Quick release system and release method for hydrogen leakage of hydrogen fuel passenger car

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydrogen leakage quick release system and method for a hydrogen fuel passenger car, and relates to the technical field of hydrogen fuel passenger cars, the system comprises a leakage monitoring unit, a directional release channel unit, a power auxiliary release unit and a main control unit. The leakage monitoring unit monitors the hydrogen concentration of a plurality of areas in a vehicle in real time and transmits data to the main control unit, and pre-embedded release pipelines of the directional release channel unit are distributed at the joint of a hydrogen storage tank and a hydrogen pipeline in the vehicle and areas prone to leakage along the pipeline in a networked mode. When the leakage monitoring unit detects that hydrogen leakage occurs in any easy-to-leak area, the main control unit can quickly process monitoring information and accurately control the switchable channel electromagnetic valves in the corresponding areas to be opened, and meanwhile cooperatively control the power auxiliary discharge unit to provide power for discharge. The leaked hydrogen can be quickly discharged out of the vehicle through the exhaust port outside the vehicle through the nearby pre-embedded discharge pipeline, and the hydrogen discharge path is greatly shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hydrogen fuel cell bus technology, and in particular to a rapid hydrogen leakage release system and method for hydrogen fuel cell buses. Background Technology

[0002] Hydrogen leakage is one of the primary safety hazards during the operation of hydrogen fuel cell buses. Hydrogen has the core characteristics of rapid diffusion and low ignition energy. Once a leak occurs and is not promptly vented from the vehicle, it can easily accumulate inside and form an explosive gas mixture, directly threatening driving safety.

[0003] Existing hydrogen release measures for hydrogen fuel cell buses mostly rely on natural ventilation or simple exhaust systems. These systems generally suffer from shortcomings such as unreasonable release path planning, insufficient exhaust power, and delayed response, making it difficult to meet the actual needs of quickly eliminating potential leaks. Some technical solutions only have a single exhaust port near the hydrogen storage tank, failing to cover easily leaking areas such as pipeline interfaces. When a leak occurs at a pipeline interface far from the exhaust port, hydrogen must diffuse over a long distance to reach the exhaust port, significantly increasing the risk of accumulation. Other technologies use fixed-power exhaust systems, which cannot dynamically adjust the exhaust intensity according to the amount of hydrogen leaked. This not only may lead to energy waste but also residual safety hazards due to incomplete release, making it difficult to adapt to the release requirements of different leak scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a rapid hydrogen leakage release system and method for hydrogen fuel cell buses, which can solve the problem that existing technologies only set a single exhaust port near the hydrogen storage tank, without covering easily leaking areas such as pipeline interfaces. When a leak occurs at a pipeline interface or other location far from the exhaust port, the hydrogen needs to diffuse over a long distance to reach the exhaust port for discharge, which greatly increases the risk of accumulation.

[0005] A rapid hydrogen leakage release system for a hydrogen fuel cell bus includes a leakage monitoring unit, a directional release channel unit, a power-assisted release unit, and a main control unit. The leakage monitoring unit is connected to the main control unit and is used to monitor the hydrogen concentration in multiple areas inside the vehicle in real time and transmit monitoring data. The directional release channel unit, also connected to the main control unit, includes a network of pre-embedded release pipes, multiple switchable channel solenoid valves installed on the pre-embedded release pipes, and external exhaust ports connected to the pre-embedded release pipes. The pre-embedded release pipes are located in the hydrogen storage tank inside the vehicle, at hydrogen pipeline connections, and in leak-prone areas along the pipelines. The power-assisted release unit, also connected to the main control unit, provides power for the release of hydrogen along the directional release path. The main control unit receives and processes information from the leakage monitoring unit and coordinates the control of the directional release channel unit and the power-assisted release unit according to the leakage situation.

