Protective device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of erosion gully treatment, and discloses a protection device which comprises a plurality of truss units and a plurality of inclined supports, every two oppositely-arranged truss units form a group, each group of truss units abut against the side walls of farmland on the two sides of a river channel, and the multiple groups of truss units are arranged at intervals in the water flow direction of the river channel. The two truss units, located on the same side, of every two adjacent sets of truss units are connected through a plurality of inclined supports. The section of each truss unit is in a right triangle shape, and the two right-angle sides of each truss unit abut against the side wall of the farmland and the surface of the river channel respectively. According to the protection device, in-situ supporting of the eroded gully wall can be achieved through the truss units in the protection device, so that large-scale slope cutting is avoided, meanwhile, the cross section of each truss unit is arranged to be in a right triangle shape, the prefabricated truss units can be effectively used as core soil retaining components to replace traditional sloping soil bodies, and the treatment effect of no slope cutting is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of gully erosion control technology, and in particular to a protective device. Background Technology

[0002] In gully erosion control, the "slope cutting + vegetation slope protection" or "slope cutting + hard slope protection" schemes, such as concrete slabs and masonry, are widely used. The core of these schemes is engineering slope cutting. First, for the nearly vertical original gully walls, combined with... Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 The process requires excavation below the original ground line of farmland 100, reducing the slope to a stable angle extending into the river channel 200, such as 1:1 or gentler, to form a large trapezoidal cross-section. Then, slope protection measures such as grass mats, concrete slabs, or masonry blocks are laid on the newly formed slope to prevent further soil erosion. Throughout this process, the excavated earthwork and the foundation of the slope protection structure require the occupation of a large amount of farmland 100 on the top of the ditch banks, and this massive occupation of permanent arable land is the most significant drawback. To achieve a stable slope, the slope cutting area must extend significantly into the farmland 100 on both sides of the river channel 200, resulting in the permanent occupation of high-quality arable land. This contradiction is particularly prominent in the black soil region of Northeast China. Furthermore, the entire treatment process involves a large volume of earthwork and is costly. Heavy machinery is required for excavating and transporting large amounts of earth, leading to a long construction period and correspondingly higher treatment costs. The ecological disturbance is also quite severe. Large-scale excavation destroys the original vegetation and soil structure of the gully banks. Before slope protection measures take effect, the new slopes may actually become new sources of soil erosion. Furthermore, the treatment structures are too cumbersome. Whether it is a gentle earth slope or a large-scale hard slope protection, it is a passive protection that relies on quantity, resulting in low material utilization efficiency. Therefore, how to address erosion gullies in different situations and reduce the occupation of farmland and other arable land is a problem that researchers in this field need to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a protective device for in-situ treatment of erosion gullies under different conditions, thereby reducing the occupation of farmland and other arable land.

[0004] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: Protective devices for gully erosion control include: Several truss units and several diagonal supports are provided. Each pair of truss units arranged opposite each other forms a group. Each group of truss units abuts against the side walls of farmland on both sides of the river. Multiple groups of truss units are arranged at intervals along the direction of water flow in the river. Two truss units on the same side in two adjacent groups of truss units are connected by several diagonal supports. The cross-section of the truss unit is a right triangle, and the two right-angled sides of the truss unit abut against the side wall of the farmland and the surface of the river channel, respectively.

[0005] Alternatively, the hypotenuse of the truss unit gradually moves away from the sidewall of the farmland along the direction from the top to the bottom.

[0006] Alternatively, the two ends of the diagonal support are respectively connected to the intersection of the hypotenuse of the truss unit and the right-angled side of the truss unit abutting the farmland.

[0007] Alternatively, geocells or gabions filled with soil or gravel may be provided between the truss unit and the sidewall of the farmland to form a vegetated base.

[0008] Alternatively, planting troughs or climbing nets may be provided between two truss units on the same side of two adjacent sets of truss units and / or on the diagonal support to guide the vines to cover the area.

[0009] Optionally, the truss unit is provided with a drainage hole on the right-angled side of the farmland, and a geotextile filter layer and a gravel drainage ditch are provided between the drainage hole and the farmland to reduce hydrostatic pressure.

[0010] Optionally, the height of the truss unit is set to H, and the value of H ranges from 1.5m to 6m; and / or, the bottom width of the truss unit is B, and the value of B ranges from 0.2H to 0.4H.

[0011] Alternatively, the thickness of the truss unit is set to T, and the value of T ranges from 0.15m to 0.3m.

