Multifunctional interface and power management system of C-band satellite communication terminal

Abstract

The invention discloses a multifunctional interface and power management system of a C-band satellite communication terminal, relates to the technical field of satellite communication, is applied to an integrated satellite communication terminal integrated with an active antenna, and comprises an intelligent interface management module comprising at least one power supply / data composite interface and a state monitoring unit which are integrated into a whole; and a self-adaptive multi-mode power management module. According to the invention, interface intelligent dynamic reconstruction is realized by introducing the programmable switch matrix, so that the adaptation flexibility of the terminal to external equipment is remarkably improved, and the terminal can be compatible with various scenes such as power supply, data communication and field test without adding a physical interface; the core control unit dynamically adjusts the output voltage, the current-limiting threshold value and the enabling state of the multiple independent voltage-stabilizing branches in a real-time and refined mode based on state monitoring, environment sensing and service prediction information, and deep cooperation of power management, the terminal working mode, the environment temperature and the load requirement is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of satellite communication technology, specifically to a multi-functional interface and power management system for a C-band satellite communication terminal. Background Technology

[0002] C-band satellite communication plays a vital role in emergency communication, long-distance data transmission, and field fixed-station communication due to its strong resistance to rain attenuation and wide range of applications. Modern C-band terminals are evolving towards high integration, miniaturization, and high reliability, typically employing an integrated active antenna design that tightly integrates the RF front-end, antenna array, and baseband processing unit. In these compact terminals, the level of intelligence of the interface, the efficiency and reliability of power management, and electromagnetic compatibility directly affect the overall performance, deployment convenience, and long-term operational stability of the terminal.

[0003] In existing technologies, the interface design of such satellite communication terminals typically employs independent interfaces with fixed functions. For example, the power supply interface, data communication interface, and RF test interface are separate, with fixed connector types and pin definitions, making dynamic reconfiguration impossible based on peripheral requirements. Their power management systems often use traditional multi-channel independent DC-DC converter schemes, primarily providing stable voltages to each functional unit. The management strategy is relatively crude and typically lacks the ability to deeply coordinate with the terminal's real-time operating status, ambient temperature, and external connected devices. Furthermore, the inherent switching frequency harmonics of the switching power supply may cause electromagnetic interference to the terminal's sensitive RF receiving channel. Conventional solutions mainly rely on pre-designed filter optimization and shielding, which remain fixed after the terminal leaves the factory, lacking dynamic suppression methods for complex and variable operating scenarios.

[0004] The aforementioned existing technical solutions have significant drawbacks. First, fixed-function interfaces limit the terminal's flexibility in adapting to external devices, making it impossible to expand advanced functions such as field testing and external active antenna power supply without adding physical interfaces, resulting in insufficient convenience in deployment and maintenance. Second, static power management strategies cannot achieve fine-grained energy consumption control, making it difficult to cope with sudden service loads or utilize service intervals for energy-saving optimization. They also lack the ability to adaptively protect and maintain critical functions under extreme environments (such as unstable power supply or high temperatures). Most importantly, the traditional "separate" design of the power supply and RF front-end necessitates high filtering costs and complex debugging to suppress the electromagnetic interference risks of switching power supplies. Furthermore, it cannot dynamically avoid changes in the terminal's operating frequency, potentially causing a decrease in receiver sensitivity at certain frequencies and affecting communication quality. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on this, the purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-functional interface and power management system for C-band satellite communication terminals, in order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, such as fixed interface functions, poor adaptability, static and crude power management strategies that cannot be deeply coordinated with the terminal's working state and environment, and the lack of dynamic suppression means for the interference of switching power supply harmonics on the radio frequency channel, which restrict the terminal's deployment flexibility, energy efficiency and communication reliability.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a multi-functional interface and power management system for a C-band satellite communication terminal, applied to an integrated satellite communication terminal with an active antenna. The system includes: an intelligent interface management module, comprising at least one integrated power supply / data composite interface and a status monitoring unit; and an adaptive multi-mode power management module electrically connected to the intelligent interface management module, comprising a core control unit, at least three independent voltage regulation branches, and an environmental sensing unit. The power supply / data composite interface uses a single-diameter waterproof connector, and its internal pins are configured functionally via a programmable switch matrix. The status monitoring unit is used to monitor the status of the power supply / data composite interface in real time. The environmental sensing unit is used to collect data... The system collects internal terminal data; the core control unit is connected to the status monitoring unit, the environmental sensing unit, and the enable terminals of each voltage regulation branch; the at least three independent voltage regulation branches supply power to the terminal's receiving frequency conversion unit, transmitting frequency conversion unit, and power amplifier unit, respectively; the system also includes a harmonic coordination management unit, which includes a radio frequency sampling and modulation circuit electrically connected to the switching node of the switching power supply in the adaptive multimode power management module; the core control unit is further configured to: analyze the specific communication frequency point currently operating at the terminal; and dynamically adjust the switching frequency or its harmonic components of the switching power supply according to the analyzed communication frequency point information, so that it forms a preset avoidance or suppression relationship with the terminal's current operating frequency point or key intermodulation interference frequency point.

