Powder making device for neodymium-iron-boron magnet sintering raw material processing

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of chemical crushing, and particularly relates to a powder making device for neodymium-iron-boron magnet sintering raw material processing. Comprising a raw material pretreatment mechanism, a sealed crushing unit, an airflow grinding unit and a cloth bag filter. According to the invention, a cooperative structure of the raw material pretreatment mechanism, the sealed crushing unit, the airflow grinding unit and the cloth bag filter is arranged, and auxiliary structures such as a sealed feeding rotating wheel, a dial wheel and grooved wheel intermittent transfer structure and a Venturi tube mixed flow acceleration structure are matched; by adopting an integrated mode of inert gas whole-process protection, sealed type grading processing, quantitative transfer cooperation and airflow accurate grinding, the technical problems that in an existing neodymium-iron-boron magnet powder making device, raw materials are prone to being oxidized, the flow sealing performance is poor, the granularity control precision is low, the transfer quantificaiton is poor, and the airflow grinding efficiency is low are solved. The powder preparation effects of high powder purity, uniform particle size distribution, stable and efficient processing and environment friendliness are achieved, and the preparation requirements of high-end neodymium-iron-boron magnets are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material preparation technology, specifically referring to a powder-making device for processing raw materials for neodymium iron boron magnet sintering. Background Technology

[0002] Neodymium iron boron (NdFeB) magnets, as the highest-performing permanent magnet material currently available, are widely used in high-end manufacturing fields such as new energy vehicles, wind power generation, and electronic information. In the preparation of sintered NdFeB magnets, the raw material powder preparation stage directly determines the magnetic properties, density, and mechanical properties of the magnets—key indicators such as the uniformity of powder particle size distribution, sphericity, and purity significantly affect the quality of subsequent molding and sintering processes, ultimately limiting the core performance of the magnet products.

[0003] Existing NdFeB magnet sintering raw material powder preparation equipment generally suffers from the following technical defects: First, the raw materials are prone to oxidation reactions with oxygen in the air during processing, generating oxidized impurities, reducing powder purity, and consequently deteriorating the final magnet performance. Second, insufficient sealing of the powder preparation process not only exacerbates oxidation problems but may also lead to powder leakage, resulting in raw material waste and environmental harm. Third, poor coordination between crushing and grinding stages leads to low precision in raw material particle size control, easily resulting in coarse particle residue or over-grinding, and uneven particle size distribution. Fourth, the inability to achieve quantitative and controllable transfer during raw material transportation causes fluctuations in subsequent processing loads, affecting powder preparation stability. Fifth, insufficient uniformity of mixing between raw materials and airflow during air jet milling results in low grinding efficiency, and large raw material particles tend to accumulate and cannot be fully ground. These problems collectively lead to low product qualification rates and limited production efficiency in existing powder preparation equipment, making it difficult to meet the requirements for the preparation of high-end NdFeB magnets. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the above issues and overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a powder-making device for processing raw materials for NdFeB magnet sintering. To solve the problems of easy oxidation of raw materials, poor process sealing, low particle size control accuracy, poor quantitative transfer, and low grinding efficiency in existing powder-making devices, this invention adopts an integrated approach that includes inert gas protection throughout the process, sealed graded processing, coordinated quantitative transfer, and precise airflow grinding. It features a synergistic structure of a raw material pretreatment mechanism, a sealed crushing unit, an airflow grinding unit, and a bag filter, achieving controllable raw material oxidation, a fully sealed processing flow, uniform particle size distribution, stable and efficient transfer, and thorough grinding.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows: This invention provides a powder-making device for processing raw materials for NdFeB magnet sintering, including a raw material pretreatment mechanism, a sealed crushing unit, an air jet milling unit, and a bag filter. The raw material pretreatment mechanism, the sealed crushing unit, the air jet milling unit, and the bag filter are located on the ground and connected in sequence. The sealed crushing unit includes a crushing chamber located on the ground. The crushing chamber is rotatably connected to symmetrical elastic telescopic plates. The bottom of the symmetrical elastic telescopic plates is connected to a crushing platform. Symmetrical crushing rollers are rotatably connected below the crushing platform. Both ends of the symmetrical crushing rollers are connected to ratchet gears. The inner ring of the ratchet gear is a ratchet, and the outer ring of the ratchet gear is a gear. This unit is the core module for realizing the primary crushing of raw materials. The sealed cavity design ensures an inert environment. The synergistic structure of the elastic telescopic plates and the crushing rollers guides and precisely crushes the raw materials, providing uniformly sized pretreated raw materials for subsequent air jet milling. This is the basic processing structure for improving the overall particle size accuracy of powder making.