[0012] Optionally, the center-to-center distance between the two sets of truss units is L, and the value of L is in the range of H-1.5H.

[0013] Optionally, the angle between the inclined support and the horizontal plane is α, and the value of α is in the range of 30°-60°.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are: In this invention, the truss units in the protective device enable in-situ support of the erosion gully wall, thus avoiding large-scale slope cutting. The truss units have right-angled triangular cross-sections, effectively utilizing prefabricated truss units as core retaining components to replace traditional sloping soil, achieving a "no-slope cutting" treatment effect. Specifically, multiple sets of truss units are arranged along the river flow direction, with diagonal supports between adjacent truss units, forming a spatially coordinated force-bearing system. This addresses the problem of insufficient stability and easy overturning of individual vertical components, and is also a key factor in cost reduction compared to constructing continuous walls. Adjusting the size and quantity of the truss units, as well as the position of the diagonal supports, according to actual site needs not only ensures low-cost and efficient assembly and disassembly of the in-situ support but also guarantees ecological stability, making it suitable for erosion gully treatment in various situations. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of farmland and waterway in the prior art as described in the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of slope erosion control on farmland in the prior art as described in the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the protective device described in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a top view schematic diagram of the protective device described in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] In the picture: 100 - Farmland; 200 - Waterway; 10 - Truss unit; 20 - Diagonal support. Detailed Implementation

[0017] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar components or components having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0018] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection or a detachable connection; a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; or the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0019] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature being directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0020] In gully erosion control, the "slope cutting + vegetation slope protection" or "slope cutting + hard slope protection" schemes, such as concrete slabs and masonry, are widely used. The core of these schemes is engineering slope cutting. First, for the nearly vertical original gully walls, combined with... Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 The process requires excavation below the original ground line of farmland 100, reducing the slope to a stable angle extending into the river channel 200, such as 1:1 or gentler, to form a large trapezoidal cross-section. Then, slope protection measures such as grass mats, concrete slabs, or masonry blocks are laid on the newly formed slope to prevent further soil erosion. Throughout this process, the excavated earthwork for forming the new slope and the foundation of the slope protection structure require the occupation of a large amount of farmland 100 on the top of the ditch banks, and this massive occupation of permanent arable land is the most significant drawback. To achieve a stable slope, the slope cutting area must extend significantly into the farmland 100 on both sides of the river channel 200, leading to the permanent occupation of high-quality arable land, a problem particularly pronounced in the Northeast black soil region. Furthermore, the entire remediation process involves a large volume of earthwork, resulting in high costs. Heavy machinery is required for excavating and transporting large amounts of earth, leading to a longer construction period and relatively higher remediation costs. The ecological disturbance is also quite severe. Large-scale excavation destroys the original vegetation and soil structure of the gully banks. Before slope protection measures take effect, the new slopes may actually become new sources of soil erosion. Furthermore, the treatment structures are too cumbersome. Whether it is a gentle earth slope or a large-scale hard slope protection, it is a passive protection that relies on quantity, resulting in low material utilization efficiency. Therefore, how to address erosion gullies in different situations and reduce the occupation of farmland and other arable land is a problem that researchers in this field need to solve.

[0021] The technical solution of this embodiment will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0022] like Figures 1 to 4As shown, this embodiment provides a protective device for erosion gully control, including several truss units 10 and several diagonal supports 20. Each pair of oppositely arranged truss units 10 forms a group, and each group of truss units 10 abuts against the side walls of farmland 100 on both sides of the river channel 200. Multiple groups of truss units 10 are spaced apart along the water flow direction of the river channel 200, and two truss units 10 on the same side of adjacent groups of truss units 10 are connected by several diagonal supports 20. The cross-section of the truss unit 10 is a right-angled triangle, and the two right-angled sides of the truss unit 10 abut against the side wall of the farmland 100 and the surface of the river channel 200, respectively.

[0023] Specifically, in this embodiment, the truss unit 10 in the protective device can achieve in-situ support for the erosion gully wall, thereby avoiding large-scale slope cutting. At the same time, the cross-section of the truss unit 10 is set as a right-angled triangle, which can effectively utilize the prefabricated truss unit 10 as the core retaining component to replace the traditional slope soil and achieve the treatment effect of "no slope cutting". Specifically, multiple sets of truss units 10 are set along the direction of river flow, and diagonal supports 20 are set between adjacent truss units 10 to form a spatial collaborative force system to solve the problem of insufficient stability and easy overturning of a single vertical component. At the same time, it is also the core of cost reduction compared to building a continuous wall. The size and number of truss units 10 and the position of diagonal supports 20 can be adjusted according to the actual needs of the site. This not only ensures low-cost and efficient disassembly and assembly of in-situ support, but also ensures ecological stability and is suitable for erosion gully treatment in various situations.

