System and method for recovering lead, tin and iron in water-quenched slag based on lead electrolysis of waste silicofluoride acid and secondary lead smelting

Abstract

The invention relates to a system and a method for recovering lead, tin and iron in water-quenched slag based on lead electrolysis of waste silicofluoride acid and secondary lead smelting. The system for recycling lead, tin and iron in the lead electrolysis waste silicofluoride acid and secondary lead smelting water quenching slag comprises a dissolving mechanism and a plurality of separating mechanisms arranged on the outer side of the dissolving mechanism, and the dissolving mechanism comprises a dissolving tank, a stirring assembly arranged in the dissolving tank and a temperature adjusting assembly arranged on the dissolving tank; and after the waste silicofluoride acid and the water-quenched slag are filled into the dissolving tank for reaction, the waste silicofluoride acid and the water-quenched slag are sequentially introduced into each separation mechanism for solid-liquid separation and precipitation reaction. The method for recycling lead, tin and iron in the water-quenched slag based on lead electrolysis of waste silicofluoride acid and secondary lead smelting comprises the following steps of a grinding procedure, a dissolving procedure, a separating procedure and a recycling procedure on the basis of the recycling system. The method solves the problems that solid and liquid waste in existing secondary lead smelting cannot be synergistically recycled, the recycling system and process are complex, the treatment difficulty is large, and the cost is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of co-recycling of industrial solid waste and waste liquid, and in particular to a system and method for recovering lead, tin and iron from lead electrolysis waste fluorine and recycled lead smelting water quenching slag. Background Technology

[0002] In the recycled lead smelting industry, the recycled lead smelting process generates a large amount of water-quenched slag, while the further lead electrolytic refining process generates waste solutions rich in fluorosilicic acid. Recycled lead water-quenched slag and lead electrolytic waste fluorosilicic acid are two types of high-risk lead-rich secondary resources. For water-quenched slag, which contains valuable metals such as lead, tin, and iron, direct disposal would result in resource waste and pollution of soil and groundwater. The metals are mainly separated and recovered through hydrometallurgical techniques such as acid leaching or alkaline leaching. As for waste fluorosilicic acid, it is highly corrosive. Traditional treatment methods mostly involve neutralization before discharge, or producing fluorosilicate from the purified fluorosilicic acid solution to realize the resource utilization of waste acid.

[0003] However, in the actual recycling process, the inventors found that existing methods for recovering metals from water-quenched slag mostly use strong acid leaching, which requires a large amount of additional chemical raw materials, resulting in high costs and difficulty in treating the leached solution. On the other hand, the utilization of waste fluorosilicone is mostly limited to the preparation of fluoride products, which is costly and wastes the chemical activity of fluorosilicone. In addition, the two types of waste cannot be recycled and treated in a coordinated manner, and the separate recycling systems and processes are complex. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by incorporating a dissolving mechanism to react waste silica-fluorine from lead electrolysis with water-quenched slag from recycled lead smelting at a controlled temperature. This achieves the synergistic recovery and treatment of solid and liquid waste from recycled lead smelting, accelerating the reaction to form a dissolved solution. Multiple separation mechanisms then sequentially perform solid-liquid separation and precipitation reactions on the dissolved solution, effectively separating and recovering different metal compounds of lead, tin, and iron in a stepwise manner. The recovery system and process are simple, reducing processing difficulty, and the entire process utilizes waste to treat waste, thus reducing processing costs. This solves the problems of existing methods failing to synergistically recover solid and liquid waste from recycled lead smelting, resulting in complex recovery systems and processes, high processing difficulty, and high costs.

[0005] To address the above technical problems, the following technical solution is adopted: A lead-tin-iron recovery system based on lead electrolysis waste fluorine silica and recycled lead smelting water-quenched slag, comprising: The dissolving mechanism and a plurality of separation mechanisms disposed outside the dissolving mechanism, wherein the dissolving mechanism includes a dissolving tank, a stirring assembly disposed inside the dissolving tank, and a temperature regulating assembly disposed on the dissolving tank; Waste fluorosilicone and water-quenched slag are filled into the dissolving tank and stirred by the stirring assembly to carry out the reaction. At the same time, the reaction temperature is adjusted by the temperature control assembly until the water-quenched slag stops dissolving. The resulting solution is then passed into each of the separation mechanisms for solid-liquid separation and precipitation reaction. The various precipitates separated in steps are then used to remove impurities and recover lead, tin, and iron.

[0006] Preferably, the lead-tin-iron recovery system based on lead electrolytic waste fluorosilicic acid and recycled lead smelting water quenching slag further includes a grinding mechanism installed inside the dissolving tank; The grinding mechanism includes a grinding barrel disposed in the dissolving tank, a primary grinding disc rotatably disposed in the grinding barrel, a fine grinding disc differentially disposed below the primary grinding disc, a fixed grinding disc disposed at the bottom of the grinding barrel, a temporary storage component disposed outside the fixed grinding disc, and a driving component. After the grinding barrel containing the water-quenched slag performs two-stage grinding with the differentially rotating primary grinding disc, the fine grinding disc, and the fixed grinding disc, the temporary storage component is opened and closed in conjunction with the driving component, thereby controlling the temporary storage or filling of the water-quenched slag in the dissolving tank.