[0006] Furthermore, the raw material pretreatment mechanism includes an oxygen replacement device, a transition transfer device, and a gas cooler. The oxygen replacement device is located on the ground, the transition transfer device is connected to the top of the oxygen replacement device, and the gas cooler is located at the bottom of the oxygen replacement device. As a pretreatment module in the powder making process, this mechanism provides an inert and low-temperature raw material environment for subsequent processing through oxygen replacement and pre-cooling, thereby avoiding oxidation risks from the source and ensuring the quality of raw materials in subsequent crushing and grinding processes. It is the basic guarantee structure for achieving full-process inert protection.

[0007] Furthermore, the oxygen replacement device includes a replacement channel, an inclined spiral conveyor, a gas delivery channel, a delivery motor, a delivery drive wheel, and a delivery follower wheel. The replacement channel is located on the ground, and the inclined spiral conveyor is rotatably mounted within the replacement channel. The top of the inclined spiral conveyor is equipped with a top kit, and the bottom of the inclined spiral conveyor is equipped with a bottom kit. A reinforcing shaft connects the blades of the inclined spiral conveyor. The gas delivery channel and the replacement channel are connected through each other. The delivery motor is located at the top of the replacement channel, and the delivery drive wheel is driven by the output end of the delivery motor. The delivery follower wheel is fixedly connected to the top kit. This device is the core actuator of the raw material pretreatment mechanism. Through the synergistic design of the inclined spiral conveyor conveying and the counter-current filling of inert gas, it achieves full replacement of raw materials with oxygen while ensuring stable raw material delivery, providing pure raw materials for subsequent transfer and processing. It is a key structure for inhibiting raw material oxidation.

[0008] Furthermore, the top of the replacement channel is connected to a discharge channel, and the bottom of the replacement channel is connected to a feed channel. The feed channel is connected to a hopper, and a rotatable cover plate is connected to the hopper. A feeding wheel is rotatably installed inside the feed channel, and a feeding motor is installed on the side wall of the feed channel. The feeding wheel is driven by the output end of the feeding motor. This feeding structure realizes sealed quantitative feeding of raw materials, which not only avoids air infiltration during the feeding process and damages the inert environment, but also adjusts the feeding rate through the controllable rotation of the feeding wheel, ensuring a stable load for the subsequent oxygen replacement process. It is the initial guarantee structure for realizing fully sealed and quantitative processing.

[0009] Furthermore, the transition transfer device includes a transition channel, a transition wheel, a grooved wheel, a dial wheel, and a drive wheel motor. The transition channel is connected to the top of the oxygen replacement device. The transition wheel is rotatably disposed within the transition channel. The grooved wheel is fixedly connected to the transition wheel. The drive wheel motor is disposed on the side wall of the transition channel. The dial wheel is drivenly connected to the output end of the drive wheel motor. The grooved wheel is drivenly connected to the dial wheel. This device serves as a connecting structure between the raw material pretreatment and the sealed crushing unit. Through an intermittent sealed transfer design, it achieves stable transfer of raw materials while ensuring that the inert environment is not damaged, avoiding leakage and oxidation during the raw material transfer process. At the same time, it matches the feeding requirements of subsequent crushing processes. It is a key connecting structure to ensure the sealing and processing synergy of the entire process.

