Wedge-shaped flow guide efficient dust remover inlet air uniform distribution system based on fluid mechanics optimization

Abstract

The invention discloses an air inlet uniform distribution system of a wedge-shaped flow guide efficient dust remover based on fluid mechanics optimization, and particularly relates to the technical field of dust removal and environmental protection. By arranging a front-section flow guide plate group, a middle-section flow guide plate group and a rear-section flow guide plate group of which the intervals are gradually reduced, and arranging a dust sliding guide surface at the lower end of each flow guide plate, coarse-particle dust slides down along the guide surface after being impacted step by step; a dust falling channel is arranged at the bottom of the dust hopper to receive sliding dust, and a standing sedimentation area isolated from a main airflow field is constructed in the channel through an airflow sealing partition plate and an inclined airflow baffle; a one-way dust discharging valve which is in linkage control with a pulse dust cleaning signal is arranged at the bottom of the channel, so that the dust is periodically and safely discharged; through the synergistic effect of graded flow guiding, independent receiving, standing isolation and linkage ash discharging, the technical problems that the pre-sedimentation efficiency of coarse particle dust in an ash hopper of an existing bag type dust collector is low, and settled dust is prone to secondary dust raising are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of dust removal and environmental protection technology, and more specifically, to a wedge-shaped flow guide high-efficiency dust collector air inlet uniform distribution system based on fluid dynamics optimization. Background Technology

[0002] Baghouse dust collectors, as core equipment for industrial flue gas treatment, are widely used in industries such as metallurgy, building materials, and power. Hopper inlet is the most common inlet method used in large baghouse dust collectors. The dust-laden airflow enters the upper part of the hopper through the inlet duct and then turns to enter the filter bag filtration area. Coarse dust particles in the airflow can partially settle to the bottom of the hopper due to inertial impaction.

[0003] However, in actual operation, the airflow direction inside the ash hopper changes sharply, forming a large-scale vortex zone. The rising airflow not only carries unsettled dust into the filter bag area, but also sucks up the dust that has already been deposited at the bottom of the ash hopper, causing serious secondary dust pollution. During pulse cleaning, the pressure fluctuations caused by compressed air blowing the filter bags further aggravate the back mixing of dust.