[0007] Preferably, the temporary storage component includes a baffle plate disposed below the fixed grinding disc, a preheating tank disposed outside the dissolving tank, a closure component disposed inside the dissolving tank, and an elastic component; The elastic element forces the closing element to seal the baffle plate and the preheating tank, thereby temporarily storing water-quenched slag through the baffle plate and waste fluorosilicone through the preheating tank.

[0008] Preferably, the stirring assembly includes a stirring rod connected to the fine grinding disc and extending to the bottom of the dissolving tank, a stirring blade disposed at the lower end of the stirring rod, and a scraper disposed on the fine material disc; While the fine grinding disc is grinding, the stirring rod drives the stirring blade to achieve a stirring reaction, and the scraper scrapes off the water-quenched slag on the outside of the fixed grinding disc.

[0009] Preferably, the drive assembly includes a sliding seat disposed on the scraper and slidably mounted on the fine grinding disc, an upper sliding groove and a lower sliding groove spaced apart on the fixed grinding disc, and a guide groove connecting the upper sliding groove and the lower sliding groove; When the grinding disc rotates and grinds, the guide groove guides the sliding seat to slide with the scraper into the upper sliding groove. When the grinding disc rotates in the opposite direction, the guide groove guides the sliding seat to slide with the scraper into the lower sliding groove, and the scraper can push the closing member to open and push the water-quenched slag on the baffle plate.

[0010] Preferably, the temperature control assembly includes a heating tube disposed on the outside of the dissolving tank, an inlet channel that passes through the stirring rod and extends to the outside of the stirring blade, and a connecting pipe that connects the dissolving tank and the preheating tank. The heating tube, together with the hot air introduced by the inlet channel, simultaneously heats the inside and outside of the dissolving tank. At the same time, the hot air is further introduced into the preheating tank through the connecting pipe to preheat the temporarily stored waste fluorosilicone.

[0011] Preferably, the separation mechanism includes a guide pipe connected to the dissolving tank, a filter element disposed below the guide pipe, a sedimentation tank disposed below the filter element and having an outlet pipe at the bottom, and an inlet assembly rotatably disposed inside the sedimentation tank. The solution drawn out by the drainage tube is filtered by the filter element and then enters the sedimentation tank, and then the sedimentation reaction solution is introduced through the inlet component.

[0012] Preferably, the inlet assembly includes a support rod disposed inside the sedimentation tank, a sleeve rotatably disposed outside the support rod and forming a cavity with the support rod, a plurality of disturbance plates disposed outside the sleeve, and a plurality of inlet ports respectively penetrating the support rod and the disturbance plates and extending into the cavity. As the support rod supports the disturbance plate and rotates with the sleeve, the infusion port, in conjunction with the cavity, evenly introduces liquid into the sedimentation tank.

[0013] Preferably, the lead-tin-iron recovery system based on lead electrolytic waste fluorosilicic acid and recycled lead smelting water quenching slag further includes a recovery mechanism disposed on the filter element; The recycling mechanism includes a support frame disposed on the filter element and rotatably connected to the sedimentation tank, a pusher plate rotatably disposed inside the filter element, a water spray nozzle penetrating inside the pusher plate, and a guide plate disposed on the outer side of the bottom of the filter element. When the filter element rotates with the support frame to the top of the sedimentation tank, the sediment is pushed and cleaned by the pusher plate and the spray nozzle, and the filtrate is guided into the sedimentation tank by the guide plate. When the filter element rotates with the support frame to the outside of the sedimentation tank, the pusher plate, together with the spray nozzle and the guide plate, pushes the sediment out with the water flow.