[0010] Furthermore, the crushing chamber is equipped with a crushing rack, which meshes with a ratchet gear. A hydraulic arm is also provided within the crushing chamber, with its extension end fixed to the bottom of the crushing platform. The top of the crushing chamber is connected to the discharge port of the transition channel. This structure is the core of the power transmission and control of the sealed crushing unit. Through the coordinated action of the hydraulic arm drive and the one-way locking of the ratchet gear, the directional and stable crushing action of the crushing roller is achieved. Simultaneously, the crushing intensity can be adjusted by extending and retracting the hydraulic arm to adapt to the crushing requirements of different raw materials. This is a key transmission structure ensuring the stability and flexibility of the crushing process.

[0011] Furthermore, the airflow grinding unit includes a pneumatic conveyor and a grinding device. The grinding device is located on the ground, and the pneumatic conveyor is connected to the side wall of the grinding device. The pneumatic conveyor is also connected to the discharge port of the crushing chamber. As the core module for fine processing in the powder making process, this unit achieves stable conveying and airflow mixing of the crushed raw materials through the pneumatic conveyor, and completes the fine grinding of the raw materials in conjunction with the grinding device, processing the raw materials after primary crushing to the target particle size. It is the core processing structure to ensure the final powder particle size index.

[0012] Furthermore, the grinding device includes a grinding chamber, an impact wheel, an impact shaft, and a filter wheel. The grinding chamber is located on the ground, the impact shaft is located at the bottom of the grinding chamber, the impact wheel is located on the impact shaft, and the filter wheel is rotatably located at the top of the grinding chamber. This device is the core component for fine grinding and screening in the air jet milling unit. It achieves fine crushing of raw materials through the high-speed impact of the impact wheel, and completes the screening and separation of powders with qualified particle size in conjunction with the filter wheel, avoiding over-crushing and coarse particle residue. It is a key fine processing structure to ensure the uniformity of powder particle size.

[0013] Furthermore, the pneumatic conveyor includes a pneumatic channel, a venturi tube, and an injection pipe. The pneumatic channel is connected to the grinding chamber, and the venturi tube is located inside the pneumatic channel. The middle part of the venturi tube is connected to the discharge port of the crushing chamber. The two ends of the injection pipe are respectively connected to the outlet end of the venturi tube and the grinding chamber. This device is the core component for conveying and mixing in the airflow grinding unit. It achieves uniform mixing of raw materials and inert gas through the hydrodynamic characteristics of the venturi tube, and provides sufficient kinetic energy for raw material grinding in conjunction with the acceleration effect of the injection pipe. At the same time, it ensures the stable delivery of raw materials to the grinding chamber. It is a key conveying and power guarantee structure for achieving efficient and uniform airflow grinding.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the powder-making device for processing raw materials for NdFeB magnet sintering provided in this solution are as follows: (1) In response to the problem of easy oxidation of raw materials during processing, an inert gas full-process filling and replacement method is adopted. An oxygen replacement device, a gas cooler and a sealed connection structure are set up to achieve the technical effect of inert gas protection throughout the process from feeding to grinding of raw materials, effectively suppressing oxidation reaction and improving powder purity. This solves the technical problem of oxidized impurities affecting magnet performance. (2) In response to the problem of insufficient sealing in the powder making process, a fully sealed design is adopted, which includes a sealed crushing chamber, a sealed transition transfer channel and a sealed feeding wheel structure. This achieves the technical effect of no powder leakage and no air infiltration during the processing, and solves the technical problems of raw material waste, environmental hazards and accelerated oxidation caused by poor sealing. (3) To address the problem of low particle size control accuracy, a graded crushing and precise grinding method is adopted. A crushing roller structure guided by an elastic telescopic plate, an impact wheel grinding mechanism, and a filter screen wheel screening structure are set up. This achieves the technical effect of uniform and controllable raw material particle size, avoiding coarse particle residue and over-crushing, and solving the technical problem of uneven particle size distribution affecting magnet forming and sintering quality. (4) To address the problem of poor quantitative transfer of raw materials, the feeding wheel and grooved wheel are used for intermittent transmission. The feeding wheel driven by the feeding motor and the transition wheel structure of the feed wheel-groove wheel are set up to achieve quantitative and stable transfer of raw materials and avoid the technical effect of subsequent processing load fluctuation. This solves the technical problems of low powdering efficiency and poor product consistency caused by unstable transfer. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a powder-making device for processing raw materials for NdFeB magnet sintering, as proposed in this invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the raw material pretreatment mechanism; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the sealed crushing unit. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the air jet milling unit; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of an oxygen replacement device; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the transition and transfer device. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a pneumatic conveyor. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the grinding device. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the gas delivery channel. Figure 10 for Figure 9 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0016] The components include: 1. Raw material pretreatment unit; 2. Sealed crushing unit; 3. Air jet mill unit; 4. Bag filter; 101. Oxygen replacement device; 102. Transition and transfer device; 103. Gas cooler; 104. Replacement channel; 105. Inclined screw conveyor; 106. Reinforcing shaft; 107. Top assembly; 108. Bottom assembly; 109. Gas delivery channel; 110. Conveyor motor; 111. Conveyor drive wheel; 112. Conveyor follower wheel; 113. Hopper; 114. Feed channel; 115. Feeding impeller; 116. Feeding motor. 117. Discharge channel; 118. Transition channel; 119. Transition wheel; 120. Grooved wheel; 121. Dial wheel; 122. Drive wheel motor; 201. Crushing chamber; 202. Elastic telescopic plate; 203. Crushing platform; 204. Crushing roller; 205. Ratchet gear; 206. Hydraulic arm; 207. Crushing rack; 301. Pneumatic conveyor; 302. Grinding device; 303. Pneumatic channel; 304. Venturi tube; 305. Injection pipe; 306. Grinding chamber; 307. Impact wheel; 308. Impact shaft; 309. Filter wheel.

