Counter-rotating rotary cultivator for sowing seeds below rotary tillage layer
By using a counter-rotating rotary tiller to sow seeds below the tillage layer, the problems of high seed exposure and affected seed germination are solved, resulting in reduced seed usage, lower levels of pathogens and insect eggs, and high-efficiency, energy-saving, and yield-increasing effects.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- 王森豹
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-18
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-21
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, sowing seeds in the tillage layer results in a high seed exposure rate, which affects seed germination and growth. Furthermore, the method of returning straw to the field increases seed usage and management difficulty, while providing significant protection against pathogens and insect eggs, but also increases costs.
Design a counter-rotating rotary tiller that sows seeds below the rotary tillage layer. By setting up components such as a blade roller, a seeding beam, a press roller, and a soil retaining cover, it can complete rotary tillage, fertilization, and sowing in one pass with a long blade and shallow rotation. The seeds are covered under the straw stubble soil to avoid seed exposure, and a stubble soil-preventing roller is used to prevent the accumulation of straw stubble soil.
It reduces seed usage by 5-8 kg/mu, decreases pathogens and insect eggs, increases germination rate, has a simple mechanical structure, is highly efficient and energy-saving, and increases yield and income.
Smart Images
Figure CN121890356A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to agricultural machinery, and more particularly to a counter-rotating rotary tiller that sows seeds below a rotary tillage layer. Background Technology
[0002] In dryland farming, people are accustomed to sowing seeds in the topsoil. For decades, to protect the environment, my country has been implementing straw return to the field, and straw return machinery has emerged in large numbers. In rice-wheat rotation areas, the main method is still deep plowing and burying the stubble, followed by shallow rotary tillage and sowing. This method of straw return to the field often results in many seeds falling into the straw. After rice harvest, many fields have high moisture content. Implementing deep and shallow rotary tillage results in sticky soil with little spillage, failing to achieve the soil amount required to cover the seeds. In this case, the seed exposure rate is high. The deep rotary tillage and straw burying method also has the problem of straw being exposed during rainy weather. The high water content of straw, coupled with dry weather and poor ventilation, all negatively impact seed germination and growth. This forces farmers to increase the seed usage per acre from less than 20 kg to 25 kg or even more than 30 kg. While straw burial provides some protection against overwintering pathogens and insect eggs, under suitable conditions, these pathogens, insect eggs, and weed seeds gradually revive and grow, requiring further treatment with pesticides. This increases both planting costs and management difficulties, leading farmers to point out the shortcomings of straw return to the field. Therefore, the aforementioned planting methods and rotary seeding machinery still have their limitations. Summary of the Invention
[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned problems by designing and providing a counter-rotating rotary tiller that sows seeds below the rotary tillage layer.
[0004] The present invention provides a counter-rotating tiller for sowing seeds below a rotary tillage layer, comprising a rear crossbeam on the frame, a central transmission box, a side transmission box, a side plate, a cutter roller, a soil retaining cover, a fertilizer and seed box, a sowing beam, a sowing tube, a press roller, the side transmission box and the side plate supporting the two ends of the cutter roller, the cutter roller being positioned below the rear crossbeam, the sowing beam being positioned behind the cutter roller, a stubble-free roller being positioned above the sowing beam, a soil retaining plate being positioned above the press roller, and the sowing tube being positioned to enter the groove of the sowing beam from both ends of the frame, or from the width of the rotary tillage layer, or multiple sowing tubes being grouped together and entered into the groove of the sowing beam.
[0005] Furthermore, the retaining cover is positioned above and in front of the cutter roller. The stubble outlet of the retaining cover is open, with its outlet edge located 330-530 mm from the center of the cutter roller.
[0006] Furthermore, the stubble-free roller has a toothed rack on the outer periphery of its roller shaft.
[0007] Furthermore, protective plates are provided at the front and rear of the seeding beam.
