes:

[0047] Obtain the first control results corresponding to successive failures after the first control operation is performed on the synchronous machine cluster;

[0048] If the first control result does not meet the expected conditions, a second control operation is performed on the synchronization machine cluster;

[0049] When performing a second control operation on a synchronization machine cluster, the method further includes:

[0050] Obtain the second control results corresponding to successive failures after the second control operation is performed on the synchronization machine cluster;

[0051] If the second control result does not meet the expected conditions, the first control operation is performed on the synchronization machine cluster.

[0052] Optionally, in this embodiment, the first control operation and the second control operation are emergency control measures designed to deal with the first fault and the second fault, including but not limited to disconnecting the generator, disconnecting the load, connecting the load, adjusting the PSS parameters, etc., which are intended to restore or maintain the stable operation of the power grid.

[0053] The first control result and the second control result are the observation results of the grid stability and system response after the execution of the first control operation or the second control operation. These include whether the system's frequency, voltage, power changes and other indicators have reached the predetermined safety threshold. The expected conditions indicate the power system stability state that is expected to be achieved after the control operation, including but not limited to the control targets of grid frequency and voltage, and the stability state of power transmission.

[0054] Optionally, in this embodiment, after determining the time difference between the first fault and the second fault, and whether the first synchronizer and the second synchronizer belong to the same distribution area, the control strategy is adjusted according to the specific circumstances of the fault.

[0055] If the first and second synchronizers are not located in the same distribution area, or the fault time difference is greater than zero, and the first control operation is executed first, control measures are taken for the first fault. The effect of the first control operation is observed, and changes in key indicators, including frequency and voltage, are recorded to form the first control result. If the first control result fails to achieve the expected stability conditions, it indicates that a single control operation may be insufficient to handle complex fault situations, and the system switches to executing the second control operation.

[0056] If the first and second synchronous machines are not located in the same distribution area, or the fault time difference is greater than zero, and the second control operation is executed first, control measures are taken for the second fault. The grid response after the second control operation is monitored, and changes in key indicators are recorded to form the second control result. If the second control result still does not achieve the expected stability conditions, the system returns to executing the first control operation, attempting to find the optimal solution by switching control strategies.

[0057] The embodiments provided in this application suggest that successive faults may be caused by a chain reaction of local faults in different areas, or by the existence of fault time differences, causing the system state to change over time. For such faults, directly executing multiple control operations simultaneously may not be suitable, and may even have the opposite effect. When the first control operation fails to achieve the expected stabilization effect, the system will immediately try the second control operation, and vice versa. This mechanism can quickly adjust the control strategy based on system feedback, avoiding the blindness and lag of control operations, and improving the response speed and control accuracy of the power system to successive faults.

[0058] As an optional approach, before simultaneously executing the first control operation corresponding to the first fault and the second control operation corresponding to the second fault on the synchronization machine cluster, the method further includes:

[0059] In a synchronization machine cluster, if the first synchronization machine sends a first fault and other synchronization machines do not send faults, obtain multiple candidate control operations corresponding to the first synchronization machine.

[0060] Each candidate control operation among multiple candidate control operations is executed on the synchronous machine cluster to obtain the third control effect corresponding to the first fault after the execution of each candidate control operation.

[0061] Among multiple candidate control operations, the candidate control operation with the best third control effect is determined as the first control operation.

[0062] Optionally, in this embodiment, the candidate control operation refers to a variety of possible emergency control measures preset by the system for the first fault, including tripping the generator, shedding the load, and adjusting PSS parameters. The third control effect is the degree to which the power system restores or maintains a stable state after executing the candidate control operation, which can be measured by indicators such as system frequency, voltage, and power transmission.

[0063] Optionally, in this embodiment, the detection that the first synchronizer has sent a first fault signal, while the other synchronizers in the cluster have not yet sent fault signals, marks the beginning of a successive fault sequence.

[0064] Next, based on the nature of the first fault and the information of the first synchronizer, the system extracts multiple candidate control operations for the first fault from the preset control strategy library.