[0006] The present invention provides a rapid hydrogen leakage release system for hydrogen fuel cell buses, which, compared with the prior art, has the following beneficial effects, but is not limited to: This hydrogen fuel cell bus rapid hydrogen leakage release system monitors hydrogen concentration in multiple areas inside the vehicle in real time through a leakage monitoring unit and transmits the data to the main control unit. A network of pre-embedded leakage pipes is distributed throughout the vehicle's hydrogen storage tank, hydrogen pipeline connections, and leak-prone areas along the pipeline routes via directional leakage channel units. Multiple switchable channel solenoid valves are installed on these pre-embedded leakage pipes and connected to external exhaust ports. When the leakage monitoring unit detects a hydrogen leak in any leak-prone area, the main control unit quickly processes the monitoring information and precisely controls the opening of the corresponding switchable channel solenoid valve. Simultaneously, it coordinates with the power-assisted leakage unit to provide power for the leakage, allowing the leaked hydrogen to be quickly discharged outside the vehicle through the nearest pre-embedded leakage pipe and external exhaust port. This prevents long-distance hydrogen diffusion inside the vehicle, significantly shortens the hydrogen leakage path, reduces the risk of hydrogen accumulation inside the vehicle at its source, and improves the operational safety of the hydrogen fuel cell bus.

[0007] Furthermore, the pre-embedded venting pipeline includes a venting main pipe, to which multiple venting secondary pipes are connected. The multiple venting secondary pipes are installed in the vehicle's hydrogen storage tank, at the hydrogen pipeline connection point, and in areas prone to leakage along the pipeline. Each venting secondary pipe is equipped with a channel solenoid valve.

[0008] Furthermore, the power-assisted venting unit includes multiple variable frequency induced draft fans, jet boosters, and pressure compensation devices. The variable frequency induced draft fans are installed at the air inlet end of the venting secondary pipe, the jet boosters are installed in the middle section of the venting main pipe, and the pressure compensation devices are installed on the bus to balance the air pressure inside the bus during the venting process.

[0009] Furthermore, the leakage monitoring unit includes multiple first hydrogen concentration sensors arranged in a distributed manner, which are densely arranged in the vehicle's hydrogen storage tank, hydrogen pipeline connections, and areas prone to leakage along the pipeline.

[0010] Furthermore, the main control unit is connected to the venting path cleaning unit, which includes a nitrogen tank, multiple purge lines, and a second hydrogen concentration sensor. The nitrogen tank is located inside the bus, and the multiple purge lines are all connected to the outlet of the nitrogen tank. Each purge line is equipped with a control valve, and the outlet of the multiple purge lines is connected to the venting secondary pipe. The second hydrogen concentration sensor is located inside the venting main pipe.

[0011] Furthermore, the pre-embedded venting pipe is made of metal pipe with an inner wall coated with a hydrogen corrosion resistant coating. The diameter of the pre-embedded venting pipe gradually increases along the hydrogen flow direction, and the pipe bends are designed with a smooth arc shape.

[0012] Furthermore, the main control unit employs a high-speed logic chip, which can process multiple sensor signals simultaneously.

[0013] A method for rapid hydrogen leakage release in a hydrogen fuel cell bus includes the following steps: S1, real-time collection of hydrogen concentration data in multiple areas inside the vehicle via a leakage monitoring unit; S2, receiving and processing the hydrogen concentration data by a main control unit, analyzing whether a hydrogen leak has occurred, and determining the location of the leak source when a leak is detected; S3, based on the location of the leak source, the main control unit controls one or more switchable channel solenoid valves in the directional release channel unit to open, thereby forming a directional release path from the leak source through a pre-embedded release pipe to the exhaust port outside the vehicle; S4, the main control unit controls the power-assisted release unit to start and operate, providing power for the hydrogen to be discharged outside the vehicle along the directional release path.

[0014] Furthermore, in step S4, the main control unit determines the leakage level based on the hydrogen concentration and the rate of concentration change, and controls the output power of the power-assisted venting unit accordingly.