[0007] The present invention is further configured such that the configuration options of the programmable switch matrix include switching some pins of the power supply / data composite interface to RF signal test ports; when the pin is configured as an RF test port, the core control unit controls the voltage regulation branch in the adaptive multimode power management module corresponding to the receiving frequency conversion unit or the transmitting frequency conversion unit to output a specific DC bias voltage to the pin for powering an external test probe or active load.

[0008] The invention is further configured such that the harmonic coordination management unit includes a tunable notch structure embedded in the antenna ground layer or the power supply ground layer; the core control unit is configured to: according to the harmonic characteristics of the switching power supply after real-time adjustment, change the resonant frequency of the tunable notch structure by controlling the varactor diode or RF switch in the tunable notch structure, so as to enhance the suppression of specific harmonics.

[0009] The invention is further configured such that the system also includes an antenna auxiliary power supply interface, which is physically separated from the power supply / data composite interface, but electrically connected to an independent voltage regulation branch in the adaptive multimode power management module through an isolation device; the antenna auxiliary power supply interface is used to power the active devices integrated on the antenna; and the core control unit is configured to: when the status monitoring unit detects that an external device is connected to the antenna auxiliary power supply interface, automatically identify the type and power consumption requirements of the external device, and adjust the output voltage and current limits of the corresponding voltage regulation branch accordingly.

[0010] The present invention is further configured such that the core control unit is configured to execute a power pre-configuration strategy based on service prediction: based on the network signaling or baseband data stream characteristics received by the intelligent interface management module, predict the duration and power level of the terminal about to enter a high transmit power state; during the preparation period before entering the high transmit power state, control the voltage regulation branch in the adaptive multi-mode power management module that supplies power to the power amplifier unit to slightly increase its output voltage in advance, and control a group of energy storage capacitors at the output of the voltage regulation branch to charge, so as to provide transient energy replenishment during the high power transmission phase, thereby reducing the instantaneous current demand on the power input terminal.

[0011] The invention is further configured such that the metal casing of the power supply / data composite interface is electrically connected to the main ground of the terminal and simultaneously serves as a distributed heat sink for electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) of the system; a highly thermally conductive insulating material is filled between the metal casing of the power supply / data composite interface and the terminal housing, so that the Joule heat generated by the interface when transmitting large current can be effectively conducted to the main housing of the terminal for dissipation through this casing.

[0012] The present invention is further configured such that the communication protocol of the antenna auxiliary power supply interface supports one-way or two-way simple digital communication for reading the identity ID, working status or fault code of the connected external active device. The identity ID, working status or fault code is fed back to the core control unit for system health management or log recording.

