Method for efficiently preventing and treating crop diseases by utilizing ultraviolet rays

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural plant protection, and discloses a method for efficiently preventing and treating crop diseases by utilizing ultraviolet rays, which comprises the following steps: in the advancing process of a mobile platform, acquiring fluorescence spectrum data of crops excited by the ultraviolet rays by utilizing a disease monitoring module, dividing disease grades and matching basic radiation dosage; collecting environment temperature and humidity data, determining an environment correction coefficient, and correcting the basic radiation dose to obtain a target ultraviolet radiation dose; the real-time moving speed and the effective irradiation width are obtained, and the real-time output power of the ultraviolet lamp array is reversely calculated based on the target ultraviolet radiation dose; and adjusting the output intensity according to the real-time output power to execute irradiation, and associating and storing the operation data. Through the temperature and humidity and dosage linkage model and the power speed decoupling control strategy, ultraviolet variable treatment based on the disease degree and the environment state is achieved, dosage uniformity at different moving speeds is guaranteed, and the prevention and treatment accuracy and the energy utilization rate are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural plant protection technology, specifically a method for efficiently controlling crop diseases using ultraviolet light. Background Technology

[0002] Using ultraviolet light (especially UV-B and UV-C bands) at night to disrupt the DNA structure of pathogens and control fungal diseases such as powdery mildew and gray mold is a physical control method that can effectively reduce chemical pesticide residues. Current ultraviolet control operations typically rely on mobile devices equipped with ultraviolet light source arrays, which continuously irradiate the crop canopy by moving between or above the crop rows.

[0003] However, existing ultraviolet (UV) radiation control technologies have certain limitations in practical applications. Current operating modes mostly employ preset constant power output, lacking the ability to perceive and respond to the actual pathophysiological state of crops in real time. During operation, equipment typically applies the same intensity of radiation dose regardless of the crop's health condition or disease severity. This extensive approach not only reduces energy efficiency but also poses two risks: firstly, unnecessary excessive radiation to healthy plants can cause light stress damage to crop leaves, affecting photosynthesis; secondly, insufficient radiation dose to severely infected areas can lead to incomplete inactivation of pathogens, causing disease recurrence. Furthermore, the attenuation rate of UV radiation transmission in the air and the sensitivity of pathogenic fungi to radiation fluctuate with changes in ambient temperature and humidity. Existing technologies largely ignore the impact of microenvironmental parameters on control efficacy and lack dynamic dose correction mechanisms based on environmental factors, making it difficult to ensure consistent control effects under complex and variable climatic conditions.

[0004] Furthermore, due to the unevenness of farmland surfaces and the inconsistency of soil texture, mobile platforms inevitably experience speed fluctuations during operation. Under traditional control modes with constant light source output power, the cumulative radiation dose received by crops per unit area is inversely proportional to the moving speed. When the vehicle slows down due to slippage or climbing, the localized cumulative dose increases, easily causing seedling burn; conversely, when the vehicle accelerates, the cumulative dose falls below the lethal threshold, creating blind spots in pest control. Existing control systems generally lack the ability to decouple moving speed from output power for coordinated control, making it difficult to ensure a uniform distribution of radiation dose across the entire field. In addition, conventional pest control operations lack effective means of recording process data, failing to provide digital reports including geographical location, disease severity distribution, and actual applied dose. This makes it difficult for agricultural managers to quantitatively assess the quality of pest control after operations, and to accurately identify areas that have been missed or overtreated to arrange remedial measures, thus limiting the improvement of precision agricultural management. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a method for the efficient prevention and control of crop diseases using ultraviolet light. This method solves the problems of existing ultraviolet control technologies, which typically use fixed-dose irradiation, fail to differentiate treatment based on the actual severity of crop diseases, ignore the influence of environmental temperature and humidity on the sterilization efficiency of ultraviolet light, and suffer from uneven radiation doses due to speed fluctuations of mobile operating platforms, as well as the lack of an effective operation quality traceability mechanism.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for efficiently controlling crop diseases using ultraviolet light, comprising the following steps: Step S100: During the movement of the mobile platform, the disease monitoring module uses ultraviolet light to irradiate the leaves in the dark environment and uses UV / VIS fluorescence detection technology to detect the crop leaves and obtain fluorescence spectrum data; the central control module receives the fluorescence spectrum data and calculates the fluorescence characteristic index, classifies the current disease severity of the crop into different levels according to the preset classification standards, and matches the corresponding basic ultraviolet radiation dose according to the determined disease level. Step S200: Use the environmental sensing module to collect ambient temperature and relative humidity data at the current work location, and transmit the collected data to the central control module; Step S300: The central control module compares the ambient temperature data and relative humidity data with the preset optimal environmental range based on the preset temperature, humidity and dose linkage model. It determines the environmental correction coefficient based on the comparison results, corrects the basic ultraviolet radiation dose using the environmental correction coefficient, and calculates the target ultraviolet radiation dose required for the current working area. Step S400: The central control module obtains the current real-time moving speed of the mobile platform and the effective irradiation width of the ultraviolet radiation module. Based on the target ultraviolet radiation dose, combined with the real-time moving speed and the effective irradiation width, it calculates in reverse the real-time output power required by the ultraviolet lamp array in the ultraviolet radiation module. Step S500: The central control module generates control commands based on the calculated real-time output power, adjusts the output intensity of the ultraviolet radiation module, and irradiates the crops with ultraviolet light; at the same time, the data positioning module obtains the current geographical location information and timestamp of the operation, and the central control module stores the operation data in association.

[0007] Preferably, in step S100, the fluorescence characteristic indicators include the chlorophyll fluorescence ratio and the blue-green fluorescence integral value. The process of the central control module calculating the fluorescence characteristic indicators includes: locating the fluorescence intensity peaks at wavelengths of 690nm and 735nm in the fluorescence spectral data, and calculating the ratio of the fluorescence intensity peaks at wavelengths of 690nm and 735nm as the chlorophyll fluorescence ratio; selecting a wavelength range of 500nm to 625nm as the integration interval, integrating the spectral intensity within the wavelength range to obtain the blue-green fluorescence integral value. The central control module compares the chlorophyll fluorescence ratio and the blue-green fluorescence integral value with preset health baseline thresholds and pathological grading thresholds, classifying the disease severity into four levels: no disease, low susceptibility, moderate susceptibility, or high susceptibility.

[0008] Preferably, in step S300, the specific logic of the preset temperature, humidity, and dose linkage model is as follows: the optimal environmental range includes an optimal temperature range of 20°C to 40°C and an optimal humidity range of 40% to 60%. When the ambient temperature data is within the optimal temperature range and the relative humidity data is within the optimal humidity range, the working environment is determined to be in optimal condition, and the environmental correction factor is set to 1.0; when the ambient temperature data is less than 20°C or greater than 40°C, or the relative humidity data is less than 40% or greater than 60%, the working environment is determined to be in suboptimal condition, and the environmental correction factor is set to 1.2. The target ultraviolet radiation dose is equal to the product of the base ultraviolet radiation dose and the environmental correction factor.