[0004] While existing technologies incorporate baffles within the dust hopper to optimize airflow distribution, conventional baffles only improve airflow direction and cannot effectively guide the captured coarse dust particles out of the main airflow field. The separated dust remains exposed to the rising airflow, lacking an independent receiving channel and a static space isolated from the main airflow field, and further lacking a dust discharge control mechanism coordinated with the cleaning disturbance. Therefore, achieving efficient collection, directional conveying, static isolation, and safe discharge of coarse dust particles under dust hopper inlet conditions has become a key technical challenge for optimizing airflow organization in baghouse dust collectors. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the aforementioned deficiencies of the prior art, this invention provides a wedge-shaped guide high-efficiency dust collector with uniform air distribution based on fluid dynamics optimization. This system utilizes guide plates with progressively decreasing spacing, combined with a dust-sliding guide surface, to achieve graded collection and directional transport of coarse particles. An independent dust collection channel, along with airflow sealing baffles and inclined airflow baffles, creates a static settling zone. Finally, dust is safely discharged through ash discharge control linked to a pulse cleaning signal, thus solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a wedge-shaped flow guide high-efficiency dust collector inlet air distribution system based on fluid dynamics optimization, comprising: The graded flow guiding module is used to separate coarse dust particles in the dust-laden airflow step by step and directionally transport them to the dust collection channel inlet along the dust sliding guide surface, outputting a directional dust flow. By sequentially setting a front section guide plate group, a middle section guide plate group, and a rear section guide plate group inside the dust hopper along the flow direction of the dust-laden airflow, and gradually decreasing the spacing between adjacent longitudinal guide plates in each group, and extending the lower end of each longitudinal guide plate towards the bottom of the dust hopper to form a dust sliding guide surface inclined towards the bottom of the dust hopper, the coarse dust particles in the dust-laden airflow are impacted by the longitudinal guide plates step by step under the action of inertia and then slide down along the dust sliding guide surface, resulting in a dust flow directionally guided to the dust collection channel inlet. Dust collection module: Used to collect dust that slides down the dust sliding guide surface and enclose it in an independent dust collection channel, outputting information on the enclosed dust-containing space and the dust accumulation status within the channel; by setting a dust collection channel at the bottom of the ash hopper near the air inlet, the upper opening of the dust collection channel is located directly below the lower edge of the dust sliding guide surface of the last longitudinal guide plate in the rear guide plate group, used to collect dust that slides down the dust sliding guide surface, and the lower opening of the dust collection channel leads to the ash storage area at the bottom of the ash hopper, thus obtaining information on the enclosed dust-containing space and the dust accumulation height within the dust collection channel over time; Isolation and sealing module: Used to construct a static settling zone completely isolated from the main airflow field between the dust collection channel and the ash hopper filtration area, outputting the pressure status and airflow isolation status of the static settling zone; by setting an airflow sealing baffle between the dust collection channel and the ash hopper filtration area, the upper end of the airflow sealing baffle is fixedly connected to the lower edge of the dust sliding guide surface of the last longitudinal guide plate in the rear section guide plate group, and the lower end and two sides of the airflow sealing baffle are respectively sealed and fixedly connected to the bottom surface and two side walls of the ash hopper; and an inclined airflow baffle is set at the top opening of the dust collection channel, the upper edge of the inclined airflow baffle is fixedly connected to the lower end of the last longitudinal guide plate in the rear section guide plate group, so that the lower edge of the inclined airflow baffle extends into the interior of the dust collection channel, and a gap is left between the lower edge of the inclined airflow baffle and the upper edge of the airflow sealing baffle to form an entrance for dust to enter the dust collection channel, thus obtaining a static settling zone completely isolated from the main airflow field and real-time pressure monitoring data in this area; Ash discharge control module: Used to control the opening and closing of one-way ash discharge valve according to the dust accumulation height, pressure status and pulse cleaning signal, to periodically discharge the dust accumulated in the static settling zone to the ash hopper storage area, and output the periodically discharged dust flow; by setting a one-way ash discharge valve at the bottom of the dust collection channel, and linking the opening and closing of the one-way ash discharge valve with the pulse cleaning signal of the dust collector, when the pulse cleaning controller sends a cleaning signal, the one-way ash discharge valve is kept closed to avoid the cleaning disturbance period. When the pulse cleaning controller stops cleaning and the dust accumulation height in the dust collection channel reaches a preset threshold, the one-way ash discharge valve is automatically opened. At the same time, the ash discharge process is judged by the real-time pressure status of the static settling zone, and the dust accumulated in the static settling zone is discharged into the ash hopper storage area to obtain the periodically discharged dust flow.

[0007] Preferably, in the graded flow guiding module, the spacing between adjacent longitudinal flow guiding plates in the front flow guiding plate group is determined according to the Stokes number theory, so that coarse dust particles with a particle size greater than 100μm are captured by inertial collision at the front flow guiding plate group; the spacing between adjacent longitudinal flow guiding plates in the middle flow guiding plate group is used to capture medium dust particles with a particle size between 50μm and 100μm at the middle flow guiding plate group; and the spacing between adjacent longitudinal flow guiding plates in the rear flow guiding plate group is used to capture fine dust particles with a particle size less than 50μm at the rear flow guiding plate group.

[0008] Preferably, in the graded flow guiding module, the angle between the dust sliding guide surface and the longitudinal flow guide plate surface is greater than the supplementary angle corresponding to the static friction angle between the dust and the steel plate, so that the dust separated after the collision slides continuously along the dust sliding guide surface under the action of gravity without being sucked up by the rising airflow.

