Clean production combined equipment for preparing clean product set from environmental garbage
By designing clean production equipment in containers, the problems of inflexible and environmentally unfriendly production in existing technologies have been solved, enabling the efficient and clean utilization of various environmental waste materials and producing low-noise, low-dust solid fuels and refined wood vinegar products.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- 朱兵
- Filing Date
- 2023-05-24
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-21
AI Technical Summary
Existing combined equipment cannot achieve flexible conversion between large-scale centralized production and decentralized production, cannot handle a variety of environmental waste materials, and suffers from high noise, high dust and low automation, resulting in insufficient environmental protection and flexibility.
Design a clean production combined equipment that sets up the production line of the preparation process in a container, making it detachable, noise-reducing and dust-removing, and capable of handling a variety of environmental waste materials. It prepares solid fuel and refined wood vinegar through processes such as dry distillation, carbonization and rectification, and uses additives to treat heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the ash.
It enables the efficient and clean utilization of environmental waste, and provides a production solution that is widely applicable, low-noise, low-dust, and highly automated, thereby improving the flexibility and environmental friendliness of production.
Smart Images

Figure CN121892467A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention provides a clean production assembly for preparing a collection of clean products from environmental waste. This "clean production assembly" is applicable not only to common biomass materials such as agricultural waste straw and forestry waste branches, but also to more mixed materials. Specifically, it can process any one of four types of environmental waste materials A, B, C, and D in combination with one or more of the remaining three materials. The materials A, B, C, and D specifically refer to: A being biomass waste material from an environment that is not or is difficult to smell; B being fermented biomass waste material from an environment that has been deodorized and disinfected; C being the carbon residue remaining after dry distillation of the aforementioned "A" and / or "B"; and D being waste plastics from environmental waste and / or waste plastics collected from society. The "clean product collection" includes a "solid fuel product subset 1" and a "refined wood vinegar, or a refined wood vinegar and impurity-removed emulsified tar product subset 2." This invention relates to the scope of equipment involved in the utilization of biomass solid waste and miscellaneous waste plastics from environmental waste. Background Technology
[0002] Using biomass solid waste to produce solid fuel is one of the new energy products that has been rapidly expanding in recent years. However, the combined equipment used in this emerging industry has many shortcomings:
[0003] Firstly, none of the existing combined equipment can adapt to both large-scale centralized clean production in workshops and temporary, decentralized clean production that can be quickly dispersed to fields and villages without disturbing residents. It also lacks convenient and non-destructive assembly and disassembly capabilities. This deficiency makes it difficult for companies using combined equipment to flexibly utilize production sites and achieve clean production at low cost.
[0004] Secondly, each existing combination equipment is only designed for one type of material, such as agricultural straw or forestry branches, and does not have the ability to combine various materials arbitrarily, thus lacking versatility. This deficiency makes it difficult for companies using combination equipment to flexibly select raw materials, especially to maximize the use of many suitable and good materials from environmental waste.
[0005] Third, all existing combined equipment in the city is characterized by high noise, high dust, and high labor intensity, resulting in poor environmental protection and automation. This deficiency is detrimental to the clean production of enterprises using combined equipment.
[0006] Therefore, society urgently needs inventors to provide a new solution for the clean and beneficial utilization of environmental waste resources, including the combined equipment used and the products produced, in response to the current situation of biomass-rich environmental waste. Summary of the Invention
[0007] The purpose of this invention is to address the numerous shortcomings of current combined equipment used in the production of environmental biomass products, and to propose a clean production combined equipment for preparing a collection of clean products from environmental waste; and to provide a collection of new biomass clean products that can absorb a wide range of environmental waste; thereby achieving the goal of turning environmental waste resources from a source of harm to a source of benefit.
[0008] The concept of this invention is to propose a clean production assembly capable of implementing new technological processes; and to provide a collection of new biomaterial clean products that can absorb a wide range of environmental waste, specifically:
[0009] 1. The production line equipment for performing the preparation process is set up in a set of containers with at least the auxiliary functions of noise reduction, dust removal and convenient maintenance / relocation. The production line can be flexibly connected in series / parallel in different combinations of containers carrying various process functions such as fermentation / crushing, impurity removal, mixing, drying, granulation, packaging, and even dry distillation and rectification.
[0010] 2. The "clean production combination equipment" mentioned above can not only process any kind of material such as agricultural straw and forestry dead branches; it can also combine any kind of combustible materials separated from environmental waste. It can also adapt to the processing and preparation of a new collection of clean products that can absorb a wide range of environmental waste. In other words, the "clean production combination equipment" mentioned above should have a wide range of applicability.
[0011] 3. The concept of "providing a collection of new biomass clean products that can absorb a wide range of environmental waste" is to include solid fuels, or refined wood vinegar, etc.; and to use these as the output of the process executed by the provided "clean production combination equipment";
[0012] 4. Regarding the aforementioned "providing a collection of new biomass cleaning products that can accommodate a wide range of environmental waste," the concept for "accommodating a wide range of environmental waste" is as follows: Utilizing the advantage of existing wet waste fermentation processes in removing odor and biological toxicity from waste, the range of types of odorous and toxic biomass environmental waste being treated is expanded; taking advantage of the existing wet waste fermentation process's ability to add loose biomass waste as a fermentation filler, it allows the inclusion of various types of biomass environmental waste that are not odorous or do not easily produce odor.
[0013] 5. In view of the low calorific value of the products obtained from the existing wet waste fermentation process, or the ash produced by dry waste power generation (which is mixed with nearly half of the dry waste incineration ash), the low calorific value can be made up by using dry distillation to obtain carbon residue to make solid fuel, or / and by adding dry distillation carbon residue of tree branches / straws and waste plastics.
[0014] 6. To prevent the heavy metal oxides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) inherent in the ash / fly ash generated after solid fuel combustion from further harming the environment, the concept is to modify the ash through additives during the solid fuel preparation process, so that the heavy metal oxides in the ash are in a passivated, harmless, or low-toxic state; that is, to sinter the ash into a ceramic / glassy state; and to ensure that the pH value of the ceramic / glassy ash is ≤7 or ≈7 when it comes into contact with water, so that the ash cannot generate alkaline hydroxide ions "OH" when it comes into contact with water. - This prevents the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons adsorbed by carbon in fly ash from being reacted with hydroxyl radicals (OH groups) that have a stronger affinity for carbon nuclei and a "zero potential surface". - "The basic groups of the Gilbert Newton Lewis are replaced, so that the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are in a desorbed state and the naked particles have high carcinogenic activity."
[0015] 7. In order to ensure that the ash from solid fuels is nearly zero harmful after combustion, the appropriate uses and methods of application of the "solid fuels" should be provided according to the different pH values and calorific values of the solid fuel ash when it comes into contact with water.
[0016] 8. Provide the appropriate uses for the proposed "clean production equipment set" and "new material clean product set".
[0017] The present invention achieves the above objectives through the following technical solutions:
[0018] 1. A clean production assembly for preparing clean products from environmental waste, characterized in that: the "clean production assembly" is a production line device for performing the preparation process, housed in a set of containers with at least noise reduction, dust removal, and convenient maintenance or relocation auxiliary functions; the production line is capable of carrying at least "mechanical units for various process functions including coarse crushing, fine grinding, impurity removal, drying, or fermentation, dry distillation and carbonization, blending, followed by granulation, packaging, or dry distillation and rectification." Different combinations of "containers" are connected in series or / and parallel to form a production line; it can not only select any one of combustible materials A, B, C, and D as raw materials, but also select any one of combustible materials A, B, C, and D and combine it with any or more of the remaining three materials as raw materials to produce different series / specifications of "solid fuel product subset 1" and "refined wood vinegar, or refined wood vinegar and impurity-removed emulsified tar product subset 2"; the "A, B, C, and D" materials specifically refer to:
[0019] A – Biomass waste in environments that does not or is difficult to produce odors.
[0020] B – Material from biomass waste fermentation in a deodorized and disinfected environment.
[0021] C – The carbon residue remaining after the dry distillation of the aforementioned “A” and / or “B”.
[0022] D—Waste plastics in environmental waste and / or waste plastics collected by the community;
[0023] The "clean production combined equipment" is divided into two parts: sub-combination unit A for preparing "solid fuel product subset 1", or sub-combination unit B for preparing "refined wood vinegar, or refined wood vinegar and impurity-removed emulsified tar product subset 2";
[0024] The “cleaning product set” includes the aforementioned subset 1, or subset 1 and the aforementioned subset 2.
[0025] 2. The "sub-assembly device A" described in technical solution 1, characterized in that:
[0026] The technological objective of "Sub-combination Unit A" is to produce a solid fuel product subset 1; its structural configuration relates to the "Sub-combination Unit A" and the "production line capable of being connected in series or / and parallel to form a production line by different combinations of "containers of various process functional units" equipped with coarse crushing, fine grinding, impurity removal, drying, or fermentation, dry distillation, carbonization, and blending, followed by granulation and packaging", as described in technical solution 1; and its function relates to the ability to "select one of combustible materials A, B, C, and D and combine it with any one or more of the remaining three materials as raw materials", i.e., its functional features include at least the following 2-9:
[0027] 2-1. The "sub-combination device A" is equipped with a solid fuel forming and combining device I, which may include at least one unit combination machine I for drying and dehydrating or mixing A / B / D materials from environmental waste. -I Or there may be a "I" above that only refers to "drying and dehydration". -I "The subsequent material is mixed in a uniform manner using unit combination machinery I" -II , or and in the aforementioned "I -II Upstream of the machine, there is also a storage silo combination machine with its own metering and discharging device for adding additives. -III In the aforementioned "I -II Downstream, a pelletizer I for solid fuel is installed. -IV or / and briquetting machine I -V ; For "unit combination machinery for implementing drying and dehydration I" -I From “implementing homogenized hybrid unit combination machinery I”, to “implementing homogenized hybrid unit combination machinery I” -II Between these sections, there is a buffer storage silo combination machine I equipped with a metering and discharging device for storing different varieties (A, B, C, and D) of dried materials. -VIII; in the “I -II "and downstream "granulator I" -IV or / and briquetting machine I -V Between these sections, there is a buffer storage silo for storing the mixed materials. -IX ;
[0028] 2-2. Upstream of “I” as described in 2-1, a combined device A′ can also be connected to crush and remove impurities from plant-based waste materials in environmental waste that do not emit odor or are not easily odorous;
[0029] 2-3. Or, upstream of “I” as described in item 2-1, there is a combined device B′ for fermenting, deodorizing, and disinfecting odorous or easily odorous environmental waste materials, i.e., B;
[0030] 2-4. Upstream of “I” as described in 2-1, there is a device C′ that performs dry distillation on material C to obtain residual carbon residue, or a combination device C′ for refining wood vinegar and removing impurities from emulsified tar.
[0031] 2-5. Upstream of “I” as described in item 2-1, there is also a combined device D′ for crushing and removing waste plastics from environmental waste, i.e., D;
[0032] 2-6. Between the "forming combination device I" described in 2-1, and the "combination device A′ for crushing and removing impurities from plant-based waste (A) in environmental waste that does not emit odor or is not easily odorous" described in 2-2, the "combination device B′ for fermenting, deodorizing, and disinfecting material B in environmental waste that emits odor or is easily odorous" described in 2-3, the "combination device C′ for dry distillation to obtain residual carbon residue (C) or tar" described in 2-4, and the "combination device D′ for crushing and removing impurities from waste plastics (D) in environmental waste" described in 2-5, a closed belt conveyor I can be installed for the clean transport of materials. -X ;
[0033] 2-7. In order to enable the "clean production combined equipment" to be noise-reduced, dust-removed, easy to clean and maintain, and quick to be modularly transported during operation, the "combined device I" and "combined devices A′ to D′" as described in 2-1 to 2-5 above can be installed in a container of length, width and height according to international standards or automotive standards.
[0034] 2-8. In the “I” described in item 2-1, a dust collection combination machine I-VI may also be provided, characterized in that: each “container” as described in item 2-7 is equipped with an independent dust collector; or is equipped with an air inlet with a damper and an air outlet with a damper, and the air outlets of each container are connected to a total dust collection pipeline, and finally this total dust collection pipeline is introduced into the dust collection machine I equipped with a cyclone separator and a bag separator. -VI Or with dust removal machinery I -VI The exhaust air is then routed back to the air inlets of each container via a separate main duct.
[0035] 2-9. The preferred functional feature of the solid fuel product subset 1 obtained by the "sub-combination device A" is that it is capable of preparing: any one of A, B, C, and D combined with any one or more of the remaining three materials, or / and taking only C alone, in a weight ratio of "W" of each material. A +W B +W C +W D "Under the framework of constant equal to 10 parts by weight, the ratio of the weight parts of each type of material"W A / W B / W C / W D "Various variations within the range of "0~9.9 / 0~8 / 0~10 / 0~6", but when only the independent C is taken, i.e. "W" A / W B / W C / W D When the weight ratio of "C" is "0 / 0 / 10 / 0", the corresponding carbonization feedstock of C must contain material B. This ratio change constitutes a total solid fuel product subset 1.
[0036] 3. The "I" mentioned in item 2-1 of technical solution 2 -I The unit can be equipped with any one of the following: a combustible gas combustion furnace, a biomass pellet fuel combustion furnace, a waste dry distillation gasification combustion furnace, or a charcoal dry distillation device capable of discharging waste heat, as a heating unit for drying and dehydration. -VII .
[0037] 4. The "sub-assembly device B" described in technical solution 1 is characterized in that:
[0038] The process objective of the "sub-unit B" is to produce a detoxified refined wood vinegar product, or to produce a purified emulsified tar product; its structural configuration and functional features include the following 4-1, 4-2, or a combination of 4-3:
[0039] 4-1. To prepare detoxified refined wood vinegar, at the inlet end of the dry distillation tank C′-1 in the "combined equipment C′" described in items 2-4 of technical solution 2, a combined machine C′-2 for crushing and pulverizing plant material raw materials is installed;
[0040] 4-2. To prepare detoxified refined wood vinegar, a combined machine C′-3 is installed after the flue gas outlet of the dry distillation tank C′-1 to perform distillation and impurity removal of the flue gas. This combined machine C′-3 specifically includes: a vertical distillation column C′-3-1; an externally connected control electrical circuit and built-in heating element or electromagnetic component C′-3-2 for heating; a top condenser C′-3-3 at the top of the distillation column C′-3-1 to control the reflux flow rate of the dry distillation flue gas and the temperature of the top outlet gas; and a condenser C′-3-3 at the top of the distillation column C′-3-1 to control the reflux flow rate of the dry distillation flue gas and the temperature of the top outlet gas. Below the top condenser C′-3-3, a distillation column has a pyrolysis gas outlet C′-3-4 located near the top of the column. Inside the distillation column C′-3-1 below the pyrolysis gas outlet C′-3-4, a smoke suppressor C′-3-5 is installed. Following the aforementioned pyrolysis gas outlet C′-3-4, a condenser C′-3-6 with an inclined or vertically downward outlet is installed. Below the outlet of the condenser C′-3-6, a collection tank assembly at room temperature or low temperature is installed to condense the pyrolysis gas into liquid. Mechanical C′-3-7; or, on each tank in the “Collection Tank Combination Machinery C′-3-7”, a discharge valve C′-3-8 for adding impurity-removing adsorbent or a storage bin C′-3-9 for the impurity-removing adsorbent is further provided; for the non-condensable gas passing through the “condenser C′-3-6”, a guide pipe C′-3-10 is provided on each tank of the “Collection Tank Combination Machinery C′-3-7” to guide it to the “combustible gas” combustion stove C′-3-11 or the “combustible gas” storage tank C′-3-12 heating the “dry distillation tank C′-1”; in the “Collection Tank Combination Machinery C′-3-7” Below “Mechanical C′-3-7”, a filter C′-3-13 is further installed; after “filter C′-3-13”, a combined mechanical unit C′-3-14 is installed for the temporary storage of the detoxified plant-based dry distillation liquid formulation product, namely refined wood vinegar; the “collection tank combination mechanical unit C′-3-7” can be equipped with at least 2 or 3 tanks to collect, for example, the fractions with a temperature range of 85 to 190°C at the inlet of the condenser C′-3-6 after passing through the smoke suppressor, and are at least divided into 2 or 3 temperature range fractions of low and high or low, medium and high temperature zones;
[0041] 4-3. Alternatively, to prepare a purified emulsified tar product, a combined machine C′-4 is installed below the "distillation column C′-3-1" described in item 4-2. This combined machine C′-4 specifically includes: a reboiler C′-4-1 below the distillation column C′-3-1, wherein the reboiler C′-4-1 is equipped with a heating medium jacket layer, and a rock wool insulation layer is installed outside the heating medium jacket layer; a condenser C′-4-2 is installed after the outlet of the reboiler C′-4-1; and an emulsifier adsorption unit is installed after the outlet of the condenser C′-4-2. A mixing tank C′-4-3 for the agent or water is installed; a vacuum filter C′-4-4 is installed after the mixing tank C′-4-3; a storage silo C′-4-5 for collecting the "de-impurified emulsified tar product" is installed after the vacuum filter C′-4-4; an electric heating wire or electromagnetic heating element C′-4-6 for external control electrical appliances, circuit heating or electromagnetic heating is installed inside the "rock wool insulation layer" outside the reboiler C′-4-1; the outlet and outlet of the "heating medium jacket layer" of the reboiler C′-4-1 are externally connected to the outlet and inlet of a thermal oil boiler or salt bath furnace C′-4-7.