[0065] To evaluate the effectiveness of candidate control operations, the system performs simulation tests on each candidate control operation executed by the synchronous machine cluster. By simulating the impact of each control operation on the system state, the system can predict the grid response after the first fault control, including changes in frequency, voltage, and power flow.

[0066] Based on simulation test results, the system quantitatively evaluates the third control effect after executing each candidate control operation, comparing the contributions of various candidate control operations to power grid stability. Ultimately, the candidate control operation with the optimal third control effect is selected as the first control operation for fault control in the actual system.

[0067] The embodiments provided in this application introduce a refined decision-making process in the emergency control strategy for handling successive failures. In particular, for the first failure, when the system detects that the first synchronizer sends a failure signal, but other synchronizers in the cluster have not yet reported failures, the system will not immediately execute the initially set control strategy, but will adopt a proactive evaluation and dynamic selection of the optimal control operation.

[0068] It should be noted that before simultaneously executing the first control operation corresponding to the first fault and the second control operation corresponding to the second fault on the synchronization machine cluster, the method also includes:

[0069] In a synchronization machine cluster, if the second synchronization machine sends a second fault and the other synchronization machines do not send faults, obtain multiple alternative control operations corresponding to the second synchronization machine;

[0070] Each of the multiple alternative control operations is executed on the synchronous machine cluster to obtain the control effect corresponding to the second fault after each alternative control operation is executed;

[0071] The option with the best control effect among multiple alternative control operations is determined as the second control operation.

[0072] It should be noted that the simulation determination of the second control operation can refer to, but is not limited to, the simulation determination of the first control operation described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0073] As an optional approach, when the first synchronizer in the synchronizer cluster sends a first fault and the other synchronizers do not send faults, after obtaining multiple candidate control operations corresponding to the first synchronizer, the method further includes:

[0074] At least two candidate control operations from a plurality of candidate control operations are combined to obtain multiple sets of candidate control operation combinations, wherein a set of candidate control operation combinations includes at least two candidate control operations arranged in an ordered manner;

[0075] Each candidate control operation combination is executed on the synchronous machine cluster to obtain the fourth control effect corresponding to the first fault after the execution of each candidate control operation combination.

[0076] Among multiple candidate control operation combinations, the fourth candidate control operation combination with the best control effect is determined as the first control operation.

[0077] Optionally, in this embodiment, the candidate control operation combination is an operation sequence that combines at least two candidate control operations in a specific order, used to evaluate the impact of the composite control strategy on the system state.

[0078] Optionally, in this embodiment, the fourth control effect is the quantitative effect of the power system restoring to a stable state after executing the candidate control operation combination, which is evaluated by indicators such as system frequency, voltage, and power changes.

[0079] Optionally, in this embodiment, when the first synchronizer detects the first fault and sends a signal to the system, the system immediately initiates an emergency response procedure to retrieve multiple candidate control operations suitable for the first fault from a preset control strategy library.

[0080] Next, the system performs advanced combination of these candidate control operations to generate multiple sets of candidate control operation combinations. Each combination contains at least two candidate control operations arranged in an ordered manner, with the aim of exploring the impact of composite control strategies on system recovery performance.

[0081] The system employs a simulation platform to execute each of the aforementioned candidate control operation combinations on the synchronous machine cluster one by one, observing and recording the changes in the system state after each operation, quantifying these changes as the fourth control effect. By comparing the control effects of different combinations, the system can evaluate the effectiveness and applicability of various composite control strategies.

[0082] After a comprehensive analysis of the fourth control effect of each candidate control operation combination, the system selects the candidate control operation combination with the best effect and determines it as the first control operation to deal with the actual control of the first fault.

[0083] It should be noted that successive failures may originate from multiple factors, and the interaction and degree of influence between failures are also variable. Traditional control strategies often focus on single failure control, failing to fully consider the complex interactions between failures. This embodiment overcomes this deficiency by generating and evaluating multiple combinations of candidate control operations, enabling a more comprehensive and detailed analysis of the combined effects of various control strategies and ensuring the optimal implementation of control measures.