[0024] The specific structure of the protective device in this embodiment will be described below.

[0025] Combination Figures 1-4 As shown, the protective device in this embodiment includes a truss unit 10 and an inclined support 20, and both are provided in multiple units. Optionally, in this embodiment, the protective device is applied to the river channel 200, and can be installed on the river channel 200 and abut against the side wall of the farmland 100 without damaging the farmland 100, so as to achieve in-situ support and reduce land compensation costs.

[0026] Specifically, in this embodiment, truss units 10 are provided on both sides of the river channel 200, and two truss units 10 arranged opposite each other on both sides are set as a group. Multiple groups of truss units 10 are arranged at intervals along the water flow direction of the river channel 200, and two truss units 10 located on the same side in two adjacent groups of truss units 10 are connected by several diagonal supports 20. In this way, the diagonal supports 20 ensure the stable connection between the truss units 10 on both sides of the multiple groups of truss units 10, so that the overall tightness and connectivity of the protective device are stronger.

[0027] Specifically, in this embodiment, the cross-section of the truss unit 10 is a right-angled triangle, and the two right-angled sides of the truss unit 10 abut against the side wall of the farmland 100 and the surface of the river channel 200, respectively. This ensures that the truss unit 10 can be stably installed against the farmland 100 and avoids slope cutting operations on the farmland 100. Furthermore, the hypotenuse of the truss unit 10 gradually moves away from the side wall of the farmland 100 from the top to the bottom to form a slope, which facilitates the management of erosion gullies.

[0028] Furthermore, in this embodiment, geocells or gabions are provided between the truss unit 10 and the side wall of the farmland 100, and filled with soil or gravel to form a vegetation base, ensuring the ecological integrity of the protective device installed in the farmland 100 and the river channel 200. Correspondingly, planting troughs or climbing nets are provided between two truss units 10 on the same side of two adjacent sets of truss units 10 and / or on the diagonal supports 20 to guide vines to cover the area and improve the ecological environment of the protective device.

[0029] For example, a drainage hole is provided on the right-angled side of the truss unit 10 that abuts against the farmland 100, and a geotextile filter layer and a gravel drainage ditch are provided between the drainage hole and the farmland 100 to reduce hydrostatic pressure. Optionally, the diameter of the drainage hole is in the range of 50mm-100mm to ensure effective drainage while preventing the loss of filler material.

[0030] Specifically, in this embodiment, the two ends of the inclined support 20 are respectively connected to the intersection of the hypotenuse of the truss unit 10 and the right-angled side of the truss unit 10 abutting against the farmland 100. In other embodiments, the inclined support 20 can also be placed at an angle, and the specific connection position can be set as needed to ensure a stable connection between two adjacent truss units 10. For example, the inclined support 20 can be made of a combination of circular steel pipes, angle steel, or rectangular steel beams, with circular steel pipes being preferred because of their isotropic properties, good compressive and bending resistance, and convenient node connection.

[0031] Optionally, the angle between the inclined support 20 and the horizontal plane during installation is α, and the value of α ranges from 30° to 60°. When the angle is small, close to 30°, the inclined support 20 can provide stronger horizontal tension, effectively suppressing lateral displacement of the unit; when the angle is large, close to 60°, it provides more vertical support force, assisting in anti-settlement. For example, an angle of about 45° is recommended to ensure balanced force distribution on the inclined support 20 and facilitate construction.

[0032] Accordingly, in this embodiment, the height of the truss unit 10 is set to H, and H is a decisive parameter that directly determines the depth of the treatment ditch. For example, the value of H ranges from 1.5m to 6m; and / or, the bottom width of the truss unit 10 is B, and the value of B ranges from 0.2H to 0.4H. Further, the thickness of the truss unit 10 is set to T, and the value of T ranges from 0.15m to 0.3m. Correspondingly, the center-to-center distance between the two sets of truss units 10 is L, and the value of L satisfies H-1.5H.

[0033] For example, the lower limit of the height H of the truss unit 10 is 1.5m, which is suitable for shallow ditches or as the first level of graded support; the upper limit of the height H is 6.0m, which facilitates the transportation and hoisting of the prefabricated truss unit 10 in this embodiment, thereby improving economic efficiency. Furthermore, when the height of the treatment ditch exceeds this height, the truss unit 10 can be stacked in a graded manner in the height direction to meet the treatment requirements.