[0009] Preferably, in step S100, the mapping relationship for matching the corresponding basic ultraviolet radiation dose according to the determined disease level is as follows: if the disease level is no disease, the basic ultraviolet radiation dose is 0 joules per square meter; if the disease level is low susceptibility, the basic ultraviolet radiation dose is 68 joules per square meter; if the disease level is moderate susceptibility, the basic ultraviolet radiation dose is 85 joules per square meter; if the disease level is high susceptibility, the basic ultraviolet radiation dose is 170 joules per square meter.

[0010] Preferably, in step S400, the real-time output power is equal to the product of the target ultraviolet radiation dose, the effective irradiation width, and the real-time moving speed.

[0011] Preferably, in step S500, adjusting the output intensity of the ultraviolet radiation module specifically employs pulse width modulation (PWM) technology. The PWM process includes: the central control module performing a ratio calculation between the calculated real-time output power and the rated maximum output power of the ultraviolet radiation module, and converting the calculation result into a percentage to obtain the theoretical duty cycle; when the real-time output power is greater than the rated maximum output power, the theoretical duty cycle is forcibly set to 100%; the central control module uses the theoretical duty cycle as an index to look up the corresponding corrected duty cycle in a pre-calibrated duty cycle-luminous flux correction mapping table, and sends a digital control signal containing the corrected duty cycle information to the power drive unit of the ultraviolet radiation module.

[0012] Preferably, in step S100, when the disease monitoring module detects crop leaves, the receiving end face of the optical detection probe of the disease monitoring module faces the crop canopy and is configured to maintain a non-contact detection distance from the surface of the crop leaves. The value of the non-contact detection distance is in the range of 5 cm to 10 cm. The optical axis of the optical detection probe is set at an angle of 0 degrees to 45 degrees with the normal direction of the leaf surface. The excitation light source unit of the disease monitoring module is a narrow-band ultraviolet light-emitting diode array, and the ultraviolet wavelength of the excitation light source is 355 nm to 390 nm.

[0013] Preferably, in step S500, the data positioning module has two operating modes: when the mobile platform is in a field environment, it resolves the current longitude and latitude coordinates of the mobile platform through a global navigation satellite system receiving unit; when the mobile platform is in a greenhouse environment, it resolves the current position coordinates of the mobile platform in the offline map based on a pre-established offline map using SLAM technology; the data positioning module provides a timestamp through a real-time clock unit in both operating modes. The central control module establishes a multi-dimensional operation data recording structure, encapsulating the disease level, ambient temperature data, relative humidity data, target ultraviolet radiation dose, actual dose, longitude coordinates, latitude coordinates, position coordinates in the offline map, and timestamp into a complete data frame, and transmits it to a non-volatile memory for persistent storage.

[0014] Preferably, the actual dose is calculated as follows: obtain the actual output power of the ultraviolet radiation module at the current moment; calculate the ratio of the actual output power to the product of the effective irradiation width and the real-time moving speed to obtain the actual dose.

[0015] Preferably, the method further includes steps of generating a job traceability report based on stored data and evaluating job quality. Specifically, this includes: the central control module calculating the dose deviation rate for each sampling point. The dose deviation rate is the ratio of the absolute value of the difference between the actual executed dose and the target ultraviolet radiation dose to the target ultraviolet radiation dose, multiplied by 100%. The central control module iterates through all data points. If the dose deviation rate is greater than a preset allowable deviation threshold, it is marked as a job anomaly. In the job traceability report, if a continuous trajectory segment shows an actual executed dose less than the target ultraviolet radiation dose and a dose deviation rate exceeding the limit, the central control module marks it as an underdose area; if a continuous trajectory segment shows an actual executed dose greater than the target ultraviolet radiation dose and a dose deviation rate exceeding the limit, the central control module marks it as an overdose area.

[0016] This invention provides a method for efficiently controlling crop diseases using ultraviolet light. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention uses fluorescence detection technology to obtain the crop disease level in real time and dynamically calculates the target radiation dose by combining environmental temperature and humidity data. Compared with the traditional fixed-dose operation method, it can carry out precise variable treatment according to the degree of crop disease and the differences in environmental microclimate. While ensuring effective inactivation of pathogens, it avoids physiological damage to healthy plants caused by excessive radiation, and improves the targeting and energy efficiency of prevention and control operations.

[0017] 2. This invention adopts a control strategy based on decoupling of movement speed and output power. It uses the real-time collected movement speed to calculate the output power required by the ultraviolet lamp array in reverse, and adjusts the output intensity through pulse width modulation technology. This ensures that the cumulative radiation dose received by crops per unit area is always maintained at the set target value, effectively eliminating the impact of speed fluctuations caused by terrain undulations or operating habits on the uniformity of the prevention and control effect.

[0018] 3. This invention establishes a multi-source data fusion and operation traceability mechanism, which associates and stores disease severity, environmental parameters, applied dosage, and spatiotemporal coordinate information. By calculating the dosage deviation rate and generating a visual operation report, it can intuitively present the distribution of farmland operation quality, helping managers quickly identify areas of under- or over-dosing, and providing quantitative data support for subsequent agricultural review and remedial operations. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system functional architecture of the present invention; Figure 2 This invention provides a schematic flowchart of a method for efficiently controlling crop diseases using ultraviolet light, as an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] The module includes: 10. Disease monitoring module; 20. Environmental sensing module; 30. Central control module; 40. Ultraviolet radiation module; and 50. Data positioning module. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Please see the appendix Figure 1 This invention provides a method for efficiently controlling crop diseases using ultraviolet light, which is based on an ultraviolet control system. The ultraviolet control system includes a mobile platform, a disease monitoring module 10 installed at the front end of the mobile platform, an environmental sensing module 20, a central control module 30, an ultraviolet radiation module 40, and a data positioning module 50.

[0023] The mobile platform, serving as the physical carrier and power source of the entire system, includes a self-propelled or towed chassis structure. Internally, it integrates a drive motor or internal combustion engine power system, as well as a power management unit (such as a large-capacity lithium battery pack or generator) to power various electronic modules. The mobile platform is capable of operating across ridges, and its wheel track or track spacing can be mechanically adjusted according to the width of the crop planting ridges to ensure the equipment's passability and stability when moving through the field.

[0024] The disease monitoring module 10 is mounted on a support structure at the front end of the mobile platform, with a field of view covering the crop canopy area. This module is equipped with a high-sensitivity optical detection probe, and internally integrates an excitation light source (ultraviolet light source) of a specific wavelength range (e.g., 365nm-405nm) and a spectral signal acquisition unit (e.g., a spectrometer as the detection instrument). This module is configured to emit excitation light to crop leaves in a non-contact state, capture the weak fluorescence signal generated by the excited leaves, convert it into an electrical signal, and transmit it to the subsequent processing unit.

