Energy storage system load tracking control system in oil field scene

Abstract

The invention discloses an energy storage system load tracking control system in an oil field scene, and belongs to the technical field of oil field energy storage systems. The energy storage converter is connected with the diesel generator and the energy storage battery pack, and receives an analog quantity control signal of the energy management system power calculation module; the energy storage battery pack realizes rapid charging and discharging through the energy storage converter; the artificial intelligence sampling module collects real-time voltage and current data of a diesel generator and an oil field load through a voltage transformer and a current transformer, processes the collected data and sends the data to the energy management system power calculation module. An energy management system power calculation module calculates the power and the power change rate of an oil field load and a diesel generator according to the real-time data, generates an analog quantity control signal, and performs power distribution in combination with the state of charge of a battery; the oil field load includes key production equipment. The system can operate constantly, voltage and frequency fluctuation is prevented, and fuel consumption is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of oilfield energy storage system technology, and in particular to a load tracking and control system for an energy storage system in an oilfield setting. Background Technology

[0002] Oilfield production is a continuous, high-energy-consuming process with highly variable operating conditions, involving multiple stages such as drilling, well completion, oil production, water injection, and fracturing. Among these, loads such as high-pressure fracturing pumps, water injection pumps, pumping units, and oil and gas processing equipment exhibit significant power fluctuation characteristics. For example, during fracturing operations, pump startup can cause the load power to surge from tens of kilowatts to hundreds of kilowatts within hundreds of milliseconds, while shutdown or switching can cause a sharp drop in load power. This frequent and drastic load fluctuation places stringent demands on the voltage, frequency, and power quality of the power supply system. Oilfield sites typically use gas generator sets or diesel generator sets as the primary power source, with some remote areas operating in off-grid mode. Due to the inertia of the fuel combustion process and the response time limitations of mechanical rotating parts, internal combustion engine generator sets cannot complete power adjustment in milliseconds. They typically require 200-500ms or even longer to achieve stable output. This can cause voltage drops, frequency fluctuations, or power interruptions when the load changes abruptly. These problems can lead to oilfield equipment shutdowns, fracturing process obstruction, reduced production efficiency, or even equipment damage.

[0003] To compensate for insufficient generator response speed, energy storage systems (ESS) have been introduced into oilfield power supply systems in recent years, enabling bidirectional energy flow between the storage system and the AC bus via bidirectional power converters (PCS). Energy storage systems (typically lithium batteries) possess millisecond-level response capabilities, allowing for rapid discharge to compensate for power shortages during load surges and absorbing excess power to recharge during load decelerations, thereby improving system dynamic performance and power quality. However, energy storage systems have limited capacity and cannot independently handle high-power oilfield loads for extended periods. Furthermore, without a proper energy management strategy, the storage system may deplete its power quickly, losing its rapid response capability and leading to decreased power supply stability. Existing hybrid power systems in oilfield scenarios still commonly suffer from issues such as response delays, low fuel efficiency, rudimentary SOC scheduling, and insufficient system integration.

[0004] In oilfield power supply, a common hybrid approach is to connect a diesel generator and an energy storage system in parallel to the AC bus. When the load increases, the energy storage system instantaneously discharges to compensate for the power shortfall, and the generator then gradually increases its output power; when the load decreases, the energy storage system absorbs excess power and charges itself, and the generator gradually reduces its output power. While this approach can improve transient performance, its control strategies often employ fixed thresholds or simple logic, lacking adaptive control based on power change rate and SOC. Therefore, it still suffers from the following shortcomings in oilfield environments with fluctuating operating conditions: Limited response speed: Although the energy storage system can respond within tens of milliseconds, the control strategy and power allocation delays make it difficult to reduce the total response time to less than 20–50 ms, and voltage / frequency disturbances may still occur during extreme load fluctuations; Crude energy management: Most systems do not fully utilize historical load curves and generator efficiency curves for predictive scheduling, resulting in low energy storage utilization or generators operating in low-efficiency ranges for extended periods; Long switching delay: When a generator or energy storage system fails, backup power switching typically requires 100–500 ms, failing to meet the continuous power supply requirements of critical oilfield loads; Low integration: The control system, power conversion unit, energy storage battery, and switching switch are distributed, resulting in complex on-site wiring, long installation cycles, and high maintenance costs.