[0009] Preferably, in the dust receiving module, the inlet width of the dust collection channel is obtained by multiplying the maximum horizontal displacement of the dust when it detaches from the dust sliding guide surface by a safety factor. The maximum horizontal displacement is determined by calculating the dust detachment speed, the angle between the dust sliding guide surface and the horizontal plane, and the vertical distance from the detachment point to the inlet of the dust collection channel.

[0010] Preferably, in the dust collection module, the cross-sectional area of ​​the dust collection channel is gradually reduced in the vertical direction to form a tapered channel. The top cross-sectional area of ​​the tapered channel is larger than the bottom cross-sectional area, so that the airflow entering the dust collection channel gradually increases in speed as it flows downward, forming a downward airflow barrier.

[0011] Preferably, in the isolation sealing module, the gap width between the lower edge of the inclined airflow baffle and the upper edge of the airflow sealing partition satisfies the condition that dust can pass through smoothly and that the rising airflow in the ash hopper filtration area can be blocked from entering. The specific value of this gap is determined by local resistance coefficient calculation or experimental measurement.

[0012] Preferably, in the isolation and sealing module, a drainage hole is provided at the bottom of the dust collection channel. The diameter and number of the drainage holes are determined according to the small amount of downward airflow required to suppress thermal convection in the channel, so that the downward airflow velocity provided by the drainage holes is sufficient to suppress natural convection and does not affect dust settling.

[0013] Preferably, in the ash unloading control module, the preset threshold for the dust accumulation height in the dust collection channel is calculated based on half of the product of the channel bottom width and the tangent of the dust repose angle, and the accumulation height is detected by a capacitive level electrode installed on the side wall of the dust collection channel or a weighing sensor installed on the bottom surface of the channel to determine whether the accumulation height has reached the preset threshold.

[0014] Preferably, in the ash discharge control module, the opening duration of the one-way ash discharge valve is calculated based on the ratio of the volume of dust accumulated in the dust discharge channel to the rated ash discharge flow rate of the one-way ash discharge valve. During the opening process, the pressure difference between the channel and the ash storage area of ​​the ash hopper is monitored in real time. When the pressure difference is less than a preset threshold, the one-way ash discharge valve is closed in advance.

[0015] Preferably, when the ash hopper is provided with multiple dust collection channels, the ash discharge control module assigns a ash discharge start time offset relative to a reference clock to the one-way ash discharge valve corresponding to each dust collection channel, so that each one-way ash discharge valve opens sequentially at a preset time interval to discharge ash in a staggered manner.

[0016] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows: (1) This invention sets up front, middle and rear guide plate groups with progressively decreasing spacing, and extends the lower end of each longitudinal guide plate to form a dust sliding guide surface that slopes towards the bottom of the ash hopper. This allows coarse dust particles of different sizes in the dust-laden airflow to collide with the guide plates step by step under inertia and slide down the guide surface in a directional manner, thus achieving efficient graded collection of coarse dust particles before they enter the filter bag area. By setting a dust collection channel on the side of the bottom of the ash hopper near the air inlet, and ensuring that the upper opening of the channel is precisely located directly below the lower edge of the guide surface of the last guide plate, it ensures that all dust sliding down the guide surface enters an independent dust collection channel, effectively solving the problem that the separated dust in the traditional ash hopper is easily re-entrained by the rising airflow.

[0017] (2) This invention sets up an airflow sealing baffle between the dust collection channel and the ash hopper filtration area, and seals and fixes the baffle to the bottom surface and side walls of the ash hopper. At the same time, it sets up an inclined airflow baffle at the top opening of the dust collection channel, leaving a gap between the lower edge of the baffle and the upper edge of the baffle to form a dust inlet, thus creating a static settling area completely isolated from the main airflow field in the dust collection channel. By setting up a one-way ash discharge valve at the bottom of the dust collection channel and controlling it in conjunction with the pulse cleaning signal, the ash discharge valve is kept closed during the cleaning period to avoid disturbance. When the dust stops and the dust accumulation reaches the threshold, the ash discharge is automatically opened. The ash discharge process is judged by combining the pressure state of the static settling area, so as to realize the periodic safe discharge of dust, completely eliminate the hidden danger of secondary dust generation of settled dust, significantly reduce the filter bag load, and extend the filter bag service life. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0020] At the same time, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to actual scale.