[0025] The environmental sensing module 20 is positioned in a shaded area or a well-ventilated location with a louvered structure to avoid interference from direct sunlight and the heat generated by the ultraviolet lamps. This module integrates an industrial-grade temperature and humidity sensor to monitor the dry-bulb temperature and relative humidity of the working microenvironment in real time, providing environmental background data for radiation dose correction.

[0026] The ultraviolet radiation module 40 is located behind the disease monitoring module 10 and includes one or more ultraviolet lamp arrays. The lamp array consists of multiple ultraviolet light-emitting diodes (UV-LEDs) or low-pressure mercury lamps, primarily emitting UV-B or UV-C bands with bactericidal effects. This module is equipped with a height adjustment mechanism and an angle deflection mechanism, enabling adjustment of the irradiation distance according to the crop height. Simultaneously, the module has a power adjustment interface, supporting continuous adjustment of the output radiant flux through pulse width modulation (PWM) or voltage regulation.

[0027] The data positioning module 50 is physically integrated on the top of the equipment. To adapt to both field and greenhouse operating environments, it not only includes a satellite positioning receiver supporting both BeiDou and GPS dual-mode and an inertial measurement unit (IMU), but also integrates sensing sensors (such as lidar or visual sensors) for performing SLAM positioning. This module provides sub-meter level geographic coordinate information (field GNSS mode) or location coordinate information based on offline maps (greenhouse SLAM mode), accurate timing services, and movement speed feedback.

[0028] The central control module 30 is the core processing unit of the entire system, typically employing a high-performance embedded microprocessor (such as an ARM Cortex-M series or FPGA chip). This module is electrically connected to the disease monitoring module 10, environmental sensing module 20, ultraviolet radiation module 40, and data positioning module 50 via CAN bus, RS485, or analog interface, respectively. The central control module 30 internally runs a real-time operating system and control algorithms, responsible for synchronously acquiring data from various sensors, executing disease grading and dosage calculation logic, and sending specific control commands to lower-level actuators.

[0029] See attached document Figure 2 This invention provides a method for efficiently controlling crop diseases using ultraviolet light, comprising the following steps: Step S100: Monitor crop disease severity. During the movement of the mobile platform, the disease monitoring module 10 uses UV / VIS fluorescence detection technology to detect crop leaves in real time, acquiring fluorescence spectral data of the leaves under ultraviolet light excitation at a specific wavelength. The central control module 30 receives the fluorescence spectral data, calculates fluorescence characteristic indicators, and classifies the current disease severity of the crop into four levels: no disease, low susceptibility, moderate susceptibility, or high susceptibility, according to preset classification standards. The corresponding baseline ultraviolet radiation dose is then matched based on the determined disease level.

[0030] Step S200: Collect ambient temperature and humidity data. The ambient temperature and relative humidity data of the current working location are collected in real time using the environmental sensing module 20, and the collected data is transmitted to the central control module 30.

[0031] Step S300: Calculate the target ultraviolet radiation dose. The central control module 30 compares the ambient temperature and relative humidity data collected in step S200 with the preset optimal environmental range based on a preset temperature, humidity, and dose linkage model. An environmental correction coefficient is determined based on the comparison results, and this coefficient is used to correct the baseline ultraviolet radiation dose determined in step S100, thereby calculating the target ultraviolet radiation dose required for the current work area.

[0032] Step S400: Decouple calculation of ultraviolet output power. The central control module 30 acquires the current real-time moving speed of the mobile platform and the effective irradiation width of the ultraviolet radiation module 40. Based on the target ultraviolet radiation dose calculated in step S300, combined with the real-time moving speed and effective irradiation width, the real-time output power required by the ultraviolet lamp array in the ultraviolet radiation module 40 is calculated in reverse, thereby achieving decoupled control of radiation dose and moving speed.

[0033] Step S500: Perform irradiation and data traceability. The central control module 30 generates control commands based on the calculated real-time output power to adjust the output intensity of the ultraviolet radiation module 40, thereby irradiating the crops with ultraviolet light. Simultaneously, the data positioning module 50 acquires the current geographical location information and timestamp of the operation. The central control module 30 associates and stores the disease level, ambient temperature data, relative humidity data, target ultraviolet radiation dose, actual dose, geographical location information, and timestamp, generating an operation traceability report.

[0034] In step S100, the disease monitoring module 10 specifically adopts a fluorescence detection architecture based on ultraviolet excitation or visible light emission (UV / VIS). This disease monitoring module 10 mainly consists of an excitation light source unit, a spectral acquisition unit, an optical path transmission unit, and a signal processing unit. The excitation light source unit uses a narrowband ultraviolet light-emitting diode (UV-LED) array with a center wavelength of 390nm as the excitation source. The 390nm band is chosen as the excitation light because the effective excitation range for chlorophyll and most plant secondary metabolites is concentrated in the 300-400nm range (near-ultraviolet region), with the optimal range of 355-390nm being preferable. Far-ultraviolet wavelengths (<280nm) do not match the excitation spectrum of the target substance: on the one hand, it is difficult to effectively excite the characteristic fluorescence of chlorophyll (potentially leading to insufficient intensity of the 685 / 720nm peak); on the other hand, it may excite the fluorescence of other non-target components in the leaves (such as cell wall polysaccharides), increasing background noise, reducing signal discrimination, and failing to meet the experimental requirement of quantifying disease detection through fluorescence peak values ​​and integrated values. The spectral acquisition unit uses a VIS / NIR miniature fiber optic spectrometer with a working wavelength range of 200nm to 1100nm, and its spectral resolution is better than 2nm, so as to ensure that the bimodal characteristics of chlorophyll fluorescence can be accurately distinguished.

[0035] The optical path transmission unit includes a Y-branched fiber optic probe or a coaxial optical path assembly. In its physical configuration, the disease monitoring module 10 is mounted on the front-end support of the mobile platform. The receiving end of the optical detection probe (i.e., the fiber optic probe) faces the crop canopy and is configured to maintain a non-contact detection distance from the crop leaf surface. This non-contact detection distance... The value range is set to The distance range is set to balance the energy density of the excitation spot and the stability of fluorescence signal acquisition: if the distance is less than 5cm, the probe or leaves are easily damaged by the swaying of crop branches and leaves during movement; if the distance is greater than 10cm, the excitation fluorescence signal is severely attenuated, resulting in a reduced signal-to-noise ratio and affecting the accuracy of subsequent disease feature extraction. Furthermore, to further reduce interference from ambient background light, the optical axis of the optical detection probe is set at an angle of 0° to 45° with the normal direction of the leaf surface, preferably perpendicular to the incident light.