[0034] Optionally, the length B of the bottom right-angled side of the truss unit 10 can be set within a range sufficient to ensure sufficient anti-slip and anti-overturning stability under common soil conditions. For example, the bottom width B of a 3-meter-high truss unit 10 can range from 0.6 to 1.2 meters. Furthermore, the thickness T of the truss unit 10 refers to its front-to-back thickness, which can also control the overall material usage of the truss unit 10 to meet the requirements of internal filling and structural stiffness.

[0035] Optionally, when the center-to-center distance L between two sets of truss units 10 is too small, i.e., L < 1.0H, the multiple sets of truss units 10, after installation, will approach the continuous wall, which will not only increase costs but also weaken its advantages. When the center-to-center distance L is too large, i.e., L > 1.5H, too much soil will be exposed between the truss units 10, requiring additional protection and increasing costs and risks. For example, the optimal center-to-center distance L can be 1.2H to achieve a balance between material saving and full coverage.

[0036] Accordingly, the concrete strength grade range is C30-C40 during filling to meet durability and strength requirements, with C30 being the commonly used minimum grade. Similarly, Q235B or Q355B steel is used for ordinary structural applications, which is economical and readily available. Q355B is used for important projects or large spans. The filling materials include crushed stone, planting soil, and eco-bags. Crushed stone has good permeability, and planting soil is beneficial for ecological restoration; these materials can also be used in combination.

[0037] Working principle: When lateral pressure is applied to the soil walls of the farmland 100 on both sides of the river channel 200, the force is transmitted to the right-angled sides of the triangular truss unit 10. Under the stable geometric characteristics of the triangle, the lateral force is converted into pressure and tension along the inclined plane and base of the triangle, and finally transmitted to the depth of the foundation through the bottom of the truss unit 10. The inclined support 20 can effectively prevent a single truss unit 10 from overturning into the river channel 200 under the pressure of the soil, and distribute the local load to adjacent truss units 10, so that the entire protective device can work together to resist the force, greatly enhancing the overall anti-overturning and anti-sliding ability.

[0038] Based on the above structure, two specific embodiments are given as application examples of the protective device. Application example one mainly targets the treatment of erosion gullies with a depth of about 4 meters, which are common in the black soil region of Northeast China. Specifically, the truss unit 10 is a precast reinforced concrete component with a height H of 3.8 meters, slightly less than the gully depth to reserve a safety space. Based on stability calculations, the bottom width B of the truss unit 10, which provides anti-slip moment, is designed to be 1.14 meters, or about 0.3H, and the thickness T of the truss unit 10 is set to 0.25 meters, ensuring both rigidity and economy. Thus, a core support unit with a clear outline, easy to prefabricate in the factory and hoist on site is formed.

[0039] Optionally, in the planar layout, along the water flow direction of the river channel 200, the center-to-center distance L between two adjacent sets of truss units 10 is set to 4.5 meters, or approximately 1.2H. This spacing minimizes the amount of material used in the solid structure while ensuring continuous and effective support for the ditch wall, thus realizing the material-saving optimization concept of discrete layout and overall coordination.

[0040] Furthermore, the exposed soil between adjacent truss units 10 will be covered with subsequent ecological materials, and the inclined support 20 is made of seamless steel pipe of Q235B material with specifications of Ф89×4mm. Its two ends are firmly connected to the middle of the inclined surface of the two adjacent truss units 10 through pre-embedded node plates. The installation angle α of the inclined support 20, that is, the angle between the member and the horizontal plane is 45°, so that when the soil pressure of the trench wall acts on the right-angle side of the truss unit 10, the inclined support 20 will mainly bear the axial pressure. According to the principle of force decomposition, the inclined support 20 can effectively transfer and distribute about 1.41 times the unilateral soil pressure component to the adjacent truss units 10, thereby coupling multiple independent units into a spatially statically indeterminate stable system to solve the problem of anti-overturning stability in the vertical support of high and steep slopes.