[0021] The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the scope of this application and its application or use.

[0022] Techniques, methods, and equipment known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and equipment should be considered part of the specification.

[0023] See Figure 1 The present invention provides an overall structural schematic diagram, and the present invention provides as follows: Figure 1 The wedge-shaped flow guide high-efficiency dust collector inlet air distribution system shown includes: The graded flow guiding module is used to separate coarse dust particles in the dust-laden airflow step by step and directionally transport them to the dust collection channel inlet along the dust sliding guide surface, outputting a directional dust flow. By sequentially setting a front section guide plate group, a middle section guide plate group, and a rear section guide plate group inside the dust hopper along the flow direction of the dust-laden airflow, and gradually decreasing the spacing between adjacent longitudinal guide plates in each group, and extending the lower end of each longitudinal guide plate towards the bottom of the dust hopper to form a dust sliding guide surface inclined towards the bottom of the dust hopper, the coarse dust particles in the dust-laden airflow are impacted by the longitudinal guide plates step by step under the action of inertia and then slide down along the dust sliding guide surface, resulting in a dust flow directionally guided to the dust collection channel inlet. Furthermore, the spacing between adjacent longitudinal guide vanes in the front section guide vane assembly is determined based on Stokes number theory. Specifically, the Stokes number is a dimensionless number characterizing the relationship between particle inertial force and fluid resistance; its magnitude determines whether particles can detach from the streamline and collide with obstacles. When the Stokes number is greater than a certain critical value, particles detach from the streamline and collide with the guide vane due to sufficiently large inertial force, thus being captured. When the Stokes number is less than the critical value, particles continue to move around the guide vane with the airflow. Based on this principle, a critical Stokes number is set for the coarse dust particles to be captured, and the upper limit of the guide vane spacing is derived by using the definition formula of the Stokes number. In specific calculations, parameters such as particle density, particle diameter, airflow velocity, and gas dynamic viscosity need to be obtained. After substituting these parameters into the Stokes number formula and setting the critical value, the corresponding guide vane spacing can be solved. Using the same method, the corresponding upper limit of the guide vane spacing is calculated for dust particles of different size ranges, thereby determining the spacing range of the front, middle, and rear guide vane assemblies.

[0024] Furthermore, the angle between the dust-falling guide surface and the longitudinal guide plate needs to meet specific geometric relationships to ensure that the intercepted dust can slide smoothly without being re-entrained by the rising airflow. Specifically, the angle between the dust-falling guide surface and the horizontal plane should be greater than the static friction angle between the dust and the steel plate. The static friction angle is a fundamental parameter in powder engineering, and it is determined by: evenly spreading the dust to be tested on a steel plate of the same material as the longitudinal guide plate, and slowly tilting the steel plate until the dust begins to slide. The angle between the steel plate and the horizontal plane at this point is the static friction angle between the dust and the steel plate. Since the dust-falling guide surface is a plane sloping towards the bottom of the ash hopper, its angle with the horizontal plane directly determines the magnitude of the driving force for the dust to slide down along this surface. When this angle is greater than the static friction angle, the component of gravity acting on the dust along the guide surface downwards is greater than the maximum static friction force, and the dust can slide continuously; conversely, if this angle is less than the static friction angle, the dust will stagnate on the guide surface and gradually accumulate, eventually potentially blocking the dust collection channel inlet. Therefore, this method sets the angle between the dust sliding guide surface and the horizontal plane to be greater than the static friction angle between the dust and the steel plate, thereby ensuring that the captured coarse dust particles slide continuously along the guide surface under the action of gravity and smoothly enter the dust collection channel.