[0036] All operations were conducted at night. Utilizing 250-285 nm UV-C can inhibit fungal DNA thymine dimer replication. Nighttime application (followed by ≥4 hours of darkness) avoids the activation of photolytic enzymes by blue-violet light to repair damage. The disease monitoring module also requires nighttime operation based on the Kautsky effect: under dark adaptation conditions, the fluorescence intensity emitted by leaves upon exposure to light initially increases and then decreases. Based on this principle, nighttime operation is necessary. When the excitation light source unit emits 390 nm ultraviolet excitation light onto the crop leaves, the biomolecules inside the leaves absorb photon energy, undergo energy level transitions, and emit fluorescence signals with wavelengths longer than the excitation light during de-excitation. For conventional signal transmission and photoelectric conversion processing, those skilled in the art can use existing fiber optic coupling and CCD / CMOS photoelectric conversion circuits. The signal conditioning and analog-to-digital conversion processes are well-known technologies in the field and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0037] The fluorescence spectral signals acquired by the spectrometer mainly contain two characteristic wavelength regions. The first characteristic region is the far-red light band with a wavelength range of 630 nm to 780 nm, which is the chlorophyll fluorescence band. Within this band, healthy green plant leaves typically exhibit two fluorescence emission peaks: a red peak (F690) with a center wavelength of approximately 690 nm and a far-red peak (F735) with a center wavelength of approximately 735 nm. The intensity and ratio of these two characteristic peaks are directly related to chlorophyll content and the integrity of the photosynthetic system. The second characteristic region is the blue-green light band with a wavelength range of 400 nm to 630 nm. The fluorescence in this band mainly originates from phenolic substances such as ferulic acid and chlorogenic acid, as well as secondary metabolites such as flavonoids. When crops are infected or stressed by fungal pathogens (such as powdery mildew and gray mold), the plant's defense mechanisms are activated, leading to the accumulation of secondary metabolites in the infected parts, thereby causing changes in the fluorescence intensity of this blue-green light band.

[0038] Through the aforementioned optical acquisition configuration, the disease monitoring module 10 can continuously acquire raw fluorescence spectral data of the crop canopy along the operating path. .in The wavelength is indicated. To eliminate systematic errors caused by minor fluctuations in detection distance and drift in light source intensity, the raw spectral data needs to be normalized or baseline-corrected before calculating specific disease characteristics. The acquired spectral data is transmitted in real time to the central control module 30 via a data bus for quantification and determination of disease severity in subsequent steps. This non-destructive detection method based on endogenous fluorescence can capture early pathological changes in crop physiology and biochemistry before visible lesions appear, providing highly sensitive data support for subsequent precise variable-rate application of pesticides (ultraviolet irradiation).

[0039] After receiving the raw fluorescence spectral data transmitted by the disease monitoring module 10, the central control module 30 executes signal demodulation and feature extraction algorithms. This process aims to transform high-dimensional spectral data into quantitative indicators that can characterize the pathological state of plants. Feature extraction mainly focuses on two key spectral dimensions: chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics and blue-green fluorescence characteristics.

[0040] Based on the fluorescence characteristics of chlorophyll, the fluorescence intensity peak at a wavelength near 690 nm in the spectrum located by the central control module 30 is... and the fluorescence intensity peak around 735nm. Based on these two characteristic peaks, the chlorophyll fluorescence ratio was calculated. This ratio is a sensitive parameter reflecting the chlorophyll content and photosynthetic efficiency of leaves. When crop leaves are infected by fungal pathogens such as powdery mildew, the pathogens damage the mesophyll cell structure, leading to chlorophyll degradation. Simultaneously, they hinder the photosynthetic electron transport chain, reducing fluorescence reabsorption at 690 nm, thus causing... The value increased. The calculation formula is shown below: ; In the formula, This represents the fluorescence emission intensity at a center wavelength of 690 nm; This represents the fluorescence emission intensity at a center wavelength of 735 nm.

[0041] Based on the blue-green fluorescence characteristics, the central control module 30 selects a specific integration interval from 500 nm to 625 nm. This interval corresponds to the characteristic emission band of secondary metabolites (including polyphenolic compounds, phytoalexins, and carotenoids, etc., defensive substances) produced by plants under biotic stress. The integrated value of blue-green fluorescence is obtained by integrating the spectral intensity within this band. It is used to quantify the strength of a crop's defense response to diseases. The calculation formula is shown below: ; In the formula, Represents wavelength, measured in nm; This represents the normalized spectral intensity function at the corresponding wavelength; the upper and lower limits of integration are 500 nm and 625 nm, respectively. In the lesion region, due to the accumulation of defensive secondary metabolites, the fluorescence signal intensity in this band... It will be higher than the healthy zone, resulting in a higher score. Increase.

[0042] Obtain feature indicators and Subsequently, the central control module 30 compares its real-time value with the health baseline threshold and pathological grading threshold preset in the memory. This embodiment uses a multi-parameter weighted or threshold range determination method to classify the degree of crop disease. It is divided into four discrete levels: disease-free level Low disease level Medium-level disease and high disease susceptibility level .

[0043] The specific grading determination logic is as follows: when and When all values ​​are within the preset health threshold range, the condition is determined to be at the disease-free level. ; when or If the disease level exceeds the health threshold but does not reach the moderate threshold, or if the comprehensive disease index is in the low range, it is judged as a low susceptibility level. ; When the characteristic indicators show abnormalities, falling between the moderate and severe thresholds, it is classified as a moderate level of illness. ; When the characteristic indicators exceed the severe threshold, indicating severe chlorophyll degradation or extreme accumulation of secondary metabolites, it is judged as a highly susceptible level. Based on the determined disease level The system establishes its relationship with the baseline ultraviolet radiation dose. The mapping relationship between these parameters is designed to achieve on-demand irradiation, avoiding ineffective irradiation of healthy plants or insufficient doses for severely diseased plants. The central control module 30 determines the current base dose based on the table below or the corresponding lookup logic. (Unit: J / m) 2 like (Without disease) J / m 2 ; like (Low susceptibility to disease), then J / m 2 ; like (For diseases contracted by the middle jiao), then J / m 2 ; like (High susceptibility to disease), then J / m 2 ; The numerical settings here are based on the energy threshold required to cause lethal damage to the DNA of fungal spores such as powdery mildew, while also taking into account the differences in fungal tolerance at different disease stages. Through the above steps, the system completes the quantitative process from optical signal acquisition to the determination of basic physical control parameters, providing benchmark data for subsequent dose dynamic correction combined with environmental parameters.

[0044] During the preprocessing stages of steps S200 and S300, the environmental sensing module 20 performs real-time acquisition and status determination of the operational microenvironment parameters. The core component of this module is a high-precision integrated temperature and humidity sensor, configured to simultaneously measure the air temperature data of the operational area. (Unit: °C) and relative humidity data (Unit: %RH).