[0014] This application also provides a method for recovering lead, tin, and iron from lead electrolysis waste fluorosilicic acid and recycled lead smelting water-quenched slag. Based on the above-mentioned lead, tin, and iron recovery system from lead electrolysis waste fluorosilicic acid and recycled lead smelting water-quenched slag, the method includes the following steps: Step 1: Grinding process. The water-quenched slag is put into the grinding barrel and sequentially enters the primary grinding disc, the fine grinding disc and the fixed grinding disc. The water-quenched slag is ground in two stages under the differential rotation of the primary grinding disc and the fine grinding disc. The ground water-quenched slag is discharged from the periphery of the fixed grinding disc and temporarily stored in the temporary storage component. Step 2: Dissolution process. The temporary storage component is opened by the drive component, and the water-quenched slag and waste fluorosilicone are added into the dissolution tank until a certain ratio is reached. The stirring component stirs the reaction and the temperature control component adjusts the reaction temperature until the water-quenched slag stops dissolving. Step 3: Separation process. The solution is introduced into multiple series-connected separation mechanisms for step-by-step processing. The primary separation filters out undissolved impurities. Then, after precipitation reaction in each separation mechanism, various precipitates containing lead, tin, and iron are further separated. Step 4: The recycling process involves recovering various precipitates containing lead, tin, and iron and using them in the lead smelting side-blown furnace as raw materials for recycling. At the same time, impurities and the treated solution are recovered and disposed of in a harmless manner.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are: (1) In this invention, by setting up a dissolving tank in conjunction with a stirring assembly and a temperature control assembly, lead electrolytic waste fluorine and recycled lead smelting water quenching slag are reacted in the dissolving tank with temperature control and stirring, so as to realize the synergistic recycling and treatment of solid and liquid waste in recycled lead smelting, significantly improve the leaching efficiency of valuable metals in water quenching slag, and accelerate the reaction to form a solution, reducing the difficulty of treatment. Then, multiple separation mechanisms are used in sequence to carry out solid-liquid separation and precipitation reaction of the solution, which can effectively separate and recover different metal compounds in steps, realize the efficient synergistic recycling of lead, tin and iron, further reduce the difficulty of treatment, the recycling system and process are simple, the whole process is waste-to-waste treatment, and the treatment cost is reduced. (2) In this invention, by setting the differential rotation of the primary grinding disc and the fine grinding disc in the grinding tank and cooperating with the fixed grinding disc at the bottom, a two-stage grinding mechanism of primary grinding followed by fine grinding is formed, which avoids incomplete grinding, improves the particle size uniformity and specific surface area of ​​the water-quenched slag, and facilitates the subsequent dissolution reaction. At the same time, the temporary storage component and the driving component are used to control the temporary storage and filling of the water-quenched slag in the dissolution tank, so as to achieve precise connection and control of grinding and dissolution, and improve the overall system processing efficiency and metal recovery benefits. (3) In this invention, the solid-liquid separation of the solution is achieved by setting the diversion pipe of the separation mechanism in conjunction with the filter element and then transferring it to the sedimentation tank. Multiple such separation mechanisms are connected in series through the liquid outlet pipe. The addition sequence and reaction conditions of different precipitants are flexibly arranged by the inlet component. At the same time, the support frame of the recovery mechanism drives the filter element to automatically discharge and reset the filter. The push plate, spray nozzle and guide plate are used to improve the discharge and filtration efficiency of the filter element, and to clean the precipitate and the filter element. Thus, a continuous and controllable solid-liquid separation and multi-stage sedimentation reaction platform is formed, realizing the integration and automation of key processes for efficient and stepwise recovery of different metals from complex solutions. In summary, this system has the advantages of synergistic recycling of solid and liquid waste in lead smelting, optimizing the recycling system and process, reducing processing difficulty and cost, and is especially suitable for the co-recycling of industrial solid waste and waste liquid. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This invention provides a schematic diagram of a lead-tin-iron recovery system based on lead electrolytic waste fluorine and recycled lead smelting water quenching slag.

[0018] Figure 2 A three-dimensional sectional view of the dissolving mechanism provided by the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the dissolving mechanism provided by the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a structural view of the stirring assembly provided by the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 An exploded view of the grinding mechanism provided by the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the grinding mechanism provided by the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7-8 A diagram illustrating the driving process of the driving component provided by this invention.

[0024] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the separation mechanism provided by the present invention.

[0025] Figure 10 A cross-sectional view of the separation mechanism provided by the present invention.

[0026] Figure 11 Provided by the present invention Figure 10 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle.

[0027] Figure 12 Provided by the present invention Figure 10 A magnified view of a section at point B.

[0028] Figure 13 This is a state diagram of the recycling mechanism provided by the present invention during recycling.

[0029] Figure 14 Provided by the present invention Figure 13 A cross-sectional view of the state diagram.

[0030] Figure 15 The present invention provides a recovery flow chart for a method of recovering lead, tin and iron from lead electrolytic waste fluorine and recycled lead smelting water quenching slag. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] Example 1 like Figures 1-2 As shown, a lead-tin-iron recovery system based on lead electrolytic waste fluorosilicic acid and recycled lead smelting water-quenched slag includes: The dissolving mechanism 1 and a plurality of separation mechanisms 2 disposed outside the dissolving mechanism 1, wherein the dissolving mechanism 1 includes a dissolving tank 11, a stirring assembly 12 disposed inside the dissolving tank 11, and a temperature regulating assembly 13 disposed on the dissolving tank 11; Waste fluorosilicone and water-quenched slag are filled into the dissolving tank 11 and stirred by the stirring component 12 to carry out the reaction. At the same time, the reaction temperature is adjusted by the temperature control component 13 until the water-quenched slag stops dissolving. The resulting solution is then passed into each of the separation mechanisms 2 for solid-liquid separation and precipitation reaction. The various precipitates separated in steps are then used to remove impurities and recover lead, tin and iron.

[0033] In this embodiment, by setting up a dissolving tank 11 in conjunction with a stirring assembly 12 and a temperature control assembly 13, the lead electrolysis waste fluorosilicic acid and the recycled lead smelting water-quenched slag are subjected to a temperature-controlled stirring reaction in the dissolving tank 11. This achieves the synergistic recycling and treatment of solid and liquid waste in recycled lead smelting, optimizes the reaction temperature and mixing conditions, significantly improves the leaching efficiency of valuable metals in the water-quenched slag, and accelerates the formation of a dissolved liquid, reducing the processing difficulty. Then, multiple separation mechanisms 2 are used in sequence to perform solid-liquid separation and precipitation reactions on the dissolved liquid, which can effectively separate and recover different metal compounds in a stepwise manner, achieving efficient synergistic recycling of lead, tin, and iron, further reducing the processing difficulty. The recycling system and process are simple, and the entire process is waste-to-waste treatment. It not only treats hazardous waste acid but also recovers valuable metals from solid waste residue, greatly reducing environmental pollution and disposal costs.