[0084] The control strategy combination selection mechanism based on effect evaluation provided in this application can not only effectively cope with successive faults in large-scale power grids, but also promote the rational allocation and utilization of resources, which has profound significance for improving the overall operating efficiency and security of the power system.

[0085] It should be noted that before simultaneously executing the first control operation corresponding to the first fault and the second control operation corresponding to the second fault on the synchronization machine cluster, the method also includes:

[0086] At least two alternative control operations from a plurality of alternative control operations are combined to obtain a plurality of alternative control operation combinations, wherein a combination of alternative control operations includes at least two alternative control operations arranged in an ordered manner.

[0087] Each of the multiple alternative control operation combinations is executed on the synchronous machine cluster to obtain the control effect corresponding to the second fault after the execution of each alternative control operation combination.

[0088] The combination of alternative control operations with the best control effect among multiple alternative control operation combinations is determined as the second control operation.

[0089] It should be noted that the simulation determination of the second control operation can refer to, but is not limited to, the simulation determination of the first control operation described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0090] As an optional approach, before determining whether the first synchronizer and the second synchronizer belong to the same distribution area of ​​the synchronizer cluster based on the first distribution location of the first synchronizer corresponding to the first fault in the synchronizer cluster and the second distribution location of the second synchronizer corresponding to the second fault in the synchronizer cluster, the method further includes:

[0091] The dominant section corresponding to the synchronous machine cluster is determined based on the electrical distance between the synchronous machines in the cluster.

[0092] Based on the dominant cross section, the synchronizing machine cluster is divided into two distribution areas, with each synchronizing machine located in one of the two distribution areas.

[0093] Optionally, in this embodiment, electrical distance is a quantitative indicator that measures the degree of electrical connection between two synchronous machines or electrical devices in a power system, and is usually calculated based on electrical parameters such as impedance and admittance.

[0094] Optionally, in this embodiment, the dominant section is the boundary in the power system used to distinguish different electrical distribution areas within a synchronous machine cluster. The selection of the dominant section is based on the electrical distance between synchronous machines and the network structure of the power grid, aiming to optimize fault control strategies.

[0095] Optionally, in this embodiment, the analysis is performed based on the electrical distance between each synchronizer in the synchronizer cluster. This is the basis for determining the electrical distribution location of each synchronizer and a prerequisite for subsequent section division and area division.

[0096] Based on the results of electrical distance analysis, the system uses optimization algorithms (such as minimum spanning tree algorithm, K-means clustering algorithm, etc.) to determine the dominant section of the synchronous machine cluster. This section is the key to dividing the synchronous machine cluster into two different electrical distribution areas.

[0097] Based on the dominant cross-section, the system divides the synchronous machine cluster into two distribution areas. This partitioning process takes into account the electrical distribution location of the synchronous machines and the strength of their electrical connections, aiming to provide more accurate electrical geographic information for subsequent successive fault control strategies.

[0098] For the first and second synchronous machines that fail sequentially, the system determines which distribution area they belong to based on their electrical location within the cluster. This step is crucial for determining the subsequent control strategy, as the implementation of the control strategy must take into account the electrical distribution of the synchronous machines.

[0099] The embodiments provided in this application introduce an electrical geographic partitioning mechanism for the synchronous machine cluster before handling emergency control strategies for successive failures. By analyzing electrical distances and determining the dominant cross-section, the cluster is divided into two distribution areas, providing key electrical geographic information for optimizing the fault control strategy.

[0100] In power systems, the electrical geographic distribution of synchronous machine clusters directly impacts the scope of fault impact and the effectiveness of control strategies. This embodiment enables the precise partitioning of the synchronous machine cluster into two electrical distribution areas based on the electrical distance and network connectivity between the synchronous machines before a fault occurs. This electrical geographic partitioning not only facilitates accurate fault location but also provides more precise electrical geographic information for subsequent control strategy development, ensuring the targeted nature and effectiveness of control measures.