[0045] Considering the thermal effect generated by the ultraviolet radiation module 40 during operation, the installation location of the temperature and humidity sensor is subject to specific spatial constraints to prevent thermal radiation from interfering with the accuracy of environmental parameters. The sensor is physically isolated from the heat dissipation channels of the ultraviolet lamp array and installed on the windward side of the mobile platform or on a structural component with a heat-insulating shield, ensuring that the measured data reflects only the natural microenvironment around the crop canopy, rather than the residual heat from the equipment's operation. For the sensor's data communication interface and underlying driver protocol, those skilled in the art can use standard I2C, SPI bus, or analog output methods. Data frame parsing is a conventional technique in this field and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0046] The central control module 30 internally stores a pre-calibrated environmental baseline model. This model is constructed based on the propagation and attenuation characteristics of ultraviolet light in the air and the photobiological sensitivity characteristics of pathogenic fungi, and includes two key numerical range definitions: the optimal temperature range. and optimal humidity range In this embodiment, the optimal temperature range Defined as a closed interval [20, 40], i.e. The lower limit of 20℃ and the upper limit of 40℃ in this range are determined based on the thermal characteristic curve of the luminous efficiency of the ultraviolet light source. Within this range, the light source can maintain its nominal radiant flux. Optimal humidity range Defined as a closed interval [40, 60], i.e. The setting of this range is intended to balance the transmission loss of ultraviolet light with the hydration state of pathogens: when the humidity is below 40%, some fungal spores enter a dehydrated dormant state, resulting in enhanced radiation tolerance; when the humidity is above 60%, the scattering and absorption of short-wave ultraviolet light (UV-C) by water vapor molecules and aerosols in the air is enhanced, resulting in a decrease in the effective dose reaching the crop surface.

[0047] The data judgment logic is executed by the central control module 30 through a comparison algorithm. The system reads the current temperature data in real time. and relative humidity data This is then mapped to the aforementioned preset interval. The decision process follows AND logic: only if the condition is met... At this point, the system determines the current working environment to be in optimal condition, and the negative impact of environmental factors on the prevention and control effect is considered negligible. If the conditions are met... When either temperature or humidity deviates from its optimal range, the system determines the current operating environment to be suboptimal. This determination generates an environmental status flag, which serves as a direct trigger signal for whether to introduce supplementary coefficients in subsequent dose calculation steps. This range-based real-time threshold determination mechanism establishes the system's perception boundary for dynamic environmental changes, providing a quantitative basis for achieving accurate dose compensation.

[0048] In step S300, the central control module 30 executes the target ultraviolet radiation dose based on the environmental state determination result obtained in step S200. The calculation of this step is crucial, as it involves introducing an environmental correction factor. This coefficient is used to determine the baseline ultraviolet radiation dose based solely on the severity of the disease. Dynamic corrections are made to compensate for the reduction in sterilization efficiency caused by suboptimal environmental conditions.

[0049] Environmental correction factor The numerical values ​​are selected according to a preset temperature, humidity, and dosage linkage model. This model is based on a nonlinear mapping relationship between environmental parameters and ultraviolet radiation effectiveness. When the working environment is determined to be in optimal condition, i.e., the temperature data... Temperatures between 20°C and 40°C and relative humidity data When the environmental correction factor is between 40% and 60%, the system determines that the current physical environment is conducive to ultraviolet transmission and pathogen inactivation, and no additional radiation energy is required. At this point, the environmental correction factor... Set to a baseline value of 1.0. This applies when the operating environment is deemed suboptimal, i.e., temperature data. Temperatures below 20°C or above 40°C, or relative humidity data When the impedance is less than 40% or greater than 60%, the system identifies an increase in environmental impedance. To overcome the scattering loss of photons by the air medium and the enhanced tolerance of pathogens at low or high temperatures, the model forcibly introduces radiation redundancy, adjusting the environmental correction coefficient accordingly. Set to 1.2.

[0050] The above logic can be mathematically described by the following formula: ; In the formula, This refers to the ambient temperature, expressed in °C. Relative humidity, in %; This represents the logical AND operation; This indicates a logical OR operation. The formula specifies the coefficient when environmental parameters deviate from the preset optimal range boundaries. The logic of step change.

[0051] Environmental correction factors were determined. Then, the central control module 30 calls the current disease level. Corresponding baseline ultraviolet radiation dose The baseline dose It is derived from the product of the baseline dose and the environmental correction factor (i.e., J / m 2 , J / m 2 , J / m 2 , J / m 2 ).

[0052] Ultimate target ultraviolet radiation dose It is derived from the product of the baseline dose and the environmental correction factor, as shown in the formula below: ; In the formula, This indicates the corrected target radiation dose, expressed in J / m². 2 ; This represents the baseline radiation dose, expressed in J / m². 2 Through this linkage correction model, the system achieves closed-loop optimization of operational parameters. For example, when the crop is detected to be at a moderate susceptibility level (…), the system can optimize the parameters accordingly. J / m 2） And encountering high humidity environments (such as When the concentration reaches 70%, the system will automatically increase the target dose to 102 J / m². 2（ Right now This ensures that the effective biological effect dose reaching the crop surface remains above the expected sterilization threshold, avoiding control failure due to environmental factors. This calculation process is executed cyclically in milliseconds within the central control module 30, ensuring real-time response of the output dose to changes in the microenvironment during the process.

[0053] In step S400, the central control module 30 executes a decoupled control strategy based on speed priority and power coordination. This strategy aims to address the problem that the mobile platform cannot maintain a constant speed due to the complex and variable farmland operating environment (such as muddy soil causing wheel slippage and inconsistent furrow width requiring frequent course adjustments). Traditional constant power operation modes can cause drastic fluctuations in radiation dose when speed fluctuates (slower speed leads to seedling burn, while faster speed leads to incomplete sterilization). In this embodiment, by monitoring the moving speed in real time and using it as an uncontrolled independent input variable, the output power of the ultraviolet radiation module 40 is dynamically adjusted to ensure that the cumulative radiation energy per unit area is always locked at the target value.

[0054] Specifically, the mobile platform is equipped with a speed detection unit to collect the platform's speed relative to the ground in real time. (Unit: m / s). The speed detection unit can be implemented as an incremental rotary encoder mounted on the drive wheel shaft, or it can reuse the calculated data from the data positioning module in different modes.

[0055] When a rotary encoder is used, the central control module 30 calculates the linear velocity by counting the number of pulses per unit time and combining this with the wheel diameter. When speed measurement is performed based on the data positioning module, different calculation strategies are adopted according to the operating scenario: in a field environment (GNSS mode), the ground speed is calculated using the Global Navigation Satellite System receiver unit through Doppler frequency shift or differential positioning data; in a greenhouse environment (SLAM mode), the travel speed is obtained by calculating the rate of change of coordinate displacement per unit time based on the real-time positioning results of SLAM technology on an offline map. To eliminate the interference of instantaneous speed fluctuations on the control system, the central control module 30 performs moving average filtering or Kalman filtering on the acquired raw speed signal to obtain a smooth real-time travel speed. .