[0017] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0020] like Figures 1-10 As shown, the present invention provides a powder-making device for processing raw materials for sintering neodymium iron boron magnets, including a raw material pretreatment mechanism 1, a sealed crushing unit 2, an air jet milling unit 3, and a bag filter 4. The raw material pretreatment mechanism 1, the sealed crushing unit 2, the air jet milling unit 3, and the bag filter 4 are located on the ground and are connected in sequence.

[0021] The raw material pretreatment mechanism 1 includes an oxygen replacement device 101, a transition transfer device 102, and a gas cooler 103. The oxygen replacement device 101 is located on the ground, the transition transfer device 102 is connected to the top of the oxygen replacement device 101, and the gas cooler 103 is located at the bottom of the oxygen replacement device 101. The oxygen replacement device 101 includes a replacement channel 104, an inclined screw conveyor 105, a gas delivery channel 109, a conveying motor 110, a conveying drive wheel 111, and a conveying follower wheel 112. The replacement channel 104 is located on the ground, and the inclined screw conveyor 105 is rotatably located within the replacement channel 104. The top of the inclined screw conveyor 105 is equipped with a top sleeve 107, and the bottom of the inclined screw conveyor 105 is equipped with a bottom sleeve 108. A reinforcing shaft 106 connects the blades of the inclined screw conveyor 105. The gas delivery channel 109 is connected to the replacement channel 104. The conveying motor 110 is located at the top of the replacement channel 104, and the conveying drive wheel 111 is connected to the conveying motor 110. The output drive connection is provided, and the conveyor follower wheel 112 is fixedly connected to the top assembly 107; the top of the replacement channel 104 is connected to the discharge channel 117, and the bottom of the replacement channel 104 is connected to the feed channel 114, which is connected to the hopper 113. A rotatable cover plate is connected to the hopper 113. A feeding wheel 115 is rotatably installed inside the feed channel 114, and a feeding motor 116 is installed on the side wall of the feed channel 114. The feeding wheel 115 is driven by the output end of the feeding motor 116. The transition transfer device 102 includes a transition channel 118, a transition wheel 119, a grooved wheel 120, a dial wheel 121, and a drive wheel motor 122. The transition channel 118 is connected to the top of the oxygen replacement device 101. The transition wheel 119 is rotatably disposed within the transition channel 118. The grooved wheel 120 is fixedly connected to the transition wheel 119. The drive wheel motor 122 is disposed on the side wall of the transition channel 118. The dial wheel 121 is drivenly connected to the output end of the drive wheel motor 122. The grooved wheel 120 is drivenly connected to the dial wheel 121.