[0042] 5. To facilitate centralized control of the "clean production combined equipment" described in technical solution 1, a central control room II is set up. In addition to the control electrical boxes set up next to the control points of each node in the combined equipment, the control buttons of each node in the combined equipment are connected to the terminal table of the central control room II by wires; or the real-time material movement images of each node in the combined equipment are connected to the terminal video of the central control room II by wires.
[0043] 6. A collection of clean products prepared from environmental waste is provided, characterized in that: the "collection of clean products" includes "a subset 1 of solid fuel products" produced by combining one of combustible materials A, B, C, and D from environmental waste with any one or more of the remaining three materials as raw materials, and "a subset 2 of refined wood vinegar, or refined wood vinegar and de-emulsified tar".
[0044] 7. The "solid fuel product subset 1" described in technical solution 6 is characterized in that:
[0045] The “A” in technical solution 1 includes at least: waste cotton wool, waste furniture, waste mushroom sticks, waste wood discarded from the construction industry, deactivated activated carbon residue discarded from the decolorization process of the sugar / pharmaceutical / oil industry, straw / withered vines / seed hulls discarded from agriculture, and any combination of shredded materials from roadsides or woodlands / landscapes that have naturally fallen or been pruned, or shredded materials after separating and removing glass / stones / metal;
[0046] The “B” in technical solution 1 includes at least: biogas residue, kitchen waste, catering waste, kitchen waste, livestock and poultry manure, mycelial fermentation residue discarded by biochemical industry, sludge discharged from domestic sewage purification sedimentation tank, floating garbage material excavated from landfill, domestic garbage material excavated from landfill, and pulverized material of any one or more combinations of wet / dry garbage collected from society daily, or pulverized material after separating and removing glass / stone / metal;
[0047] The “C” in technical solution 1 includes at least: carbon residue remaining after the glass / stone / metal has been removed by dry distillation and separation from the aforementioned “A” and / or the aforementioned “B”; or: deactivated activated carbon that has adsorbed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and pigment impurities from the condensate of the re-distillation of the purified dry distillation fraction or the tar produced by the re-distillation of the purified dry distillation fraction.
[0048] The “D” in technical solution 1 includes at least the following: crushed material of any one or more combinations of agricultural waste plastic film, fishery waste plastic nets / buoys, waste plastic turf discarded from sports fields, waste plastic products / fabrics containing chemical fibers, mixed waste plastics obtained from waste furniture, mixed waste plastic film discharged from waste paper recycling industry, plastic / plastic waste scraps discharged from footwear industry, and waste plastic film scraps discharged from packaging and printing industry, or pulverized material or lumps / extruded strips / granules after glass / stones / metal have been separated and removed;
[0049] The phrase "W" in items 2-9 of technical solution 2 refers to the sum of the weight parts of each type of material. A +W B +W C +W D "Under the framework of constant equal to 10 parts by weight, the ratio of the weight parts of each type of material"W A / W B / W C / W D "Various variations within the range of "0~9.9 / 0~8 / 0~10 / 0~6", but when only the independent C is taken, i.e. "W" A / W B / W C / W D When the weight ratio of C is "0 / 0 / 10 / 0", the corresponding carbonization feedstock of C must contain material B. This ratio change constitutes a total solid fuel product subset 1. Specifically, solid fuel product subset 1 includes at least any or more combinations of the following 1) to 11):
[0050] 1): When A and B are combined, i.e. W C W D When it is always equal to 0 parts by weight, then "W" A / W B / W C / WD "A suitable weight ratio can vary within the range of '9.9~5 / 0.1~5 / 0 / 0';
[0051] Or / and 2): When A and C are combined, i.e. W B W D When it is always equal to 0 parts by weight, then "W" A / W B / W C / W D "A suitable weight ratio can vary within the range of '0.1 to 9.9 / 0 / 9.9 to 0.1 / 0';
[0052] Or / and 3): When A and D are combined, i.e. W B W C When it is always equal to 0 parts by weight, then "W" A / W B / W C / W D "A suitable weight ratio can vary within the range of '9 to 4 / 0 / 0 / 1 to 6';
[0053] Or / and 4): When A is combined with B and C, i.e. W D When it is always equal to 0 parts by weight, then "W" A / W B / W C / W D "The appropriate weight ratio can vary in the range of 7.9 to 1.9 / 2 to 0.1 / 0.1 to 8 / 0, or in the range of 1 to 1.9 / 8 to 0.1 / 1 to 8 / 0;
[0054] Or / and 5): When A is combined with C and D, i.e. W B When it is always equal to 0 parts by weight, then "W" A / W B / W C / W D "The appropriate weight ratio can vary in the range of 7.9 to 2 / 0 / 0.1 to 2 / 2 to 6, or in the range of 4 to 5 / 0 / 5 to 2 / 1 to 3;
[0055] Or / and 6): When A is combined with B and D, i.e. W C When it is always equal to 0 parts by weight, then "W" A / W B / W C / W D "The appropriate weight ratio can vary in the range of '4 to 2 / 5 to 2 / 0 / 1 to 6', or in the range of '6 to 4 / 3 to 2 / 0 / 1 to 4';
[0056] Or / and 7): When A is combined with B and C with D, then "W"A / W B / W C / W D "The appropriate weight ratio can vary in the range of "6 to 2 / 0.1 to 1 / 2 to 1 / 1.9 to 6", or in the range of "1 to 7 / 8 to 0.1 / 0.1 to 0.4 / 0.9 to 2.5";
[0057] Or / and 8): When taking the combination of B and C, that is, W A W D When it is always equal to 0 parts by weight, then "W" A / W B / W C / W D "A suitable weight ratio can vary in the range of 0 / 5 to 0.1 / 5 to 9.9 / 0, or in the range of 0 / 2 to 8 / 8 to 2 / 0;
[0058] Or / and 9): When taking the combination of B and D, that is, W A W C When it is always equal to 0 parts by weight, then "W" A / W B / W C / W D "A suitable weight ratio can vary within the range of 0 / 8 to 4 / 0 / 2 to 6;"
[0059] Or / and 10): When taking the combination of C and D, i.e. W A W B When it is always equal to 0 parts by weight, then "W" A / W B / W C / W D "A suitable weight ratio can vary within the range of '0 / 0 / 9 to 4 / 1 to 6';
[0060] Or / and 11): When taking the combination of B, C, and D, i.e. W A When it is always equal to 0 parts by weight, then "W" A / W B / W C / W D "The appropriate weight ratio can vary in the range of 0 / 3 to 1 / 2 to 7 / 5 to 3, or in the range of 0 / 3 to 2 / 6 to 2 / 1 to 6."
[0061] 8. The “Solid Fuel Product Set 1” described in technical solution 6 may contain alkaline additives to prevent ash from sintering, such as any one or more combinations of lime, calcium carbonate, and raw vermiculite powder; or may contain acidic additives that, when measured by test paper method, show a pH value ≤7 or ≈7 when 10% of agglomerated ash is soaked in a room temperature aqueous solution for 10 minutes, such as any one or more combinations of clay, kaolin, attapulgite, diatomaceous earth, and waste glass powder; or may contain tar derived from the “dry distillation” process described in definition C of technical solution 1.
[0062] 9. In the "Solid Fuel Product Set 1" described in technical solution 1, the weight parts W of the "Alkaline Additive Material for Preventing Ash from Sintering" described in technical solution 8 are as follows: 碱性性助剂物料 The weight parts W of the ash of “A” and / or “B” and / or “C” and / or “D” as described in technical solution 1 灰烬 Ratio: W 碱性性助剂物料 / W 灰烬 Within the range of 0.1 to 0.25 / 1; the weight parts W of the "acidic auxiliary material" described in technical solution 8 酸性助剂物料 The weight parts W of the ash of “A” and / or “B” and / or “C” and / or “D” as described in technical solution 1 灰烬 Ratio: W 酸性助剂物料 / W 灰烬 Within the range of 1 to 1.5 / 1; the weight parts W of the "tar" described in technical solution 8 焦油 The weight parts W of “A” and / or “B” and / or “C” and / or “D” as described in technical solution 1 A或 / 和B或 / 和C或 / 和D Ratio: W 焦油 / W A或 / 和B或 / 和C或 / 和D It is in the range of 0 to 1 / 10.
[0063] 10. In the "Solid Fuel Product Set 1" described in technical solution 6, the fuel forming characteristic is as follows: "A" and / or "B" and / or "C" and / or "D" as described in technical solution 1, or all of them, are dried and dehydrated, and then subjected to items 2-9 of technical solution 2 or "W" as described in technical solution 7. A / W B / W C / W D After mixing in different ranges of 0 to 9.9, 0 to 5, 0 to 10, and 0 to 6, the mixed material is extruded through a die to form columnar solid fuel, or extruded through a die to form solid or hollow rod solid fuel.
[0064] Alternatively, the fuel forming characteristics of the "solid fuel product set 1" described in technical solution 6 are as follows: "A" and / or "B" and / or "C" and / or "D" as described in technical solution 1, or all of them are dried and dehydrated, and then processed according to items 2-9 of technical solution 2 or "W" as described in technical solution 7. A / W B / W C / W D After mixing in different variations within the range of 0~9.9 / 0~5 / 0~10 / 0~6, the mixed material is processed by a honeycomb brick, honeycomb coal, coal ball, or non-standard extruder to press the material into a porous brick shape, honeycomb coal shape, coal ball shape, or bent fruit shape solid fuel; or, in addition to the aforementioned "porous brick shape, honeycomb coal shape, coal ball shape, or bent fruit shape", recessed crack grooves can be pre-set on its surface to facilitate subsequent ash fragmentation.
[0065] 11. The "Solid Fuel Product Set 1" described in technical solution 6 involves the "porous brick-shaped" "solid fuel" described in technical solution 10, which contains the "acidic additive material F, such as any one or more combinations of clay, kaolin, attapulgite, diatomaceous earth, and waste glass powder" described in technical solution 8, used as an easily sinterable material; or the percentage weight W of the "acidic additive material" in the total weight of the "solid fuel". 酸性助剂物料F The percentage can be in the range of 10% to 20%.
[0066] 12. The "component 2 comprising refined wood vinegar, or refined wood vinegar and impurity-reduced emulsified tar product" as described in technical solution 6 is characterized in that:
[0067] 12-1. The raw materials used in the “subset 2” are materials “A” and / or “B” as described in technical solution 7;
[0068] 12-2. After the dry distillation flue gas is condensed and refluxed at the top of the distillation column and the flue gas is eliminated, the fraction collected at the bottom of the column at atmospheric pressure or at the top of the column at a temperature of 85-190°C is then condensed and collected in a room temperature or low temperature temporary storage tank, or subjected to adsorption filtration, thereby producing a detoxified refined wood vinegar.
[0069] The "refined wood vinegar" described in item 12-3.12-2 has a pH value of 1 to 3 in a 10% aqueous solution, and the main harmful components therein are limited to the following ranges:
[0070] According to the national standard GB / T 5009.27-2016, the concentration of 3,4-benzopyrene was <2 μg / kg.
[0071] According to the national standard GB / T 16631-2008, formaldehyde content was <1 mg / kg.
[0072] According to the national standard GB / T 15337-2008, lead content was <1 mg / kg.
[0073] According to the national standard GB / T 21191-2007, the arsenic content was <0.1 mg / kg;
[0074] 12-4. The pyrolysis flue gas is condensed and refluxed through the distillation column and falls into the reboiler at the bottom of the distillation column. After the collection of fractions above 190°C is stopped at the top of the column, the tar in the reboiler, which is kept at a constant temperature of 210-250°C, is released. An emulsifier is then added to control the pH value at ≤7. Activated carbon adsorbent or water is added while the material is in a non-viscous liquid state. The mixture is then cooled to below 100°C and filtered while still in a non-viscous state. This process yields detoxified plant-based pyrolysis emulsified tar.
[0075] The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon content in the "emulsified tar" described in item 12-5.12-4 shall be ≤50 mg / L, and the volatile matter content therein shall meet the following quality inspection requirements: when blended into rubber composites / mixtures, the blended rubber composites / mixtures shall be materials that have not undergone a cracking temperature treatment process that rubber cannot withstand, and shall be able to withstand a non-smoke test at 180°C / 10 minutes using a vulcanizer or Mooney meter; the blending refers to the "emulsified tar" having a weight content of 10% to 30% in rubber composites / mixtures containing not less than 30% pure rubber; the non-smoke content refers to the non-smoke content of the "emulsified tar" in rubber composites / mixtures containing not less than 30% pure rubber. The pyrolysis temperature that can be withstood is that it has not been subjected to a temperature greater than or equal to 180°C beforehand; the non-smoke test specifically refers to: taking 3-5g of rubber compound / mixture sample, placing a polyester film on the top and bottom of the sample, then placing it on a vulcanizer or Mooney viscometer, heating it at 180°C for 10 minutes, taking out the sample, letting it stand at room temperature for no less than 5 minutes, then peeling off the polyester films on the top and bottom of the sample and stacking them together, and moving it to a fluorescent lamp for observation. The polyester film should be stained yellow, but not darker than 101C or 601C of the international standard color (PANTONE) card;
[0076] The "rubber compound / mixture" may have the following formulation: 100 parts styrene-butadiene rubber, 5 parts zinc oxide, 1 part stearic acid, 2 parts sulfur, 1.5 parts accelerator CZ, 0.5 parts accelerator TMTD, 1 part antioxidant MB, 0 to 60 parts carbon black N330, 0 to 200 parts calcium carbonate, 0 to 15 parts machine oil, and vulcanization conditions of 155°C / 7 minutes.
[0077] The "emulsified tar" described in item 12-6.12-4 has a 10% aqueous solution with a pH value preferably in the range of 6 to 7;
[0078] Either of the “refined wood vinegar” or “emulsified tar” described in 12-1 to 12-6 above can be an independent product.
[0079] 13. The "fraction with a distillate temperature in the reboiler at the bottom of the column or at the top of the column with a temperature in the range of 85-190℃ under atmospheric pressure" described in item 12-2 of technical solution 12 can be divided into low-temperature and high-temperature sections for separate collection according to market requirements, i.e.:
[0080] Low-temperature product A 低温段 For example, 85~95℃, and high-temperature product A 高温段 For example, 95–190℃;
[0081] Or low-temperature product A 低温段 For example, 85~100℃, and high-temperature product A 高温段 For example, 100~190℃;
[0082] Or low-temperature product A 低温段 For example, 85~105℃, compared with high-temperature product A 高温段 For example, 105~190℃;
[0083] Or low-temperature product A 低温段 For example, 85~120℃, and high-temperature product A 高温段 For example, 120–190℃;
[0084] Or low-temperature product A 低温段 For example, 85~135℃, compared with high-temperature product A 高温段 For example, 135~190℃;
[0085] Or low-temperature product A 低温段 For example, 85~155℃, compared with high-temperature product A 高温段 For example, 155~190℃;
[0086] Alternatively, the fraction in the 85–190℃ range can be separated into low, medium, and high temperature sections for separate collection according to market requirements.
[0087] Low-temperature product A 低温段 For example, 85-95℃, compared with product A in the medium temperature range. 中温段 For example, 95~125℃, compared with high-temperature product A 高温段 For example, 125~190℃;
[0088] Or low-temperature product A 低温段 For example, at 85-100℃, compared with product A in the medium temperature range. 中温段 For example, 100~135℃, and product A in the high-temperature range. 高温段 For example, 135~190℃;
[0089] Or low-temperature product A 低温段 For example, 85~105℃, compared with product A in the medium temperature range. 中温段 For example, 105~140℃, compared with high-temperature product A 高温段 For example, 140–190℃;
[0090] Or low-temperature product A 低温段 For example, 85~120℃, compared with product A in the medium temperature range. 中温段 For example, 120~155℃, and high-temperature product A 高温段 For example, 155~190℃;
[0091] Or low-temperature product A 低温段 For example, 85~135℃, compared with product A in the medium temperature range. 中温段 For example, 135~155℃, and high-temperature product A. 高温段 For example, 155~190℃;
[0092] Or low-temperature product A 低温段 For example, 85~155℃, compared with product A in the medium temperature range. 中温段 For example, 155~165℃, compared with high-temperature product A 高温段 For example, 165–190℃;
[0093] Product A, which is "divided into low and high temperature sections", 低温段 A 高温段 Product A, or "divided into low, medium, and high temperature stages". 低温段 A 中温段 A 高温段 Each of these can become an independent product.