[0025] Dust collection module: Used to collect dust that slides down the dust sliding guide surface and enclose it in an independent dust collection channel, outputting information on the enclosed dust-containing space and the dust accumulation status within the channel; by setting a dust collection channel at the bottom of the ash hopper near the air inlet, the upper opening of the dust collection channel is located directly below the lower edge of the dust sliding guide surface of the last longitudinal guide plate in the rear guide plate group, used to collect dust that slides down the dust sliding guide surface, and the lower opening of the dust collection channel leads to the ash storage area at the bottom of the ash hopper, thus obtaining information on the enclosed dust-containing space and the dust accumulation height within the dust collection channel over time; Furthermore, the inlet width of the dust collection channel needs to be precisely determined based on the trajectory of the dust particles after they detach from the guide surface and slide down, to ensure that all dust particles sliding down the guide surface can fall into the channel. The specific determination process is as follows: First, calculate the detachment velocity of the dust as it slides off the guide surface. During the dust's descent along the guide surface, gravity converts work into kinetic energy, while friction consumes some energy. The detachment velocity is determined by the vertical descent height, the guide surface inclination angle, and the static friction coefficient. The formula is: detachment velocity equals twice the product of gravitational acceleration and the vertical descent height multiplied by one, minus the square root of the difference between the product of the static friction coefficient and the cotangent of the guide surface inclination angle. Here, the vertical descent height refers to the vertical distance between the starting and ending points of the guide surface, the static friction coefficient is the tangent of the static friction angle between the dust and the steel plate, and the guide surface inclination angle refers to the angle between the guide surface and the horizontal plane. Next, calculate the horizontal displacement of the dust after it leaves the guide surface. After leaving the guide surface, the dust undergoes projectile motion, moving at a constant speed in the horizontal direction with the horizontal component of the departure velocity, and falling freely in the vertical direction. The horizontal displacement is determined by the horizontal component of the departure velocity, the falling height, and the acceleration due to gravity. The calculation formula is: the horizontal displacement equals the departure velocity multiplied by the cosine of the guide surface inclination angle, multiplied by twice the falling height, and divided by the square root of the acceleration due to gravity. Wherein, the falling height is the vertical distance from the end of the guide surface to the upper edge of the dust collection channel entrance. Finally, take the largest horizontal displacement value among all possible dust particle sizes, multiply it by a safety factor, and obtain the entrance width of the dust collection channel.

[0026] Isolation and sealing module: Used to construct a static settling zone completely isolated from the main airflow field between the dust collection channel and the ash hopper filtration area, outputting the pressure status and airflow isolation status of the static settling zone; by setting an airflow sealing baffle between the dust collection channel and the ash hopper filtration area, the upper end of the airflow sealing baffle is fixedly connected to the lower edge of the dust sliding guide surface of the last longitudinal guide plate in the rear section guide plate group, and the lower end and two sides of the airflow sealing baffle are respectively sealed and fixedly connected to the bottom surface and two side walls of the ash hopper; and an inclined airflow baffle is set at the top opening of the dust collection channel, the upper edge of the inclined airflow baffle is fixedly connected to the lower end of the last longitudinal guide plate in the rear section guide plate group, so that the lower edge of the inclined airflow baffle extends into the interior of the dust collection channel, and a gap is left between the lower edge of the inclined airflow baffle and the upper edge of the airflow sealing baffle to form an entrance for dust to enter the dust collection channel, thus obtaining a static settling zone completely isolated from the main airflow field and real-time pressure monitoring data in this area; In one possible embodiment, the lower edge of the inclined airflow baffle extends into the dust collection channel by a distance of 1 / 5 to 1 / 3 of the height of the dust collection channel.

[0027] Furthermore, the gap width between the lower edge of the inclined airflow baffle and the upper edge of the airflow sealing partition needs to meet two mutually restrictive conditions: first, to ensure that dust can pass smoothly through the gap and enter the dust collection channel; and second, to effectively block the rising airflow in the ash hopper filtration area from intruding into the dust collection channel.