[0056] In obtaining real-time movement speed Then, the central control module 30 calls the device structure parameters pre-stored in the register, namely the effective irradiation width of the ultraviolet radiation module 40. (Unit: m). This is the effective irradiation width. Defined as the effective radiation coverage length of an array of ultraviolet lamps projected onto the surface of the crop canopy perpendicular to the direction of travel.

[0057] The target ultraviolet radiation dose calculated based on step S300 The central control module 30 establishes a physical balance equation between radiation dose, moving speed, and output power. During dynamic operation, the radiation dose received per unit area equals the product of the total radiant flux of the ultraviolet light source and the irradiation time, divided by the irradiated area. Based on this physical principle, the real-time output power required by the ultraviolet lamp array is derived. The calculation model is as follows. This model reflects the linear following characteristic of power with speed, and its calculation formula is shown in the following formula: ; In the formula, The value represents the total radiation output power required by the entire lamp array in the ultraviolet radiation module 40, expressed in watts (W). This indicates the target ultraviolet radiation dose after environmental correction, expressed in joules per square meter (J / m²). Indicates the effective irradiation width, in meters (m); This indicates the real-time movement speed of the mobile platform, measured in meters per second (m / s).

[0058] Combining the aforementioned steps S100 and S300 regarding The above formula can be further expanded into a complete control equation that includes disease severity and environmental factors, as shown in the following formula: ; In the formula, To determine the current disease level The baseline dose is obtained from a table. Through this decoupled control model, the system can achieve adaptive compensation for changes in movement speed. For example, when the mobile platform's speed decreases to half its normal speed while traversing muddy terrain, the system calculates the required power based on the formula. It will also automatically reduce to half of the original power, thereby ensuring the final radiation dose applied to the crop surface. The control logic maintains a constant speed. This removes the constraint of operating speed on application accuracy, allowing operators or autonomous driving systems to control vehicle speed entirely based on road safety requirements without worrying about dosage uniformity. The hardware connection of the signal acquisition circuit and the development of the underlying driver are standard techniques in the field of embedded control, and those skilled in the art can implement them directly based on the above logic; therefore, they will not be elaborated upon further.

[0059] Real-time output power After numerical calculation, the central control module 30 converts the power value into an electrical signal executable by the physical circuit. In this embodiment, the ultraviolet radiation module 40 uses pulse width modulation (PWM) technology to control the radiation intensity of the ultraviolet lamp array. PWM dimming technology achieves continuous adjustment of the average output power by rapidly switching the power supply on and off states, utilizing the integral effect of the human eye or biological tissue, and adjusting the proportion of the on-time throughout the entire cycle (i.e., the duty cycle).

[0060] The central control module 30 is equipped with a PWM signal generator. This is used to calculate the real-time output power. Converted into the corresponding PWM duty cycle signal The system has preset the rated maximum output power of the ultraviolet radiation module 40 in its memory. This is the rated maximum output power. These are fixed parameters determined by the physical characteristics of all ultraviolet emitting units (such as UV-LED beads) in the lamp array and the power supply limits of the driving circuit.

[0061] Duty cycle The calculation follows the principle of linear power mapping. The central control module 30 will output power in real time. With rated maximum output power Perform the ratio calculation and standardize it to a percentage form. The formula is shown below: ; In the formula, This indicates the duty cycle of the control signal output to the drive circuit, with a value ranging from 0% to 100%. The required power calculated based on the movement speed and environmental factors in the preceding steps is expressed in watts (W). This is the system's rated maximum power, expressed in watts (W).

[0062] Taking into account extreme working conditions that may occur in actual operations, such as excessively high travel speeds of the mobile platform, the calculated power demand may be affected. Exceeding the maximum power the hardware can provide The central control module 30 performs amplitude limiting logic before the output signal. When the calculation result is displayed... At that time, the system forcibly increases the duty cycle. Set as This refers to the full-power output state, which ensures that the maximum radiation dose within the system's capability range is provided at this speed.

[0063] To eliminate nonlinear errors in the driving circuit and the light-emitting device itself, and to improve dimming accuracy, the central control module 30 introduces a linearity correction step before generating the final PWM waveform. Since the luminous output flux of a UV-LED is not absolutely linearly related to the driving current or duty cycle, the system internally stores a pre-calibrated duty cycle luminous flux correction mapping table. The central control module 30 calculates the theoretical duty cycle based on the formula. As an index, look up the corresponding corrected duty cycle in the mapping table. The corrected value will then be used as the final control command.

[0064] During the signal execution phase, the central control module 30 will include a duty cycle correction. The digital control signal is sent to the power drive unit of the ultraviolet radiation module 40. The power drive unit includes high-speed power switching devices (such as MOSFETs or IGBTs) and a constant current drive circuit. After receiving the control signal, the power drive unit controls the power switching devices to perform high-frequency switching on and off at a preset modulation frequency (usually set above 1kHz to avoid flickering and ensure output stability).

[0065] When the power switching device is turned on, the power supply provides a constant operating current to the UV lamp array; when the power switching device is turned off, the current is cut off. By changing the length of the on-time within a modulation cycle, the equivalent average radiant power of the UV lamp array can be precisely controlled within the calculated range. Numerically, for the specific circuit topology of the power drive unit, those skilled in the art can use a Buck-type step-down circuit or a Boost-type step-up circuit in conjunction with a PWM control chip. The circuit connections and component selection are standard techniques in the field of power electronics and will not be elaborated upon here. This process achieves a precise conversion from a digital calculation model to physical light radiation intensity, ensuring that the actual ultraviolet dose received by crops strictly adheres to agronomic requirements.

[0066] In step S500, the system performs a closed-loop operation from physical irradiation control to digital information archiving. To achieve full traceability of the farmland operation process and to provide spatial distribution data for subsequent agronomic analysis, the central control module 30, in conjunction with the data positioning module 50, performs fusion processing of multi-source heterogeneous data.

[0067] The data positioning module 50 is physically integrated at the top center of the mobile platform. It integrates a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver unit, a SLAM computing unit, and a real-time clock (RTC) unit. It is configured with two selectable working modes to adapt to different operating scenarios: when the mobile platform is operating in an unobstructed field environment, the GNSS receiver unit is activated (configured to support BeiDou BDS or GPS satellite signals) to analyze the current longitude coordinates Lon and latitude coordinates Lat of the mobile platform in real time, with positioning accuracy better than sub-meter level. When the mobile platform operates in environments such as greenhouses where signals are blocked, SLAM (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping) technology is activated. Based on a pre-established offline map, feature matching is performed to analyze the current position coordinates of the mobile platform in the offline map coordinate system in real time.

[0068] Regardless of the mode, the real-time clock unit provides millisecond-level timestamps synchronized with Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). The data positioning module 50 sends positioning data frames containing current location information (latitude and longitude or map coordinates) and time information to the central control module 30 via a serial communication interface at a preset refresh frequency (e.g., 1Hz or 5Hz).