[0013] The present invention is further configured such that the system is integrated into the C-band satellite communication terminal, the terminal operates in the receiving frequency band of 3700MHz~4200MHz and the transmitting frequency band of 5925MHz~6425MHz, and includes an integrated microstrip flat panel antenna array, upconversion component, downconversion component and baseband modem.

[0014] In summary, the present invention has the following main beneficial effects: This invention significantly improves the terminal's adaptability to external devices by introducing a programmable switch matrix to achieve intelligent dynamic interface reconfiguration, enabling it to be compatible with various scenarios such as power supply, data communication, and field testing without adding physical interfaces. Through the core control unit's real-time and precise dynamic adjustment of the output voltage, current limiting threshold, and enable status of multiple independent voltage regulator branches based on status monitoring, environmental sensing, and service prediction information, deep collaboration between power management and terminal operating modes, ambient temperature, and load requirements is achieved. This optimizes energy consumption control while ensuring reliability and maintains critical functions even in the event of external power supply anomalies. In particular, the harmonic collaborative management unit enables the system to dynamically adjust the switching frequency or harmonic components of the switching power supply according to the specific communication frequency of the terminal's real-time operation, and to coordinate with the tunable notch filter structure. This actively avoids or suppresses power supply noise interference to sensitive RF receiving channels in the frequency domain, fundamentally improving the system's electromagnetic compatibility and communication quality. Furthermore, the intelligent identification and power supply capabilities of the antenna-assisted power supply interface, and the design of using the interface housing as a distributed heat sink, further enhance the system's functional scalability, maintenance convenience, and environmental adaptability. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a diagram of the overall system architecture of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the interface reconstruction of the intelligent interface management module of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the harmonic collaborative management unit of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0017] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described.

[0018] This invention provides a multi-functional interface and power management system for a C-band satellite communication terminal. For example... Figures 1-3As shown, this system is specifically designed for highly integrated and miniaturized C-band satellite communication terminals, particularly suitable for terminal devices operating in the receiving band of 3700MHz–4200MHz and the transmitting band of 5925MHz–6425MHz, employing an integrated design of active microstrip flat panel antenna and transceiver components. The terminal internally includes a receiving down-conversion component, a transmitting up-conversion component, and related circuitry, which together constitute the receiving and transmitting frequency conversion units. This system aims to solve the problems of rigid interfaces, inefficient power management, and difficulty in dynamically suppressing internal electromagnetic interference in traditional terminals through intelligent interface management and adaptive power and electromagnetic coordination control, thereby improving the terminal's reliability, environmental adaptability, and deployment flexibility.

[0019] System overall architecture: This system is mainly integrated within the terminal and can be physically divided into two parts: an intelligent interface management module and an adaptive multi-mode power management module. The two are closely connected through circuit board traces and a control bus, and are coordinated by a core control unit.

[0020] Intelligent Interface Management Module: This module serves as the hub for interaction between the terminal and the external environment, with one or more power / data composite interfaces at its core. This interface is implemented using a standard industrial waterproof connector of a single caliber, such as an M12 circular connector conforming to IEC 61076-2-101 / 104 or a similar M8 connector. The multiple pins inside the connector (e.g., 8-pin or 12-pin) are not fixedly defined but connected to a programmable switch matrix. This switch matrix can be constructed from multiplexed analog switch integrated circuits (such as the ADG series chips) or more complex field-programmable gate array (FPGA) internal switch resources, and is configured by the core control unit via I2C or SPI bus.