[0005] Therefore, although existing technologies have improved the dynamic performance of oilfield power supply systems to some extent, they still have significant shortcomings in terms of response speed, fuel efficiency, SOC management accuracy, seamless switching, and system integration, and cannot fully meet the high-fluctuation and high-reliability power needs of oilfields. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned shortcomings in existing technologies, this application provides a load tracking and control system for an energy storage system in an oilfield setting, which solves the problems of existing oilfield power supply systems in terms of dynamic response speed, fuel utilization rate, energy management accuracy, seamless power switching, system integration, and power quality.

[0007] To achieve the aforementioned objectives, the technical solution adopted in this application is as follows: This application provides a load tracking control system for an energy storage system in an oilfield scenario, including: a diesel generator, an energy storage converter, an energy storage battery pack, an artificial intelligence sampling module, an energy management system power calculation module, and an oilfield load; The output of the diesel generator is connected to the oilfield load and the operating parameters are transmitted to the artificial intelligence sampling module through voltage transformers and current transformers. The energy storage converter is connected to the diesel generator and the energy storage battery pack to realize bidirectional conversion of electrical energy, and receives analog control signals from the power calculation module of the energy management system to regulate the charging and discharging power of the energy storage system. The energy storage battery pack achieves rapid charging and discharging through an energy storage converter, providing power compensation or absorbing excess power when the load fluctuates. The artificial intelligence sampling module collects real-time voltage and current data of the diesel generator and oilfield load through voltage transformers and current transformers, and performs filtering, shaping and digital processing on the collected real-time voltage and current data, and sends the processed data to the power calculation module of the energy management system. The power calculation module of the energy management system calculates the oilfield load and the power and power change rate of the diesel generator based on the real-time data provided by the artificial intelligence sampling module, generates analog control signals based on the power change rate, and performs power allocation between the diesel generator and the energy storage system in combination with the battery charge state of the energy storage battery pack. The oilfield load includes key production equipment.

[0008] Furthermore, the energy storage battery pack achieves rapid charging and discharging through an energy storage converter, providing power compensation or absorbing excess power during load fluctuations, including: When the power of the oilfield load and diesel generator exceeds the preset threshold, the power calculation module of the energy management system controls the energy storage converter to immediately discharge to compensate for the power shortfall; when the power of the oilfield load and diesel generator is lower than the preset threshold, the power calculation module of the energy management system controls the energy storage converter to absorb the excess power and charge the energy storage battery pack to prevent the diesel generator from operating too frequently.

[0009] Furthermore, the power supply process of the diesel generator includes: When the state of charge of the energy storage battery pack is higher than the high threshold, the diesel generator automatically shuts down and enters the independent power supply mode of the energy storage system; when the state of charge of the energy storage battery pack is lower than the low threshold, the diesel generator automatically starts and works together with the energy storage system to supply power, while charging the energy storage battery pack.

[0010] Furthermore, a static switching switch is also included between the diesel generator, the oilfield load, and the energy storage converter; The static switch includes a first input terminal, a second input terminal, and an output terminal; The first input terminal is connected to the AC output terminal of the diesel generator; the second input terminal is connected to the AC output terminal of the energy storage converter; the output terminal is connected to the common bus of the oilfield load; the power calculation module of the energy management system is communicatively connected to the static switching switch.

[0011] Furthermore, the energy storage system load tracking and control system in the oilfield scenario also includes an emergency switching mode; When the diesel generator or energy storage system fails, the system quickly switches to an available power source to supply power to the oilfield load via a static switching switch.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this application are: This application provides a load tracking control system for an energy storage system in an oilfield setting. Through an artificial intelligence sampling module and an energy management system power calculation module, it calculates the power change rate and transmits analog control signals in real time. Combined with the rapid charging and discharging capability of the energy storage converter, it enables the energy storage system to compensate for or absorb sudden load increases or decreases within a very short time, maintaining constant diesel generator power and preventing voltage and frequency fluctuations. Furthermore, the energy management system power calculation module optimizes generator output, ensuring it operates in a high-efficiency range over the long term, avoiding low-load, high-speed operation, reducing fuel consumption, and incorporating peak-valley power compensation from the energy storage system to achieve economical operation. Attached Figure Description

[0013] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other embodiments can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the framework of a load tracking control system for an energy storage system in an oilfield scenario, provided as an embodiment of this application.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another framework for a load tracking control system for an energy storage system in an oilfield scenario, provided as an embodiment of this application.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the load tracking control logic of an energy storage system in an oilfield scenario, as provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an oilfield load response curve provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0018] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a load response comparison curve provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on this application are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0020] This application involves some technical terms, which are explained below: Oilfield load refers to the electrical load used in oilfield production, including but not limited to drilling rigs, fracturing pumps, water injection pumps, oil pumping units, and separation equipment. Its power fluctuates frequently and with large amplitude, especially during start-up, shutdown, or operation switching.