[0034] It should be noted that the multiple dissolution mechanisms 1 allow the low speed of the dissolution reaction to be adapted to the high speed of the subsequent solid-liquid separation and precipitation reactions, thereby improving the system's recovery efficiency.

[0035] Furthermore, such as Figures 2-6 As shown, a lead-tin-iron recovery system based on lead electrolytic waste fluorine and recycled lead smelting water quenching slag also includes a grinding mechanism 3 installed in the dissolving tank 11; The grinding mechanism 3 includes a grinding barrel 31 disposed in the dissolving tank 11, a primary grinding disc 32 rotatably disposed in the grinding barrel 31, a fine grinding disc 33 differentially rotatably disposed below the primary grinding disc 32, a fixed grinding disc 34 disposed at the bottom of the grinding barrel 31, a temporary storage component 35 disposed outside the fixed grinding disc 34, and a drive component 36. After the grinding bucket 31 containing the water-quenched slag is subjected to two-stage grinding with the differentially rotating primary grinding disc 32, fine grinding disc 33, and fixed grinding disc 34, the temporary storage component 35 is opened and closed in conjunction with the drive component 36, thereby controlling the water-quenched slag to be temporarily stored or filled in the dissolving tank 11.

[0036] In this embodiment, by setting the differential rotation of the primary grinding disc 32 and the fine grinding disc 33 in the grinding tank 31 and cooperating with the fixed grinding disc 34 at the bottom, a two-stage grinding mechanism of primary grinding followed by fine grinding is formed. This avoids incomplete grinding, improves the particle size uniformity and specific surface area of ​​the water-quenched slag, and facilitates the subsequent dissolution reaction. At the same time, the temporary storage component 35 and the drive component 36 are used to control the temporary storage and filling of the water-quenched slag in the dissolution tank 11, so as to achieve precise connection and control between grinding and dissolution, and improve the overall system processing efficiency and metal recovery benefits.

[0037] It should be noted that the feed inlet 321 of the primary grinding disc 32 is located on the outside and corresponds to the material inlet 111 of the dissolving tank 11, while the feed inlet 321 of the fine grinding disc 33 is located on the inside. The lower surfaces of the primary grinding disc 32 and the fine grinding disc 33 are provided with opposite guide grooves 322 to realize the directional movement of the water-quenched slag during grinding and its final discharge from the outside of the fixed grinding disc 34. In addition, the primary grinding disc 32 and the fine grinding disc 33 are connected by a differential 331. The differential 331 itself and its installation method are existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0038] Furthermore, such as Figures 2-4 As shown, the temporary storage component 35 includes a baffle plate 351 disposed below the fixed grinding disc 34, a preheating tank 352 wrapped around the outside of the dissolving tank 11, a closing member 353 disposed inside the dissolving tank 11, and an elastic member 356. The elastic element 356 forces the closing element 353 to seal the baffle plate 351 and the preheating tank 352, thereby temporarily storing the water-quenched slag through the baffle plate 351 and the waste fluorosilicone through the preheating tank 352.

[0039] In this embodiment, by setting baffle plate 351 and preheating tank 352, water-quenched slag and waste fluorosilicone are temporarily stored separately before the reaction, realizing independent preheating in separate compartments, which increases the initial temperature of the subsequent dissolution reaction and shortens the time required to reach the optimal reaction temperature. At the same time, under the action of elastic element 356, closing element 353 can automatically form a reliable seal, which also makes it easy for drive component 36 to push open. The structure is simple and easy to use.

[0040] It should be noted that the elastic element 356 can be a coil spring, leaf spring, etc., and its own installation method is existing technology, which will not be described in detail here.

[0041] Furthermore, such as Figures 2-4 As shown, the stirring assembly 12 includes a stirring rod 121 connected to the fine grinding disc 33 and extending to the bottom of the dissolving tank 11, a stirring blade 122 disposed at the lower end of the stirring rod 121, and a scraper 123 disposed on the fine material disc; While the fine grinding disc 33 is grinding, the stirring rod 121 drives the stirring blade 122 to achieve a stirring reaction, and the scraper 123 scrapes off the water-quenched slag on the outside of the fixed grinding disc 34.

[0042] In this embodiment, by setting the stirring rod 121 directly connected to the fine grinding disc 33, the rotational power of the fine grinding disc 33 synchronously drives the stirring blade 122 located at the bottom of the dissolving tank 11 to carry out the stirring reaction, and at the same time drives the scraper 123 to scrape off the water quenched slag that may be attached to the outside of the fixed grinding disc 34 in time. It has self-cleaning and anti-clogging functions, ensuring smooth material transmission and stable grinding effect. This integrated stirring component 12 realizes the efficient synergy and power reuse of grinding, stirring and self-cleaning functions, simplifies the structure, reduces energy consumption, and significantly improves the space utilization and operating efficiency of the system.