[0015] Furthermore, after the leak monitoring unit detects that the hydrogen concentration inside the vehicle has dropped to a safe threshold, the main control unit controls the activation of the venting path cleaning unit to purge the pre-embedded venting pipe with inert gas. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a system flow diagram of a hydrogen fuel cell bus hydrogen leakage rapid release system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for rapid release of hydrogen leakage from a hydrogen fuel cell bus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 100. Leakage monitoring unit; 110. First hydrogen concentration sensor; 200. Directional venting channel unit; 210. Pre-embedded venting pipe; 220. Channel solenoid valve; 230. External exhaust port; 211. Main venting pipe; 212. Secondary venting pipe; 300. Power-assisted venting unit; 310. Variable frequency induced draft fan; 320. Jet booster; 330. Pressure compensation device; 400. Main control unit; 500. Venting path cleaning unit; 510. Nitrogen tank; 520. Purge pipeline; 530. Second hydrogen concentration sensor; 540. Control valve. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings showing multiple embodiments according to this application. It should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments described in this application without creative effort will fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0019] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used in the description of this application is for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and is not intended to limit this application; the terms "comprising," "including," "having," "containing," etc., in the description, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are open-ended terms. Therefore, "comprising," "including," or "having" refers to, for example, a method or apparatus having one or more steps or elements, but is not limited to having only these one or more elements. The terms "first," "second," etc., in the description, claims, or accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order or hierarchy. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0020] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0021] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "attachment" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0022] It should be emphasized that when the term "comprising / including" is used in this specification, it is used to explicitly indicate the presence of the stated feature, integer, step, or component, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, parts, or groups of features, integers, steps, or parts.

[0023] In this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent three cases: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, in this application, the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention provides a rapid hydrogen leakage release system for a hydrogen fuel cell bus, including a leakage monitoring unit 100, a directional release channel unit 200, a power-assisted release unit 300, and a main control unit 400; the leakage monitoring unit 100 is connected to the main control unit 400 and is used to monitor the hydrogen concentration in multiple areas inside the vehicle in real time and transmit monitoring data; the directional release channel unit 200 is connected to the main control unit 400 and includes a network of pre-embedded release pipes 210 and multiple [other components] installed on the pre-embedded release pipes 210. A switchable channel solenoid valve 220 and an external exhaust port 230 connected to a pre-embedded venting pipe 210 are provided. The pre-embedded venting pipe 210 is installed in the vehicle's hydrogen storage tank, at the hydrogen pipeline connection point, and in areas prone to leakage along the pipeline. A power-assisted venting unit 300 is connected to the main control unit 400 and is used to provide power for the venting of hydrogen along the directional venting path. The main control unit 400 is used to receive and process information from the leak monitoring unit 100 and coordinate the control of the directional venting channel unit 200 and the power-assisted venting unit 300 according to the leakage situation.

[0025] In this embodiment, the leak monitoring unit 100 monitors the hydrogen concentration in multiple areas inside the vehicle in real time and transmits the data to the main control unit 400. The pre-embedded venting pipes 210 of the directional venting channel unit 200 are networked and distributed in the vehicle's hydrogen storage tank, hydrogen pipeline connections, and leak-prone areas along the pipeline. Multiple switchable channel solenoid valves 220 are installed on the pre-embedded venting pipes 210 and connected to the vehicle's external exhaust port 230. When the leak monitoring unit 100 detects a hydrogen leak in any leak-prone area, the main control unit 400 can quickly process the monitoring information and accurately control the switchable channel solenoid valves in the corresponding area. When 220 is activated, the power-assisted release unit 300 is simultaneously controlled to provide power for the release, allowing the leaked hydrogen to be quickly discharged outside the vehicle through the nearest pre-embedded release pipe 210 and the external exhaust port 230. This avoids long-distance diffusion of hydrogen inside the vehicle, significantly shortens the hydrogen release path, reduces the risk of hydrogen accumulation inside the vehicle from the source, and improves the operational safety of the hydrogen fuel cell bus. Through the coordinated design of the leak monitoring unit 100, the directional release channel unit 200, the power-assisted release unit 300, and the main control unit 400, the problems of insufficient hydrogen release coverage and easy accumulation of leaked hydrogen over long distances can be effectively solved.

[0026] Furthermore, the pre-embedded venting pipe 210 includes a venting main pipe 211, which is connected to multiple venting secondary pipes 212. The multiple venting secondary pipes 212 are installed in the vehicle's hydrogen storage tank, at the connection of the hydrogen pipeline, and in areas prone to leakage along the pipeline. Each venting secondary pipe 212 is equipped with a channel solenoid valve 220.