[0022] The sealed crushing unit 2 includes a crushing chamber 201, which is located on the ground. The crushing chamber 201 is rotatably connected to symmetrical elastic telescopic plates 202. The bottom of the symmetrical elastic telescopic plates 202 is connected to a crushing platform 203. The crushing platform 203 is rotatably connected to symmetrical crushing rollers 204. The two ends of the symmetrical crushing rollers 204 are connected to ratchet gears 205. The inner ring of the ratchet gears 205 is a ratchet, and the outer ring of the ratchet gears 205 is a gear. The crushing chamber 201 is provided with a crushing rack 207, which meshes with the ratchet gears 205. The crushing chamber 201 is provided with a hydraulic arm 206. The telescopic end of the hydraulic arm 206 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the crushing platform 203. The top of the crushing chamber 201 is connected to the discharge port of the transition channel 118.

[0023] The airflow grinding unit 3 includes a pneumatic conveyor 301 and a grinding device 302. The grinding device 302 is located on the ground. The pneumatic conveyor 301 is connected to the side wall of the grinding device 302 and is also connected to the discharge port of the crushing chamber 201. The grinding device 302 includes a grinding chamber 306, an impact wheel 307, an impact shaft 308, and a filter wheel 309. The grinding chamber 306 is located on the ground, and the impact shaft 308 is located at the bottom of the grinding chamber 306. 07 is mounted on the impact shaft 308, and the filter wheel 309 is rotatably mounted on the top of the grinding chamber 306; the pneumatic conveyor 301 includes a pneumatic channel 303, a venturi tube 304 and an injection pipe 305. The pneumatic channel 303 is connected to the grinding chamber 306, the venturi tube 304 is located inside the pneumatic channel 303, and the middle part of the venturi tube 304 is connected to the discharge port of the crushing chamber 201. The two ends of the injection pipe 305 are respectively connected to the outlet end of the venturi tube 304 and the grinding chamber 306.