[0028] Ash discharge control module: Used to control the opening and closing of one-way ash discharge valve according to the dust accumulation height, pressure status and pulse cleaning signal, to periodically discharge the dust accumulated in the static settling zone to the ash hopper storage area, and output the periodically discharged dust flow; by setting a one-way ash discharge valve at the bottom of the dust collection channel, and linking the opening and closing of the one-way ash discharge valve with the pulse cleaning signal of the dust collector, when the pulse cleaning controller sends a cleaning signal, the one-way ash discharge valve is kept closed to avoid the cleaning disturbance period. When the pulse cleaning controller stops cleaning and the dust accumulation height in the dust collection channel reaches a preset threshold, the one-way ash discharge valve is automatically opened. At the same time, the ash discharge process is judged by the real-time pressure status of the static settling zone, and the dust accumulated in the static settling zone is discharged into the ash hopper storage area to obtain the periodically discharged dust flow.

[0029] Furthermore, the preset threshold is predetermined based on the relationship between the channel bottom width and the dust repose angle. For example, the preset threshold is calculated based on half of the product of the channel bottom width and the tangent of the dust repose angle. The specific calculation formula is as follows: ,in The width of the bottom of the channel. For the dust to rest, The preset threshold value; Furthermore, in the graded flow guiding module, the spacing between adjacent longitudinal flow guiding plates in the front flow guiding plate group is determined according to the Stokes number theory, so that coarse dust particles with a particle size greater than 100μm are captured at the front flow guiding plate group under inertial collision conditions; the spacing between adjacent longitudinal flow guiding plates in the middle flow guiding plate group is used to capture medium-sized dust particles with a particle size between 50μm and 100μm; and the spacing between adjacent longitudinal flow guiding plates in the rear flow guiding plate group is used to capture fine dust particles with a particle size less than 50μm.

[0030] Furthermore, in the graded flow guiding module, the angle between the dust sliding guide surface and the longitudinal flow guide plate surface is greater than the supplementary angle corresponding to the static friction angle between the dust and the steel plate, so that the dust separated after the collision slides continuously along the dust sliding guide surface under the action of gravity without being sucked up by the rising airflow.

[0031] Furthermore, in the dust receiving module, the entrance width of the dust collection channel is obtained by multiplying the maximum horizontal displacement of the dust when it detaches from the dust sliding guide surface by a safety factor. The maximum horizontal displacement is determined by calculating the dust detachment speed, the angle between the dust sliding guide surface and the horizontal plane, and the vertical distance from the detachment point to the entrance of the dust collection channel.

[0032] Furthermore, in the dust collection module, the cross-sectional area of ​​the dust collection channel is gradually reduced in the vertical direction to form a tapered channel. The top cross-sectional area of ​​the tapered channel is larger than the bottom cross-sectional area, so that the airflow entering the dust collection channel gradually increases in speed as it flows downward, forming a downward airflow barrier.

[0033] Furthermore, in the isolation and sealing module, the gap width between the lower edge of the inclined airflow baffle and the upper edge of the airflow sealing partition satisfies the condition that dust can pass through smoothly and that the rising airflow in the ash hopper filtration area can be blocked from entering. The specific value of this gap is determined by local resistance coefficient calculation or experimental measurement.

[0034] In one possible embodiment, the specific method for determining the gap width through local drag coefficient calculation includes the following steps: Determine the allowable intrusion air flow rate, which is set based on the volume of the dust collection channel and the settling time required for the dust in the settling zone; According to the flow continuity equation, the average airflow velocity at the gap is obtained by dividing the allowable intrusion flow rate by the product of the gap length and the gap width to be determined. A local resistance loss equation is established, whereby the local resistance loss of airflow passing through the gap is equal to half the local resistance coefficient multiplied by the square of the gas density and the airflow velocity at the gap. The local resistance coefficient is selected based on an empirical value according to the shape of the inlet structure formed by the inclined airflow baffle and the airflow sealing partition. The known pressure difference between the ash hopper filtration zone and the dust collection channel is used as the local resistance loss, and the airflow velocity at the gap is deduced by substituting it into the local resistance loss equation. Then, the obtained airflow velocity is substituted into the flow continuity equation to deduce the gap width. Finally, the calculated gap width is checked to see if it is greater than the maximum particle size of the dust being treated, so as to meet the dust passage requirements.