[0043] It should be noted that there are multiple stirring blades 122 and scrapers 123 to improve the stirring and scraping effect.

[0044] Furthermore, such as Figures 4-8 As shown, the drive assembly 36 includes a sliding seat 361 disposed on the scraper 123 and slidably mounted on the fine grinding disc 33, an upper sliding groove 362 and a lower sliding groove 363 spaced apart on the fixed grinding disc 34, and a guide groove 364 connecting the upper sliding groove 362 and the lower sliding groove 363. When the fine grinding disc 33 rotates for grinding, the guide groove 364 guides the sliding seat 361 to slide into the upper sliding groove 362 along with the scraper 123. When the fine grinding disc 33 rotates in the opposite direction, the guide groove 364 guides the sliding seat 361 to slide into the lower sliding groove 363 along with the scraper 123. The scraper 123 can then push the closing member 353 to open and push the water-quenched slag on the baffle plate 351.

[0045] In this embodiment, by setting the guide groove 364 in conjunction with the forward and reverse rotation of the fine grinding disc 33 as the driving source, the scraper 123 and the sliding seat 361 are automatically locked in the upper sliding groove 362 during the grinding stage when the fine grinding disc 33 rotates forward, so that it only performs the scraping function. When the fine grinding disc 33 rotates backward, it triggers the sliding seat 361 to slide along the guide groove 364 into the lower sliding groove 363, thereby driving the scraper 123 to perform the action of pushing open the closing member 353 and pushing the material for feeding. This process does not require additional power and complex control, realizing the automation and precise linkage of grinding and feeding switching, which greatly enhances the system integration and operational reliability.

[0046] In detail, when the fine grinding disc 33 rotates forward, the water-quenched slag on the baffle plate 351 pushes the scraper 123 upward into the guide groove 364, and then guides the scraper 123 to slide in the upper sliding groove 362. When the fine grinding disc 33 rotates in reverse, the scraper 123 automatically slides into the guide groove 364 under the action of gravity, and then guides the scraper 123 to slide in the lower sliding groove 363. During the rotation of the scraper 123, the opening and closing parts are intermittently pushed to open for gradual material feeding, avoiding excessive material feeding and causing an imbalance in the ratio of water-quenched slag to waste fluorinated silica. In addition, during the scraping or pushing process of the scraper 123, the connection between the guide groove 364 and the upper sliding groove 362 and the lower sliding groove 363 forces the scraper 123 to shake up and down, preventing water-quenched slag from adhering and accumulating on the scraper 123.

[0047] It should be noted that the closing element 353 includes a sealing block 354 with a trapezoidal structure that is slidably disposed on the baffle plate 351 and a sealing plate 355 with an arc-shaped structure disposed on the sealing block 354. The sealing block 354 seals the baffle plate 351 through the inclined surface of the trapezoidal structure, while the sealing plate 355 seals the preheating tank 352. During the rotation of the scraper 123, the sealing block 354 and the sealing plate 355 are pushed open through the inclined surface of the trapezoidal structure.

[0048] Furthermore, such as Figures 2-4 As shown, the temperature control assembly 13 includes a heating tube 131 disposed on the outside of the dissolving tank 11, an inlet channel 132 that passes through the stirring rod 121 and extends to the outside of the stirring blade 122, and a connecting pipe 133 that connects the dissolving tank 11 and the preheating tank 352. The heating tube 131, together with the hot air introduced by the inlet channel 132, simultaneously heats the inside and outside of the dissolving tank 11. At the same time, the hot air is further introduced into the preheating tank 352 by the connecting pipe 133 to preheat the temporarily stored waste fluorosilicone.

[0049] In this embodiment, external heating is provided by setting a heating tube 131, and the hot air can be directly delivered to the solution for internal heating by the inlet channel 132 that passes through the stirring rod 121. The heating effect is good, the reaction temperature is uniform, and the hot air also improves the stirring effect of the stirring blade 122. At the same time, the residual hot air is further introduced into the preheating tank 352 by the connecting pipe 133 to preheat the temporarily stored waste fluorosilicone, realizing waste heat recovery and pressure relief. This design combines multiple links of heating, stirring and preheating, which greatly optimizes the thermal management efficiency, energy consumption level and reaction stability of the entire recovery process.

[0050] It should be noted that the upper end of the stirring rod 121 extends to the upper exterior of the dissolving tank 11 for easy driving and introduction operation. The hot gas introduced into the preheating tank 352 through the connecting pipe 133 is collected after being drawn out, heated, and then introduced into the introduction channel 132 or subjected to harmless treatment. In addition, the heating tube 131 and the introduction channel 132 work together with the sensor to sense the temperature change, thereby adjusting the heating power and the introduction speed to achieve controllability of the reaction temperature. The heating tube 131 and the sensor themselves and their installation methods are existing technologies and will not be described in detail here. The sensor is not shown.