[0027] In this embodiment, the main venting pipe 211 serves as the primary channel for hydrogen venting, and the branched layout of multiple secondary venting pipes 212 achieves comprehensive coverage of all hydrogen-prone areas within the vehicle. This ensures that any hydrogen leak can be quickly connected to the venting channel via the nearest secondary venting pipe 212, significantly shortening the hydrogen venting path and eliminating the possibility of long-distance hydrogen diffusion and accumulation from a spatial layout perspective. Simultaneously, each secondary venting pipe 212 is individually equipped with a channel solenoid valve 220, and the main control unit 400 can adjust the leakage monitoring data according to the leakage detection... The monitoring data of Yuan 100 allows for precise control of the opening of the channel solenoid valve 220 on the corresponding discharge secondary pipe 212 at the leak point, while the channel solenoid valves 220 in other areas remain closed. This achieves directional and precise discharge of leaked hydrogen, avoiding the waste of power and discharge resources caused by indiscriminate discharge across the entire area. It also prevents airflow interference during the discharge process, ensuring that the leaked hydrogen quickly flows into the discharge main pipe 211 along the corresponding discharge secondary pipe 212 and is finally discharged outside the vehicle through the external exhaust port 230, further improving the response speed and overall efficiency of hydrogen discharge.

[0028] like Figure 1As shown, the power-assisted venting unit 300 includes multiple variable frequency induced draft fans 310, jet boosters 320, and pressure compensation devices 330. The variable frequency induced draft fans 310 are installed at the air inlet end of the venting secondary pipe 212, the jet boosters 320 are installed in the middle section of the venting main pipe 211, and the pressure compensation devices 330 are installed on the bus to balance the air pressure inside the bus during the venting process.

[0029] In this embodiment, the variable frequency induced draft fan 310 at the inlet end of the secondary vent pipe 212 can be precisely controlled by the main control unit 400 according to the detection data of the leakage monitoring unit 100 to match the amount of hydrogen leakage, providing directional draft power for the hydrogen at the leak point, and quickly drawing the leaking hydrogen into the secondary vent pipe 212, thus preventing hydrogen from accumulating around the easily leaking area from the source; the jet booster 320 installed in the middle section of the main vent pipe 211 can form a secondary pressurization effect, increasing the flow rate of hydrogen flowing from each secondary vent pipe 212 into the main pipe, effectively preventing multiple leaks. When hydrogen is released simultaneously through the secondary vent pipe 212, it may become congested and slow down in the main vent pipe 211. This ensures that the hydrogen flows continuously and rapidly towards the exhaust port 230 outside the vehicle along the main vent pipe 211. The pressure compensation device 330 on the bus can balance the air pressure inside the vehicle in real time during the rapid release of hydrogen, avoiding the formation of negative pressure inside the vehicle due to the rapid release of hydrogen. This ensures the stability of the bus body and the environment inside the vehicle, solves the problem of slow hydrogen diffusion and easy accumulation under the traditional non-powered release method, and further improves the safety and reliability of hydrogen release in hydrogen fuel cell buses.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, the leak monitoring unit 100 includes multiple first hydrogen concentration sensors 110 arranged in a distributed manner. The multiple first hydrogen concentration sensors 110 are densely arranged in the vehicle hydrogen storage tank, hydrogen pipeline connection points and easily leaking areas along the pipeline.

[0031] Among them, multiple first hydrogen concentration sensors 110 are densely arranged in the hydrogen storage tank inside the vehicle, the connection of the hydrogen pipeline, and the leak-prone areas along the pipeline. This means that a first hydrogen concentration sensor 110 is arranged in each of the hydrogen storage tank inside the vehicle, the connection of the hydrogen pipeline, and the leak-prone areas along the pipeline.