[0101] For example, in successive fault control, the system can quickly determine whether the first and second synchronous machines belong to the same area based on their electrical distribution, and then decide whether the first and second control operations can be executed simultaneously, or whether one control operation should be selected for priority. This design not only improves the execution efficiency of the control strategy but also ensures the rational allocation of resources, avoids conflicts between control operations in different distribution areas, and thus effectively enhances the power system's ability to cope with successive faults, ensuring the stable operation of the power grid.

[0102] As an optional approach, after simultaneously executing the first control operation corresponding to the first fault and the second control operation corresponding to the second fault on the synchronization machine cluster, the method further includes:

[0103] Obtain the fifth control effect corresponding to the successive faults after the execution of the first and second control operations;

[0104] If the fifth control effect does not meet the expected conditions, the first and second control operations are updated.

[0105] Optionally, in this embodiment, after detecting a successive fault consisting of a first fault and a second fault, and confirming that the two faults occur almost simultaneously in the same distribution area, the system immediately performs the first control operation and the second control operation on the synchronization machine cluster simultaneously.

[0106] After the control operation is completed, the system collects and analyzes the system response data to form a quantitative index of the fifth control effect, in order to evaluate the degree of improvement of the control operation on the system stability and performance.

[0107] The system compares the effect of the fifth control with the expected stability conditions and checks whether all key indicators have reached or exceeded the predetermined safety thresholds.

[0108] If the fifth control effect fails to meet the expected conditions, meaning the system state cannot be fully restored, it indicates that the current control strategy is ineffective. In this case, the system will automatically activate the control operation update mechanism to re-evaluate the combined effect of the first and second control operations, and adjust control parameters or replace the control strategy if necessary to achieve better control results.

[0109] Through the embodiments provided in this application, the nature and impact of successive faults may exceed the expectations of the pre-set control scheme. By introducing a feedback mechanism for control effectiveness, the system can quickly adjust the control strategy when poor control effectiveness is detected, avoiding the rigidity of system response that may be caused by fixed control logic, and improving the system's adaptability and resilient recovery capability to faults. This dynamic update mechanism is particularly suitable for scenarios with diverse fault modes and complex system states, and can effectively cope with the uncertainties and challenges to grid stability caused by the future high penetration rate of renewable energy access.

[0110] As an alternative approach, the aforementioned sequential fault control methods are applied to the scenario of estimating emergency control strategies for sequential faults. In this scenario, with the commissioning of ultra-high-voltage AC / DC transmission projects, the power grid is expanding rapidly, and inter-regional electrical connections are strengthening. While improving grid transmission capacity and the spatiotemporal distribution of energy, this also presents new challenges to the safe and stable control of the power grid. Sequential faults are a major cause of large-scale blackouts. In recent years, the widespread application of waveform recording equipment has led to the recognition that the rapid collapse in the later stages of large-scale blackouts is related to the transient stability of the power system. The transient stability problem of sequential faults has received attention from the engineering and academic communities. Therefore, research on the transient stability problem of sequential faults is of great significance for improving the safe and stable operation level of the power system and enhancing its operational reliability.

[0111] Traditional studies of successive faults primarily focus on static security analysis, emphasizing power flow calculations and fault probability analysis after the first fault. Transient stability analysis of successive faults is often treated merely as a constraint in fault chain search. Due to limitations in models, integration techniques, and stability analysis tools, the most common approach in the past was to ignore the transient processes of successive faults and analyze them as simultaneous or sequential faults. However, with the increasing penetration and intelligence of power grids, the proliferation of power electronic devices and complex controllers has led to a reduction in the time scale of successive fault time differences. Traditional methods may no longer be suitable for successive fault problems with small time differences; furthermore, the randomness of fault time differences increases the difficulty of the problem.

[0112] To overcome the above-mentioned defects, this embodiment proposes a control strategy for defending against successive faults based on the physical mechanism of disturbance caused by successive faults, the individual fault control strategy that constitutes the successive faults, the electrical location of the individual faults that constitute the successive faults, and the time difference of the successive faults.