[0051] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 as well as Figures 9-10 As shown, the separation mechanism 2 includes a guide pipe 21 connected to the dissolving tank 11, a filter element 22 disposed below the guide pipe 21, a sedimentation tank 23 disposed below the filter element 22 and having an outlet pipe 24 at the bottom, and an inlet assembly 25 rotatably disposed inside the sedimentation tank 23. The solution drawn out by the drainage pipe 21 is filtered through the filter element 22 and then enters the sedimentation tank 23, and then the sedimentation reaction solution is introduced through the inlet component 25.

[0052] In this embodiment, by setting a diversion pipe 21 in conjunction with a filter element 22, the solid-liquid separation of the solution is achieved and the solution is transferred to a sedimentation tank 23. Multiple such separation mechanisms 2 are connected in series through a liquid outlet pipe 24. Furthermore, the addition sequence and reaction conditions of different precipitants are flexibly arranged through the inlet component 25, thereby forming a continuous and controllable solid-liquid separation and multi-stage sedimentation reaction platform. This realizes the integration and automation of key processes for the efficient and stepwise recovery of different metals from complex solutions.

[0053] It should be noted that the outlet ends of the drainage pipe 21 and the liquid outlet pipe 24 are provided with multiple openings to facilitate the dispersion and drainage of the liquid before it is filtered by the filter element 22. In addition, the filter element 22 has a conical structure to facilitate filtration and discharge, and both the filter element itself and its installation method are existing technologies, so they will not be described in detail here.

[0054] Furthermore, such as Figures 10-11 As shown, the inlet assembly 25 includes a support rod 251 disposed inside the sedimentation tank 23, a sleeve 252 rotatably disposed outside the support rod 251 and forming a cavity 253 between the support rod 251 and the support rod 251, a plurality of disturbance plates 254 disposed outside the sleeve 252, and a plurality of inlet ports 255 respectively disposed through the support rod 251 and the disturbance plates 254 and extending to the cavity 253; As the support rod 251 supports the disturbance plate 254 and rotates with the sleeve 252, the infusion port 255, in conjunction with the cavity 253, uniformly introduces the liquid into the sedimentation tank 23.

[0055] In this embodiment, by setting a support rod 251 to support the sleeve 252 to drive the rotation of multiple disturbance plates 254 on the outside, and in conjunction with the infusion port 255 and the cavity 253, the precipitant liquid is evenly and dispersedly released into the precipitation tank 23 while disturbing the dissolving liquid, which greatly optimizes the process control and reaction effect of the precipitation reaction.

[0056] It should be noted that after the dissolving liquid is completely drawn out by the drain pipe 21 and the outlet pipe 24, clean water is introduced into the inlet channel and the inlet 255 to rinse the bottom of the dissolving tank 11 and the sedimentation tank, so as to avoid incomplete discharge of sediment and to avoid interfering with the treatment of the next batch of waste.

[0057] Furthermore, such as Figures 12-14 As shown, a lead-tin-iron recovery system based on lead electrolytic waste fluorine and recycled lead smelting water quenching slag also includes a recovery mechanism 4 installed on the filter element 22; The recycling mechanism 4 includes a support frame 41 mounted on the filter element 22 and rotatably connected to the sedimentation tank 23, a pusher plate 42 rotatably mounted inside the filter element 22, a water spray nozzle 43 penetrating inside the pusher plate 42, and a guide plate 44 mounted on the outer side of the bottom of the filter element 22. When the filter element 22 rotates with the support frame 41 to the top of the sedimentation tank 23, the sediment is pushed and cleaned by the pusher plate 42 and the spray nozzle 43, and the filtrate is guided into the sedimentation tank 23 by the guide plate 44. When the filter element 22 rotates with the support frame 41 to the outside of the sedimentation tank 23, the pusher plate 42, together with the spray nozzle 43 and the guide plate 44, pushes the sediment to be discharged with the water flow.

[0058] In this embodiment, the support frame 41 drives the filter element 22 to automatically discharge and reset the filter. The pusher plate 42 and the spray nozzle 43 improve the discharge and filtration efficiency of the filter element 22 and clean the sediment and filter element 22. At the same time, the guide plate 44 guides the liquid in the filter element 22 to flow out in a directional manner to avoid leakage. Thus, the functions of filtration, discharge recovery and cleaning are integrated into one, ensuring the high efficiency, cleanliness and continuous operation of the separation process. In addition, after the filter element 22 is removed from the sedimentation tank 23 with the support frame 41, it is also convenient to inspect and replace the filter element 22.

[0059] It should be noted that the pusher plate 42 is connected to the sleeve 252 via the universal drive shaft 45, which facilitates the synchronous rotation of the sleeve 252 and maintains the rotation of the sleeve 252 during the dynamic movement of the filter element 22. The universal drive shaft 45 itself and its installation method are existing technologies and will not be described in detail here. In addition, the separation mechanism 2 and the recovery mechanism 4 are both set in the fume hood to ensure the safety of the production environment. The fume hood itself and its installation method are existing technologies and are not shown in the attached drawings, so they will not be described in detail here.