[0032] In this embodiment, the densely arranged first hydrogen concentration sensors 110 achieve comprehensive and detailed monitoring coverage of all high-risk hydrogen leakage areas inside the vehicle, avoiding the possibility of missing small-scale leaks due to insufficient monitoring points. This allows for accurate detection of leak signals in the early stages of a hydrogen leak, before the concentration reaches a dangerous threshold, providing crucial time for the main control unit 400 to quickly activate the release system and reducing the risk of hydrogen accumulation at the source. Simultaneously, the distributed arrangement allows the main control unit 400 to accurately determine the specific location of the hydrogen leak based on monitoring data from the first hydrogen concentration sensors 110 at different locations. This provides accurate location information for the precise opening of the channel solenoid valve 220 on the corresponding area of ​​the directional release channel unit 200, ensuring the targeted and effective directional release, avoiding blind, full-area release, and improving the overall efficiency of the release system.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, the main control unit 400 is connected to the venting path cleaning unit 500. The venting path cleaning unit 500 includes a nitrogen tank 510, multiple purge pipes 520, and a second hydrogen concentration sensor 530. The nitrogen tank 510 is installed inside the bus. The multiple purge pipes 520 are all connected to the outlet of the nitrogen tank 510. Each purge pipe 520 is equipped with a control valve 540. The outlets of the multiple purge pipes 520 are connected to the venting secondary pipe 212. The second hydrogen concentration sensor 530 is installed inside the venting main pipe 211.

[0034] In this embodiment, a cleaning purging medium is provided by a nitrogen tank 510. Combined with purging lines 520 and control valves 540 corresponding to the secondary venting pipes 212, the main control unit 400 can precisely control the opening of the control valves 540 on the corresponding purging lines 520 based on the residual hydrogen data in the main venting pipe 211 fed back by the second hydrogen concentration sensor 530 after a single hydrogen venting operation. Utilizing the inertia and fluidity of nitrogen, the secondary venting pipes 212 and the main pipe are purged in a directional manner, thoroughly removing residual hydrogen from the pipes. This prevents residual hydrogen from accumulating with potential subsequent leaks and creating safety hazards, and also prevents residual hydrogen from interfering with the detection accuracy of the concentration sensor, ensuring the accuracy of the monitoring data. The second hydrogen concentration sensor 530 monitors the hydrogen concentration in the main pipe in real time, providing the main control unit 400 with a precise signal to terminate the purging, ensuring thorough and non-redundant purging.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, the pre-embedded venting pipe 210 is made of metal pipe with an inner wall coated with a hydrogen corrosion resistant coating. The diameter of the pre-embedded venting pipe 210 gradually increases along the hydrogen flow direction, and the pipe bends adopt a smooth arc design.

[0036] In this embodiment, the hydrogen corrosion resistant coating on the inner wall effectively resists the penetration and corrosion of hydrogen into the metal pipe, avoiding potential leakage hazards caused by damage to the inner wall of the pipe after long-term use, and extending the service life of the pre-embedded venting pipe 210. The pipe diameter gradually increases along the direction of hydrogen flow, which can work with the power output of the variable frequency induced draft fan 310 and the jet booster 320 to gradually reduce the hydrogen flow pressure, prevent the airflow from accumulating in the pipe and forming resistance, and at the same time improve the exhaust efficiency at the end of the pipe, ensuring that leaked hydrogen quickly flows into the venting main pipe 211 and is discharged outside the vehicle. The smooth arc design at the bend can replace the traditional right-angle bend structure, eliminate dead angles and eddies in the hydrogen flow, reduce the flow velocity attenuation caused by airflow impact, prevent hydrogen from stagnating and accumulating at the bend, and at the same time reduce airflow noise and pipe wear, ensuring smooth flow of hydrogen along the entire path of the venting secondary pipe 212 and the venting main pipe 211.

[0037] The main control unit 400 uses a high-speed logic chip, which can process multiple sensor signals simultaneously.

[0038] like Figure 2 As shown, a method for rapid hydrogen leakage release in a hydrogen fuel cell bus includes the following steps: S1, real-time hydrogen concentration data of multiple areas inside the vehicle is collected by the leakage monitoring unit 100; S2, the main control unit 400 receives and processes the hydrogen concentration data, analyzes whether a hydrogen leak has occurred, and determines the location of the leak source when a leak is determined; S3, the main control unit 400 controls one or more switchable channel solenoid valves 220 in the directional release channel unit 200 to open according to the location of the leak source, so as to form a directional release path from the leak source through the pre-embedded release pipe 210 to the exhaust port 230 outside the vehicle; S4, the main control unit 400 controls the power-assisted release unit 300 to start and run, providing power for the hydrogen to be discharged outside the vehicle along the directional release path.