[0094] 14. The physical properties of the "solid fuel product set 1" described in technical solution 6, including its composition, ash content, and calorific value, include the following a, b, and d, or preferably a first combination of the following a, b, d, and f; or a, c, and e, or preferably a second combination of the following a, c, e, and f:
[0095] a. Composition: As described in technical solution 1, "in 'W A +W B +W C +W D Under the framework of 'constantly equal to 10 parts by weight, by W' A / W B / W C / W D "Different variations within the range of 0~9.9 / 0~5 / 0~10 / 0~6";
[0096] b. The molar ratio of (SiO2+Al2O3)mol / (CaO+MgO)mol in the ash after combustion is <2, or the pH value of the room temperature aqueous solution containing 10% ash after soaking for 10 minutes is ≥8 by the test paper method; and the calorific value of combustion is ≥2500 kcal / kg;
[0097] c. The molar ratio of (SiO2+Al2O3)mol / (CaO+MgO)mol in the ash after combustion is ≥2, or the pH value of the aqueous solution containing 10% agglomerated ash that has been soaked for 10 minutes at room temperature is ≤7 or ≈7 by the test paper method; and the calorific value of combustion is ≥2500 kcal / kg;
[0098] d. The ash is in a loose state;
[0099] e. The ash material is in a sintered state with a regular shape, and the "regular shape" includes at least a porous brick shape or a spherical / pebbly shape similar to the size of a quail egg.
[0100] f. Preferably, the calorific value is ≥4500 kcal / kg.
[0101] 15. The method for producing "solid fuel product subset 1" by the "sub-combination device A" described in technical solution 1 is characterized by comprising a combination of at least the following steps:
[0102] Step I: Material preparation. The following main / auxiliary materials suitable for solid fuel pelleting or compression molding can be obtained through self-production or / and market procurement or outsourcing:
[0103] Main materials: Select and prepare materials according to “A”, “B”, “C” and “D” as described in technical schemes 1, 6 and 7, or dry and dehydrate them;
[0104] Auxiliary materials: Select and prepare the materials according to the "alkaline auxiliary materials", "acidic auxiliary materials" and "tar" as described in technical solution 8;
[0105] Step II: As described in technical solution 9, "W" 碱性性助剂物料 / W 灰烬 "In the range of 0.1 to 0.25 / 1", "W" 酸性助剂物料 / W 灰烬 "In the range of 1 to 1.5 / 1", "W" 焦油 / W A或 / 和B或 / 和C或 / 和D "In the range of 0 to 1 / 10", and the "percentage weight W" of the "acidic additive material" in the total weight of "solid fuel" as described in technical solution 11. 酸性助剂物料F "% can be in the range of 10-20%", metered mixing;
[0106] Step III: Form solid fuel into columnar pellets as described in technical solution 10, or solid or hollow rods as extruded through a die, or using honeycomb bricks, honeycomb briquettes, coal balls, or non-standard extruders;
[0107] Step IV: Measure and package, or stack on logistics pallets, and put into storage.
[0108] 16. The method of preparing "subset 2" by "sub-combination device B" as described in technical solution 1 is characterized by further comprising: preparing "refined wood vinegar" involving subset 2 using a first combination of steps 16-1 to 16-5; and preparing "emulsified tar" involving subset 2 using a second combination of steps 16-1, 16-2 and 16-5, 16-6:
[0109] 16-1. Raw material preparation: Using "A" or / and "B" as defined in technical solutions 1 and 2 as raw materials for dry distillation, before entering the dry distillation tank for processing, the raw materials are first crushed / pulverized, or removed from hard impurities such as stone / iron, or dried, or mixed with any one or more combinations of acidic clay, kaolin, diatomaceous earth, and glass powder to form intermediate material 1, or the intermediate material 1 is further extruded into any one of the following forms: granular, rod-shaped, mesoporous tubular, or honeycomb brick-shaped to form intermediate material 2; or using "tree branches" in "A" as raw material as defined in technical solutions 1 and 2, before entering the dry distillation tank for processing, the raw materials are first crushed, or cut into segments of 10-20cm in length that meet market demand to obtain intermediate material 3;
[0110] 16-2. The "intermediate material 1" or "intermediate material 2" or "intermediate material 3" described in 16-1 is fed into a dry distillation tank. Combustible gas can be used as the heating source for the dry distillation tank. The heating rate in the dry distillation tank should preferably be controlled within the range of 3℃ / min to 5℃ / min.
[0111] 16-3. Using a distillation column with a heated reboiler at the bottom, the flue gas slowly output from the dry distillation tank is condensed and refluxed at the top of the distillation column, or after smoke elimination, the "fraction with a temperature of 85-190°C in the reboiler at the bottom or the distillate at the top of the column under atmospheric pressure" as described in item 12-2 of technical solution 12 is collected. However, the "fraction with a temperature of 85-190°C in the reboiler at the bottom or the distillate at the top of the column under atmospheric pressure" can be divided into two sections, low and high temperature, or into three sections, low, medium and high temperature, as described in technical solution 13, and collected separately.
[0112] 16-4. The fraction described in item 16-3, which has a distillation temperature of 85-190°C at the bottom of the reboiler or at the top of the column under atmospheric pressure, is further condensed and allowed to stand at low temperature, or the fractions collected at a temperature of 100°C or higher are further subjected to activated carbon adsorption and filtration, thereby obtaining a purified wood vinegar solution of the fraction with a distillation temperature of 85-190°C at the top of the column under atmospheric pressure.
[0113] 16-5. For the "fractions in the reboiler at the bottom of the column or the distillate gas at the top of the column with a temperature in the range of 85 to 190°C under atmospheric pressure" mentioned in item 16-3, the gas that cannot be condensed into liquid after passing through the "condenser" is introduced into the "combustible gas" pipeline mentioned in item 16-2 to supply the gas for heating the dry distillation tank system.
[0114] 16-6. The tar from the dry distillation flue gas, condensed and refluxed through the distillation column, falling into the reboiler at the bottom of the distillation column, is discharged after the collection of fractions from the bottom of the reboiler at atmospheric pressure or above 190°C at the top of the column is stopped. The tar is then discharged from the reboiler, where the temperature is controlled at 210–250°C. An emulsifier is added to control the pH value to ≤7, and activated carbon adsorbent or water is added while the material is in a non-viscous liquid state. The mixture is then filtered to obtain a purified emulsified tar. The "emulsifier" can be any or a combination of nonionic or anionic known surfactants.
[0115] 17. The specific uses of "subset 1" and "subset 2" in technical solution 6 are as follows: "Subset 1," based on the characteristics of the "fuel" ash therein, includes at least the following 17-1 and 17-2; while "subset 2," the "refined wood vinegar" and "purified emulsified tar" therein include at least the following 17-3 to 17-4:
[0116] 17-1. The solid fuel with the ash characteristics of “b” described in technical solution 14 can be used for combustion power generation or steam heating, or for lime production, provided that there is a good guarantee for exhaust gas dust removal.
[0117] 17-2. The solid fuel with the ash characteristics of "c" described in technical solution 14 can be used as: at least widely used as a heating solid fuel in residential buildings or agricultural greenhouses; and the solid fuel ash with the characteristics of "c" can be used as bricks, stones, and sand in building materials, or as an ingredient in non-fired bricks and tiles, or as a slow-release granular fertilizer for plant cultivation.
[0118] 17-3. The "refined wood vinegar" described in technical solutions 1 and 6 can be used in agriculture as an insecticide / sterilizer, or as a component of an insecticide / sterilizer; it can be used as a plant growth stimulant or foliar fertilizer; it can also be used as a deodorizer / sterilizer in pet or livestock cages, or for deodorizing garbage transfer and carcass disposal sites.
[0119] 17-4. The "purified emulsified tar" described in technical solutions 1 and 6 can be used as a softener component in rubber product formulations.
[0120] 18. The "clean production combination equipment" described in technical solution 1 and the "clean product set" described in technical solution 6 may also include at least one or more of the following combinations:
[0121] 18-1. It can be integrated into existing industrial parks for the printing and packaging industry to help eliminate the blockage of plastic waste disposal for printed and packaged products in these industrial parks;
[0122] 18-2. Or it could be connected to existing facilities for processing wet household waste into organic fertilizer to help address the problem of unsold "organic fertilizer" by these companies.
[0123] 18-3. Or it may be connected to existing waste paper pulp production facilities to help eliminate the obstruction of waste plastic film disposal for these enterprises;
[0124] 18-4. Or it could be connected to existing waste sorting production facilities to help eliminate the obstructions in the disposal of waste plastics for these enterprises;
[0125] 18-5. Or be located in landfill areas to stop the expansion of landfills and lay the industrial foundation for the eventual elimination of landfills;
[0126] 18-6. Or it may be set up in a forest farm to help the forest farm dispose of dead branches / leaves generated in the forest land, as well as dry / wet domestic waste generated by residents;
[0127] 18-7. Or it may be set up near the sedimentation tank of domestic sewage treatment to help the domestic sewage treatment industry to make green and high-value resource utilization of the combustible sediment sludge discharged.
[0128] 18-8. Or it may be located near the fermentation process equipment in the biochemical industry to help biochemical companies dispose of their discarded mycelial fermentation residue;
[0129] 18-9. Or it may be connected to existing sugar / pharmaceutical / oil industry industrial parks to help dispose of the deactivated activated carbon residue discarded by the decolorization process of the sugar / pharmaceutical / oil industry in these industrial parks;
[0130] 18-10. Or be located in the periphery of the current city to help dispose of combustible solid waste separated from housing renovation waste or broken old furniture generated in today's urban life, or / and deodorized and dehydrated wet waste containing waste plastic or microplastic components after fermentation. Attached Figure Description
[0131] Figure 1 : A block diagram of sub-assembly device A for preparing “solid fuel product subset 1”.
[0132] Figure 2 : A block diagram of sub-assembly device B for preparing "refined wood vinegar, or product subset 2 of refined wood vinegar and impurity-removed emulsified tar".
[0133] Figure 1 Explanation of numbers and symbols: I – For solid fuel forming assembly device, I -I—Includes a set of modular machinery for drying and dehydrating A / B / D materials from environmental waste, or for mixing them. -II —A unit-combination machine for uniformly mixing materials, I -III —A combined storage silo machinery with a built-in metering and discharging device for adding additives, I -IV —For pellet mills of solid fuels, I -V —For briquetting machines for solid fuels, I -VI --Dust removal combination machinery, I -VII --Combined drying and dehydration unit machinery I -I Heating unit machinery, I -VIII --A combined machine with a buffer storage silo and a built-in metering and discharging device, I -IX —A buffer storage silo for storing pre-mixed materials, I -X — Enclosed belt conveyor machinery; II — Central control room; A′ — Combined device for crushing and removing impurities from A; B′ — Combined device for fermentation, deodorization, and disinfection of B; B′ — Combined device for dry distillation of C to obtain residual carbon residue, etc., or a combined device for refined wood vinegar and impurity-removed emulsified tar; D′ — Combined device for crushing and removing impurities from D. Figure 1 The thick lines with arrows and the boxes with arrows both indicate the direction of material flow.
[0134] Figure 2Explanation of numbers and symbols: C′-1 – A dry distillation tank belonging to the combined equipment C′; C′-2 – A combined machine for crushing and pulverizing plant-based raw materials; C′-3 – A combined machine for rectifying and depurifying the flue gas from the dry distillation tank; C′-3-1 – A vertical distillation column belonging to the combined machine C′-3; C′-3-2 – An electric heating wire or electromagnetic component with an external control circuit installed outside the distillation column C′-3-1; C′-3-3 – A top condenser installed at the top of the distillation column C′-3-1 to control the reflux flow rate of the dry distillation flue gas and the temperature of the top gas outlet; C′-3-4 – The outlet of the dry distillation gas after rectification, located below the top condenser C′-3-3; C′-3-5 – A smoke suppressor; C′-3-6 – A condenser with an inclined or vertically downward outlet; C′-3-7 – A collection tank assembly for condensing the "dry distillation gas after rectification" into liquid at room temperature or low temperature. Mechanical components, C′-3-8 – Discharge valve for adding impurity-removing adsorbent, C′-3-9 – Storage silo for impurity-removing adsorbent, C′-3-10 – Guide pipe, C′-3-11 – Combustible gas burner for heating “dry distillation tank C′-1”, C′-3-12 – Combustible gas storage tank, C′-3-13 – Filter, C′-3-14 – Temporary storage tank for the detoxified plant-based dry distillation liquid formulation product, i.e., refined wood vinegar. Combined machinery; C′-4——Combined machinery for preparing depurified emulsified tar products, C′-4-1——Reboiler, C′-4-2——Condenser, C′-4-3——Stirred tank, C′-4-4——Vacuum filter, C′-4-5——Storage silo for collecting "depurified emulsified tar products", C′-4-6——Electric heating wire or electromagnetic heating element with external control electrical appliances and circuit heating, C′-4-7——Thermal oil boiler or salt bath furnace. Figure 2 The thick solid line with arrows indicates the direction of material flow, the thick dashed line with arrows indicates the direction of combustion and heating, and the two parallel thin dashed lines with arrows indicate reflux in the distillation column. Detailed Implementation
[0135] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the technical solution of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other equivalent embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example 1.
[0136] The clean production assembly equipment used to prepare clean products from environmental waste is characterized by the following: the "clean production assembly equipment" is a set of containers that carry out the preparation process, with at least the auxiliary functions of noise reduction, dust removal, and convenient maintenance or relocation. The production line can be connected in series or / and parallel in different combinations of containers carrying "any or more of the following process functional units: coarse crushing, fine crushing, impurity removal, drying, or fermentation, dry distillation, carbonization, and blending, and granulation, packaging, or dry distillation and rectification". It can not only be capable of taking any one of combustible materials A, B, C, and D as raw materials, but also can take any one of combustible materials A, B, C, and D and combine it with any or more of the remaining three materials as raw materials to produce different series / specifications of "solid fuel product subset 1" and "refined wood vinegar, or refined wood vinegar and impurity-removed emulsified tar product subset 2"; the "A, B, C, and D" materials specifically refer to:
[0137] A – Biomass waste in environments that does not or is difficult to produce odors.
[0138] B – Material from biomass waste fermentation in a deodorized and disinfected environment.
[0139] C – The carbon residue remaining after the dry distillation of the aforementioned “A” and / or “B”.
[0140] D—Waste plastics in environmental waste and / or waste plastics collected by the community;
[0141] The "clean production combined equipment" is divided into two parts: sub-combination unit A for preparing "solid fuel product subset 1", or sub-combination unit B for preparing "refined wood vinegar, or refined wood vinegar and impurity-removed emulsified tar product subset 2";
[0142] The “cleaning product set” includes the aforementioned subset 1, or subset 1 and the aforementioned subset 2. Example 2.
[0143] The "sub-assembly device A" described in Example 1 is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the feature is:
[0144] The technological objective of "Sub-combination Unit A" is to produce a subset 1 of solid fuel products; its structural configuration relates to the "Sub-combination Unit A" described in Example 1 and the "production line capable of being connected in series or / and parallel to form a production line in different combinations of 'containers equipped with coarse crushing, fine grinding, impurity removal, drying, or fermentation, dry distillation, carbonization, and blending, and then granulation and packaging process functional units'", its features include at least the combinations shown in Examples 2-1 to 2-8 below; and its function relates to the "ability to select any one of combustible materials A, B, C, and D and combine it with any one or more of the remaining three materials as raw materials", i.e., its functional features include at least the combinations shown in Examples 2-9 below:
[0145] Example 2-1. The "sub-combination device A" is equipped with a solid fuel forming and combining device I, which may include at least one unit combination machine I for drying and dehydrating or mixing A / B / D materials from environmental waste. -I Or there may be a "I" above that only refers to "drying and dehydration". -I "The subsequent material is mixed in a uniform manner using unit combination machinery I" -II , or and in the aforementioned "I -II Upstream of the machine, there is also a storage silo combination machine with its own metering and discharging device for adding additives. -III In the aforementioned "I -II Downstream, a pelletizer I for solid fuel is installed. -IV or / and briquetting machine I -V ; For "unit combination machinery for implementing drying and dehydration I" -I From “implementing homogenized hybrid unit combination machinery I”, to “implementing homogenized hybrid unit combination machinery I” -II Between these sections, there is a buffer storage silo combination machine I equipped with a metering and discharging device for storing different varieties (A, B, C, and D) of dried materials. -VIII ; in the “I -II "and downstream "granulator I" -IV or / and briquetting machine I -V Between these sections, there is a buffer storage silo for storing the mixed materials. -IX ;
[0146] Example 2-2. Upstream of “I” in Example 2-1, a combined device A′ can be connected to crush and remove plant-based waste material that does not produce odor or is not easily odorous from environmental waste, i.e., A; Note 1, “can also be connected” here means that if the required crushed and removed Class A material can be obtained from commercial collaborative supply chains, the sub-combined device A′ immediately adjacent to “I” can be omitted upstream of “I”;
[0147] Example 2-3. Upstream of “I” as described in Example 2-1, there is a combined device B′ for fermenting, deodorizing, and disinfecting odorous or easily odorous environmental waste material, i.e., B; Note 2, the “or” mentioned here means that if the required fermented, deodorized, and disinfected Class B material can be obtained from commercial collaborative supply chains, etc., then the sub-combined device B′ immediately adjacent to “I” can be omitted upstream of “I”.