[0008] The advantages of this invention are:
[0009] 1. Set up a long blade shallow rotary tillage to complete rotary tillage, fertilization and sowing operations in one go. Sow the seeds before the straw stubble thrown up by the rotary tillage lands. Sow the seeds on the soil below the rotary tillage layer. The straw stubble thrown behind covers the seeds, so that there will be no exposed seeds. The amount of rice and wheat seeds used can be reduced by 5-8 kg per mu.
[0010] 2. As the straw covering the top weathers and dries naturally, pathogens and insect eggs will also decrease and die off significantly.
[0011] 3. The mechanical structure is simple, the power consumption is low, and the efficiency is high, which can achieve significant energy saving, labor saving, cost saving, and increased production and income. Attached Figure Description
[0012] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, a brief introduction is given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The drawings described are merely some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.
[0013] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.
[0014] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 AA's view diagram
[0015] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 BB's sectional view
[0016] In the diagram: 1. Cutting roller 2. Side plate 3. Soil retaining cover 4. Side transmission box 5. Transmission component 6. Middle transmission box 7. Rear crossbeam 8. Fertilizer motor 9. Seed and fertilizer box 10. Seeding motor 11. Seeding pipe 12. Seeding pipe support 13. Soil retaining plate 14. Support arm 15. Pressing roller 16. Protective plate 17. Seeding nozzle 18. Fixing plate 19. Seeding beam 20. Stubble-free roller
[0017] Specific facilities
[0018] like Figures 1-3The image shows a counter-rotating rotary tiller that sows seeds below a rotary tillage layer. It includes a rear crossbeam 7 on the frame, a central transmission box 6, side transmission boxes 4, side plates 2, a cutter roller 1, a soil retainer 3, a seed and fertilizer box 9, a sowing beam 19, sowing tubes 11, and a press roller 15. The lower parts of the side transmission boxes 4 and side plates 2 support both ends of the cutter roller 1. The cutter roller 1 is located below the rear crossbeam 7. The sowing beam 19 is located behind the cutter roller 1. A stubble-free roller 20 is installed above the sowing beam 19. A soil retainer 13 is installed above the press roller 15. The sowing tubes 11 can enter the slots of the sowing beam 19 from both ends of the frame, or from between the rotary tillage layers. Multiple sowing tubes 11 can also be grouped together and inserted into the slots of the sowing beam 19. The soil cover 3 is positioned above and in front of the cutter roller 1. The stubble outlet of the soil cover 3 is open, with its outlet edge 330-530 mm from the center of the cutter roller 1. The upper end of the seeding tube 11 is connected to the seed delivery box installed on the fertilizer and seed box 9. The seed drop outlet 17 at the lower end of the seeding tube 19 is placed in the groove of the seeding beam 19. The seeding tube 11 can be positioned to enter the groove of the seeding beam 19 from both ends of the frame, or it can enter the groove of the seeding beam 19 from the rotary tillage width. Several seeding tubes 11 can also be grouped together and entered into the groove of the seeding beam 19. When the row spacing is greater than 500 mm, the seeding tubes 11 can be arranged individually in the groove of the seeding beam 19 according to the row spacing. When the row spacing is less than 500 mm, several seeding tubes 11 can be grouped together and entered into the groove of the seeding beam 19. The seeding tube 11 can enter the groove of the seeding beam 19 through the seeding tube support 12. The seeding tube 11 entering the seeding beam 19 is fixed to the seeding inlet 17 on the fixing plate 18 according to the row spacing requirements. A stubble-free roller 20 is set on the upper part of the seeding beam 19. The stubble-free roller 20 has bearing ends at both ends, with one bearing end extending out of the bearing. A transmission component 5 is installed on the shaft end extending out of the bearing. The power output from the side transmission box 4 drives the transmission component 5 to rotate the stubble-free roller 20. During operation, the cutter roller 1 rotates in the opposite direction. When the stubble is thrown out, a small amount falls off. To prevent the stubble from accumulating on the seeding beam 19, the rotation of the stubble-free roller 20 continuously throws off the fallen stubble, thus preventing the stubble from accumulating on the seeding beam 19. The