[0035] Furthermore, in the isolation and sealing module, a drainage hole is provided at the bottom of the dust collection channel. The diameter and number of the drainage holes are determined according to the small amount of downward airflow required to suppress thermal convection in the channel, so that the downward airflow velocity provided by the drainage holes is sufficient to suppress natural convection without affecting dust settling.

[0036] Furthermore, in the ash unloading control module, the preset threshold for the dust accumulation height in the dust collection channel is calculated based on half of the product of the channel bottom width and the tangent of the dust repose angle, and the accumulation height is detected by a capacitive level electrode installed on the side wall of the dust collection channel or a weighing sensor installed on the bottom surface of the channel to determine whether the accumulation height has reached the preset threshold.

[0037] Furthermore, in the ash discharge control module, the opening duration of the one-way ash discharge valve is calculated based on the ratio of the volume of dust accumulated in the dust discharge channel to the rated ash discharge flow rate of the one-way ash discharge valve. During the opening process, the pressure difference between the channel and the ash storage area of ​​the ash hopper is monitored in real time. When the pressure difference is less than a preset threshold, the one-way ash discharge valve is closed in advance.

[0038] In conclusion, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency dust collector inlet air distribution system based on fluid dynamics optimization with wedge-shaped flow guide, characterized in that, include: Graded flow guiding module: By setting three sets of longitudinal flow guiding plates with decreasing spacing in the front, middle and rear along the airflow direction in the ash hopper, and setting an inclined dust sliding guide surface at the lower end of each flow guiding plate, coarse dust particles are impacted step by step and slide down along the guide surface to the dust falling channel inlet. Dust collection module: Used to collect dust that slides down the dust guide surface and enclose it in an independent dust collection channel, outputting information on the enclosed dust-containing space and the dust accumulation status in the channel; Isolation and sealing module: An airflow sealing baffle is set between the dust collection channel and the ash hopper filtration area. The upper end of the airflow sealing baffle is fixedly connected to the lower edge of the dust sliding guide surface of the last longitudinal guide plate in the rear section guide plate group. The lower end and two sides of the airflow sealing baffle are respectively sealed and fixedly connected to the bottom surface and two side walls of the ash hopper. An inclined airflow baffle is set at the top opening of the dust collection channel. The upper edge of the inclined airflow baffle is fixedly connected to the lower end of the last longitudinal guide plate in the rear section guide plate group. The lower edge of the inclined airflow baffle extends into the dust collection channel, and a gap is left between the lower edge of the inclined airflow baffle and the upper edge of the airflow sealing baffle to form an entrance for dust to enter the dust collection channel. This results in a static settling area that is completely isolated from the main airflow field and real-time pressure monitoring data in this area. Ash discharge control module: By setting a one-way ash discharge valve at the bottom of the dust collection channel, and linking the opening and closing of the one-way ash discharge valve with the pulse cleaning signal of the dust collector, the one-way ash discharge valve is kept closed during cleaning to avoid the cleaning disturbance period. When ash is stopped and the material level reaches the threshold, the one-way ash discharge valve is automatically opened. The ash discharge process is judged by the pressure, and the dust in the static area is discharged into the ash hopper storage area to achieve periodic ash discharge.

2. The inlet air distribution system of the wedge-shaped flow guide high-efficiency dust collector based on fluid dynamics optimization according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the graded flow guiding module, the spacing between adjacent longitudinal guide plates in the front section guide plate group is determined by the Stokes number theory to ensure that coarse dust particles with a diameter greater than 100μm are captured by inertial collision at the front section guide plate group; the spacing between adjacent longitudinal guide plates in the middle section guide plate group ensures that medium-sized dust particles with a diameter between 50μm and 100μm are captured at the middle section guide plate group; and the spacing between adjacent longitudinal guide plates in the rear section guide plate group ensures that fine dust particles with a diameter less than 50μm are captured at the rear section guide plate group.