[0148] Example 2-4. Upstream of "I" as described in Example 2-1, there is a combination device C′ for "biomass waste material in an environment that is not or is difficult to smell", or / and "biomass waste fermented in an environment that has been deodorized and disinfected", which involves pyrolysis of material C to obtain residual carbon residue, etc., or for refining wood vinegar and depurifying emulsified tar; Note 3, the "or" mentioned here means that if the required Class C pyrolysis carbon residue or tar material can be obtained from a commercial collaborative supply chain, the sub-combination device C′ immediately adjacent to "I" can be omitted upstream of "I";
[0149] Example 2-5. Upstream of “I” in Example 2-1, there is also a combined device D′ for crushing and removing impurities from waste plastics in environmental waste, i.e., D; Note 4, “or” here means that if the required crushed and removed waste plastic material of type D can be obtained from commercial collaborative supply chains, etc., then the sub-combined device D′ immediately adjacent to “I” can be omitted upstream of “I”.
[0150] Example 2-6. Between the "forming combination device I" described in Example 2-1, and the "combination device A′ for crushing and removing impurities from plant-based waste (A) in environmental waste that does not emit odor or is not easily odorous" described in Example 2-2, the "combination device B′ for fermenting, deodorizing, and disinfecting material B in environmental waste that emits or is easily odorous" described in Example 2-3, the "combination device C′ for dry distillation to obtain residual carbon residue (C) or tar" described in Example 2-4, and the "combination device D′ for crushing and removing impurities from waste plastics (D) in environmental waste" described in Example 2-5, a closed belt conveyor I can be installed for the clean transport of materials. -X ;
[0151] Example 2-7. In order to enable the "clean production combined equipment" to be noise-reduced, dust-removed, easy to clean and maintain, and quick to be modularly transported during operation, as described in Examples 2-1 to 2-5 above, "combined device I" and "combined device A' to "combined device D'" can be installed in a container of international standard or automotive standard length, width, and height, such as I, or any combination of I with A' to D'.
[0152] Example 2-8. In the "I" described in Example 2-1, a dust removal combined machine I may also be provided. -VI The characteristic is that each "container" as described in Examples 2-7 is equipped with an independent dust collector; or has an air inlet with a damper and an air outlet with a damper. The air outlets of each container are connected to a main dust collection pipeline, which is then led into a dust collection machine I equipped with a cyclone separator and a bag filter. -VI Or with dust removal machinery I -VI The exhaust air is then routed back to the air inlets of each container via a separate main duct.
[0153] Example 2-9. The preferred functional feature of the solid fuel product subset 1 obtained by the "sub-combination device A" is that it is capable of preparing: any one of A, B, C, and D combined with any one or more of the remaining three materials, or / and taking only C independently, in a weight ratio of "W" of each material. A +W B +W C +W D "Under the framework of constant equal to 10 parts by weight, the ratio of the weight parts of each type of material"W A / W B / W C / W D "Various variations within the range of "0~9.9 / 0~8 / 0~10 / 0~6", but when only the independent C is taken, i.e. "W" A / W B / W C / W D When the weight ratio of "C" is "0 / 0 / 10 / 0", the corresponding carbonization feedstock of C must contain material B. This ratio change constitutes a total solid fuel product subset 1. Example 3.
[0154] As attached Figure 1 As shown, the "I" mentioned in Example 2-1 of Example 2 -I The unit can be equipped with any one of the following: a combustible gas combustion furnace, a biomass pellet fuel combustion furnace, a waste dry distillation gasification combustion furnace, or a charcoal dry distillation device capable of discharging waste heat, as a heating unit for drying and dehydration. -VII . Example 4.
[0155] The "sub-assembly device B" described in Example 1 is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the feature is:
[0156] The process objective of the "sub-unit B" is to produce a detoxified refined wood vinegar product, or to produce a purified emulsified tar product; its structural setup and functional features include the following examples 4-1, 4-2, or a combination of examples 4-3:
[0157] Example 4-1. To prepare detoxified refined wood vinegar, at the inlet end of the dry distillation tank C′-1 in the “combined equipment C′” described in Examples 2-4 of Example 2, a combined machine C′-2 for crushing and pulverizing plant material raw materials is installed.
[0158] Example 4-2. To prepare detoxified refined wood vinegar, a combined machine C′-3 is installed after the flue gas outlet of the dry distillation tank C′-1 to perform distillation and impurity removal of the flue gas. This combined machine C′-3 specifically includes: a vertical distillation column C′-3-1; an externally connected control electrical circuit with built-in heating wires or electromagnetic components C′-3-2; and a top condenser C′-3-3 at the top of the distillation column C′-3-1 to control the reflux flow rate of the dry distillation flue gas and the temperature of the top outlet gas. Below the top condenser C′-3-3 of the distillation column, a pyrolysis gas outlet C′-3-4 is provided near the top of the column. Inside the distillation column C′-3-1 below the pyrolysis gas outlet C′-3-4, a smoke suppressor C′-3-5 is installed. Following the aforementioned pyrolysis gas outlet C′-3-4, a condenser C′-3-6 with an inclined or vertically downward outlet is installed. Below the outlet of the condenser C′-3-6, a collection tank at room temperature or low temperature is provided for condensing the pyrolysis gas into a liquid. The combined machinery C′-3-7; or, on each tank in the “collecting tank group C′-3-7”, a discharge valve C′-3-8 for adding impurity-removing adsorbent or a storage bin C′-3-9 for the impurity-removing adsorbent; for the non-condensable gas passing through the “condenser C′-3-6”, a guide pipe C′-3-10 is installed on each tank of the “collecting tank combined machinery C′-3-7” to guide it to the “combustible gas” combustion stove C′-3-11 or the “combustible gas” storage tank C′-3-12 heating the “dry distillation tank C′-1”; in the “collecting tank combined machinery” Below “Mechanical C′-3-7”, a filter C′-3-13 is further installed; after “filter C′-3-13”, a combined mechanical unit C′-3-14 is installed for the temporary storage of the detoxified plant-based dry distillation liquid formulation product, namely refined wood vinegar; the “collection tank combination mechanical unit C′-3-7” can be equipped with at least 2 or 3 tanks to collect, for example, the fractions with a temperature range of 85 to 190°C at the inlet of the condenser C′-3-6 after passing through the smoke suppressor, and are at least divided into 2 or 3 temperature range fractions of low and high or low, medium and high temperature zones;
[0159] Note 5: As mentioned above, “'Collection Tank Combination Machinery C′-3-7' can be equipped with at least 2 or 3 tanks to collect, for example, the fraction with a temperature range of 85-190℃ at the inlet of the condenser C′-3-6 after passing through the smoke suppressor, and is divided into at least 2 or 3 temperature range segments of low, high, or low, medium, and high temperature zones;” This setup corresponds to the “85-190℃ range fraction” being “segmented” and “collected separately” according to market requirements, as described in Technical Solution 13. Its positive significance is that during the use of the equipment, it is convenient to implement the collection of only “high temperature product A” as described in Technical Solution 13. 高温段 "or Product A" as described in technical solution 13 中温段 "or / and "Product A" 高温段 The innovation of using activated carbon adsorption is that the product yield will be higher than that of existing technology 1 (CN85100470.9), because it can obtain more liquid product than from medium and high temperature fractions above 100℃, namely, from "Product A" as described in technical solution 13. 中温段 "or / and "Product A" 高温段 When quality inspection reveals that the impurity content is too high, it can be addressed by examining only a small amount of "Product A". 中温段 "or / and "Product A" 高温段 "Firstly, activated carbon adsorption treatment can easily correct and improve the quality of product A; secondly, the amount of material required for activated carbon adsorption treatment is far less than that in existing technologies 2 (CN 201010535032.3) and 3 (CN 201910868073.5), because the amount of material required for activated carbon adsorption treatment in technical solution 13 is much less than that in existing technologies 2 (CN 201010535032.3) and 3 (CN 201910868073.5), because the amount of material required for activated carbon adsorption treatment of product A ... 低温段 Such as "85~95℃" or "Low-temperature product A" 低温段 "For example, at 85-100℃, activated carbon adsorption treatment is usually not required," which omits the requirement for "Product A." 低温段 For example, the fraction at 85–100℃ is treated with activated carbon adsorption.
[0160] Example 4-3. Or, to prepare a purified emulsified tar product, a combined machine C′-4 is installed below the "distillation column C′-3-1" described in Example 4-2. This combined machine C′-4 specifically includes: a reboiler C′-4-1 installed below the distillation column C′-3-1, wherein the reboiler C′-4-1 is provided with a heating medium jacket layer, and a rock wool insulation layer is installed outside the heating medium jacket layer; a condenser C′-4-2 is installed after the outlet of the reboiler C′-4-1; and an emulsifier addition and absorption device is installed after the outlet of the condenser C′-4-2. A mixing tank C′-4-3 for additives or water; a vacuum filter C′-4-4 is installed after the mixing tank C′-4-3; a storage silo C′-4-5 for collecting the "de-impurified emulsified tar product" is installed after the vacuum filter C′-4-4; an electric heating wire or electromagnetic heating element C′-4-6 connected to external control electrical appliances, circuit heating or other electrical components is installed inside the "rock wool insulation layer" outside the reboiler C′-4-1; the inlet and outlet of the "heating medium jacket layer" of the reboiler C′-4-1 are connected in series with the outlet and inlet of a thermal oil boiler or salt bath furnace C′-4-7. Note 6: As mentioned above, the materials of the distillation column and reboiler can be conventional materials resistant to organic acid corrosion, such as 1Gr9Ti18Ni stainless steel, acid-resistant enamel, etc.; the packing in the distillation column can be ceramic / magnetic corrugated plates, etc. Example 5.
[0161] To facilitate centralized control of the "clean production combined equipment" described in Example 1, as shown in the attached document... Figure 1 As shown, a central control room II is set up. In addition to the control electrical boxes set up next to the control points of each node in the combined unit, the control buttons of each node in the combined unit are connected to the terminal table of the central control room II by wires; or the real-time material movement images of each node in the combined unit are connected to the terminal video of the central control room II by wires. Example 6.
[0162] A collection of clean products prepared from environmental waste is provided, characterized in that: the "collection of clean products" includes "a subset 1 of solid fuel products" produced by combining one of combustible materials A, B, C, and D from environmental waste with any one or more of the remaining three materials as raw materials, and "a subset 2 of refined wood vinegar, or refined wood vinegar and de-emulsified tar". Example 7.
[0163] The “Solid Fuel Product Subset 1” described in Example 6 is characterized in that:
[0164] The “A” in Example 1 includes at least the following: waste cotton wool, waste furniture, waste mushroom sticks, waste wood discarded from the construction industry, deactivated activated carbon residue discarded from the decolorization process of the sugar / pharmaceutical / oil industry, straw / withered vines / seed hulls discarded from agriculture, and any combination of shredded materials from roadsides or woodlands / landscapes that have naturally fallen or been pruned, or shredded materials after the removal of glass / stones / metal;
[0165] The “B” mentioned in Example 1 includes at least: biogas residue, kitchen waste, catering waste, kitchen waste, livestock and poultry manure, mycelial fermentation residue discarded by biochemical industry, sludge discharged from domestic sewage purification sedimentation tank, floating garbage material excavated from landfill, domestic garbage material excavated from landfill, and pulverized material of any one or more combinations of wet / dry garbage collected from society daily, or pulverized material after separating and removing glass / stone / metal;
[0166] The “C” in Example 1 includes at least: carbon residue remaining after the glass / stone / metal has been removed by dry distillation and separation from the aforementioned “A” and / or the aforementioned “B”; or: deactivated activated carbon adsorbed with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and pigment impurities from the condensate of the re-distillation of the purified dry distillation fraction or from the tar produced by the re-distillation of the purified dry distillation fraction.
[0167] The “D” described in Example 1 includes at least the following: crushed material from any combination of agricultural waste plastic film, fishery waste plastic nets / buoys, waste plastic turf discarded from sports fields, waste plastic products / fabrics containing chemical fibers, mixed waste plastics obtained from waste furniture, mixed waste plastic film discharged from waste paper recycling industry, plastic / plastic waste scraps discharged from footwear industry, and waste plastic film scraps discharged from packaging and printing industry, or pulverized material or lumps / extruded strips / granules after glass / stones / metal have been separated and removed;
[0168] In Example 2, the "W" mentioned in Examples 2-9 refers to the sum of the weight parts of each type of material. A +W B +W C +W D "Under the framework of constant equal to 10 parts by weight, the ratio of the weight parts of each type of material"W A / W B / W C / W D "Various variations within the range of "0~9.9 / 0~8 / 0~10 / 0~6", but when only the independent C is taken, i.e. "W" A / W B / W C / W DWhen the weight ratio of C is "0 / 0 / 10 / 0", the corresponding carbonization feedstock of C must contain material B. This ratio change constitutes a total solid fuel product subset 1. Specifically, solid fuel product subset 1 includes at least any or more combinations of the following 1) to 11):
[0169] 1): When A and B are combined, i.e. W C W D When it is always equal to 0 parts by weight, then "W" A / W B / W C / W D "A suitable weight ratio can vary within the range of '9.9~5 / 0.1~5 / 0 / 0';
[0170] Or / and 2): When A and C are combined, i.e. W B W D When it is always equal to 0 parts by weight, then "W" A / W B / W C / W D "A suitable weight ratio can vary within the range of '0.1 to 9.9 / 0 / 9.9 to 0.1 / 0';
[0171] Or / and 3): When A and D are combined, i.e. W B W C When it is always equal to 0 parts by weight, then "W" A / W B / W C / W D "A suitable weight ratio can vary within the range of '9 to 4 / 0 / 0 / 1 to 6';
[0172] Or / and 4): When A is combined with B and C, i.e. W D When it is always equal to 0 parts by weight, then "W" A / W B / W C / W D "The appropriate weight ratio can vary in the range of 7.9 to 1.9 / 2 to 0.1 / 0.1 to 8 / 0, or in the range of 1 to 1.9 / 8 to 0.1 / 1 to 8 / 0;
[0173] Or / and 5): When A is combined with C and D, i.e. W B When it is always equal to 0 parts by weight, then "W" A / W B / W C / W D "The appropriate weight ratio can vary in the range of 7.9 to 2 / 0 / 0.1 to 2 / 2 to 6, or in the range of 4 to 5 / 0 / 5 to 2 / 1 to 3;
[0174] Or / and 6): When A is combined with B and D, i.e. W C When it is always equal to 0 parts by weight, then "W" A / W B / W C / W D "The appropriate weight ratio can vary in the range of '4 to 2 / 5 to 2 / 0 / 1 to 6', or in the range of '6 to 4 / 3 to 2 / 0 / 1 to 4';
[0175] Or / and 7): When A is combined with B and C with D, then "W" A / W B / W C / W D "The appropriate weight ratio can vary in the range of "6 to 2 / 0.1 to 1 / 2 to 1 / 1.9 to 6", or in the range of "1 to 7 / 8 to 0.1 / 0.1 to 0.4 / 0.9 to 2.5";
[0176] Or / and 8): When taking the combination of B and C, that is, W A W D When it is always equal to 0 parts by weight, then "W" A / W B / W C / W D "A suitable weight ratio can vary in the range of 0 / 5 to 0.1 / 5 to 9.9 / 0, or in the range of 0 / 2 to 8 / 8 to 2 / 0;
[0177] Or / and 9): When taking the combination of B and D, that is, W A W C When it is always equal to 0 parts by weight, then "W" A / W B / W C / W D "A suitable weight ratio can vary within the range of 0 / 8 to 4 / 0 / 2 to 6;"
[0178] Or / and 10): When taking the combination of C and D, i.e. W A W B When it is always equal to 0 parts by weight, then "W" A / W B / W C / W D "A suitable weight ratio can vary within the range of '0 / 0 / 9 to 4 / 1 to 6';
[0179] Or / and 11): When taking the combination of B, C, and D, i.e. W A When it is always equal to 0 parts by weight, then "W" A / W B / W C / / WD "The appropriate weight ratio can vary in the range of 0 / 3 to 1 / 2 to 7 / 5 to 3, or in the range of 0 / 3 to 2 / 6 to 2 / 1 to 6." Example 8.
[0180] The “Solid Fuel Product Set 1” described in Example 6 may contain alkaline additives to prevent ash from sintering, such as any one or more combinations of lime, calcium carbonate, and raw vermiculite powder; or may contain acidic additives that, when measured by a test paper method, show a pH value ≤7 or ≈7 when 10% of agglomerated ash is soaked in a room temperature aqueous solution for 10 minutes, such as any one or more combinations of clay, kaolin, attapulgite, diatomaceous earth, and waste glass powder; or may contain tar derived from the “dry distillation” process described in Definition C of Example 1. Example 9.