[0021] By configuring a programmable switch matrix, the pin functions of this composite interface can be dynamically reconfigured. For example, in standard operating mode, pins 1 and 2 are configured as DC power supply positive and negative terminals (e.g., +24V, GND), and pins 3, 4, 5, and 6 are configured as Ethernet differential pairs (TX+, TX-, RX+, RX-), conforming to the IEEE 802.3 standard. When field maintenance or diagnostics are required, the core control unit can reconfigure the switch matrix based on instructions (e.g., from remote network management or local button triggers): switching a pair of differential pins originally used for Ethernet as an RF signal test port. This test port is directly coupled to the output of the receiver downconverter (950-1450MHz IF) or the input of the transmitter upconverter via a DC blocking capacitor and matching circuit. Simultaneously, to power external spectrum analyzer probes or portable active loads, the core control unit controls a regulated branch (e.g., output +5V) in the adaptive multimode power management module corresponding to the receiver or transmitter converter unit, connecting this voltage to a reserved power supply pin next to the test port via the switch matrix.

[0022] The module also integrates a status monitoring unit, which includes connector insertion / removal detection circuitry (e.g., through pull-up resistors and voltage detection), an overcurrent detection chip, and logic circuitry for preliminary identification of peripheral types. It can monitor the physical connection status and load current of the composite interface in real time, and attempt to identify the connector type (e.g., power adapter, network device, or active antenna) by detecting the peripheral's pull-up / pull-down resistance. This status information is reported to the core control unit in real time.

[0023] In addition, the module provides an independent low-power wake-up interface. This interface can be implemented using a magnetically latched reed switch or an optocoupler isolator, and its signal line is directly connected to the external interrupt pin of the core control unit. When the terminal's main power supply is completely disconnected and it is in a deep sleep state, an external magnet approaching a specific location on the terminal casing (triggers the reed switch) or an optical signal (triggers the optocoupler) will generate a wake-up interrupt signal, causing the core control unit and basic power management circuitry to power on and start.

[0024] To enhance electromagnetic compatibility and aid heat dissipation, the metal casing of the composite interface is reliably connected to the terminal's main grounding point using a low-impedance wire. A high-thermal-conductivity insulating pad or thermally conductive silicone is filled between the interface casing and the terminal's aluminum alloy housing. This allows the Joule heat generated by the interface during high-current transmission to be effectively conducted to the entire terminal housing via the metal casing and thermally conductive material, utilizing the large surface area of ​​the housing for natural heat dissipation.

[0025] Adaptive multimodal power management module: This module is responsible for providing stable, efficient, and controllable power to the various functional units within the terminal. Its input terminal connects to an external wide-range DC power supply (18V-28V DC).

[0026] The core of the module is the core control unit, which is usually a microcontroller (MCU) with built-in ADC, DAC, PWM and rich communication interfaces, such as the ARM Cortex-M series chip.

[0027] The module comprises at least three independent voltage regulation branches, all employing a high-efficiency synchronous rectified BUCK DC-DC buck topology. These three independent voltage regulation branches respectively power the power amplifier (PA) unit, the transmit converter unit (including up-conversion components), and the receive converter unit (including down-conversion components). The first branch powers the power amplifier (PA) unit, and its output voltage can be programmably adjusted via the MCU's DAC output or through a digital potentiometer-controlled feedback network. The second branch powers the transmit up-conversion unit (including mixer, driver amplifier, etc.). The third branch powers the receive down-conversion unit (including low-noise amplifier, mixer, etc.) and the baseband modem. Each branch has an independent enable control pin connected to the MCU.

[0028] The module is equipped with an environmental sensing unit, which includes multiple digital temperature sensors (such as DS18B20 or I2C interface sensors) distributed on the surface of the power amplifier chip, near the power chip, and in the air cavity inside the terminal, for collecting temperature data at key nodes.

[0029] The module also includes an energy storage buffer unit, typically consisting of a set of large-capacity farad capacitors or high-performance lithium-ion capacitors, whose charging circuit is managed by a MOSFET controlled by the MCU. When the external input power supply voltage monitoring circuit detects an abnormal drop or interruption, the MCU immediately cuts off the PA power supply branch and controls the energy storage buffer unit to supply power to the receiving branch and baseband branch to maintain short-term standby reception and status reporting capabilities.