[0024] In practical use, inert gas is first introduced into the gas cooler 103 to lower the gas temperature. Then, the inert gas enters from the top of the gas delivery channel 109 and begins to fill the replacement channel 104. Simultaneously, raw materials are added to the hopper 113. After the addition is complete, the cover of the hopper 113 is closed. The pretreatment operation begins by starting the feeding motor 116, which drives the feeding wheel 115 to rotate. The feeding wheel 115 adds the raw materials from the hopper 113 to the bottom of the replacement channel 104. The conveying motor 110 is then started, driving the conveying drive wheel 111. The rotating conveyor drive wheel 111 drives the conveyor follower wheel 112 to rotate, which in turn drives the top assembly 107 to rotate. The top assembly 107, the inclined screw conveyor 105, and the bottom assembly 108 are integrated and rotate synchronously. The inclined screw conveyor 105 lifts the material at the bottom of the replacement channel 104 from bottom to top. The inclination angle of the inclined screw conveyor 105 limits the amount that can be conveyed per revolution. During the lifting process, because the opening of the inclined angle of the inclined screw conveyor 105 is upward, while the inert gas is conveyed downward, the material is lifted from the bottom. Due to the Coanda effect (also known as the wall adhesion effect, which refers to the phenomenon that when a fluid flows over a convex curved surface, it deviates from its original straight-line motion and instead adheres to and flows along the curved surface), when the inert gas fills downward through the blades of the inclined screw conveyor 105, the pressure increases at the blade angle. This pressure causes the inert gas flow rate to slow down during filling, ensuring that the inert gas can fully contact the raw material. Furthermore, the inert gas concentration at the top of the replacement channel 104 is the highest, ensuring that the raw material remains in an inert gas-protected environment throughout the subsequent conveying process; thus completing the primary treatment. After the raw materials are transferred, the drive wheel motor 122 is started. The drive wheel motor 122 drives the dial wheel 121 to rotate. The rotation of the dial wheel 121 drives the grooved wheel 120 to rotate. The rotation of the grooved wheel 120 drives the transition wheel 119 to rotate. The groove angle of the grooved wheel 120 is 90 degrees, that is, the grooved wheel 120 rotates 90 degrees for every one rotation of the dial wheel 121. The processed raw materials enter the transition channel 118 through the discharge channel 117. The transition wheel 119 rotates through the gap, and a sufficient amount of raw materials are collected in the transition wheel 119. The transition wheel 119 is used to transport the raw materials to the crushing chamber 201, while keeping the entire process sealed.The crushing operation begins. After the raw material enters the crushing chamber 201, it falls onto two sets of elastic telescopic plates 202, then slides between the crushing rollers 204 below. The distance between the two sets of crushing rollers 204 limits the maximum crushing size. The hydraulic arm 206 is cyclically activated, extending and causing the crushing platform 203 to move upwards. The ratchet gear 205 rotates counterclockwise relative to the crushing rack 207. The inner and outer rings of the ratchet gear 205 are locked, and the ratchet gear 205 rotates synchronously with the crushing rollers 204, using the crushing rollers 204 to crush the raw material. The hydraulic arm 206 retracts, causing the crushing platform 203 to move downwards. The ratchet gear 205 rotates clockwise. At this time, the inner and outer rings of the ratchet gear 205 are unlocked, and the inner and outer rings rotate separately, while the crushing rollers 204 do not rotate, achieving sealed crushing of the raw material while ensuring inert gas protection. The crushed raw material is then discharged from the bottom of the crushing chamber 201. The material enters the pneumatic conveyor 301, where inert gas fills the pneumatic channel 303. Passing through the venturi tube 304, the material enters the middle of the venturi tube 304 and is then sprayed into the grinding chamber 306 via the injection pipe 305 along with the inert gas. After entering the grinding chamber 306, smaller volumes of material are conveyed upwards by the airflow to the top of the grinding chamber 306, while larger volumes fall onto the impact wheel 307 below for impact crushing. The impact wheel 307 further crushes the material. Finally, all the material exits the grinding chamber 306 through the top filter wheel 309 and enters the bag filter 4, where it is filtered to obtain the finished product.

[0025] The above is the specific workflow of this invention. This step can be repeated next time it is used.

[0026] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0027] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention.

[0028] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above. This description is not restrictive, and the accompanying drawings are only one embodiment of the present invention; the actual structure is not limited thereto. In conclusion, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and design similar structures and embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, such designs should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A powder-making apparatus for processing raw materials for NdFeB magnet sintering, characterized in that: The system includes a raw material pretreatment mechanism (1), a sealed crushing unit (2), an air jet milling unit (3), and a bag filter (4). The raw material pretreatment mechanism (1), the sealed crushing unit (2), the air jet milling unit (3), and the bag filter (4) are located on the ground and connected in sequence. The sealed crushing unit (2) includes a crushing chamber (201). The crushing chamber (201) is located on the ground. The crushing chamber (201) is rotatably connected to a symmetrical elastic telescopic plate (202). The bottom of the symmetrical elastic telescopic plate (202) is connected to a crushing platform (203). The crushing platform (203) is rotatably connected to a symmetrical crushing roller (204). The two ends of the symmetrical crushing roller (204) are connected to ratchet gears (205). The inner ring of the ratchet gear (205) is a ratchet, and the outer ring of the ratchet gear (205) is a gear.

2. The powder-making apparatus for processing NdFeB magnet sintering raw materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw material pretreatment mechanism (1) includes an oxygen replacement device (101), a transition transfer device (102), and a gas cooler (103). The oxygen replacement device (101) is located on the ground. The transition transfer device (102) is connected to the top of the oxygen replacement device (101). The gas cooler (103) is located at the bottom of the oxygen replacement device (101).