[0039] In this embodiment, the distributed first hydrogen concentration sensor 110 of the leak monitoring unit 100 densely collects data from multiple areas, providing a comprehensive basis for subsequent accurate judgment, avoiding missed detections or misjudgments, and ensuring early detection of leak signals. By rapidly processing data and locating the leak source through the main control unit 400, precise control commands can be directly provided to the directional release channel unit 200, correspondingly opening the solenoid valve 220 of the release secondary pipe 212 in the leak source area, avoiding blind opening of all channels. By selectively opening the corresponding channel solenoid valve 220, the power-assisted release unit 300 is simultaneously activated to improve the release flow rate and smoothness, enabling the rapid discharge of leaked hydrogen outside the vehicle. The entire method and system structure are highly compatible, with each step progressing step by step and working together efficiently, significantly improving the accuracy, response speed, and reliability of hydrogen leak handling in hydrogen fuel cell buses.

[0040] Furthermore, in step S4, the main control unit 400 determines the leakage level based on the hydrogen concentration and the rate of concentration change, and controls the output power of the power-assisted venting unit 300 accordingly.

[0041] In this embodiment, the main control unit 400, relying on the data collected by the distributed first hydrogen concentration sensor 110 of the leakage monitoring unit 100, can not only capture the real-time hydrogen concentration, but also determine whether the leak is minor, moderate, or severe based on the rate of concentration change, thus achieving precise definition of the leakage level and providing a scientific basis for power regulation. For different leakage levels, the frequency of the variable frequency induced draft fan 310 and the pressure boosting intensity of the jet booster 320 in the power-assisted venting unit 300 are adjusted in stages. When there is a minor slow leak, the output power is reduced to meet the venting requirements while reducing energy consumption and equipment noise, avoiding waste of power resources. When there is a severe leak, the output power is increased, and with the optimized structure of the pre-embedded venting pipe 210, a strong power support is formed to quickly increase the hydrogen venting rate and prevent the accumulation of a large amount of hydrogen in a short period of time, which could lead to danger. This avoids the disadvantage of single power operation not being able to adapt to different leakage conditions, and also reduces the wear and tear of power components operating at full load for a long time, extending the service life of the variable frequency induced draft fan 310 and the jet booster 320.

[0042] Furthermore, after the leak monitoring unit 100 detects that the hydrogen concentration inside the vehicle has dropped to a safe threshold, the main control unit 400 controls the start of the venting path cleaning unit 500 to purge the pre-embedded venting pipe 210 with inert gas.

[0043] In this embodiment, the distributed first hydrogen concentration sensor 110 of the leak monitoring unit 100 provides real-time concentration data to the main control unit 400, providing a precise trigger signal for cleaning start-up. This ensures that purging only starts after the hydrogen concentration reaches the standard, avoiding premature purging affecting the release effect and delayed purging leading to the accumulation of residual hydrogen. After the main control unit 400 starts the release path cleaning unit 500, the nitrogen tank 510 releases inert nitrogen, which is then purged in a directional manner through the purging pipeline 520 connected to the secondary release pipeline 212. Utilizing the inertness and fluidity of nitrogen, the residual hydrogen on the inner wall of the pipeline is thoroughly removed, preventing residual hydrogen from accumulating with subsequent possible leaks and creating safety hazards.

[0044] The above-disclosed embodiments are merely a few specific examples of the present invention. However, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and any variations that can be conceived by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rapid hydrogen leakage release system for a hydrogen fuel cell bus, characterized in that, It includes a leakage monitoring unit (100), a directional venting channel unit (200), a power-assisted venting unit (300), and a main control unit (400). The leakage monitoring unit (100) is connected to the main control unit (400) and is used to monitor the hydrogen concentration in multiple areas inside the vehicle in real time and transmit monitoring data. The directional venting channel unit (200) is connected to the main control unit (400) and includes a network of pre-embedded venting pipes (210), multiple switchable channel solenoid valves (220) installed on the pre-embedded venting pipes (210), and an external exhaust port (230) connected to the pre-embedded venting pipes (210). The pre-embedded venting pipes (210) are installed in the hydrogen storage tank inside the vehicle, at the connection of the hydrogen pipeline, and in areas prone to leakage along the pipeline. The power-assisted venting unit (300) is connected to the main control unit (400) and is used to provide power for the venting of hydrogen along the directional venting path; The main control unit (400) is used to receive and process the information from the leakage monitoring unit (100), and coordinate the control of the directional discharge channel unit (200) and the power-assisted discharge unit (300) according to the leakage situation.