[0113] For example, a flowchart illustrating a method for controlling and handling successive faults is shown below. Figure 3 As shown, it specifically includes:

[0114] S302, Based on the geographical distribution of each synchronizing machine in the research system, the dominant cross section is determined and the clustering is achieved;

[0115] S304, Simulation to obtain the control strategies required for faults in the output bus of each synchronous machine in the research system;

[0116] S306, determine the control strategy required for successive faults based on the composition and time difference estimation of successive faults.

[0117] Specifically, in this embodiment, the dominant cross-section is determined based on the geographical distribution of each synchronizer in the research system, and grouping is achieved (the grouping process considers not only geographical location and electrical distance, but also network topology and load distribution). Specifically, for each synchronizer i in the research system, the electrical distance between each pair of synchronizers is obtained, and based on this electrical distance, units with similar electrical distances are grouped together. Overall, the synchronizers in the research system are divided into two groups using the dominant cross-section of the research system as the dividing line.

[0118] Set up faults on the output buses of each synchronizer in the research system and simulate the control strategies required to defend against the faults.

[0119] The control strategies required to defend against successive faults are estimated based on the composition and time difference of the successive faults. Specifically, let the successive faults consist of faults a and b (both faults are synchronous machine output bus faults). Fault a corresponds to a fault on the output bus of synchronous machine i, and fault b corresponds to a fault on the output bus of synchronous machine j. The control strategy corresponding to fault a occurring alone is A, and the control strategy corresponding to fault b occurring alone is B. Control strategies A and B include machine tripping, load shedding / switching, and may also include using PSS or other control equipment. These strategies are developed based on iterative simulations of individual faults. That is, the scenario of no control for a single fault is simulated, and the scenario of progressively superimposed control is simulated. The effect of superimposed control is compared to obtain the final control strategy. Their implementation depends on specific system states or operating conditions.

[0120] For a successive fault consisting of a and b, if the fault time difference is 0 (i.e., the two faults occur simultaneously), and i and j belong to the same group, then the control strategies for defending against this successive fault are A and B. That is, implementing strategies A and B simultaneously avoids the need to "coordinate different control steps," as they are simultaneous in time and superimposed in operation.

[0121] For a successive fault consisting of a and b, if the fault time difference is 0 (i.e., the two faults occur simultaneously) and i and j are in different groups, then the control strategy to defend against this successive fault is either A or B. It is understandable that the control strategy can initially be either A or B, depending on which strategy best matches the successive fault, but the control quantity will not exceed A or B.

[0122] For a successive fault consisting of a and b, if the fault time difference is from the time of occurrence of the previous fault (a or b) to the time of minimum angular acceleration (i.e., the time when the next fault occurs), and i and j are in the same group, then the control strategy to defend against the successive fault is A or B.

[0123] It should be noted that for a specific fault, the minimum moment of angular acceleration can be obtained through offline simulation calculation. This is because angular acceleration is a nonlinear process and cannot be calculated using a linear formula; therefore, it is based on simulation calculation. Assuming the fault occurs at time 0 and the minimum moment of angular acceleration is t, then the fault time difference is t.

[0124] It is understood that this embodiment presents a control strategy for defending against successive faults derived from the control strategy under a single fault constituting successive faults, which eliminates the need for simulation analysis of successive faults and improves analysis efficiency.

[0125] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods according to the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Of course, they can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) and includes several instructions to cause a terminal device (which may be a mobile phone, computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods of the various embodiments of this application.

[0126] This embodiment also provides a control device for successive failures, which is used to implement the above embodiments and preferred embodiments; details already described will not be repeated. As used below, the term "module" can be a combination of software and / or hardware that implements a predetermined function. Although the device described in the following embodiments is preferably implemented in software, hardware implementation, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and contemplated.