[0030] The working logic and strategy of the core control unit: Dynamic Interface Configuration and Device Identification: The MCU continuously reads data from the status monitoring unit. When a device is detected inserted into the composite interface, the device type is initially determined based on the detected electrical characteristics, and the programmable switch matrix is ​​automatically configured to the corresponding pin function mode. For example, if it is identified as a network device, it is configured to Ethernet mode; if a specific impedance characteristic is detected (which may represent a test device), the user is queried or the device is switched to test port mode according to a preset strategy.

[0031] Adaptive power management: Temperature-based dynamic adjustment: The MCU reads the temperature of the PA chip. If the temperature exceeds the first threshold T1 (e.g., 85℃), it controls the PA power supply branch to reduce its output voltage from the standard V1 (e.g., 5V) to V1 (e.g., 4.5V) to reduce PA power consumption and heat generation. If the temperature continues to rise and exceeds a higher threshold T2 (e.g., 95℃), the PA power supply branch is directly shut off.

[0032] Voltage regulation based on operating mode: When the terminal only needs to receive or is in standby mode, the MCU controls the PA power supply branch to output a low voltage V_low (e.g., 2.5V), keeping the PA in a near-off state with extremely low quiescent current. When transmission is required, the MCU first instructs this branch to output the normal operating voltage V1, and then enables the transmission link after the voltage stabilizes.

[0033] Pre-provisioning based on service forecasts: By analyzing signaling from the baseband modem (such as instructions to send large data packets) or data stream characteristics, the MCU predicts that a high-power transmit state will be entered within the next few milliseconds to hundreds of milliseconds. Before the predicted start of the transmit, the MCU slightly increases the output voltage of the PA power supply branch (e.g., by 0.1-0.2V from V1) and simultaneously controls a small dedicated energy storage capacitor bank at the branch output to charge rapidly. When the high-power transmit pulse arrives, this pre-stored energy can provide a transient large current, thereby "peak shaving and valley filling," reducing the instantaneous power demand on the front-end DC-DC converter and input power supply, and improving system stability.

[0034] Antenna Auxiliary Power Supply Interface Management: The terminal has a physically independent but structurally sealed auxiliary power supply interface, which is connected to the regulated output of the receiving branch via a current isolator (such as a DC-DC isolation module). When an active antenna accessory (such as a feed with an integrated low-noise amplifier) ​​is connected to this interface, the identification circuit within the interface (such as a single-bus device) transmits its ID and rated power consumption information to the MCU. The MCU then adjusts the output voltage and overcurrent protection point of the corresponding isolated power supply module to accurately match the accessory's requirements and can record the accessory connection information in the system log.

[0035] Harmonic Co-management Unit: This unit is the key innovation of this invention, used to dynamically solve the problem of interference from switching power supply noise on radio frequency reception.

[0036] This unit includes an RF sampling and modulation circuit. This circuit non-invasively couples to the switching node (SW) of the main BUCK power supply (especially the branch supplying power to noise-sensitive circuits) via a high-resistance capacitive probe to acquire the switching frequency and its higher harmonics. This signal is processed by a wideband logarithmic amplifier and then sent to the MCU's ADC for sampling and analysis. The MCU's internal algorithm analyzes the main spectral distribution of the current switching noise in real time.

[0037] At the same time, the MCU obtains the specific receiving frequency (fc) at which the terminal is currently operating by querying the baseband modem or frequency synthesizer.

[0038] The MCU compares and analyzes the received frequency fc with the switching noise spectrum. Based on a preset algorithm, the MCU dynamically adjusts the switching frequency (fs) of the corresponding BUCK power supply. The goal of this adjustment is to ensure that the fundamental frequency fs and its main harmonics (e.g., 2fs, 3fs...) are offset from the received frequency fc, the received bandwidth (fc±BW / 2), and key frequencies that may cause intermodulation interference (e.g., fc ±fs, fc ± 2fs, etc.), maintaining a safe frequency interval. This aims to prevent any significant switching noise components from falling within the instantaneous bandwidth of the receiving channel. The adjustment is achieved through the MCU's PWM output or by reconfiguring the clock frequency of the switching power supply chip via the I2C interface.