3. The inlet air distribution system of the wedge-shaped flow guide high-efficiency dust collector based on fluid dynamics optimization according to claim 2, characterized in that, In the graded flow guiding module, the angle between the dust sliding guide surface and the longitudinal flow guide plate is greater than the supplementary angle corresponding to the static friction angle between the dust and the steel plate, so that the dust separated after the collision slides continuously along the dust sliding guide surface under the action of gravity without being sucked up by the rising airflow.

4. The inlet air distribution system of the wedge-shaped flow guide high-efficiency dust collector based on fluid dynamics optimization according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the dust collection module, the entrance width of the dust collection channel is determined by multiplying the maximum horizontal displacement of the dust when it detaches from the dust and slides down the guide surface by a safety factor. The maximum horizontal displacement is calculated by the dust detachment speed, the angle between the dust sliding guide surface and the horizontal plane, and the vertical distance from the detachment point to the entrance of the dust collection channel.

5. The inlet air distribution system of the wedge-shaped flow guide high-efficiency dust collector based on fluid dynamics optimization according to claim 4, characterized in that, In the dust collection module, the cross-sectional area of ​​the dust collection channel gradually decreases in the vertical direction to form a narrowing channel. The cross-sectional area at the top of the narrowing channel is larger than that at the bottom, so that the airflow entering the dust collection channel gradually increases in speed as it flows downward, forming a downward airflow barrier.

6. The inlet air distribution system of the wedge-shaped flow guide high-efficiency dust collector based on fluid dynamics optimization according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the isolation and sealing module, the gap width between the lower edge of the inclined airflow baffle and the upper edge of the airflow sealing partition satisfies the condition that dust can pass through smoothly and that the rising airflow in the ash hopper filtration area can be blocked from entering. The specific value of this gap is determined by local resistance coefficient calculation or experimental measurement.

7. The inlet air distribution system of the wedge-shaped flow guide high-efficiency dust collector based on fluid dynamics optimization according to claim 6, characterized in that, In the isolation and sealing module, drainage holes are set at the bottom of the dust collection channel. The diameter and number of drainage holes are determined according to the small amount of downward airflow required to suppress thermal convection in the channel, so that the downward airflow velocity provided by the drainage holes is sufficient to suppress natural convection without affecting dust settling.

8. The inlet air distribution system of the wedge-shaped flow guide high-efficiency dust collector based on fluid dynamics optimization according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the ash discharge control module, the preset threshold for the dust accumulation height in the dust collection channel is calculated based on half of the product of the bottom width of the channel and the tangent of the dust repose angle. The accumulation height is then detected by a capacitive level electrode installed on the side wall of the dust collection channel or a weighing sensor installed on the bottom of the channel to determine whether the preset threshold has been reached.

9. The inlet air distribution system of the wedge-shaped flow guide high-efficiency dust collector based on fluid dynamics optimization according to claim 7, characterized in that, In the ash discharge control module, the opening duration of the one-way ash discharge valve is calculated based on the ratio of the volume of dust accumulated in the dust discharge channel to the rated ash discharge flow rate of the one-way ash discharge valve. During the opening process, the pressure difference between the channel and the ash storage area of ​​the ash hopper is monitored in real time. When the pressure difference is less than the preset threshold, the one-way ash discharge valve is closed in advance.

10. The inlet air distribution system of the wedge-shaped flow guide high-efficiency dust collector based on fluid dynamics optimization according to claim 9, characterized in that, When multiple dust collection channels are provided in the ash hopper, in the ash discharge control module, a dust discharge start time offset relative to the reference clock is assigned to the one-way ash discharge valve corresponding to each dust collection channel, so that each one-way ash discharge valve opens sequentially at a preset time interval to discharge ash in a staggered manner.

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