[0127] Figure 4 This is a structural block diagram of a control device for successive failures according to an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the device includes:

[0128] The first determining unit 402 is used to determine whether the first synchronizer and the second synchronizer belong to the same distribution area of ​​the synchronizer cluster based on the first distribution position of the first synchronizer corresponding to the first fault in the synchronizer cluster and the second distribution position of the second synchronizer corresponding to the second fault in the synchronizer cluster when a successive fault consisting of a first fault and a second fault is detected. The first fault is used to indicate a fault on the output bus of the first synchronizer and the second fault is used to indicate a fault on the output bus of the second synchronizer.

[0129] The second determining unit 404 is used to determine the fault time difference between the first fault and the second fault based on the first transmission time of the first fault and the second transmission time of the second fault.

[0130] The control unit 406 is used to simultaneously execute a first control operation corresponding to the first fault and a second control operation corresponding to the second fault on the synchronization machine cluster when the first synchronization machine and the second synchronization machine belong to the same distribution area and the fault time difference is zero.

[0131] As an optional solution, the device also includes:

[0132] The execution module is configured to, after determining the fault time difference between the first fault and the second fault based on the first transmission time of the first fault and the second transmission time of the second fault, perform one of the following operations if the first synchronizer and the second synchronizer belong to different distribution areas or the fault time difference is greater than zero:

[0133] Perform the first control operation on the synchronization machine cluster;

[0134] Perform a second control operation on the synchronization machine cluster.

[0135] As an optional solution, the device also includes:

[0136] The first acquisition module is used to acquire the first control result corresponding to the successive faults after the first control operation is performed on the synchronous machine cluster when the first control operation is performed on the synchronous machine cluster.

[0137] The first control module is used to perform a second control operation on the synchronous machine cluster when the first control operation is performed on the synchronous machine cluster and the first control result does not meet the expected conditions.

[0138] The device also includes:

[0139] The second acquisition module is used to acquire the second control results corresponding to successive failures after the second control operation is performed on the synchronous machine cluster when the second control operation is performed on the synchronous machine cluster.

[0140] The second control module is used to perform a first control operation on the synchronous machine cluster when the second control operation is performed on the synchronous machine cluster and the second control result does not meet the expected conditions.

[0141] As an optional solution, the device also includes:

[0142] The third acquisition module is used to acquire multiple candidate control operations corresponding to the first synchronizer before simultaneously executing the first control operation corresponding to the first fault and the second control operation corresponding to the second fault on the synchronizer cluster. In the case where the first synchronizer sends the first fault and other synchronizers do not send the fault, the first synchronizer sends the first fault.

[0143] The third control module is used to execute each of the multiple candidate control operations on the synchronous machine cluster before simultaneously executing the first control operation corresponding to the first fault and the second control operation corresponding to the second fault on the synchronous machine cluster, so as to obtain the third control effect corresponding to the first fault after each candidate control operation is executed.

[0144] The first determining module is used to determine the candidate control operation with the best third control effect among multiple candidate control operations as the first control operation before simultaneously executing the first control operation corresponding to the first fault and the second control operation corresponding to the second fault on the synchronization machine cluster.

[0145] As an optional solution, the device also includes:

[0146] The combination module is used to, when the first synchronizer in the synchronizer cluster sends a first fault and the other synchronizers do not send faults, obtain multiple candidate control operations corresponding to the first synchronizer, and then combine at least two candidate control operations from the multiple candidate control operations to obtain multiple sets of candidate control operation combinations, wherein a set of candidate control operation combinations includes at least two candidate control operations arranged in an ordered manner.

[0147] The fourth control module is used to obtain multiple candidate control operations corresponding to the first synchronizer in the synchronizer cluster when the first synchronizer sends a first fault and other synchronizers do not send faults. Then, it executes each of the multiple candidate control operation combinations on the synchronizer cluster to obtain the fourth control effect corresponding to the first fault after each candidate control operation combination is executed.

[0148] The second determining module is used to determine the first control operation when, in the case where the first synchronizer in the synchronizer cluster sends a first fault and other synchronizers do not send faults, after obtaining multiple candidate control operations corresponding to the first synchronizer, the fourth candidate control operation combination with the best control effect among the multiple combinations of candidate control operations.