[0021] A diesel generator is an internal combustion engine generator set that uses diesel fuel to provide three-phase AC power for oilfield operations. It has high reliability and adaptability, but its response to load changes is relatively slow.

[0022] An energy storage system (ESS) consists of a battery pack (such as a lithium battery), a battery management system (BMS), and a temperature control system. It is used to quickly release or absorb electrical energy when the load changes, in order to compensate for insufficient generator output or absorb excess power.

[0023] A power conversion system (PCS) is a bidirectional power conversion device that enables bidirectional flow of electrical energy between the energy storage system and the AC bus. It supports rapid charging and discharging and can receive control commands from the EMS for power regulation.

[0024] The AI ​​Sampling Module collects real-time operating parameters of oilfield loads and generators through voltage transformers (PTs) and current transformers (CTs), and sends the processed data to the EMS for power calculation and load change analysis.

[0025] The Energy Management System (EMS) is a control and scheduling system that calculates the load power P_load, generator power P_gen, and power change rate ΔP / Δt based on sampled data, determines the charging and discharging strategy of the energy storage system, and performs adaptive control and predictive scheduling in conjunction with the State of Charge (SOC).

[0026] SOC (State of Charge) represents the percentage of a battery's remaining capacity relative to its rated capacity. It reflects the available energy level of an energy storage system and is an important control parameter for energy storage start-up, shutdown, and power distribution.

[0027] The power change rate (ΔP / Δt) is the change in load power per unit time. It is used to determine the degree of sudden increase or decrease in load. When it exceeds a set threshold, a fast response mode is triggered.

[0028] In Fast Response Mode, when the load power change rate is detected to exceed the limit, the energy storage system completes the charging and discharging adjustment within <10 ms to ensure generator power stability and maintain power quality.

[0029] 4–20mA analog signal control, an industry standard analog signal interface, is used by the EMS to send charging and discharging power commands to the PCS to achieve stable power regulation control.

[0030] Example 1: This application provides a load tracking control system for an energy storage system in an oilfield setting. This system can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 1 and Figure 2 It includes: diesel generator, energy storage converter, energy storage battery pack, artificial intelligence sampling module, energy management system power calculation module and oilfield load.

[0031] Diesel generators, as the basic power source for oilfield power supply, provide three-phase AC power. Their output side is connected to the oilfield load, and the operating parameters are transmitted to the artificial intelligence sampling module through voltage transformers (PT) and current transformers (CT).

[0032] The energy storage converter is connected to the diesel generator and the energy storage battery pack to realize bidirectional conversion of electrical energy, and receives 4–20 mA analog control signals from the power calculation module of the energy management system to achieve precise adjustment of the charging and discharging power of the energy storage system.

[0033] The energy storage battery pack uses high-rate lithium batteries, with capacity and power configured according to the oilfield load characteristics. It achieves rapid charging and discharging through PCS, providing power compensation or absorbing excess power when the load fluctuates.

[0034] The artificial intelligence sampling module collects real-time voltage and current data of the generator and load through PT and CT, and performs filtering, shaping and digital processing on the collected signals before sending the processed data to the power calculation module of the energy management system.

[0035] The power calculation module of the energy management system calculates the load power (P_load), generator power (P_gen), and power change rate (ΔP / Δt) based on real-time data provided by the artificial intelligence sampling module. When the power change rate exceeds a set threshold, a fast compensation control command is generated. Adaptive scheduling is performed in conjunction with SOC (State of Charge) to optimize the power allocation between the generator and the energy storage system.

[0036] Oilfield loads include production equipment such as fracturing pumps, water injection pumps, oil pumping units, and separators, with frequent power changes and large fluctuations.

[0037] In one embodiment of this application, the system operates as follows: a diesel generator and an energy storage system simultaneously supply power to the oilfield load. The generator operates within a high-efficiency range, while the energy storage system handles transient power fluctuations. When a sudden increase in load is detected (ΔP > preset threshold), the power calculation module of the energy management system controls the PCS to immediately discharge to compensate for the power shortfall, with a response time of less than 10ms. When a sudden decrease in load is detected (ΔP < 0.05), the system operates as follows: When the SOC (State of Charge) exceeds a preset threshold, the power calculation module of the energy management system controls the PCS (Power Control System) to absorb excess power and charge the battery, preventing the generator from operating too frequently. When the SOC exceeds a high threshold (e.g., 60%), the generator automatically shuts down and enters an independent energy storage power supply mode for silent operation. When the SOC falls below a low threshold (e.g., 40%), the generator automatically starts and works in conjunction with the energy storage system to supply power while simultaneously charging the battery. In the event of a generator or energy storage system failure, an emergency switching mode is activated. The system switches to an available power source within <20 ms via a static transfer switch (STS) to ensure continuous power supply to the oilfield load.