[0069] The data fusion process is based on a time synchronization or spatial grid triggering mechanism. The central control module 30 establishes a multi-dimensional operational data recording structure, which maps and associates disease monitoring data, environmental perception data, control decision data, and spatiotemporal positioning data within the same timeframe or spatial grid. Specifically, in each recording cycle, the central control module 30 retrieves the following key parameters from the registers of each submodule: the crop disease level determined by the disease monitoring module 10. (and its corresponding original feature indicators) and ); Ambient temperature collected by environmental sensing module 20 and relative humidity The target ultraviolet radiation dose calculated by step S300 ; and the timestamp provided by the data positioning module 50. and geographic coordinates .

[0070] In addition to the parameters set above, the central control module 30 also needs to calculate and record the actual dose to evaluate the quality of the operation. The actual dose reflects the actual ultraviolet radiation energy density received by the crop surface at the current moment. This parameter is derived by inverse calculation based on the actual output power (or the theoretical power corresponding to the current PWM command) fed back by the ultraviolet radiation module 40 and the moving speed. The calculation formula is shown below: ; In the formula, This indicates the actual dose administered, expressed in joules per square meter (J / m²). 2 ); This indicates the actual output power of the ultraviolet radiation module 40 at the current moment, in watts (W). This value is read by the current feedback sensor of the power drive unit or by the current PWM correction duty cycle. The conversion yields the result; The effective irradiation width is measured in meters (m). The current real-time moving speed is expressed in meters per second (m / s).

[0071] The central control module 30 encapsulates all the above parameters into a complete data frame. The logical structure of this data frame is represented in vector form: After the data frame is generated, it is transmitted to the onboard non-volatile memory for persistent storage. The memory runs a lightweight embedded database (such as SQLite) to manage massive amounts of job data in the form of structured tables. The database table structure includes time-indexed primary keys and spatial indexes to support fast retrieval and querying.

[0072] Based on the stored structured data, the system can generate visualized operation traceability reports. The central control module 30 or external host computer software reads historical records from the database and uses Geographic Information System (GIS) mapping technology to draw heat maps of farmland disease distribution and pesticide application trajectory maps. By comparing the target dosage at the same coordinate point... Compared with the actual dose The system can automatically identify areas of operational deviation. For example, if in a certain area... ( (Based on a preset allowable error threshold), the system will mark the area as a dose abnormality zone in the report, prompting the user to perform manual verification or remedial work. For the specific SQL read / write commands of the database and the hardware interface circuit of the storage medium, those skilled in the art can implement them according to common embedded data management technology standards; the specific code implementation falls within the scope of known technology and will not be elaborated upon here. This multi-dimensional data fusion and storage mechanism transforms instantaneous operational actions in the physical world into quantifiable and queryable digital assets, providing a data foundation for the long-term management and decision-making of precision agriculture.

[0073] After storing the field operation data, the system enters the data post-processing and application stage. This stage can be executed directly by the central control module 30 set on the mobile platform through the onboard display terminal, or by exporting the structured data packets in the memory to the external host computer management software for in-depth processing through wireless communication modules (such as 4G / 5G, Wi-Fi) or physical interfaces (such as USB, Ethernet).

[0074] The data processing terminal reads the full data record, including timestamps, geographic coordinates, disease severity, environmental parameters, target dose, and actual dose. To visually represent the spatial distribution of farmland diseases, the system executes a spatial interpolation algorithm to generate a continuous heatmap of disease distribution. Since the actual operational trajectory consists of discrete sampling points, to fill the spatial gaps between these points, the system uses inverse distance weighted interpolation or Kriging interpolation to interpolate the discrete disease severity data. Or specific fluorescence characteristic indicators ( , The heatmap is then reconstructed using a grid. In the generated heatmap, different color levels correspond to different degrees of disease severity; for example, green is used to represent disease-free areas. The yellow color level indicates areas with low susceptibility to the disease. The orange color gradation indicates the diseased area. The red color level indicates areas with high susceptibility to the disease. This visualized spatial distribution map helps agricultural managers quickly identify disease clusters and spread trends, enabling them to develop regional control strategies. In terms of operational quality assessment, the system uses recorded target ultraviolet radiation doses... Compared with the actual dose Perform a compliance analysis. Although the aforementioned power-speed decoupling control strategy aims to maintain a constant dose, in actual operation, severe vibrations of the moving platform, sudden speed changes exceeding the adjustment range, or hardware failures can cause the actual dose to deviate from the target value. Therefore, the system calculates the dose deviation rate at each sampling point. This deviation rate is used to quantify the accuracy of pesticide application, and its calculation formula is shown below: ; In the formula, This indicates the dose deviation rate, expressed as a percentage (%). This is the actual dose administered, in J / m³. 2 ; The target radiation dose is expressed in J / m². 2 .

[0075] The system has a preset allowable deviation threshold. (For example, set to 10%). The system iterates through all data points and... The coordinates of these points are marked as job anomaly points. Based on these anomaly points, the system generates a job quality analysis report. In the report, if consecutive anomalies appear... Furthermore, trajectory segments with excessive deviations are marked by the system as under-dose areas, indicating a risk of incomplete sterilization and suggesting targeted reapplication; if continuous deviations occur... Furthermore, the system marks the trajectory segments with deviations exceeding the limit as overdose areas, indicating that it is necessary to check whether there is light stress damage to the crops in that area.

[0076] Furthermore, based on historical operational data accumulated over a long period, the system supports multi-dimensional correlation analysis. This includes analyzing ambient temperature data. relative humidity Disease level By analyzing the evolution over time, the system can correct the aforementioned environmental baseline model and optimize the boundary settings of the optimal temperature and humidity range. Simultaneously, by comparing the changes in disease severity before and after multiple applications on the same plot, the system can calculate the control effectiveness, thereby reversibly evaluating the effectiveness of the current dosage model. For the graphics rendering engine calls and database statistical query statements involved in the above data processing, those skilled in the art can use existing GIS development libraries (such as GDAL and OpenLayers) and data analysis libraries. The specific software engineering coding is a conventional technique in the field of computer applications and will not be elaborated upon here. Through the above report generation and application process, this embodiment transforms a one-time application action into a reviewable and optimizable digital agricultural management closed loop.