[0181] In the "Solid Fuel Product Set 1" described in Example 1, the weight parts W of the "Alkaline Additive Material for Preventing Ash from Sintering" described in Example 8 are included. 碱性性助剂物料 The weight parts W of the ash of “A” and / or “B” and / or “C” and / or “D” as described in Example 1 灰烬 Ratio: W 碱性性助剂物料 / W 灰烬 Within the range of 0.1 to 0.25 / 1; the weight parts W of the "acidic auxiliary material" described in Example 8 酸性助剂物料 The weight parts W of the ash of “A” and / or “B” and / or “C” and / or “D” as described in Example 1 灰烬 Ratio: W 酸性助剂物料 / W 灰烬 Within the range of 1 to 1.5 / 1; the weight parts W of the "tar" described in Example 8 焦油 The weight parts W of “A” and / or “B” and / or “C” and / or “D” as described in Example 1 A或 / 和B或 / 和C或 / 和D Ratio: W 焦油 / W A或 / 和B或 / 和C或 / 和D It is in the range of 0 to 1 / 10. Example 10.
[0182] In the "Solid Fuel Product Set 1" described in Example 6, the fuel forming characteristics are as follows: "A" and / or "B" and / or "C" and / or "D" as described in Example 1, or all of them, are dried and dehydrated, and then processed according to Examples 2-9 of Example 2 or "W" as described in Example 7. A / W B / W C / W DAfter mixing in different ranges of 0 to 9.9, 0 to 5, 0 to 10, and 0 to 6, the mixed material is extruded through a die to form columnar solid fuel, or extruded through a die to form solid or hollow rod solid fuel.
[0183] Alternatively, the fuel forming characteristics of the "Solid Fuel Product Set 1" described in Example 6 are as follows: "A" and / or "B" and / or "C" and / or "D" as described in Example 1, or all of them are dried and dehydrated, and then processed according to Examples 2-9 of Example 2 or "W" as described in Example 7. A / W B / W C / W D After mixing in different variations within the range of 0~9.9 / 0~5 / 0~10 / 0~6, the mixed material is processed by a honeycomb brick, honeycomb coal, coal ball, or non-standard extruder to press the material into a porous brick shape, honeycomb coal shape, coal ball shape, or bent fruit shape solid fuel; or, in addition to the aforementioned "porous brick shape, honeycomb coal shape, coal ball shape, or bent fruit shape", recessed crack grooves can be pre-set on its surface to facilitate subsequent ash fragmentation. Example 11.
[0184] The "Solid Fuel Product Set 1" described in Example 6 involves the "porous brick-shaped" "solid fuel" described in Example 10, which contains the "acidic additive material F, such as any one or more combinations of clay, kaolin, attapulgite, diatomaceous earth, and waste glass powder" described in Example 8, used as an easily sinterable material; or the percentage W of the "acidic additive material" in the total weight of the "solid fuel". 酸性助剂物料F The percentage can be in the range of 10% to 20%. Example 12.
[0185] The "component 2 comprising refined wood vinegar, or refined wood vinegar and impurity-reduced emulsified tar product" described in Example 6 is characterized in that:
[0186] Example 12-1. The raw materials used in “Subset 2” are “A” and / or “B” materials as described in Example 7;
[0187] Example 12-2. After the dry distillation flue gas is condensed and refluxed at the top of the distillation column and the flue gas is eliminated, the fraction collected at the bottom of the column at atmospheric pressure or at the top of the column with a distillation temperature in the reboiler or in the range of 85-190°C is then condensed and collected in a room temperature or low temperature temporary storage tank, or subjected to adsorption filtration, thereby producing a detoxified refined wood vinegar.
[0188] Example 12-3. The "refined wood vinegar" described in Example 12-2 has a pH value of 1 to 3 in its 10% aqueous solution, and the main harmful components are limited to the following ranges:
[0189] According to the national standard GB / T 5009.27-2016, the concentration of 3,4-benzopyrene was <2 μg / kg.
[0190] According to the national standard GB / T 16631-2008, formaldehyde content was <1 mg / kg.
[0191] According to the national standard GB / T 15337-2008, lead content was <1 mg / kg.
[0192] According to the national standard GB / T 21191-2007, the arsenic content was <0.1 mg / kg;
[0193] Example 12-4. The pyrolysis flue gas is condensed and refluxed through a distillation column and falls into the reboiler at the bottom of the distillation column. After the collection of fractions above 190°C is stopped at the top of the column, the tar in the reboiler, which is kept at a constant temperature of 210-250°C, is released. An emulsifier is then added to control the pH value at ≤7. Activated carbon adsorbent or water is added while the material is in a non-viscous liquid state. The mixture is then cooled to below 100°C and filtered while still in a non-viscous state. This process yields detoxified plant-based pyrolysis emulsified tar.
[0194] Example 12-5. The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) content in the "emulsified tar" described in Example 12-4 is ≤50 mg / L, and the volatile matter content therein meets the following quality inspection requirements: when it is blended into a rubber compound / mixture, the blended rubber compound / mixture is a material that has not undergone a cracking temperature treatment process that rubber cannot withstand, and it can withstand a non-smoke test at 180°C / 10 minutes using a vulcanizer or Mooney meter; the blending refers to the "emulsified tar" having a weight content of 10% to 30% in a rubber compound / mixture with a pure rubber weight content of not less than 30%; the non-smoke test refers to the non-smoke test at 180°C / 10 minutes using a vulcanizer or Mooney meter. The tolerable pyrolysis temperature refers to the temperature that has not been previously subjected to a temperature greater than or equal to 180°C; the non-smoke test specifically refers to: taking 3-5g of rubber compound / mixture sample, placing a polyester film on the top and bottom of the sample, then placing it on a vulcanizer or Mooney viscometer, heating it at 180°C for 10 minutes, removing the sample, letting it stand at room temperature for no less than 5 minutes, then peeling off the polyester films on the top and bottom of the sample and stacking them together, and moving it to a fluorescent lamp for observation, the polyester film being stained yellow will not be darker than 101C or 601C of the international standard color (PANTONE) card;
[0195] The "rubber compound / mixture" may have the following formulation: 100 parts styrene-butadiene rubber, 5 parts zinc oxide, 1 part stearic acid, 2 parts sulfur, 1.5 parts accelerator CZ, 0.5 parts accelerator TMTD, 1 part antioxidant MB, 0 to 60 parts carbon black N330, 0 to 200 parts calcium carbonate, 0 to 15 parts machine oil, and vulcanization conditions of 155°C / 7 minutes.
[0196] Example 12-6. The "emulsified tar" described in Example 12-4 has a 10% aqueous solution with a pH value preferably in the range of 6 to 7;
[0197] Either the "refined wood vinegar" or the "emulsified tar" described in Examples 12-1 to 12-6 above can be an independent product. Example 13.
[0198] The "fraction with a distillate temperature in the reboiler at the bottom of the column or at the top of the column with a temperature in the range of 85-190°C under atmospheric pressure" described in Example 12-2 of Example 12 can be separated into low-temperature and high-temperature sections for separate collection according to market requirements, i.e.:
[0199] Low-temperature product A 低温段 For example, 85~95℃, and high-temperature product A 高温段 For example, 95–190℃;
[0200] Or low-temperature product A 低温段 For example, 85~100℃, and high-temperature product A 高温段 For example, 100~190℃;
[0201] Or low-temperature product A 低温段 For example, 85~105℃, compared with high-temperature product A 高温段 For example, 105~190℃;
[0202] Or low-temperature product A 低温段 For example, 85~120℃, and high-temperature product A 高温段 For example, 120–190℃;
[0203] Or low-temperature product A 低温段 For example, 85~135℃, compared with high-temperature product A 高温段 For example, 135~190℃;
[0204] Or low-temperature product A 低温段 For example, 85~155℃, compared with high-temperature product A 高温段 For example, 155~190℃;
[0205] Alternatively, the fraction in the 85–190℃ range can be separated into low, medium, and high temperature sections for separate collection according to market requirements.
[0206] Low-temperature product A 低温段 For example, 85-95℃, compared with product A in the medium temperature range. 中温段 For example, 95~125℃, compared with high-temperature product A 高温段 For example, 125~190℃;
[0207] Or low-temperature product A 低温段 For example, at 85-100℃, compared with product A in the medium temperature range. 中温段For example, 100~135℃, and product A in the high-temperature range. 高温段 For example, 135~190℃;
[0208] Or low-temperature product A 低温段 For example, 85~105℃, compared with product A in the medium temperature range. 中温段 For example, 105~140℃, compared with high-temperature product A 高温段 For example, 140–190℃;
[0209] Or low-temperature product A 低温段 For example, 85~120℃, compared with product A in the medium temperature range. 中温段 For example, 120~155℃, and high-temperature product A 高温段 For example, 155~190℃;
[0210] Or low-temperature product A 低温段 For example, 85~135℃, compared with product A in the medium temperature range. 中温段 For example, 135~155℃, and high-temperature product A. 高温段 For example, 155~190℃;
[0211] Or low-temperature product A 低温段 For example, 85~155℃, compared with product A in the medium temperature range. 中温段 For example, 155~165℃, compared with high-temperature product A 高温段 For example, 165–190℃;
[0212] Product A, which is "divided into low and high temperature sections", 低温段 A 高温段 Product A, or "divided into low, medium, and high temperature stages". 低温段 A 中温段 A 高温段 Each of these can become an independent product.
[0213] Note 7: As described in Example 13 above, the "85-190℃ range fraction" is "collected separately in segments according to market requirements." Its positive significance lies in the fact that during the preparation process, it is usually only necessary to process "Product A" as described in Example 13. 中温段 "or / and "Product A" 高温段 The innovation of using activated carbon adsorption treatment is that the product yield will be higher than that of the existing technology (CN85100470.9), because it yields more liquid product than from medium and high temperature fractions above 100°C, as described in Example 13, "Product A". 中温段 "or / and "Product A" 高温段 If quality inspection finds that the impurity content is too high, it can be addressed by processing only a small amount of "Product A". 中温段 "or / and "Product A" 高温段"By performing activated carbon adsorption treatment, this part of "Product A" can be easily removed." 中温段 "or / and "Product A" 高温段 "Quality correction and improvement; secondly, the amount of material to be treated with activated carbon adsorption is much lower than that in existing technology 2 (CN 201010535032.3) and existing technology 3 (CN 201910868073.5), because for the "Product A" described in Example 13..." 低温段 Such as "85~95℃" or "Low-temperature product A" 低温段 "For example, at 85-100℃, activated carbon adsorption treatment is usually not required," which omits the requirement for "Product A." 低温段 For example, the fraction at 85-100℃ is treated with activated carbon adsorption. Example 14.
[0214] The "Solid Fuel Product Set 1" described in Example 6 has the following physical properties regarding composition, ash content, and calorific value: a, b, d, or preferably a first combination of a, b, d, f; or a, c, e, or preferably a second combination of a, c, e, f.
[0215] a. Composition: As described in Example 1, "in 'W A +W B +W C +W D Under the framework of 'constantly equal to 10 parts by weight, by W' A / W B / W C / W D "Different variations within the range of 0~9.9 / 0~5 / 0~10 / 0~6";
[0216] b. The molar ratio of (SiO2+Al2O3)mol / (CaO+MgO)mol in the ash after combustion is <2, or the pH value of the room temperature aqueous solution containing 10% ash after soaking for 10 minutes is ≥8 by the test paper method; and the calorific value of combustion is ≥2500 kcal / kg;
[0217] c. The molar ratio of (SiO2+Al2O3)mol / (CaO+MgO)mol in the ash after combustion is ≥2, or the pH value of the aqueous solution containing 10% agglomerated ash that has been soaked for 10 minutes at room temperature is ≤7 or ≈7 by the test paper method; and the calorific value of combustion is ≥2500 kcal / kg;
[0218] d. The ash is in a loose state;
[0219] e. The ash material is in a sintered state with a regular shape, and the "regular shape" includes at least a porous brick shape or a spherical / pebbly shape similar to the size of a quail egg.
[0220] f. Preferably, the calorific value is ≥4500 kcal / kg. Example 15.
[0221] The method for producing "solid fuel product subset 1" by the "sub-combination device A" described in Example 1 is characterized by including a combination of at least the following steps:
[0222] Step I: Material preparation. The following main / auxiliary materials suitable for solid fuel pelleting or compression molding can be obtained through self-production or / and market procurement or outsourcing:
[0223] Main materials: Select and prepare materials according to “A”, “B”, “C” and “D” as described in Examples 1, 6 and 7, or dry and dehydrate them;
[0224] Auxiliary materials: Prepare the materials according to the "alkaline auxiliary materials", "acidic auxiliary materials", and "tar" as described in Example 8;
[0225] Step II: As described in Example 9, "W" 碱性性助剂物料 / W 灰烬 "In the range of 0.1 to 0.25 / 1", "W" 碱性助剂物料 / W 灰烬 "In the range of 1 to 1.5 / 1", "W" 焦油 / W A或 / 和B或 / 和C或 / 和D "In the range of 0 to 1 / 10", and the "percentage by weight W" of the "acidic additive material" in the total weight of "solid fuel" as described in Example 11. 酸性助剂物料F "% can be in the range of 10-20%", metered mixing;
[0226] Step III: Form the solid fuel into a columnar shape by extruding through a die, or into a solid or hollow rod shape by extruding through a die, as described in Example 10, or by using a honeycomb brick, honeycomb briquette, coal ball, or non-standard extruder.
[0227] Step IV: Measure and package, or stack on logistics pallets, and put into storage. Example 16.
[0228] The method of preparation performed by "sub-assembly device B" on "subset 2" in Example 1 is characterized by: preparing "refined wood vinegar" involving subset 2 using the first combination of steps from Examples 16-1 to 16-5; and using the second combination of steps from Examples 16-1, 16-2 and 16-5, 16-6 on "emulsified tar" involving subset 2.
[0229] Example 16-1. Material preparation: Using "A" or / and "B" as defined in Examples 1 and 2 as raw materials for dry distillation, before entering the dry distillation tank, the raw materials are crushed / pulverized, or removed from hard impurities such as stone / iron, or dried, or mixed with any one or more combinations of acidic clay, clay, kaolin, diatomaceous earth, and glass powder to form intermediate material 1, or the intermediate material 1 is extruded into any one of the following shapes: granules, rods, mesoporous tubes, or honeycomb bricks to form intermediate material 2; or using "tree branches" in "A" as raw materials in Examples 1 and 2, before entering the dry distillation tank, the raw materials are crushed or cut into segments of 10-20cm in length that meet market demand to obtain intermediate material 3;
[0230] Example 16-2. The "intermediate material 1", "intermediate material 2" or "intermediate material 3" described in Example 16-1 are fed into a dry distillation tank. Combustible gas can be used as the heating source for the dry distillation tank. The heating rate in the dry distillation tank should preferably be controlled within the range of 3℃ / min to 5℃ / min.
[0231] Example 16-3. Using a distillation column with a heated reboiler at the bottom, the flue gas slowly output from the dry distillation tank is refluxed at the top of the distillation column, or after smoke elimination, the "fraction with a temperature of 85-190°C in the reboiler at the bottom or the distillate at the top of the column under atmospheric pressure" described in item 12-2 of Example 12 is collected. However, for the "fraction with a temperature of 85-190°C in the reboiler at the bottom or the distillate at the top of the column under atmospheric pressure", it can at least be divided into two sections, low and high temperature, or into three sections, low, medium and high temperature, as described in Example 13, and collected separately.
[0232] Note 8: The above-mentioned statement that "the fraction with a distillate temperature in the reboiler at the bottom of the column or at the top of the column at atmospheric pressure in the range of 85-190°C can be divided into two low-temperature and three high-temperature segments, or into three low-temperature, three-temperature segments, and collected separately," has at least two innovative implications: First, the product yield will certainly be higher than that of the prior art 1, namely CN85100470.9, because more liquid product is obtained than from the medium-temperature and high-temperature fractions above 100°C, i.e., from "Product A" as described in Example 13. 中温段 "or / and "Product A" 高温段 "When quality inspection finds that the impurity content is too high, it can be treated with activated carbon adsorption before being processed as 'Product A'." 中温段 "or / and "Product A" 高温段 "Quality correction and improvement; secondly, it usually only requires correction and improvement of 'high-temperature product A' as described in Example 13." 高温段 ", or "Product A" as described in Example 13 中温段 "or / and "Product A" 高温段", to perform activated carbon adsorption treatment, this method can reduce the amount of material to be treated by activated carbon adsorption by far less than that in prior art 2 (CN 201010535032.3) and prior art 3 (CN 201910868073.5), because for "Product A" described in Example 13 低温段 Such as "85~95℃" or "Low-temperature product A" 低温段 For example, at temperatures of 85–100℃, activated carbon adsorption treatment is usually not required, thus omitting the need for "Product A". 低温段 For example, the fraction at 85–100℃ is treated with activated carbon adsorption.