[0039] To further enhance the suppression effect, this system incorporates a tunable notch filter structure in the RF ground plane or power ground plane of the printed circuit board (PCB). This structure can be a microstrip line with an open-ended termination, its end grounded via a varactor diode; or it can be an LC resonant circuit, with its inductance or capacitance value selected by an RF switch array controlled by an MCU. The MCU calculates the corresponding interference frequency based on the real-time adjusted switching frequency fs' and the specific subharmonic to be suppressed (e.g., 2fs'). Then, by adjusting the bias voltage of the varactor diode or switching the state of the RF switches, the resonant frequency of the tunable notch filter structure is precisely aligned with this interference frequency, thereby creating a deep attenuation point at the power supply input or signal reference ground of the RF front end, achieving active and precise noise suppression.

[0040] System integration and workflow: All of the above modules are integrated inside the terminal. The entire unit adopts a fully enclosed natural heat dissipation design, and the surface of the casing is coated with a high-reflectivity white coating to reduce heat absorption from solar radiation.

[0041] After the terminal powers on, the core control unit first initializes each module, reads the ambient temperature, and checks the interface status. It then enters the main loop: Continuously monitor interface status, ambient temperature, and power supply load.

[0042] Based on the baseband unit instructions and the current status, perform the corresponding power mode switch (receive / transmit / standby).

[0043] Parallel execution harmonic collaborative management: Real-time monitoring of operating frequency, dynamic adjustment of switching frequency, and linkage adjustment of tunable notch filter structure.

[0044] When an external power supply anomaly or high temperature alarm is detected, the corresponding derating, protection, or emergency power supply procedures are executed.

[0045] Record system operation logs, including interface events, power adjustment events, and abnormal events.

[0046] In summary, this invention achieves dynamic reconfiguration of interface functions and adaptive identification of external devices through an intelligent interface management module integrating a programmable switch matrix. It also enables refined and coordinated control of voltage, current, and enable status of each power supply branch through an adaptive multimodal power management module that integrates environmental perception, status monitoring, and service prediction capabilities. This is particularly evident in the differentiated power supply management for the receiving frequency converter unit, transmitting frequency converter unit, and power amplifier unit. Furthermore, it innovatively introduces a harmonic coordination management unit, which analyzes communication frequencies in real time and dynamically adjusts the operating frequency of the switching power supply and its associated tunable notch filter structure, thereby proactively avoiding and suppressing electromagnetic interference from power supply noise on sensitive RF receiving channels at the system level. Under the overall coordination of the core control unit, these modules work collaboratively to form a complete, efficient, and dynamically adaptable interface and power management solution for complex working environments. This not only significantly improves the deployment flexibility, energy efficiency, and environmental reliability of C-band satellite communication terminals but also effectively guarantees communication quality and stability across the entire frequency band from a mechanistic perspective.

[0047] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, these specific embodiments are merely explanations of the invention and are not intended to limit it. The specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make modifications, substitutions, and variations to the embodiments as needed without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, but such modifications, substitutions, and variations are protected by patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-functional interface and power management system for a C-band satellite communication terminal, characterized in that, An integrated satellite communication terminal with an integrated active antenna is used. The system includes: The intelligent interface management module includes at least one integrated power supply / data composite interface and status monitoring unit; An adaptive multimodal power management module, electrically connected to the intelligent interface management module, includes a core control unit, at least three independent voltage regulation branches, and an environmental sensing unit. The power supply / data composite interface uses a single-diameter waterproof connector, and its internal pins are configured with functions through a programmable switch matrix. The status monitoring unit is used to monitor the status of the power supply / data composite interface in real time. The environmental sensing unit is used to collect data from inside the terminal. The core control unit is connected to the status monitoring unit, the environmental sensing unit, and the enable terminal of each voltage regulation branch, respectively. The at least three independent voltage regulation branches supply power to the terminal's receiving frequency conversion unit, transmitting frequency conversion unit, and power amplifier unit, respectively. The system also includes a harmonic coordination management unit, which includes a radio frequency sampling and modulation circuit electrically connected to the switching node of the switching power supply in the adaptive multimode power management module; The core control unit is further configured as follows: Analyze the specific communication frequency points currently being used by the terminal; Based on the communication frequency information obtained from the analysis, the switching frequency or harmonic components of the switching power supply are dynamically adjusted to form a preset avoidance or suppression relationship with the current operating frequency of the terminal or key intermodulation interference frequencies.