[0060] Example 2 like Figures 1-6 as well as Figure 15 As shown, a method for recovering lead, tin, and iron from waste silica fluoride and recycled lead smelting water-quenched slag in lead electrolysis is described. Based on a system for recovering lead, tin, and iron from waste silica fluoride and recycled lead smelting water-quenched slag in Example 1, the method includes the following steps: Step 1: Grinding process. The water-quenched slag is put into the grinding barrel 31 and sequentially enters the primary grinding disc 32, the fine grinding disc 33 and the fixed grinding disc 34. The water-quenched slag is ground in two stages under the differential rotation of the primary grinding disc 32 and the fine grinding disc 33. The ground water-quenched slag is discharged from the periphery of the fixed grinding disc 34 and temporarily stored in the temporary storage component 35. Step 2: Dissolution process. The temporary storage component 35 is opened by the drive component 36. The water-quenched slag and waste fluorosilicone are added into the dissolution tank 11 until a certain ratio is reached. The stirring component 12 stirs the reaction and the temperature control component 13 adjusts the reaction temperature until the water-quenched slag stops dissolving. Step 3: Separation process. The solution is introduced into multiple series-connected separation units 2 for step-by-step processing. The primary separation filters out undissolved impurities. Then, after precipitation reaction in each separation unit 2, various precipitates containing lead, tin, and iron are further separated. Step 4: The recycling process involves recovering various precipitates containing lead, tin, and iron and using them in the lead smelting side-blown furnace as raw materials for recycling. At the same time, impurities and the treated solution are recovered and disposed of in a harmless manner.

[0061] It should be noted that in the grinding process, the grinding particle size of the water-quenched slag should be controlled to below 200 mesh to ensure that the water-quenched slag and waste fluorosilicone are in full contact. In the dissolution process, the ratio of water-quenched slag to waste fluorosilicone is controlled between 1:20 and 1:30, and the reaction temperature is controlled at 60-90℃ for 30-50 minutes. In the separation process, after the first separation unit 2 separates insoluble impurities, pure water and waste fluorosilicone are added to the first separation unit 2 to adjust the pH of the solution to 1-2. Then, a 10% sodium sulfide solution is slowly added. The sodium sulfide contains S²⁺. - With Pb² in the solution + With Sn² + The reactions produce mixed precipitates of PbS and SnS, which are then separated by a second separation unit 2. Next, a 3% hydrogen peroxide solution is slowly added to the second separation unit 2 to remove Fe²⁺. + Oxidized to Fe³ + Then, a 10% sodium hydroxide solution was slowly added to adjust the pH of the solution to 2-3, and the reaction was continued for 5-10 minutes to ensure Fe³⁺. +It is fully converted into Fe(OH)3 precipitate, and then separated by the third separation mechanism 2 to achieve stepwise precipitation and separation of impurities and various precipitates containing lead, tin and iron.

[0062] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "front and back", "left and right", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention.

[0063] Of course, those skilled in the art should understand that the term "a" should be understood as "at least one" or "one or more". That is, in one embodiment, the number of an element can be one, while in another embodiment, the number of the element can be multiple. The term "a" should not be understood as a limitation on the quantity.

[0064] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art under the technical guidance of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A lead-tin-iron recovery system based on lead electrolysis waste fluorosilicic acid and recycled lead smelting water-quenched slag, characterized in that, include: The dissolving mechanism and a plurality of separation mechanisms disposed outside the dissolving mechanism, wherein the dissolving mechanism includes a dissolving tank, a stirring assembly disposed inside the dissolving tank, and a temperature regulating assembly disposed on the dissolving tank; Waste fluorosilicone and water-quenched slag are filled into the dissolving tank and stirred by the stirring assembly to carry out the reaction. At the same time, the reaction temperature is adjusted by the temperature control assembly until the water-quenched slag stops dissolving. The resulting solution is then passed into each of the separation mechanisms for solid-liquid separation and precipitation reaction. The various precipitates separated in steps are then used to remove impurities and recover lead, tin, and iron.

2. The lead-tin-iron recovery system based on lead electrolytic waste fluorine silica and recycled lead smelting water-quenched slag according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a grinding mechanism disposed within the dissolving tank; The grinding mechanism includes a grinding barrel disposed in the dissolving tank, a primary grinding disc rotatably disposed in the grinding barrel, a fine grinding disc differentially disposed below the primary grinding disc, a fixed grinding disc disposed at the bottom of the grinding barrel, a temporary storage component disposed outside the fixed grinding disc, and a driving component. After the grinding barrel containing the water-quenched slag performs two-stage grinding with the differentially rotating primary grinding disc, the fine grinding disc, and the fixed grinding disc, the temporary storage component is opened and closed in conjunction with the driving component, thereby controlling the temporary storage or filling of the water-quenched slag in the dissolving tank.

3. The lead-tin-iron recovery system based on lead electrolytic waste fluorine and recycled lead smelting water-quenched slag according to claim 2, characterized in that, The temporary storage component includes a baffle plate disposed below the fixed grinding disc, a preheating tank disposed outside the dissolving tank, a closure component disposed inside the dissolving tank, and an elastic component; The elastic element forces the closing element to seal the baffle plate and the preheating tank, thereby temporarily storing water-quenched slag through the baffle plate and waste fluorosilicone through the preheating tank.