[0149] As an optional solution, the device also includes:

[0150] The third determining module is used to determine the dominant section corresponding to the synchronous machine cluster based on the electrical distance between each synchronous machine in the synchronous machine cluster before determining whether the first synchronous machine and the second synchronous machine belong to the same distribution area of ​​the synchronous machine cluster based on the first distribution position of the first synchronous machine corresponding to the first fault in the synchronous machine cluster and the second distribution position of the second synchronous machine corresponding to the second fault in the synchronous machine cluster.

[0151] The partitioning module is used to divide the synchronization machine cluster into two distribution areas according to the dominant section before determining whether the first synchronizer and the second synchronizer belong to the same distribution area of ​​the synchronization machine cluster based on the first distribution position of the first synchronizer corresponding to the first fault in the synchronization machine cluster and the second distribution position of the second synchronizer corresponding to the second fault in the synchronization machine cluster. Each synchronizer is distributed in one of the two distribution areas.

[0152] As an optional solution, the device also includes:

[0153] The fourth acquisition module is used to acquire the fifth control effect corresponding to the successive faults after the execution of the first control operation and the second control operation corresponding to the second fault on the synchronous machine cluster.

[0154] The update module is used to update the first and second control operations after simultaneously executing the first control operation corresponding to the first fault and the second control operation corresponding to the second fault on the synchronization machine cluster, if the fifth control effect does not meet the expected conditions.

[0155] Specific examples in this embodiment can be found in the examples described in the above embodiments and exemplary implementations, and will not be repeated here.

[0156] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods according to the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Of course, they can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) and includes several instructions to cause a terminal device (which may be a mobile phone, computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods of the various embodiments of this application.

[0157] It should be noted that the above modules can be implemented by software or hardware. For the latter, they can be implemented in the following ways, but are not limited to: all the above modules are located in the same processor; or, the above modules are located in different processors in any combination.

[0158] Embodiments of this application also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program is configured to execute the steps in any of the above method embodiments when run.

[0159] In one exemplary embodiment, the aforementioned computer-readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to, various media capable of storing computer programs, such as a USB flash drive, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), portable hard disk, magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0160] Embodiments of this application also provide an electronic device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program and the processor is configured to run the computer program to perform the steps in any of the above method embodiments.

[0161] In one exemplary embodiment, the electronic device may further include a transmission device and an input / output device, wherein the transmission device is connected to the processor and the input / output device is connected to the processor.

[0162] Embodiments of this application also provide a computer program product, including a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium storing the computer program product, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the methods in various embodiments of this application.

[0163] Specific examples in this embodiment can be found in the examples described in the above embodiments and exemplary implementations, and will not be repeated here.

[0164] Obviously, those skilled in the art should understand that the modules or steps of this application described above can be implemented using general-purpose computing devices. They can be centralized on a single computing device or distributed across a network of multiple computing devices. They can be implemented using computer-executable program code, and thus can be stored in a storage device for execution by a computing device. In some cases, the steps shown or described can be performed in a different order than those presented here, or they can be fabricated as separate integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps can be fabricated as a single integrated circuit module. Thus, this application is not limited to any particular combination of hardware and software.