[0038] The static transfer switch (STS) is located between the generator output side, the AC output side of the energy storage converter, and the common bus of the oilfield load. It is used to achieve high-speed seamless switching between different power sources. The STS has at least two input terminals and one output terminal, wherein: the first input terminal is connected to the AC output terminal of the diesel generator; the second input terminal is connected to the AC output terminal of the energy storage converter (PCS); and the output terminal is connected to the common bus of the oilfield load. The STS is communicatively connected to the energy management system (EMS) or control computing unit. When an abnormal state is detected on either side of the diesel generator or the energy storage system, the oilfield load is switched to the available power source side within 20 ms to ensure continuous power supply to the oilfield load.

[0039] Normal state: The STS is connected to the diesel generator side, and the energy storage system supplies power in parallel with the generator. The energy storage is used for transient power compensation. Fault or abnormal state: When the diesel generator experiences abnormalities such as undervoltage, overvoltage, underfrequency, overfrequency, shutdown, or loss of synchronization, the EMS sends a switching command to the STS. The STS switches to the energy storage converter side within ≤20 ms, and the energy storage system independently supplies power to the oilfield load. Recovery state: When the diesel generator operating parameters return to the normal range and the synchronization conditions are met, the EMS controls the STS to switch the load from the energy storage system back to the diesel generator side.

[0040] Example 2: This application provides a load tracking control method for an energy storage system in an oilfield scenario, the control logic of which is as follows: Figure 3As shown, the system includes: an artificial intelligence sampling module that collects real-time voltage and current data of the diesel generator and oilfield load through voltage and current transformers, filters, shapes, and digitizes the collected real-time voltage and current data, and sends the processed data to the power calculation module of the energy management system; the energy management system calculates the oilfield load power (P_load), generator power (P_gen), and power change rate (ΔP / Δt), and compares them with thresholds; it triggers a fast response mode or maintains the current state based on the comparison structure, and performs generator start-stop control based on SOC; the EMS outputs a 4–20 mA control signal to the PCS to realize the adjustment of energy storage charging and discharging power; the system monitors the operating status and protection parameters (overvoltage, undervoltage, overcurrent, overtemperature, etc.) of each module in real time.

[0041] The power-to-threshold comparison process includes: when the load suddenly increases (ΔP > threshold), the control unit determines that the load power is rising rapidly and immediately instructs the energy storage system to discharge, compensating for the power gap during the generator response delay, thus ensuring a smooth rise in the output power curve; when the load suddenly decreases (ΔP < - threshold), the control unit detects that the load power is falling rapidly and immediately instructs the energy storage system to absorb excess power and charge, preventing the generator from over-frequencying due to the sudden load drop. Throughout the process, the generator maintains a constant power output (e.g., ...). Figure 4 The dashed line in the middle indicates the P level), and the energy storage system is responsible for regulating the peak-valley power difference.

[0042] like Figure 5As shown, during periods of sudden increases in oilfield load, traditional diesel generator sets typically have a response time of 200–500 ms due to mechanical inertia and fuel combustion delays, easily leading to instantaneous voltage drops and frequency shifts. In contrast, the energy storage system in this invention can complete discharge compensation within <10 ms, maintaining a stable output curve (Output of Diesel Generator Set) and controlling voltage fluctuations within ±2%. During periods of sudden load reduction, traditional systems may experience generator over-frequency operation and instantaneous increases in bus voltage. In this embodiment, the energy storage system absorbs excess power within milliseconds (the Output of Energy Storage System curve shows positive power absorption during this phase), achieving stable generator operation and maintaining grid power quality. From the perspective of the entire load cycle, the control method of this application effectively fixes the generator operating point within the high-efficiency range, reducing fuel waste from low-load, high-speed operation and decreasing the frequency of generator start-stop cycles, thus extending mechanical life. Simultaneously, through an adaptive SOC management strategy, the energy storage system's charging and discharging meet power compensation requirements while avoiding overcharging and over-discharging, improving energy storage life and reliability. Verified through actual oilfield testing, the proposed solution demonstrates that under highly fluctuating loads such as fracturing pump start-up, water injection pump switching, and pumping unit group start-up and shutdown, the system's dynamic response time does not exceed 10ms, the total harmonic distortion (THD) does not exceed 1.6%, and fuel efficiency is improved by more than 10%, significantly outperforming existing hybrid power supply systems combining diesel generators and energy storage. This demonstrates that the energy storage system load tracking control method in oilfield scenarios can maintain constant power operation of the diesel generator set during rapid fluctuations in oilfield load power, with the energy storage system absorbing the peak-valley power difference, achieving millisecond-level dynamic response.