2. The multi-functional interface and power management system of a C-band satellite communication terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The configuration options for the programmable switch matrix include switching some pins of the power supply / data composite interface to RF signal test ports; When the pin is configured as an RF test port, the core control unit controls the voltage regulation branch in the adaptive multimode power management module corresponding to the receive frequency conversion unit or transmit frequency conversion unit to output a specific DC bias voltage to the pin for powering the external test probe or active load.

3. The multi-functional interface and power management system of a C-band satellite communication terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The harmonic coordination management unit also includes a tunable notch structure embedded in the antenna ground layer or power ground layer; The core control unit is configured to: based on the harmonic characteristics of the switching power supply after real-time adjustment, change the resonant frequency of the tunable notch structure by controlling the varactor diode or RF switch in the tunable notch structure, so as to enhance the suppression of specific harmonics.

4. The multi-functional interface and power management system of a C-band satellite communication terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The system also includes an antenna auxiliary power supply interface, which is physically separate from the power supply / data composite interface, but electrically connected to an independent regulated branch in the adaptive multimode power management module through an isolation device; The antenna auxiliary power supply interface is used to power the active devices integrated on the antenna; and... The core control unit is configured to: when the status monitoring unit detects that an external device is connected to the antenna auxiliary power supply interface, automatically identify the type and power consumption requirements of the external device, and adjust the output voltage and current limits of the corresponding voltage regulation branch accordingly.

5. The multi-functional interface and power management system of a C-band satellite communication terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The core control unit is configured to execute a power pre-provisioning strategy based on service forecasts: Based on the network signaling or baseband data stream characteristics received by the intelligent interface management module, the duration and power level of the terminal entering a high-transmission-power state are predicted. During the preparation period before entering the high-power transmission state, the voltage regulator branch that supplies power to the power amplifier unit in the adaptive multi-mode power management module is controlled to slightly increase its output voltage in advance, and a group of energy storage capacitors at the output of the voltage regulator branch is controlled to charge, so as to provide transient energy replenishment during the high-power transmission phase, thereby reducing the instantaneous current demand on the power input terminal.

6. The multi-functional interface and power management system of a C-band satellite communication terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The metal casing of the power supply / data composite interface is electrically connected to the terminal's main ground and also serves as a distributed heat sink for the system's electromagnetic compatibility. A highly thermally conductive insulating material is filled between the metal casing of the power supply / data composite interface and the terminal housing, so that the Joule heat generated by the power supply / data composite interface when transmitting large current can be effectively conducted to the main terminal housing for dissipation through this casing.

7. The multi-functional interface and power management system of a C-band satellite communication terminal according to claim 4, characterized in that, The communication protocol of the antenna auxiliary power supply interface supports one-way or two-way simple digital communication, which is used to read the identity ID, working status or fault code of the connected external active device. The identity ID, working status or fault code is fed back to the core control unit for system health management or log recording.

8. A multi-functional interface and power management system for a C-band satellite communication terminal according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The system is integrated into a C-band satellite communication terminal, which operates in the receiving frequency band of 3700MHz to 4200MHz and the transmitting frequency band of 5925MHz to 6425MHz. It includes an integrated microstrip flat panel antenna array, upconversion components, downconversion components, and baseband modem.

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