3. The powder-making apparatus for processing NdFeB magnet sintering raw materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: The oxygen replacement device (101) includes a replacement channel (104), an inclined spiral conveyor (105), a gas delivery channel (109), a delivery motor (110), a delivery drive wheel (111), and a delivery follower wheel (112). The replacement channel (104) is located on the ground. The inclined spiral conveyor (105) is rotatably located within the replacement channel (104). The top of the inclined spiral conveyor (105) is provided with a top kit (107), and the bottom of the inclined spiral conveyor (105) is provided with a bottom kit (108). A reinforcing shaft (106) is connected between the blades of the inclined spiral conveyor (105). The gas delivery channel (109) is connected through the replacement channel (104). The delivery motor (110) is located at the top of the replacement channel (104). The delivery drive wheel (111) is connected to the output end of the delivery motor (110). The delivery follower wheel (112) is fixedly connected to the top kit (107).

4. The powder-making apparatus for processing NdFeB magnet sintering raw materials according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top of the replacement channel (104) is connected to the discharge channel (117), and the bottom of the replacement channel (104) is connected to the feed channel (114). The feed channel (114) is connected to the hopper (113), and a rotatable cover plate is connected to the hopper (113). A feeding wheel (115) is rotatably installed inside the feed channel (114), and a feeding motor (116) is installed on the side wall of the feed channel (114). The feeding wheel (115) is connected to the output end of the feeding motor (116) in a transmission connection.

5. The powder-making apparatus for processing NdFeB magnet sintering raw materials according to claim 4, characterized in that: The transition transfer device (102) includes a transition channel (118), a transition wheel (119), a grooved wheel (120), a dial wheel (121), and a drive wheel motor (122). The transition channel (118) is connected to the top of the oxygen replacement device (101). The transition wheel (119) is rotatably disposed in the transition channel (118). The grooved wheel (120) is fixedly connected to the transition wheel (119). The drive wheel motor (122) is disposed on the side wall of the transition channel (118). The dial wheel (121) is drivenly connected to the output end of the drive wheel motor (122). The grooved wheel (120) is drivenly connected to the dial wheel (121).

6. The powder-making apparatus for processing NdFeB magnet sintering raw materials according to claim 5, characterized in that: The crushing chamber (201) is provided with a crushing rack (207), which is meshed with a ratchet gear (205). The crushing chamber (201) is provided with a hydraulic arm (206), the telescopic end of which is fixedly connected to the bottom of the crushing platform (203). The top of the crushing chamber (201) is connected to the discharge port of the transition channel (118).

7. The powder-making apparatus for processing NdFeB magnet sintering raw materials according to claim 6, characterized in that: The airflow grinding unit (3) includes a pneumatic conveyor (301) and a grinding device (302). The grinding device (302) is located on the ground. The pneumatic conveyor (301) is connected to the side wall of the grinding device (302). The pneumatic conveyor (301) is also connected to the discharge port of the crushing chamber (201).

8. The powder-making apparatus for processing raw materials for NdFeB magnet sintering according to claim 7, characterized in that: The grinding device (302) includes a grinding chamber (306), an impact wheel (307), an impact shaft (308), and a filter wheel (309). The grinding chamber (306) is located on the ground. The impact shaft (308) is located at the bottom of the grinding chamber (306). The impact wheel (307) is located on the impact shaft (308). The filter wheel (309) is rotatably located at the top of the grinding chamber (306).

9. A powder-making apparatus for processing raw materials for NdFeB magnet sintering according to claim 8, characterized in that: The pneumatic conveyor (301) includes a pneumatic channel (303), a venturi tube (304), and an injection pipe (305). The pneumatic channel (303) is connected to the grinding chamber (306). The venturi tube (304) is located inside the pneumatic channel (303). The middle part of the venturi tube (304) is connected to the discharge port of the crushing chamber (201). The two ends of the injection pipe (305) are respectively connected to the outlet end of the venturi tube (304) and the grinding chamber (306).

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