Claims

1. A method for efficiently controlling crop diseases using ultraviolet light, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S100: During the movement of the mobile platform, the disease monitoring module uses ultraviolet light to irradiate the leaves in the dark environment and uses UV / VIS fluorescence detection technology to detect the crop leaves and obtain fluorescence spectrum data; the central control module receives the fluorescence spectrum data and calculates the fluorescence characteristic index, classifies the current disease severity of the crop into different levels according to the preset classification standards, and matches the corresponding basic ultraviolet radiation dose according to the determined disease level. Step S200: Use the environmental sensing module to collect the ambient temperature and relative humidity data of the current working location, and transmit the collected data to the central control module; Step S300: The central control module compares the ambient temperature data and the relative humidity data with the preset optimal environmental range based on the preset temperature, humidity and dose linkage model, determines the environmental correction coefficient based on the comparison result, and uses the environmental correction coefficient to correct the basic ultraviolet radiation dose, and calculates the target ultraviolet radiation dose required for the current working area. Step S400: The central control module obtains the current real-time moving speed of the mobile platform and the effective irradiation width of the ultraviolet radiation module. Based on the target ultraviolet radiation dose, combined with the real-time moving speed and the effective irradiation width, it calculates in reverse the real-time output power required by the ultraviolet lamp array in the ultraviolet radiation module. Step S500: The central control module generates control commands based on the calculated real-time output power, adjusts the output intensity of the ultraviolet radiation module, and irradiates the crops with ultraviolet light; at the same time, the data positioning module obtains the current geographical location information and timestamp of the operation, and the central control module stores the operation data in association.

2. The method for efficiently controlling crop diseases using ultraviolet light according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S100, the fluorescence characteristic indicators include chlorophyll fluorescence ratio and blue-green fluorescence integral value; The process by which the central control module calculates the fluorescence characteristic index includes: Locate the fluorescence intensity peaks at wavelengths of 690 nm and 735 nm in the fluorescence spectral data, and calculate the ratio of the fluorescence intensity peaks at wavelengths of 690 nm and 735 nm as the chlorophyll fluorescence ratio. The wavelength range of 500 nm to 625 nm was selected as the integration interval, and the spectral intensity within the wavelength range was integrated to obtain the blue-green fluorescence integral value. The central control module compares the chlorophyll fluorescence ratio and the blue-green fluorescence integral value with preset health benchmark thresholds and pathological grading thresholds, and classifies the disease severity into four levels: no disease, low susceptibility, moderate susceptibility, or high susceptibility.

3. The method for efficiently controlling crop diseases using ultraviolet light according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S300, the specific logic of the preset temperature, humidity, and dosage linkage model is as follows: The optimal environmental range includes an optimal temperature range of 20 degrees Celsius to 40 degrees Celsius and an optimal humidity range of 40% to 60%. When the ambient temperature data is within the optimal temperature range and the relative humidity data is within the optimal humidity range, the working environment is determined to be in the optimal environmental state, and the environmental correction coefficient is set to 1.

0. When the ambient temperature data is less than 20 degrees Celsius or greater than 40 degrees Celsius, or the relative humidity data is less than 40% or greater than 60%, the working environment is determined to be in an unoptimal state, and the environmental correction factor is set to 1.

2. The target ultraviolet radiation dose is equal to the product of the base ultraviolet radiation dose and the environmental correction factor.

4. The method for efficiently controlling crop diseases using ultraviolet light according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step S100, the mapping relationship for matching the corresponding basic ultraviolet radiation dose based on the determined disease level is as follows: If the disease level is no disease, then the basic ultraviolet radiation dose is 0 joules per square meter; If the disease level is low susceptibility, the basic ultraviolet radiation dose is 68 joules per square meter. If the disease level is moderately susceptible, the basic ultraviolet radiation dose is 85 joules per square meter. If the disease level is highly susceptible, the basic ultraviolet radiation dose is 170 joules per square meter.

5. The method for efficiently controlling crop diseases using ultraviolet light according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S400, the real-time output power is equal to the product of the target ultraviolet radiation dose, the effective irradiation width, and the real-time moving speed.

6. The method for efficiently controlling crop diseases using ultraviolet light according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step S500, adjusting the output intensity of the ultraviolet radiation module specifically employs pulse width modulation (PWM) technology. The process of PWM technology includes: The central control module calculates the ratio between the real-time output power and the rated maximum output power of the ultraviolet radiation module, and converts the calculation result into a percentage to obtain the theoretical duty cycle. When the real-time output power is greater than the rated maximum output power, the theoretical duty cycle is forcibly set to 100%. The central control module uses the theoretical duty cycle as an index to look up the corresponding corrected duty cycle in a pre-calibrated duty cycle luminous flux correction mapping table, and sends a digital control signal containing the corrected duty cycle information to the power drive unit of the ultraviolet radiation module.

7. The method for efficiently controlling crop diseases using ultraviolet light according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S100, when the disease monitoring module detects crop leaves, the receiving end face of the optical detection probe of the disease monitoring module faces the crop canopy and is configured to maintain a non-contact detection distance from the surface of the crop leaves. The value of the non-contact detection distance is in the range of 5 cm to 10 cm. The optical axis of the optical detection probe is set at an angle of 0 degrees to 45 degrees with the normal direction of the leaf surface. The excitation light source unit of the disease monitoring module is a narrow-band ultraviolet light-emitting diode array, and the ultraviolet wavelength of the excitation light source is 355 nm to 390 nm.

8. The method for efficiently controlling crop diseases using ultraviolet light according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S500, the data positioning module has two operating modes: When the mobile platform is in a field environment, the current longitude and latitude coordinates of the mobile platform are analyzed by the Global Navigation Satellite System receiving unit; When the mobile platform is in a greenhouse environment, SLAM technology is used to analyze the current position coordinates of the mobile platform in the offline map based on a pre-established offline map; The data positioning module provides a timestamp through a real-time clock unit in both working modes; The central control module establishes a multi-dimensional operation data recording structure, which encapsulates the disease level, the ambient temperature data, the relative humidity data, the target ultraviolet radiation dose, the actual dose, the longitude and latitude coordinates, the location coordinates in the offline map, and the timestamp into a complete data frame, and transmits it to a non-volatile memory for persistent storage.

9. A method for efficiently controlling crop diseases using ultraviolet light according to claim 8, characterized in that, The actual dose is calculated as follows: Obtain the actual output power of the ultraviolet radiation module at the current moment; The actual dose is obtained by calculating the ratio of the actual output power to the product of the effective irradiation width and the real-time moving speed.

10. A method for efficiently controlling crop diseases using ultraviolet light according to claim 9, characterized in that, It also includes steps for generating job traceability reports based on stored data and evaluating job quality, specifically including: The central control module calculates the dose deviation rate for each sampling point. The dose deviation rate is the ratio of the absolute value of the difference between the actual executed dose and the target ultraviolet radiation dose to the target ultraviolet radiation dose, multiplied by 100%. The central control module traverses all data points, and if the dose deviation rate is greater than the preset allowable deviation threshold of 10%-15%, it is marked as an abnormal operation point. In the operation traceability report, if a continuous trajectory segment occurs where the actual executed dose is less than the target ultraviolet radiation dose and the dose deviation rate exceeds the limit, the central control module marks it as an underdose region; if a continuous trajectory segment occurs where the actual executed dose is greater than the target ultraviolet radiation dose and the dose deviation rate exceeds the limit, the central control module marks it as an overdose region.

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