2. The rapid hydrogen leakage release system for hydrogen fuel cell buses as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pre-embedded venting pipe (210) includes a venting main pipe (211), and a plurality of venting secondary pipes (212) are connected to the venting main pipe (211). The plurality of venting secondary pipes (212) are installed in the vehicle hydrogen storage tank, at the hydrogen pipeline connection point and in the easily leaking area along the pipeline. Each of the venting secondary pipes (212) is equipped with a channel solenoid valve (220).

3. The rapid hydrogen leakage release system for hydrogen fuel cell buses as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The power-assisted venting unit (300) includes multiple variable frequency induced draft fans (310), jet boosters (320), and pressure compensation devices (330). The variable frequency induced draft fans (310) are located at the air inlet end of the venting secondary pipe (212). The jet boosters (320) are installed in the middle section of the venting main pipe (211). The pressure compensation devices (330) are installed on the bus to balance the air pressure inside the bus during the venting process.

4. The rapid hydrogen leakage release system for hydrogen fuel cell buses as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The leakage monitoring unit (100) includes a plurality of first hydrogen concentration sensors (110) arranged in a distributed manner. The plurality of first hydrogen concentration sensors (110) are densely arranged in the hydrogen storage tank inside the vehicle, the connection of the hydrogen pipeline and the leak-prone areas along the pipeline.

5. The rapid hydrogen leakage release system for hydrogen fuel cell buses as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The main control unit (400) is connected to the venting path cleaning unit (500). The venting path cleaning unit (500) includes a nitrogen tank (510), multiple purge lines (520), and a second hydrogen concentration sensor (530). The nitrogen tank (510) is installed inside the bus. The multiple purge lines (520) are all connected to the outlet of the nitrogen tank (510). Each purge line (520) is equipped with a control valve (540). The outlet of the multiple purge lines (520) is connected to the venting secondary pipe (212). The second hydrogen concentration sensor (530) is installed inside the venting main pipe (211).

6. The rapid hydrogen leakage release system for hydrogen fuel cell buses as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The pre-embedded venting pipe (210) is made of metal pipe with an inner wall coated with a hydrogen corrosion resistant coating. The diameter of the pre-embedded venting pipe (210) gradually increases along the hydrogen flow direction, and the pipe bends are designed with a smooth arc shape.

7. The rapid hydrogen leakage release system for hydrogen fuel cell buses as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The main control unit (400) uses a high-speed logic chip, which can process multiple sensor signals simultaneously.

8. A method for rapid release of hydrogen leakage in a hydrogen fuel cell bus, characterized in that, The hydrogen leak rapid release system for hydrogen fuel cell buses as described in any one of claims 1-7 includes the following steps: S1. Real-time hydrogen concentration data in multiple areas inside the vehicle is collected through the leak monitoring unit (100); S2. The main control unit (400) receives and processes the hydrogen concentration data, analyzes whether a hydrogen leak has occurred, and determines the location of the leak source when a leak is determined. S3. The main control unit (400) controls one or more switchable channel solenoid valves (220) in the directional discharge channel unit (200) to open according to the location of the leakage source, so as to form a directional discharge path from the leakage source through the pre-embedded discharge pipe (210) to the vehicle exhaust port (230). S4. The main control unit (400) controls the power-assisted venting unit (300) to start and operate, providing power for hydrogen to be discharged outside the vehicle along the directional venting path.

9. The rapid hydrogen release method for hydrogen fuel cell buses as described in claim 8, characterized in that, In step S4, the main control unit (400) determines the leakage level based on the hydrogen concentration and the rate of concentration change, and controls the output power of the power-assisted venting unit (300) accordingly.

10. The rapid release method for hydrogen leakage in a hydrogen fuel cell bus as described in claim 8, characterized in that, After the leak monitoring unit (100) detects that the hydrogen concentration inside the vehicle has dropped to a safe threshold, the main control unit (400) controls the start of the venting path cleaning unit (500) to purge the pre-embedded venting pipe (210) with inert gas.

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