[0043] This application utilizes an artificial intelligence sampling module and an energy management system power calculation module to calculate the power change rate and transmit analog control signals in real time. Combined with the rapid charging and discharging capabilities of the energy storage converter, it enables the energy storage system to compensate for or absorb power surges or decreases in load within a very short time, maintaining constant diesel generator power and preventing voltage and frequency fluctuations. Furthermore, the energy management system power calculation module optimizes generator output, ensuring it operates in a high-efficiency range over extended periods, avoiding low-load, high-speed operation, reducing fuel consumption, and incorporating peak-valley power compensation from the energy storage system to achieve economical operation.

[0044] It should be noted that those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments described herein are for the purpose of helping readers understand the principles of this application, and should be understood as not limiting the scope of protection of this application to such specific statements and embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make various other specific modifications and combinations based on the technical teachings disclosed in this application without departing from the essence of this application, and these modifications and combinations are still within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A load tracking control system for an energy storage system in an oilfield setting, characterized in that, include: Diesel generators, energy storage converters, energy storage battery packs, artificial intelligence sampling modules, power calculation modules for energy management systems, and oilfield loads; The output of the diesel generator is connected to the oilfield load and the operating parameters are transmitted to the artificial intelligence sampling module through voltage transformers and current transformers. The energy storage converter is connected to the diesel generator and the energy storage battery pack to realize bidirectional conversion of electrical energy, and receives analog control signals from the power calculation module of the energy management system to regulate the charging and discharging power of the energy storage system. The energy storage battery pack achieves rapid charging and discharging through an energy storage converter, providing power compensation or absorbing excess power when the load fluctuates. The artificial intelligence sampling module collects real-time voltage and current data of the diesel generator and oilfield load through voltage transformers and current transformers, and performs filtering, shaping and digital processing on the collected real-time voltage and current data, and sends the processed data to the power calculation module of the energy management system. The power calculation module of the energy management system calculates the oilfield load and the power and power change rate of the diesel generator based on the real-time data provided by the artificial intelligence sampling module, generates analog control signals based on the power change rate, and performs power allocation between the diesel generator and the energy storage system in combination with the battery charge state of the energy storage battery pack. The oilfield load includes key production equipment.

2. The load tracking control system for an energy storage system in an oilfield scenario according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy storage battery pack achieves rapid charging and discharging through an energy storage converter, providing power compensation or absorbing excess power during load fluctuations, including: When the power of the oilfield load and diesel generator exceeds the preset threshold, the power calculation module of the energy management system controls the energy storage converter to immediately discharge to compensate for the power shortfall; when the power of the oilfield load and diesel generator is lower than the preset threshold, the power calculation module of the energy management system controls the energy storage converter to absorb the excess power and charge the energy storage battery pack to prevent the diesel generator from operating too frequently.

3. The load tracking control system for an energy storage system in an oilfield scenario according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply process of the diesel generator includes: When the state of charge of the energy storage battery pack is higher than the high threshold, the diesel generator automatically shuts down and enters the independent power supply mode of the energy storage system; when the state of charge of the energy storage battery pack is lower than the low threshold, the diesel generator automatically starts and works together with the energy storage system to supply power, while charging the energy storage battery pack.

4. The load tracking control system for an energy storage system in an oilfield scenario according to claim 1, characterized in that, A static switching switch is also included between the diesel generator, the oilfield load, and the energy storage converter; The static switch includes a first input terminal, a second input terminal, and an output terminal; The first input terminal is connected to the AC output terminal of the diesel generator; the second input terminal is connected to the AC output terminal of the energy storage converter; the output terminal is connected to the common bus of the oilfield load; the power calculation module of the energy management system is communicatively connected to the static switching switch.

5. The load tracking control system for an energy storage system in an oilfield scenario according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes an emergency switching mode; When the diesel generator or energy storage system fails, the system quickly switches to an available power source to supply power to the oilfield load via a static switching switch.

Images