[0165] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for controlling successive faults, characterized in that, include: In the event of a successive fault consisting of a first fault and a second fault, based on the first distribution position of the first synchronizer corresponding to the first fault in the synchronizer cluster and the second distribution position of the second synchronizer corresponding to the second fault in the synchronizer cluster, it is determined whether the first synchronizer and the second synchronizer belong to the same distribution area of ​​the synchronizer cluster, wherein the first fault is used to indicate a fault in the output bus of the first synchronizer and the second fault is used to indicate a fault in the output bus of the second synchronizer. Based on the first transmission time of the first fault and the second transmission time of the second fault, determine the fault time difference between the first fault and the second fault; When the first synchronizer and the second synchronizer belong to the same distribution area and the fault time difference is zero, the first control operation corresponding to the first fault and the second control operation corresponding to the second fault are executed simultaneously on the synchronizer cluster.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After determining the fault time difference between the first fault and the second fault based on the first transmission time of the first fault and the second transmission time of the second fault, the method further includes: If the first synchronizer and the second synchronizer are located in different distribution areas, or if the fault time difference is greater than zero, perform one of the following operations: The first control operation is performed on the synchronizer cluster; The second control operation is performed on the synchronizer cluster.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the first control operation is performed on the synchronization machine cluster, the method further includes: After performing the first control operation on the synchronizer cluster, obtain the first control result corresponding to the successive faults; If the first control result does not meet the expected conditions, the second control operation is performed on the synchronization machine cluster; When performing the second control operation on the synchronization machine cluster, the method further includes: After performing the second control operation on the synchronization machine cluster, obtain the second control result corresponding to the successive faults; If the second control result does not meet the expected conditions, the first control operation is performed on the synchronization machine cluster.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before simultaneously executing the first control operation corresponding to the first fault and the second control operation corresponding to the second fault on the synchronization machine cluster, the method further includes: In the case where the first synchronizer in the synchronizer cluster sends the first fault and other synchronizers do not send faults, multiple candidate control operations corresponding to the first synchronizer are obtained. Each of the multiple candidate control operations is executed on the synchronization machine cluster to obtain the third control effect corresponding to the first fault after each candidate control operation is executed. Among the multiple candidate control operations, the candidate control operation with the best third control effect is determined as the first control operation.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, In the case where the first synchronizer in the synchronizer cluster sends the first fault and other synchronizers do not send faults, after obtaining multiple candidate control operations corresponding to the first synchronizer, the method further includes: At least two candidate control operations from the plurality of candidate control operations are combined to obtain multiple sets of candidate control operation combinations, wherein a set of candidate control operation combinations includes at least two candidate control operations arranged in an ordered manner. Each of the multiple candidate control operation combinations is executed on the synchronous machine cluster to obtain the fourth control effect corresponding to the first fault after the execution of each candidate control operation combination. Among the multiple candidate control operation combinations, the fourth candidate control operation combination with the best control effect is determined as the first control operation.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, Before determining whether the first synchronizer and the second synchronizer belong to the same distribution area of ​​the synchronizer cluster based on the first distribution location of the first synchronizer corresponding to the first fault in the synchronizer cluster and the second distribution location of the second synchronizer corresponding to the second fault in the synchronizer cluster, the method further includes: The dominant section corresponding to the synchronization machine cluster is determined based on the electrical distance between each synchronization machine in the synchronization machine cluster; According to the dominant cross section, the synchronizing machine cluster is divided into two distribution areas, wherein each synchronizing machine is distributed in one of the two distribution areas.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, After simultaneously executing the first control operation corresponding to the first fault and the second control operation corresponding to the second fault on the synchronization machine cluster, the method further includes: After the first control operation and the second control operation are executed, obtain the fifth control effect corresponding to the successive faults; If the fifth control effect does not meet the expected conditions, the first control operation and the second control operation are updated.

8. A control device for successive failures, characterized in that, include: The first determining unit is used to determine, when a successive fault consisting of a first fault and a second fault is detected, whether the first synchronizer and the second synchronizer belong to the same distribution area of ​​the synchronizer cluster based on the first distribution position of the first synchronizer corresponding to the first fault in the synchronizer cluster and the second distribution position of the second synchronizer corresponding to the second fault in the synchronizer cluster. The first fault is used to indicate a fault on the output bus of the first synchronizer and the second fault is used to indicate a fault on the output bus of the second synchronizer. The second determining unit is used to determine the fault time difference between the first fault and the second fault based on the first transmission time of the first fault and the second transmission time of the second fault. The control unit is used to simultaneously execute a first control operation corresponding to the first fault and a second control operation corresponding to the second fault on the synchronization machine cluster when the first synchronization machine and the second synchronization machine belong to the same distribution area and the fault time difference is zero.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

Images