4. The lead-tin-iron recovery system based on lead electrolytic waste fluorine and recycled lead smelting water-quenched slag according to claim 3, characterized in that, The stirring assembly includes a stirring rod connected to the fine grinding disc and extending to the bottom of the dissolving tank, a stirring blade disposed at the lower end of the stirring rod, and a scraper disposed on the fine material disc; While the fine grinding disc is grinding, the stirring rod drives the stirring blade to achieve a stirring reaction, and the scraper scrapes off the water-quenched slag on the outside of the fixed grinding disc.

5. A lead-tin-iron recovery system based on lead electrolytic waste fluorine and recycled lead smelting water-quenched slag, as described in claim 4, is characterized in that... The driving assembly includes a sliding seat disposed on the scraper and slidably mounted on the fine grinding disc, an upper sliding groove and a lower sliding groove spaced apart on the fixed grinding disc, and a guide groove connecting the upper sliding groove and the lower sliding groove; When the grinding disc rotates and grinds, the guide groove guides the sliding seat to slide with the scraper into the upper sliding groove. When the grinding disc rotates in the opposite direction, the guide groove guides the sliding seat to slide with the scraper into the lower sliding groove, and the scraper can push the closing member to open and push the water-quenched slag on the baffle plate.

6. A lead-tin-iron recovery system based on lead electrolytic waste fluorine silica and recycled lead smelting water-quenched slag according to claim 4, characterized in that, The temperature control assembly includes a heating pipe disposed on the outside of the dissolving tank, an inlet channel that passes through the stirring rod and extends to the outside of the stirring blade, and a connecting pipe that connects the dissolving tank and the preheating tank. The heating tube, together with the hot air introduced by the inlet channel, simultaneously heats the inside and outside of the dissolving tank. At the same time, the hot air is further introduced into the preheating tank through the connecting pipe to preheat the temporarily stored waste fluorosilicone.

7. A lead-tin-iron recovery system based on lead electrolytic waste fluorine silica and recycled lead smelting water-quenched slag according to claim 1, characterized in that, The separation mechanism includes a guide pipe connected to the dissolving tank, a filter element disposed below the guide pipe, a sedimentation tank disposed below the filter element and having an outlet pipe at the bottom, and an inlet assembly rotatably disposed inside the sedimentation tank. The solution drawn out by the drainage tube is filtered by the filter element and then enters the sedimentation tank, and then the sedimentation reaction solution is introduced through the inlet component.

8. A lead-tin-iron recovery system based on lead electrolytic waste fluorine silica and recycled lead smelting water-quenched slag according to claim 7, characterized in that, The inlet assembly includes a support rod disposed inside the sedimentation tank, a sleeve rotatably disposed outside the support rod and forming a cavity between the support rod and the support rod, a plurality of disturbance plates disposed outside the sleeve, and a plurality of inlet ports respectively penetrating the support rod and the disturbance plates and extending into the cavity. As the support rod supports the disturbance plate and rotates with the sleeve, the infusion port, in conjunction with the cavity, evenly introduces liquid into the sedimentation tank.

9. A lead-tin-iron recovery system based on lead electrolytic waste fluorine silica and recycled lead smelting water-quenched slag according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes a recycling mechanism disposed on the filter element; The recycling mechanism includes a support frame disposed on the filter element and rotatably connected to the sedimentation tank, a pusher plate rotatably disposed inside the filter element, a water spray nozzle penetrating inside the pusher plate, and a guide plate disposed on the outer side of the bottom of the filter element. When the filter element rotates with the support frame to the top of the sedimentation tank, the sediment is pushed and cleaned by the pusher plate and the spray nozzle, and the filtrate is guided into the sedimentation tank by the guide plate. When the filter element rotates with the support frame to the outside of the sedimentation tank, the pusher plate, together with the spray nozzle and the guide plate, pushes the sediment out with the water flow.

10. A method for recovering lead, tin, and iron from waste silica fluoride and recycled lead smelting water-quenched slag in lead electrolysis, based on the lead, tin, and iron recovery system from waste silica fluoride and recycled lead smelting water-quenched slag in lead electrolysis as described in any one of claims 2-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Grinding process. The water-quenched slag is put into the grinding barrel and sequentially enters the primary grinding disc, the fine grinding disc and the fixed grinding disc. The water-quenched slag is ground in two stages under the differential rotation of the primary grinding disc and the fine grinding disc. The ground water-quenched slag is discharged from the periphery of the fixed grinding disc and temporarily stored in the temporary storage component. Step 2: Dissolution process. The temporary storage component is opened by the drive component, and the water-quenched slag and waste fluorosilicone are added into the dissolution tank until a certain ratio is reached. The stirring component stirs the reaction and the temperature control component adjusts the reaction temperature until the water-quenched slag stops dissolving. Step 3: Separation process. The solution is introduced into multiple series-connected separation mechanisms for step-by-step processing. The primary separation filters out undissolved impurities. Then, after precipitation reaction in each separation mechanism, various precipitates containing lead, tin, and iron are further separated. Step 4: The recycling process involves recovering various precipitates containing lead, tin, and iron and using them in the lead smelting side-blown furnace as raw materials for recycling. At the same time, impurities and the treated solution are recovered and disposed of in a harmless manner.

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