[0233] Example 16-4. The fraction described in Example 16-3, which has a distillate temperature in the reboiler at the bottom of the column or at the top of the column with a temperature in the range of 85 to 190°C under normal pressure, is further condensed and allowed to stand at low temperature, or the fractions collected at a temperature of 100°C or higher are further subjected to activated carbon adsorption and filtration, thereby obtaining a purified wood vinegar solution of the fraction with a distillate temperature in the range of 85 to 190°C at the top of the column under normal pressure.
[0234] Example 16-5. For the "fractions with a distillation temperature in the reboiler at the bottom of the column or at the top of the column with a temperature in the range of 85 to 190°C under atmospheric pressure" mentioned in Example 16-3, the gas that cannot be condensed into liquid after passing through the "condenser" is introduced into the "combustible gas" pipeline mentioned in 16-2 to supply the gas for heating the dry distillation tank system.
[0235] Example 16-6. The tar from dry distillation flue gas is condensed and refluxed through a distillation column and falls into the reboiler at the bottom of the column. After collecting the fraction from the bottom of the reboiler at atmospheric pressure or above 190°C at the top of the column is stopped, the tar in the reboiler, which is kept at a constant temperature of 210–250°C, is discharged. An emulsifier is then added to control the pH value to ≤7, and activated carbon adsorbent or water is added while the material is in a non-viscous liquid state. The mixture is then filtered to obtain a purified emulsified tar. The "emulsifier" can be any or a combination of known nonionic or anionic surfactants. Example 17.
[0236] The uses of "subset 1" and "subset 2" described in Example 6 are as follows: For "subset 1", based on the characteristics of the "fuel" ash therein, it includes at least Examples 17-1 and 17-2 as follows; while for "subset 2", the "refined wood vinegar" and "purified emulsified tar" therein include at least Examples 17-3 to 17-4 as follows:
[0237] Example 17-1. The solid fuel with the ash characteristics of “b” described in Example 14 can be used for combustion power generation or steam heating, or for lime production, provided that there is adequate exhaust gas dust removal.
[0238] Example 17-2. The solid fuel with the ash characteristics of “c” described in Example 14 can be used as a heating solid fuel in residential buildings or agricultural greenhouses; and the solid fuel ash with the characteristics of “c” can be used as bricks, stones, and sand in building materials, or as an ingredient in non-fired bricks and tiles, or as a slow-release granular fertilizer for plant cultivation.
[0239] Example 17-3. The "refined wood vinegar" described in Examples 1 and 6 can be used in agriculture as an insecticide / sterilizer, or as a component of an insecticide / sterilizer; it can be used as a plant growth stimulant or foliar fertilizer; it can also be used as a deodorizer / sterilizer in pet or livestock cages, or for deodorizing garbage transfer and carcass disposal sites.
[0240] Example 17-4. The "purified emulsified tar" described in Examples 1 and 6 can at least be used as a softener component in rubber product formulations. Example 18.
[0241] The "clean production assembly" described in Example 1 and the "clean product set" described in Example 6 may also include at least one or more of the following combinations:
[0242] Example 18-1. It can be integrated into existing industrial parks for the printing and packaging industry to help eliminate the blockage of plastic waste disposal for printed and packaged products in these industrial parks;
[0243] Example 18-2. Or it could be connected to existing facilities for processing wet household waste into organic fertilizer to help address the problem of unsold "organic fertilizer" at these companies.
[0244] Example 18-3. Or it could be connected to existing waste paper pulp production facilities to help eliminate the blockages in the disposal of waste plastic film materials in these enterprises;
[0245] Example 18-4. Or it could be connected to existing waste sorting production facilities to help eliminate the obstructions in the disposal of waste plastics in these enterprises;
[0246] Example 18-5. Or it may be located in the landfill area to stop the expansion of landfills and lay the industrial foundation for the eventual elimination of landfills;
[0247] Example 18-6. Or it may be set up in a forest farm to help the forest farm dispose of dead branches / leaves generated in the forest land, as well as dry / wet domestic waste generated by residents;
[0248] Example 18-7. Or it may be set up near the sedimentation tank of domestic sewage treatment to help the domestic sewage treatment industry to make green and high-value resource utilization of the combustible sediment sludge discharged.
[0249] Example 18-8. Or it may be located near the fermentation process equipment in the biochemical industry to help biochemical companies dispose of their discarded mycelial fermentation residue;
[0250] Example 18-9. Or it may be connected to existing industrial parks for sugar / pharmaceutical / oil industries to help dispose of the deactivated activated carbon residue discarded by the decolorization process of sugar / pharmaceutical / oil industries in these industrial parks;
[0251] Examples 18-10. Or it may be located in the periphery of the current city to help dispose of combustible solid waste separated from housing renovation waste or broken old furniture generated in today's urban life, or / and deodorized and dehydrated wet waste containing waste plastic or microplastic components after fermentation.
[0252] Regarding the above embodiments, the inventor draws the reader's attention to the following: Embodiments 1 to 5 support claims 1 to 5 as the first independent claim—clean production assembly equipment; Embodiments 6 to 14 support claims 6 to 14 as the second independent claim—a collection of clean products prepared from environmental waste, which can be separated from the first independent claim; Embodiments 15 to 16 support claims 15 to 16 as subordinate items of the first independent claim, namely the clean production assembly equipment—execution function; Embodiment 17 supports claim 17 as a subordinate item of the second independent claim, namely "a collection of clean products prepared from environmental waste"—the application function of the product; Embodiment 18 supports claim 18 as the first independent claim, namely "clean production assembly equipment," and the second independent claim, namely "a collection of clean products prepared from environmental waste," both of which are subordinate items of the application function of "clean production assembly equipment" and "a collection of clean products prepared from environmental waste." The positive significance of this invention lies at least in:
[0253] This invention provides a clean production assembly for preparing clean products from environmental waste. It is applicable not only to common biomass materials such as agricultural straw and forestry branches, but also to more mixed materials. In particular, it can be used to cleanly combine any one of four types of environmental waste materials A, B, C, and D with any one or more of the remaining three materials to produce solid fuel, refined wood vinegar, or de-impurified emulsified tar.
[0254] This invention provides a collection of clean products derived from environmental waste, including a "solid fuel product subset 1." This subset offers a new resource utilization pathway for so-called fermented organic fertilizer products, such as kitchen waste, food waste, catering waste, kitchen scraps, and wet waste that are currently unpopular in the organic fertilizer market due to their oil, salt, and high microplastic content. Furthermore, the solid fuel derived from environmental waste provided by this invention transforms the "oil" and "waste plastic" defects in the material into advantages that increase calorific value, while the "salt" becomes an aid in lowering the ash sintering temperature. This eliminates the need for oil reduction, salt reduction, and waste plastic removal steps in the fertilizer production process, all of which contribute to reduced energy consumption and secondary pollution.
[0255] The “Solid Fuel Product Subset 1” includes, as described in Example 14, “preferably a second combination of the following a, c, e, f:”
[0256] a. Composition: As described in Example 1, "in 'W A +W B +W C +W D Under the framework of 'constantly equal to 10 parts by weight, by W' A / W B / W C / W D "Different variations within the range of 0~9.9 / 0~5 / 0~10 / 0~6"; ...
[0257] c. The molar ratio of (SiO2+Al2O3)mol / (CaO+MgO)mol in the ash after combustion is ≥2, or the pH value of the aqueous solution containing 10% agglomerated ash that has been soaked for 10 minutes at room temperature is ≤7 or ≈7 by the test paper method; and the calorific value of combustion is ≥2500 kcal / kg; ...
[0258] e. The ash material is in a sintered state with a regular shape, and the "regular shape" includes at least a porous brick shape or a spherical / pebbly shape similar to the size of a quail egg.
[0259] f. Preferably, the calorific value is ≥4500 kcal / kg.
[0260] This changes the conventional practice that the ash powder from the combustion of such products always has a pH value greater than 8 when exposed to water. To prevent the alkaline ash from reacting with water and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in grilled food to form Lewis alkaline substances (OH-), thus avoiding the conversion of the harmless, adsorbed PAHs into desorbed, harmful PAH particles, a reaction-preventing bond is established. This also fills a gap in existing comparative technologies involving carbonization after dry distillation, including the aforementioned technologies 1, 2, and 3 (CN85100470.9, CN 201010535032.3, and CN201910868073.5).
[0261] The "Solid Fuel Product Subset 1" derived from environmental waste provided by this invention is particularly innovative in that it can utilize wet waste fermentation material. This allows the currently flawed "organic fertilizer" (due to numerous defects such as microplastics generated later) produced from wet waste fermentation material to be used as solid fuel for combustion, thus solving the problem of waste disposal. Furthermore, this "wet waste fermentation material" has a low calorific value (only two-thirds that of straw), and the loose, alkaline ash after burning contains polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in an adsorbed, harmless state that will be activated upon contact with water (related knowledge can be found online in "Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons"). The invention addresses the problems of "harmless and harmful states of waste" and the large-scale diffusion and pollution of heavy metal oxides in loose ash. It specifically provides a solution for increasing the calorific value of "wet waste fermentation material" through dry distillation and carbonization or / and the addition of waste plastics, and for modifying the ash by adding additives. This results in sintered ceramic / glassy ash after combustion (which can incorporate metal oxides into the ceramic / glassy material for passivation and solidification), and an ash pH value ≤7 or ≈7 when exposed to water (eliminating the activation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in fly ash upon contact with water). This innovative solution completely paves the way for the incorporation of "wet waste" and "miscellaneous waste plastics" into clean solid fuels.
[0262] This invention provides a set of cleaning products obtained from environmental waste. The "refined wood vinegar" in its "refined wood vinegar, or a subset 2 of refined wood vinegar and purified emulsified tar" has a higher yield than prior art 1 (CN85100470.9), which is beneficial for cost reduction; it requires less activated carbon adsorption treatment than prior art 2 (CN 201010535032.3); and it does not require low-temperature and long-term aging treatment as prior art 3 (CN 201910868073.5), and also requires less activated carbon adsorption treatment, which is beneficial for increasing production speed.
[0263] The impurity-removing emulsified tar innovatively fills the gaps in product quality and application in rubber product formulations of existing technologies, including the aforementioned comparative technologies 1, 2, and 3.
[0264] Of course, those skilled in the art will also make many modifications and improvements to the technical solution of the present invention. However, these equivalent changes and modifications that do not break through the overall framework of the technical solution of the present invention, and finally obtain equivalent solutions to the technical solution of the present invention, should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Explanation of some terms or names used in the description of this invention:
[0265] In the description of this invention, it is inevitable that many minor overlaps in the scope of the content will be used, and the differences in these names are only due to differences in their current collection paths and collection times. Readers are advised to pay attention to distinguishing these names. The definitions of these minor names are as follows:
[0266] Floating garbage collected routinely from environmental water systems refers to floating debris directly collected from rivers, lakes, and seas by sanitation departments or businesses. This mainly includes: shoes / toys made of foamed plastic, expanded polystyrene / rubber / thermoplastic elastomers, dead branches, rotten leaves, plastic bags, plastic bottles, small animal carcasses, small glass bottles, and other waste materials with a specific gravity of less than 1 when airtight. This type of material typically emits a foul odor and is highly polluting and toxic.
[0267] Floating waste excavated from landfills refers to floating materials collected from environmental water systems in previous years that have been buried in municipal centralized landfills. Its accumulation density is slightly higher than that of new landfill material, and the odor of the material is much less than that of new material, but it still has pollution and toxicity.
[0268] Household waste collected daily from the community refers to dry and wet household waste collected directly from the community by sanitation workers (the classification of household waste into dry and wet waste began in 2019 and is still being improved). Dry household waste includes: withered branches, rotten leaves, wet wipes, toilet paper, plastic bags, plastic bottles, glass bottles, polystyrene foam, corn husks, sugarcane husks, plastic / paper lunch boxes, food packaging bags, and larger items such as pork rib bones, shoes / toys made of foamed plastic / rubber / thermoplastic elastomers, etc. Wet household waste mainly includes: vegetable leaves, chopped green onions, biscuits, eggshells, shrimp shells, crab shells, fish bones, sugarcane, corn, bones, cakes, bread, strawberries, apples, peppers, banana peels, orange peels, chocolate, peanut shells, pea rinds, tomato sauce, watermelon rinds, potatoes, potted plant leaves, chicken / duck / goose bones, etc. Both dry and wet household waste materials have a strong odor and are highly polluting and toxic.
[0269] Household waste excavated from landfills refers to household waste collected in previous years that has been buried in municipal landfills without being classified as dry or wet. Although it has been buried and naturally fermented for many years, its density is slightly higher than that of new landfill material, and its odor is much less than that of new material. However, it still contains pollutants and toxicity, including many hazardous pollutants such as waste plastics and waste batteries.
[0270] Food waste: A general term encompassing both restaurant waste and kitchen scraps, including food processing offal (kitchen scraps) and food residue (leftovers) generated by households, schools, canteens, and the catering industry. Food waste is a major type of food waste generated during daily life, with a complex composition including oil, salt, water, fish, meat, bones, fruit peels, vegetables, rice, flour, and a mixture of materials such as waste paper towels, plastics, and even tableware. Its pollution characteristics include: rapid decomposition and spoilage, emitting foul odors, and spreading bacteria and viruses. The amount of food waste in my country is enormous and is rapidly increasing.
[0271] Food waste: a type of kitchen waste, mainly generated from leftover food in restaurants, canteens and other catering establishments. It contains similar sub-components to kitchen waste and is characterized by large volume, relatively concentrated quantity, and wide distribution.
[0272] Kitchen waste: another type of kitchen waste, mainly refers to the scraps and leftovers from daily cooking by residents. It comes from thousands of households and its sub-components are similar to those of food waste. It is huge in quantity but relatively scattered, and its overall amount exceeds that of catering waste.
[0273] Microplastics, referring to plastic particles with a diameter of less than 5 millimeters, are a major carrier of pollution. In 2004, Thompson et al. from the University of Plymouth in the UK published a paper in the journal *Science* on plastic fragments in marine waters and sediments, first proposing the concept of "microplastics," referring to plastic fragments and particles with a diameter of less than 5 millimeters. In reality, microplastics range in size from a few micrometers to a few millimeters, and are a mixture of non-uniform plastic particles with diverse shapes, often difficult to distinguish with the naked eye, and are figuratively called "PM2.5 in the sea." There are four main categories of emerging pollutants of widespread international concern: persistent organic pollutants, endocrine disruptors, antibiotics, and microplastics. Microplastics, floating in aquatic systems, are easily ingested by lower-level food chain organisms such as mussels and zooplankton. Microplastics can persist in the stomachs of animals, causing illness and even death. If microplastics carrying organic pollutants are ingested, the harm to these plankton is even more severe, as the pollutants are released under the action of enzymes in the organism's body, exacerbating its condition.
[0274] Note: The selective conjunctions or symbols “or,” “or / and,” “ / ,” “or and,” and “or again” used in this technical solution and specification have the following meanings:
[0275] The first type, "or", uses the general sentence structure: A or B, meaning: choose one from two options—A or B;
[0276] The second and third types, namely "or / and" and " / ", are equivalent and use the general sentence patterns: A or / and B, A / B, both meaning: choose one from three options—A, B, A and B;
[0277] However, the third type of " / " also has two other meanings. One is to indicate the ratio between two quantities, such as A / B=3 / 5=3∶5, which means A is more than B. The other is that " / " is equivalent to "÷".
[0278] The fourth type, "or and", uses the general sentence structure: A or B, which is equivalent to "A or B again" or "A, or B again", meaning: choose one from the two options - A or A and B;
[0279] The fifth type is "or again", which is equivalent to "or and".
Claims
1. A clean production assembly for preparing clean products from environmental waste, characterized in that: the "clean production assembly" is a production line device for performing the preparation process, housed in a set of containers with at least noise reduction, dust removal, and convenient maintenance or relocation auxiliary functions; the production line is equipped with at least one or more of the following process functional units: coarse crushing, fine grinding, impurity removal, drying, or fermentation, dry distillation and carbonization, blending, followed by granulation, packaging, or dry distillation and rectification. Different combinations of "containers" are connected in series or / and parallel to form a production line; it can not only select any one of combustible materials A, B, C, and D as raw materials, but also select any one of combustible materials A, B, C, and D and combine it with any or more of the remaining three materials as raw materials to produce different series / specifications of "solid fuel product subset 1" and "refined wood vinegar, or refined wood vinegar and impurity-removed emulsified tar product subset 2"; the "A, B, C, and D" materials specifically refer to: A – Biomass waste in environments that does not or is difficult to produce odors. B – Material from biomass waste fermentation in a deodorized and disinfected environment. C – The carbon residue remaining after the dry distillation of the aforementioned “A” and / or “B”. D—Waste plastics in environmental waste and / or waste plastics collected by the community; The "clean production combined equipment" is divided into two parts: sub-combination unit A, which prepares "solid fuel product subset 1", and sub-combination unit B, which prepares "refined wood vinegar, or refined wood vinegar and impurity-removed emulsified tar product subset 2". The "cleaning product set" includes the aforementioned subset 1, or subset 1 and the aforementioned subset 2.