[0041] To ensure long-term stability and ecological benefits, a 0.3-meter-thick drainage layer is installed between the back of the truss unit 10 and the original ditch wall, i.e., the side wall of farmland 100. This layer is filled with crushed stone with a particle size of 20-40mm. Three rows of 80mm-diameter drainage holes are made on the retaining panel of the truss unit 10 near the right-angled side of farmland 100. For example, the drainage holes are arranged in a staggered pattern with a hole spacing of approximately 1 meter × 1 meter. Furthermore, a material with a unit area mass of not less than 400g / m³ is laid between the crushed stone drainage layer and the soil. 2 The geotextile acts as a filter layer to prevent the loss of fine soil particles. In summary, the drainage structure described above can significantly reduce the hydrostatic pressure acting on the structure and improve its durability.

[0042] Application Example 2 is a case study for erosion gully management adapting to different scales and geological conditions. The height H of the truss unit 10 can be selected within the range of 1.5 meters to 6.0 meters according to the gully depth. The center-to-center distance L between two adjacent sets of truss units 10 is preferably 1.0 to 1.5 times the height H. The installation angle α of the diagonal support 20 is preferably between 30° and 60°. When α is smaller, such as when it is set to 30°, the diagonal support 20 can provide stronger horizontal restraint; when α is larger, such as when it is set to 60°, it provides more vertical support. The design can be optimized according to the main control conditions. Accordingly, the cross-sectional form of the diagonal support 20 is not limited to circular tubes, but can also be angle steel, channel steel, or a combination of them. Optionally, the filling material at the back of the truss unit 10 can also be ecological bags, vegetated concrete, or local planting soil to meet the specific needs of ecological restoration.

[0043] Therefore, compared with the aforementioned prior art, the protective device in this embodiment not only maximizes the conservation of arable land, but also maintains its upright position without requiring large-scale slope cutting of the ditch walls, essentially preserving the original ditch line and avoiding the significant effect of permanent occupation of arable land by engineering projects. Furthermore, it optimizes project costs. Although it increases the cost of prefabricated components, it completely eliminates huge land compensation fees and large-scale earthwork excavation, transportation, and disposal costs, making the overall cost more advantageous in terms of socio-economic benefits. Simultaneously, the protective device in this embodiment has a lightweight and efficient structure. The triangular structure is one of the most mechanically efficient forms, achieving maximum support strength with minimal materials. The segmented diagonal bracing further optimizes stress distribution, avoiding material waste. Moreover, construction is rapid and eco-friendly. Specifically, the main components can be prefabricated in the factory and then assembled on-site, resulting in fast construction, minimal site disturbance, providing a platform for ecological restoration, and facilitating the integration of engineering and ecology.

[0044] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make other variations or modifications based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A protective device for treating erosion gullies, characterized in that, include: A number of truss units (10) and a number of diagonal supports (20) are provided. Each pair of truss units (10) arranged opposite each other forms a group. Each group of truss units (10) abuts against the side walls of farmland (100) on both sides of the river channel (200). Multiple groups of truss units (10) are arranged at intervals along the water flow direction of the river channel (200). Two truss units (10) located on the same side in two adjacent groups of truss units (10) are connected by a number of diagonal supports (20). The cross section of the truss unit (10) is a right triangle, and the two right-angled sides of the truss unit (10) abut against the side wall of the farmland (100) and the surface of the river channel (200), respectively.

2. The protective device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hypotenuse of the truss unit (10) gradually moves away from the sidewall of the farmland (100) from the top to the bottom.

3. The protective device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two ends of the diagonal support (20) are respectively connected to the intersection of the hypotenuse of the truss unit (10) and the right-angled side of the truss unit (10) abutting against the farmland (100).

4. The protective device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Geocells or wire mesh gabions are provided between the truss unit (10) and the side wall of the farmland (100), and are filled with soil or gravel to form a vegetated foundation.

5. The protective device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Planting troughs or climbing nets are provided between two truss units (10) on the same side of two adjacent sets of truss units (10) and / or on the diagonal support (20) to guide vine plants to cover.

6. The protective device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The truss unit (10) is provided with a drainage hole on the right-angle side of the farmland (100), and a geotextile filter layer and a gravel drainage ditch are provided between the drainage hole and the farmland (100) to reduce hydrostatic pressure.

7. The protective device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The height of the truss unit (10) is set to H, and the value of H ranges from 1.5m to 6m. And / or, the bottom width of the truss unit (10) is B, and the value of B is in the range of 0.2H-0.4H.

8. The protective device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the truss unit (10) is set to T, and the value of T ranges from 0.15m to 0.3m.

9. The protective device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The center distance between the two sets of truss units (10) is L, and the value of L is within the range of H-1.5H.

10. The protective device according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the inclined support (20) is installed, the angle between it and the horizontal plane is α, and the value of α is within the range of 30°-60°.

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