two ends of the press roller 15 are respectively connected to the side plates 2 and the support arms 14 at both ends of the frame. The tillage depth is controlled by adjusting the height of the press roller 15. A soil retaining plate 13 is provided above the press roller 15. The soil retaining plate 13 is movably connected. The soil retaining plate 13 is used to prevent the thrown stubble from falling onto the press roller 15, thus preventing soil accumulation on the press roller 15. When lowered forward, it can be used as a footboard when adding fertilizer and seeds. This invention implements a long blade shallow rotation to complete the sowing of seeds on the soil below the rotary tillage layer in one go. The rotation radius of the blade roller 1 is 245-275 mm, and the tillage depth is usually 30-50 mm. By increasing the distance between the blade roller 1 and the soil throwing outlet of the soil retaining cover 3 and increasing the centrifugal force of the soil throwing by the long blade shallow rotation, the soil throwing effect is good, fine and non-sticky.The height of the front edge of the retaining cover 3 from the ground is set to 150-250 mm. During counter-rotating tillage, the soil cut by the rotary tillage will continuously turn over in front of the cutter roller 1. As the soil turns over forward, it can backfill the grooves and depressions of the roller, which can improve the flatness of the field after operation. In order to prevent the seed drop opening 17 of the seeding pipe 11 from being blocked, protective plates 16 are installed at the front and rear of the seeding beam 19 to increase the depth of the groove of the seeding beam 19 and prevent stubble from blocking the seed drop opening 17. During operation, the fertilizer in the fertilizer box 9 is spread in front of the cutter roller 1 by the fertilizer spreading device driven by the fertilizer spreading motor 8. The seeds are output by the seed conveying shaft driven by the seeding motor 10 and enter the groove of the seeding beam 19 through the seeding pipe 11. Seeds are sown on the soil below the rotary tillage layer, with straw stubble covering them over the sowing beam 19, thus preventing seed exposure. This saves 5-8 kg of seeds per acre. Furthermore, the straw covering the seeds naturally weathers and dries, significantly reducing or killing pathogens and insect eggs. For decades, my country has promoted straw return to the field, resulting in a deep soil loosening layer exceeding 150 mm, suitable for seed germination and growth. In rice-wheat double-cropping areas and arid, water-scarce regions, this one-time shallow rotary tillage sowing method, placing seeds on the soil below the rotary tillage layer, retains moisture, achieves high germination rates, is highly efficient and energy-saving, increases yield and income, and features a simple mechanical structure that can be designed and implemented with various tractor models, making it easy to promote.
[0019] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A counter-rotating rotary tiller for sowing seeds below a rotary tillage layer, comprising a rear crossbeam (7) on a frame, a central transmission box (6), a side transmission box (4), a side plate (2), a cutter roller (1), a soil retaining cover (3), a seed and fertilizer box (9), a sowing beam (19), a sowing tube (11), a press roller (15), wherein the lower parts of the side transmission box (4) and the side plate (2) support the two ends of the cutter roller (1), and the cutter roller (1) is positioned below the rear crossbeam (7), characterized in that: The sowing beam (19) is set behind the cutter roller (1), and a stubble-free roller (20) is set above the sowing beam (19). A retaining plate (13) is set above the pressing roller (15). The sowing tube (11) can be set to enter the groove of the sowing beam (19) from both ends of the frame, or it can enter the groove of the sowing beam (19) from the width of the rotary tillage. Alternatively, several sowing tubes (11) can be grouped together and entered into the groove of the sowing beam (19).
2. The counter-rotating rotary tiller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The retaining cover (3) is located above the front of the cutter roller (1). The stubble outlet of the retaining cover (3) is open, and its outlet edge is 330-530 mm from the center of the cutter roller (1).
3. A counter-rotating rotary tiller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stubble-free roller (20) has a toothed rack on the outer circumference of its roller shaft.
4. A counter-rotating rotary tiller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seeding beam (19) is equipped with protective plates (16) at the front and rear.