2. The "sub-assembly device A" according to claim 1, characterized in that: The technological objective of "Sub-combination Unit A" is to produce a subset 1 of solid fuel products; its structural configuration relates to the "Sub-combination Unit A" and the "production line capable of being connected in series or / and parallel to form a production line by different combinations of "containers of various process functional units" equipped with coarse crushing, fine grinding, impurity removal, drying, or fermentation, dry distillation, carbonization, and blending, followed by granulation and packaging", as described in technical solution 1; and its function relates to the ability to "select any one of combustible materials A, B, C, and D and combine it with any one or more of the remaining three materials as raw materials", i.e., its functional features include at least the following 2-9: 2-1. The "sub-combination device A" is equipped with a solid fuel forming and combining device I, which may include at least one unit combination machine I for drying and dehydrating or mixing A / B / D materials from environmental waste. -I Or there may be a "I" above that only refers to "drying and dehydration". -I "The subsequent material is mixed in a uniform manner using unit combination machinery I" -II , or and in the aforementioned "I -II Upstream of the machine, there is also a storage silo combination machine with its own metering and discharging device for adding additives. -III In the aforementioned "I" -II Downstream, a pelletizer I for solid fuel is installed. -IV or / and briquetting machine I -V ; For "unit combination machinery for implementing drying and dehydration I" -I "From "to implement homogenized hybrid unit combination machinery I" -II Between these sections, there is a buffer storage silo combination machine I equipped with a metering and discharging device for storing different varieties (A, B, C, and D) of dried materials. -VIII ; in the "I -II "and downstream "granulator I" -IV or / and briquetting machine I -V Between these sections, there is a buffer storage silo for storing the mixed materials. -IX ; 2-2. Upstream of "I" mentioned in 2-1, there may also be a combined device A′ for crushing and removing impurities from plant-based waste materials in environmental waste that do not emit odor or are not easily odorous; 2-3. Or, upstream of "I" as described in item 2-1, there is a combined device B′ for fermenting, deodorizing, and disinfecting odorous or easily odorous environmental waste materials, i.e., B. 2-4. Upstream of "I" as described in 2-1, there is a device C′ that further connects to "biomass waste material in an environment that is not or is difficult to smell", or / and "biomass waste material after fermentation in an environment that has been deodorized and disinfected", which is to perform dry distillation on material C to obtain residual carbon residue, etc., or a combination device C′ for refining wood vinegar and removing impurities from emulsified tar. 2-5. Upstream of "I" as described in item 2-1, there is also a combined device D′ for crushing and removing waste plastics from environmental waste, i.e., D. 2-6. Between the "forming combination device I" described in 2-1, and the "combination device A′ for crushing and removing impurities from plant-based waste (A) in environmental waste that does not emit odor or is not easily odorous" described in 2-2, the "combination device B′ for fermenting, deodorizing, and disinfecting material B in environmental waste that emits or is easily odorous" described in 2-3, the "combination device C′ for dry distillation to obtain residual carbon residue (C) or tar" described in 2-4, and the "combination device D′ for crushing and removing impurities from waste plastics (D) in environmental waste" described in 2-5, a closed belt conveyor I can be installed for the clean transport of materials. -X ; 2-7. In order to enable the "clean production combined equipment" to be noise-reduced, dust-removed, easy to clean and maintain, and quick to be modularly transported during operation, the "combined device I" and "combined devices A′ to D′" as described in 2-1 to 2-5 above can be installed in a container of international standard or automotive standard length, width and height. 2-8. In the "I" mentioned in item 2-1, a dust removal combined machine I may also be provided. -VI The characteristic is that each "container" as described in items 2-7 is equipped with an independent dust collector; or has an air inlet with a damper and an air outlet with a damper, and the air outlets of each container are connected to a main dust collection pipeline. Finally, this main dust collection pipeline is led into a dust collection machine I equipped with a cyclone separator and a bag filter. -VI Or with dust removal machinery I -VI The exhaust air is then routed back to the air inlets of each container via a separate main duct. 2-9. The preferred functional feature of the solid fuel product subset 1 obtained by the "sub-combination device A" is that it is capable of preparing: any one of A, B, C, and D combined with any one or more of the remaining three materials, or / and taking only C alone, in a weight ratio of "W" of each material. A +W B +W C +W D "Under the framework of constant equal to 10 parts by weight, the ratio of the weight parts of each type of material"W A / W B / W C / W D "Various variations within the range of "0~9.9 / 0~8 / 0~10 / 0~6", but when only the independent C is taken, i.e., "W" A / W B / W C / W D When the weight ratio of "C" is "0 / 0 / 10 / 0", the corresponding carbonization feedstock of C must contain material B. This ratio change constitutes a total solid fuel product subset 1.
3. The "I" as described in claim 2, paragraph 2-1 -I The unit can be equipped with any one of the following: a combustible gas combustion furnace, a biomass pellet fuel combustion furnace, a waste dry distillation gasification combustion furnace, or a charcoal dry distillation device capable of discharging waste heat, as a heating unit for drying and dehydration. -VII .
4. The "sub-assembly device B" according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process objective of the "sub-unit B" is to produce a detoxified refined wood vinegar product, or to produce a purified emulsified tar product; its structural configuration and functional features include the following 4-1, 4-2, or a combination of 4-3: 4-1. To prepare detoxified refined wood vinegar, at the inlet end of the dry distillation tank C′-1 in the "combined equipment C′" described in claims 2-4 of 2, a combined machine C′-2 for crushing and pulverizing plant material raw materials is provided; 4-2. To prepare detoxified refined wood vinegar, a combined machine C′-3 is installed after the flue gas outlet of the dry distillation tank C′-1 to perform distillation and impurity removal of the flue gas. This combined machine C′-3 specifically includes: a vertical distillation column C′-3-1; an externally connected control electrical circuit and built-in heating element or electromagnetic component C′-3-2 for heating; a top condenser C′-3-3 at the top of the distillation column C′-3-1 to control the reflux flow rate of the dry distillation flue gas and the temperature of the top outlet gas; and a condenser C′-3-3 at the top of the distillation column C′-3-1 to control the reflux flow rate of the dry distillation flue gas and the temperature of the top outlet gas. Below the top condenser C′-3-3, a distillation column has a pyrolysis gas outlet C′-3-4 located near the top of the column. Inside the distillation column C′-3-1 below the pyrolysis gas outlet C′-3-4, a smoke suppressor C′-3-5 is installed. Following the aforementioned pyrolysis gas outlet C′-3-4, a condenser C′-3-6 with an inclined or vertically downward outlet is installed. Below the outlet of the condenser C′-3-6, a collection tank assembly at room temperature or low temperature is installed to condense the pyrolysis gas into a liquid. Mechanical C′-3-7; or, on each tank in the "Collection Tank Combination Machinery C′-3-7", a discharge valve C′-3-8 for adding impurity-removing adsorbent or a storage bin C′-3-9 for the impurity-removing adsorbent is further provided; for the non-condensable gas passing through the "condenser C′-3-6", a guide pipe C′-3-10 is provided on each tank of the "Collection Tank Combination Machinery C′-3-7" to guide it to the "combustible gas" combustion stove C′-3-11 or the "combustible gas" storage tank C′-3-12 of the heating "dry distillation tank C′-1"; in the "Collection Tank Combination Machinery C′-3-7" Below “Machine C′-3-7”, a filter C′-3-13 is installed; after “filter C′-3-13”, a combination machine C′-3-14 is installed for the temporary storage of the detoxified plant-based dry distillation liquid formulation product, namely refined wood vinegar; the “collection tank combination machine C′-3-7” can be equipped with at least 2 or 3 tanks to collect, for example, the fractions with a temperature range of 85 to 190°C at the inlet of the condenser C′-3-6 after passing through the smoke suppressor, and are at least divided into 2 or 3 temperature range fractions of low and high or low, medium and high temperature zones; 4-3. Alternatively, to prepare a purified emulsified tar product, a combined machine C′-4 is installed below the "distillation column C′-3-1" described in item 4-2. This combined machine C′-4 specifically includes: a reboiler C′-4-1 below the distillation column C′-3-1, wherein the reboiler C′-4-1 is equipped with a heating medium jacket layer, and a rock wool insulation layer is installed outside the heating medium jacket layer; a condenser C′-4-2 is installed after the outlet of the reboiler C′-4-1; and an emulsifier adsorption unit is installed after the outlet of the condenser C′-4-2. A mixing tank C′-4-3 for the agent or water; a vacuum filter C′-4-4 is installed after the mixing tank C′-4-3; a storage silo C′-4-5 for collecting the "de-impurified emulsified tar product" is installed after the vacuum filter C′-4-4; an electric heating wire or electromagnetic heating element C′-4-6 for external control electrical appliances, circuit heating or electromagnetic heating is installed inside the "rock wool insulation layer" outside the reboiler C′-4-1; the outlet and outlet of the "heating medium jacket layer" of the reboiler C′-4-1 are externally connected to the outlet and inlet of a thermal oil boiler or salt bath furnace C′-4-7.
5. To facilitate centralized control of the "clean production combined equipment" as described in claim 1, a central control room II is set up. In addition to the control electrical boxes set up next to the control points of each node in the combined equipment, the control buttons of each node in the combined equipment are connected to a terminal table in the central control room II by wires; or the real-time material movement images of each node in the combined equipment are connected to the terminal video in the central control room II by wires.
6. A collection of clean products prepared from environmental waste is provided, characterized in that: the "collection of clean products" includes "a subset 1 of solid fuel products" produced by combining one of combustible materials A, B, C, and D from environmental waste with any one or more of the remaining three materials as raw materials, and "a subset 2 of refined wood vinegar, or refined wood vinegar and de-emulsified tar".
7. The "subset of solid fuel products 1" as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The "A" of claim 1 includes at least: The shredded material is composed of any combination of waste cotton wool, discarded furniture, waste mushroom sticks, waste wood discarded from the construction industry, straw / withered vines / seed hulls discarded from agriculture, deactivated activated carbon residue discarded from the decolorization process of the sugar / pharmaceutical / oil industry, and fallen leaves of trees discarded from roads or woodlands / landscapes due to natural decay or pruning, or shredded material after glass / stone / metal has been separated and removed. The "B" as described in claim 1 includes at least: biogas residue, kitchen waste, catering waste, kitchen waste, livestock and poultry manure, mycelial fermentation residue discarded by biochemical industry, sludge discharged from domestic sewage purification sedimentation tank, floating garbage material excavated from landfill, domestic garbage material excavated from landfill, and pulverized material of any one or more combinations of wet / dry garbage collected daily from society, or pulverized material after separating and removing glass / stone / metal; The "C" of claim 1 includes at least: carbon residue remaining after the glass / stone / metal has been removed by dry distillation and separation from the aforementioned "A" and / or the aforementioned "B"; or: deactivated activated carbon adsorbed with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and pigment impurities from the condensate of the re-distillation of the purified dry distillation fraction or from the tar produced by the re-distillation of the purified dry distillation fraction. The "D" as described in claim 1 includes at least: crushed material of any one or more combinations of agricultural waste plastic film, fishery waste plastic nets / buoys, waste plastic turf discarded from sports fields, waste plastic products / fabrics containing chemical fibers, mixed waste plastics obtained from waste furniture, mixed waste plastic film discharged from waste paper recycling industry, plastic / plastic waste scraps discharged from footwear industry, and waste plastic film scraps discharged from packaging and printing industry, or pulverized material or lumps / extruded strips / granules after glass / stones / metal have been separated and removed; The phrase "in the sum of the weight parts of each type of material" as described in claims 2-9 of claim 2 A +W B +W C +W D "Under the framework of constant equal to 10 parts by weight, the ratio of the weight parts of each type of material"W A / W B / W C / W D "Various variations within the range of "0~9.9 / 0~8 / 0~10 / 0~6", but when only the independent C is taken, i.e., "W" A / W B / W C / W D When the weight ratio of C is "0 / 0 / 10 / 0", the corresponding carbonization feedstock of C must contain material B. This ratio change constitutes a total solid fuel product subset 1. Specifically, solid fuel product subset 1 includes at least any or more combinations of the following 1) to 11): 1): When A and B are combined, i.e. W C W D When it is always equal to 0 parts by weight, then "W" A / W B / W C / W D "A suitable weight ratio can vary within the range of '9.9~5 / 0.1~5 / 0 / 0'; Or / and 2): When A and C are combined, i.e. W B W D When it is always equal to 0 parts by weight, then "W" A / W B / W C / W D "A suitable weight ratio can vary within the range of 0.1 to 9.9 / 0 / 9.9 to 0.1 / 0; Or / and 3): When A and D are combined, i.e. W B W C When it is always equal to 0 parts by weight, then "W" A / W B / W C / W D "A suitable weight ratio can vary within the range of '9~4 / 0 / 0 / 1~6'; Or / and 4): When A is combined with B and C, i.e. W D When it is always equal to 0 parts by weight, then "W" A / W B / W C / W D "The appropriate weight ratio can vary in the range of 7.9 to 1.9 / 2 to 0.1 / 0.1 to 8 / 0, or in the range of 1 to 1.9 / 8 to 0.1 / 1 to 8 / 0; Or / and 5): When A is combined with C and D, i.e. W B When it is always equal to 0 parts by weight, then "W" A / W B / W C / W D "The appropriate weight ratio can vary in the range of "7.9 to 2 / 0 / 0.1 to 2 / 2 to 6", or in the range of "4 to 5 / 0 / 5 to 2 / 1 to 3"; Or / and 6): When A is combined with B and D, i.e. W C When it is always equal to 0 parts by weight, then "W" A / W B / W C / W D "The appropriate weight ratio can vary in the range of "4 to 2 / 5 to 2 / 0 / 1 to 6", or in the range of "6 to 4 / 3 to 2 / 0 / 1 to 4"; Or / and 7): When A is combined with B and C with D, then "W A / W B / W C / W D "The appropriate weight ratio can vary in the range of "6 to 2 / 0.1 to 1 / 2 to 1 / 1.9 to 6", or in the range of "1 to 7 / 8 to 0.1 / 0.1 to 0.4 / 0.9 to 2.5"; Or / and 8): When taking the combination of B and C, that is, W A W D When it is always equal to 0 parts by weight, then "W" A / W B / W C / W D "A suitable weight ratio can vary in the range of 0 / 5 to 0.1 / 5 to 9.9 / 0, or in the range of 0 / 2 to 8 / 8 to 2 / 0; Or / and 9): When taking the combination of B and D, that is, W A W C When it is always equal to 0 parts by weight, then "W" A / W B / W C / W D "A suitable weight ratio can vary within the range of 0 / 8 to 4 / 0 / 2 to 6;" Or / and 10): When taking the combination of C and D, i.e. W A W B When it is always equal to 0 parts by weight, then "W" A / W B / W C / W D "A suitable weight ratio can vary within the range of 0 / 0 / 9 to 4 / 1 to 6." Or / and 11): When taking the combination of B, C, and D, i.e. W A When it is always equal to 0 parts by weight, then "W" A / W B / W C / W D "The appropriate weight ratio can vary in the range of "0 / 3 to 1 / 2 to 7 / 5 to 3", or in the range of "0 / 3 to 2 / 6 to 2 / 1 to 6".
8. The "Solid Fuel Product Set 1" of claim 6 may contain alkaline additives to prevent ash from sintering, such as any one or more combinations of lime, calcium carbonate, and raw vermiculite powder; or may contain acidic additives that, when measured by a test paper method, show a pH value ≤7 or ≈7 when 10% of agglomerated ash is soaked in a room temperature aqueous solution for 10 minutes, such as any one or more combinations of clay, kaolin, attapulgite, diatomaceous earth, and waste glass powder; or may contain tar derived from the "dry distillation" process as defined in claim 1 (C).
9. The "Solid Fuel Product Set 1" as described in claim 1, comprising W parts by weight of the "Alkaline Additive Material for Preventing Ash from Sintering" as described in claim 8. 碱性性助剂物料 The weight parts W of the ash of "A" and / or "B" and / or "C" and / or "D" as described in claim 1 灰烬 Ratio: W 碱性性助剂物料 / W 灰烬 Within the range of 0.1 to 0.25 / 1; the weight parts W of the "acidic auxiliary material" as described in claim 8 酸性助剂物料 The weight parts W of the ash of "A" and / or "B" and / or "C" and / or "D" as described in claim 1 灰烬 Ratio: W 酸性助剂物料 / W 灰烬 Within the range of 1 to 1.5 / 1; the weight parts W of the "tar" as described in claim 8 焦油 The weight parts W of "A" and / or "B" and / or "C" and / or "D" as described in claim 1 A或 / 和B或 / 和C或 / 和D Ratio: W 焦油 / W A或 / 和B或 / 和C或 / 和D It is in the range of 0 to 1 / 10.
10. In the "Solid Fuel Product Set 1" of claim 6, the fuel forming feature is that: the "A" and / or "B" and / or "C" and / or "D" of claim 1, or all of them, are dried and dehydrated, and then subjected to the process described in claims 2-9 or "W" of claim 7. A / W B / W C / W D After mixing in different ranges of 0 to 9.9, 0 to 5, 0 to 10, and 0 to 6, the mixed material is extruded through a die to form columnar solid fuel, or extruded through a die to form solid or hollow rod solid fuel. Alternatively, the fuel forming feature of the "Solid Fuel Product Set 1" as described in claim 6 is that: the "A" and / or "B" and / or "C" and / or "D" as described in claim 1, or all of them, are dried and dehydrated, and then subjected to the process described in claims 2-9 or "W" as described in claim 7. A / W B / W C / W D After mixing in different variations within the range of 0~9.9 / 0~5 / 0~10 / 0~6, the mixed material is processed by a honeycomb brick, honeycomb coal, coal ball, or non-standard extruder to press the material into a porous brick shape, honeycomb coal shape, coal ball shape, or bent fruit shape solid fuel; or, in addition to the aforementioned "porous brick shape, honeycomb coal shape, coal ball shape, or bent fruit shape", recessed crack grooves can be pre-formed on its surface to facilitate subsequent ash fragmentation.
11. The "Solid Fuel Product Set 1" as described in claim 6, involving the "porous brick-shaped" "solid fuel" as described in claim 10, comprises "acidic additive material F as described in claim 8, such as any one or more combinations of clay, kaolin, attapulgite, diatomaceous earth, and waste glass powder," used as an easily sinterable material; or the percentage W of the "acidic additive material" in the total weight of the "solid fuel." 酸性助剂物料F The percentage can be in the range of 10% to 20%.
12. The "component 2 of refined wood vinegar, or refined wood vinegar and impurity-reduced emulsified tar product" as described in claim 6, is characterized in that: 12-1. The raw materials used in the "subset 2" are the "A" and / or "B" materials as described in claim 7; 12-2. After the dry distillation flue gas is condensed and refluxed at the top of the distillation column and the flue gas is eliminated, the fraction collected at the bottom of the column at atmospheric pressure or at the top of the column at a temperature of 85-190°C is then condensed and collected in a room temperature or low temperature temporary storage tank, or subjected to adsorption filtration, thereby producing a detoxified refined wood vinegar. 12-3. The "refined wood vinegar" described in item 12-2 has a pH value of 1 to 3 in a 10% aqueous solution, and the main harmful components therein are limited to the following ranges: According to the national standard GB / T 5009.27-2016, the concentration of 3,4-benzopyrene was <2 μg / kg. According to the national standard GB / T 16631-2008, formaldehyde content was <1 mg / kg. According to the national standard GB / T 15337-2008, lead content was <1 mg / kg. According to the national standard GB / T 21191-2007, the arsenic content was <0.1 mg / kg; 12-4. The pyrolysis flue gas is condensed and refluxed through the distillation column and falls into the reboiler at the bottom of the distillation column. After the collection of fractions above 190°C is stopped at the top of the column, the tar in the reboiler, which is kept at a constant temperature of 210-250°C, is released. An emulsifier is then added to control the pH value at ≤7. Activated carbon adsorbent or water is added while the material is in a non-viscous liquid state. The mixture is then cooled to below 100°C and filtered while still in a non-viscous state. This process yields detoxified plant-based pyrolysis emulsified tar. 12-5. The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) content in the "emulsified tar" described in item 12-4 is ≤50 mg / L, and the volatile matter content therein meets the following quality inspection requirements: when blended into rubber composites / mixtures, the blended rubber composites / mixtures must be materials that have not undergone a cracking temperature treatment process that rubber cannot withstand, and must be able to withstand a non-smoke test at 180°C / 10 minutes using a vulcanizer or Mooney meter; the blending refers to the "emulsified tar" having a weight content of 10% to 30% in rubber composites / mixtures containing not less than 30% pure rubber; the non-smoke test process that rubber cannot withstand... The pyrolysis temperature refers to the temperature at which the sample has not been previously subjected to a temperature greater than or equal to 180°C. The non-smoke test specifically refers to the following: Take 3-5g of rubber compound / mixture sample, place a polyester film on the top and bottom of the sample, and then place it on a vulcanizer or Mooney viscometer. Heat it at 180°C for 10 minutes, remove the sample, let it stand at room temperature for at least 5 minutes, then peel off the polyester films on the top and bottom of the sample and stack them together. Observe it under a fluorescent lamp. The polyester film should be stained yellow, but not darker than 101C or 601C of the international standard color (PANTONE) card. The "rubber compound / mixture" may have the following formulation: 100 parts styrene-butadiene rubber, 5 parts zinc oxide, 1 part stearic acid, 2 parts sulfur, 1.5 parts accelerator CZ, 0.5 parts accelerator TMTD, 1 part antioxidant MB, 0 to 60 parts carbon black N330, 0 to 200 parts calcium carbonate, 0 to 15 parts machine oil, and vulcanization conditions of 155°C / 7 minutes. 12-6. The "emulsified tar" described in item 12-4, preferably has a pH value of 6 to 7 in a 10% aqueous solution; Either the "refined wood vinegar" or the "emulsified tar" described in 12-1 to 12-6 above can be an independent product.
13. The "fraction with a distillate temperature in the reboiler at the bottom of the column or at the top of the column at atmospheric pressure, ranging from 85 to 190°C" as described in claim 12-2 can be separated into low-temperature and high-temperature sections for separate collection according to market requirements, i.e.: Low-temperature product A 低温段 For example, 85~95℃, and high-temperature product A 高温段 For example, 95–190℃; Or low-temperature product A 低温段 For example, 85~100℃, and high-temperature product A 高温段 For example, 100~190℃; Or low-temperature product A 低温段 For example, 85~105℃, compared with high-temperature product A 高温段 For example, 105~190℃; Or low-temperature product A 低温段 For example, 85~120℃, and high-temperature product A 高温段 For example, 120–190℃; Or low-temperature product A 低温段 For example, 85~135℃, compared with high-temperature product A 高温段 For example, 135~190℃; Or low-temperature product A 低温段 For example, 85~155℃, compared with high-temperature product A 高温段 For example, 155~190℃; Alternatively, the fraction in the 85–190℃ range can be separated into low, medium, and high temperature sections for separate collection according to market requirements. Low-temperature product A 低温段 For example, 85-95℃, compared with product A in the medium temperature range. 中温段 For example, 95~125℃, compared with high-temperature product A 高温段 For example, 125~190℃; Or low-temperature product A 低温段 For example, at 85-100℃, compared with product A in the medium temperature range. 中温段 For example, 100~135℃, and product A in the high-temperature range. 高温段 For example, 135~190℃; Or low-temperature product A 低温段 For example, 85~105℃, compared with product A in the medium temperature range. 中温段 For example, 105~140℃, compared with high-temperature product A 高温段 For example, 140–190℃; Or low-temperature product A 低温段 For example, 85~120℃, compared with product A in the medium temperature range. 中温段 For example, 120~155℃, and high-temperature product A 高温段 For example, 155~190℃; Or low-temperature product A 低温段 For example, 85~135℃, compared with product A in the medium temperature range. 中温段 For example, 135~155℃, and high-temperature product A. 高温段 For example, 155~190℃; Or low-temperature product A 低温段 For example, 85~155℃, compared with product A in the medium temperature range. 中温段 For example, 155~165℃, compared with high-temperature product A 高温段 For example, 165–190℃; Product A, which is "divided into low and high temperature sections", 低温段 A 高温段 Product A, or "divided into low, medium, and high temperature stages". 低温段 A 中温段 A 高温段 Each of these can become an independent product.
14. The physical properties of the "solid fuel product set 1" as described in claim 6, including its composition, ash content, and calorific value, include the following a, b, d, or preferably a first combination of the following a, b, d, f; or a, c, e, or preferably a second combination of the following a, c, e, f: a. Composition: As described in claim 1, "in 'W A +W B +W C +W D Under the framework of 'constantly equal to 10 parts by weight, by W' A / W B / W C / W D "Different variations within the range of 0~9.9 / 0~5 / 0~10 / 0~6"; b. The molar ratio of (SiO2+Al2O3)mol / (CaO+MgO)mol in the ash after combustion is <2, or the pH value of the room temperature aqueous solution containing 10% ash after soaking for 10 minutes is ≥8 by the test paper method; and the calorific value of combustion is ≥2500 kcal / kg; c. The molar ratio of (SiO2+Al2O3)mol / (CaO+MgO)mol in the ash after combustion is ≥2, or the pH value of the aqueous solution containing 10% agglomerated ash that has been soaked for 10 minutes at room temperature is ≤7 or ≈7 by the test paper method; and the calorific value of combustion is ≥2500 kcal / kg; d. The ash is in a loose state; e. The ash material is in a sintered state with a regular shape, and the "regular shape" includes at least a porous brick shape or a spherical / pebbly shape similar to the size of a quail egg. f. Preferably, the calorific value is ≥4500 kcal / kg.
15. The method for producing "solid fuel product subset 1" by the "sub-combination device A" as described in claim 1, characterized in that it includes a combination of at least the following steps: Step I: Material preparation. The following main / auxiliary materials suitable for solid fuel pelleting or compression molding can be obtained through self-production or / and market procurement or outsourcing: Main materials: Selected materials according to "A", "B", "C" and "D" as described in claims 1, 6 and 7, or dried and dehydrated accordingly; Auxiliary materials: Selected materials according to the "alkaline auxiliary materials", "acidic auxiliary materials" and "tar" as described in claim 8; Step II: As described in claim 9, "W" 碱性性助剂物料 / W 灰烬 "In the range of 0.1 to 0.25 / 1", "W" 酸性助剂物料 / W 灰烬 "In the range of 1 to 1.5 / 1", "W" 焦油 / W A或 / 和B或 / 和C或 / 和D "in the range of 0 to 1 / 10", and the "percentage by weight W" of the "acidic additive material" as described in claim 11 in the total weight of the "solid fuel". 酸性助剂物料F "% can be in the range of 10-20%", metered mixing; Step III: The solid fuel pellets are formed by extrusion through a die to form columnar pellets, or solid or hollow rods formed by extrusion through a die, as described in claim 10, or by using honeycomb bricks, honeycomb briquettes, coal balls, or non-standard extruders. Step IV: Measure and package, or stack on logistics pallets, and put into storage.
16. The method of manufacturing "sub-assembly 2" performed by "sub-assembly 2" as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation of "refined wood vinegar" in subset 2 is performed using the first combination of steps 16-1 to 16-5 below; and the preparation of "emulsified tar" in subset 2 is performed using the second combination of steps 16-1, 16-2 and 16-5, 16-6 below: 16-1. Preparation of raw materials: Using "A" or / and "B" as defined in claims 1 and 2 as raw materials for dry distillation, before entering the dry distillation tank for processing, the raw materials are first crushed / pulverized, or removed from hard stone / iron impurities, or dried, or mixed with any one or more combinations of acidic clay, kaolin, diatomaceous earth, and glass powder to form intermediate material 1, or the intermediate material 1 is further extruded into any one of granular, rod-shaped, mesoporous tubular, or honeycomb brick shapes to form intermediate material 2; or using "tree" as a raw material in "A" as defined in claims 1 and 2, before entering the dry distillation tank for processing, the raw materials are first crushed, or cut into segments including 10-20cm in length that meet market demand to obtain intermediate material 3; 16-2. The "intermediate material 1", "intermediate material 2", or "intermediate material 3" described in 16-1 is fed into a dry distillation tank. Combustible gas can be used as the heating source for the dry distillation tank. The heating rate within the dry distillation tank should preferably be controlled within the range of 3℃ / min to 5℃ / min. 16-3. Using a distillation column with a heated reboiler at the bottom, the flue gas slowly output from the dry distillation tank is refluxed at the top of the distillation column or after smoke elimination, and the "fraction with a temperature of 85-190°C in the reboiler at the bottom or the distillate at the top of the column under atmospheric pressure" as described in claim 12-2 is collected. However, the "fraction with a temperature of 85-190°C in the reboiler at the bottom or the distillate at the top of the column under atmospheric pressure" can be divided into two sections, low and high temperature, or into three sections, low, medium and high temperature, as described in claim 13, and collected separately. 16-4. The fraction described in item 16-3, which has a distillation temperature of 85-190°C at the bottom of the reboiler or at the top of the column under atmospheric pressure, is further condensed and allowed to stand at low temperature, or the fractions collected at a temperature of 100°C or higher are further subjected to activated carbon adsorption and filtration, thereby obtaining a purified wood vinegar solution of the fraction with a distillation temperature of 85-190°C at the top of the column under atmospheric pressure. 16-5. For the "fractions in the reboiler at the bottom of the column or the distillate gas at the top of the column with a temperature in the range of 85 to 190°C under atmospheric pressure" mentioned in item 16-3, the gas that cannot be condensed into liquid after passing through the "condenser" is introduced into the "combustible gas" pipeline mentioned in item 16-2 to supply the gas for heating the dry distillation tank system. 16-6. The tar from the dry distillation flue gas, condensed and refluxed through the distillation column, falling into the reboiler at the bottom of the distillation column, is discharged after the collection of fractions from the bottom of the reboiler at atmospheric pressure or above 190°C at the top of the column is stopped. The tar is then discharged from the reboiler, where the temperature is controlled at 210–250°C. An emulsifier is added to control the pH value to ≤7, and activated carbon adsorbent or water is added while the material is in a non-viscous liquid state. The mixture is then filtered to obtain a purified emulsified tar. The "emulsifier" can be any or a combination of known nonionic or anionic surfactants.
17. The uses of "subset 1" and "subset 2" as described in claim 6 are specifically as follows: "subset 1" is divided according to the characteristics of the "fuel" ash therein, including at least the following 17-1 and 17-2; while "subset 2" includes at least the following 17-3 to 17-4 as described in "refined wood vinegar" and "purified emulsified tar": 17-1. The solid fuel with the ash characteristics of "b" in claim 14 can be used for combustion power generation or steam heating, or for lime production, at least with adequate exhaust dust removal. 17-2. The solid fuel with the ash characteristics of "c" in claim 14 can be used as: at least widely used as a heating solid fuel in residential houses or agricultural greenhouses; and the solid fuel ash with the characteristics of "c" can be used as bricks, stones, and sand in building materials, or as an ingredient in non-fired bricks and tiles, or as a slow-release granular fertilizer for plant cultivation. 17-3. The "refined wood vinegar" as described in claims 1 and 6 can be used in agriculture as an insecticide / sterilizer, or as a component of an insecticide / sterilizer; it can be used as a plant growth stimulant or foliar fertilizer; it can also be used as a deodorizer / sterilizer in pet or livestock cages, or for deodorizing garbage transfer and carcass disposal sites. 17-4. The "purified emulsified tar" as described in claims 1 and 6 can at least be used as a softener component in rubber product formulations.
18. The "clean production assembly" of claim 1 and the "clean product set" of claim 6 may further include at least one or more of the following combinations: 18-1. It can be integrated into existing industrial parks for the printing and packaging industry to help eliminate the blockage of plastic waste disposal for printed and packaged products in these industrial parks; 18-2. Or it could be connected to existing facilities for processing wet household waste into organic fertilizer to help address the problem of unsold "organic fertilizer" by these companies. 18-3. Or it may be connected to existing waste paper pulp production facilities to help eliminate the obstruction of waste plastic film disposal for these enterprises; 18-4. Or it could be connected to existing waste sorting production facilities to help eliminate the obstructions in the disposal of waste plastics for these enterprises; 18-5. Or be located in landfill areas to stop the expansion of landfills and lay the industrial foundation for the eventual elimination of landfills; 18-6. Or it may be set up in a forest farm to help the forest farm dispose of dead branches / leaves generated in the forest land, as well as dry / wet domestic waste generated by residents; 18-7. Or it may be set up near the sedimentation tank of domestic sewage treatment to help the domestic sewage treatment industry to make green and high-value resource utilization of the combustible sediment sludge discharged. 18-8. Or it may be located near the fermentation process equipment in the biochemical industry to help biochemical companies dispose of their discarded mycelial fermentation residue; 18-9. Or it may be connected to existing sugar / pharmaceutical / oil industry industrial parks to help dispose of the deactivated activated carbon residue discarded by the decolorization process of the sugar / pharmaceutical / oil industry in these industrial parks; 18-10. Or be located in the periphery of the current city to help dispose of combustible solid waste separated from housing renovation waste or broken old furniture generated in today's urban life, or / and deodorized and dehydrated wet waste containing waste plastic or microplastic components after fermentation.
Citation Information
Patent Citations
Extraction of liquid fumigating essence and pain relieving medicine from stone (kernel) of hawthorn
CN1009051B
Method for preparing liquid smoking spice for meat from pecan shells
CN101999618B
A pepper smoke liquid and its preparation method
CN110463893B