Protective stripping and resource utilization method and system for gravel curtain in Saggob region

Abstract

The invention discloses a protective stripping and resource utilization method and system for a gravel curtain in a Saggoga region, and relates to the technical field of ecological protection and resource utilization in the Saggoga region, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, gravel curtain geological evaluation, ecological function division and stripping region layering: carrying out the aerial photographing of a gravel curtain layer distribution target region through an unmanned aerial vehicle, a gravel curtain surface layer loose coverage area, a compact accumulation area and an engineering core point location are identified, layering thickness is measured in combination with field survey, layering characteristics are confirmed, and an ecological protection area and a stripping area are divided according to ecological protection and engineering requirements. According to the protective stripping and resource utilization method and system for the gravel curtain in the Sagolian area, layered stripping is conducted on the gravel curtain, a small excavator with a rubber bucket is adopted for shoveling the gravel curtain on the upper layer, and the gravel curtain is stacked nearby and temporarily protected after being stripped and used for ecological restoration of the periphery of a later engineering area; and the lower layer is excavated by a small excavator with a rubber bucket, and is stacked nearby after being collected and used for recycling such as tower footing backfilling and site cushion layers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ecological protection and resource utilization technology in desert and Gobi areas, specifically to a method and system for the protective stripping and resource utilization of gravel curtains in desert and Gobi areas. Background Technology

[0002] As a key component of the surface in the desert and Gobi areas, the gravel curtain layer is composed of gravel, sand and soil of different particle sizes and surface biological crust. It not only provides basic bearing capacity support for the tower foundations of power transmission and transformation projects and substation sites, but also plays a core role in preventing wind erosion and sand fixation, reducing soil evaporation and maintaining regional ecological balance. It is directly related to the prevention and control of desertification around the project and the long-term operational safety.

[0003] However, in the development of existing power grid transmission and transformation projects in desert and Gobi areas, the treatment of gravel layers generally adopts a "project-first" one-size-fits-all approach: during construction phases such as substation site leveling, transmission line tower foundation excavation, and cable trench laying, ordinary bulldozers and scrapers are used to completely remove the gravel layer within the construction area. The stripped gravel and sand are either directly buried in the tower foundation pit or randomly piled around the perimeter of the transmission line corridor. This approach is seriously inconsistent with the construction characteristics and ecological safety requirements of power grid transmission and transformation projects, and presents three core problems: Damaging the ecological barrier and threatening the long-term safety of the project: The complete removal of the gravel curtain layer directly destroys the natural windbreak and sand-fixing barrier, resulting in exposed soil in the substation area, around the tower foundations, and along the transmission line corridors. Under strong winds, this soil is prone to new wind erosion and desertification. The mobile sand dunes formed by the exposed soil may bury cable trenches, erode tower foundations, and even affect the insulation performance of transmission line insulators, increasing equipment maintenance costs and safety hazards. The waste of resources is severe, exacerbating secondary environmental impacts: The desert and barren areas are rich in gravel resources. The gravel in the stripped gravel layer can be used as engineering filler (such as tower foundation backfill and site cushion layer), but current treatment methods treat it as waste, failing to achieve resource utilization and requiring additional land outside the transmission line corridor for stockpiling. The stockpiled material is prone to landslides and dust storms under wind conditions, polluting the environment around the power transmission and transformation equipment and potentially affecting the heat dissipation of substation electrical equipment due to dust accumulation. Ignoring ecological vulnerability reduces regional restoration capacity: Power grid transmission and transformation projects cover a wide area, and existing treatment equipment has not considered the vulnerability of the surface crust of the gravel curtain layer during operation. The microbial community and seed bank contained in the surface crust are key to regional ecological restoration. Mechanical compaction and removal can easily lead to crust breakage and destruction of the seed bank. At the same time, forced stripping can easily cause the lower soil aggregates to disperse, reduce the soil's water retention capacity, and make post-construction vegetation restoration more difficult, further aggravating the ecological degradation around the project.

[0004] Therefore, in response to the prominent contradiction between the development needs of power grid transmission and transformation projects and ecological protection in the desert and Gobi areas, we propose a method and system for the protective stripping and resource utilization of gravel curtains in the desert and Gobi areas. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a method and system for the protective stripping and resource utilization of gravel curtains in desert and barren areas, solving the problems of severe ecological damage, resource waste, and lack of ecological consideration mentioned in the background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for the protective stripping and resource utilization of gravel curtains in desert and Gobi areas, comprising the following steps: S1: Gravel curtain geological assessment, ecological function division, and stripping layering. Using drones to take aerial photos of the target area of ​​the gravel curtain layer distribution, identify the loose coverage area, compacted accumulation area and core engineering points of the gravel curtain surface. Combined with on-site survey and measurement of layer thickness and confirmation of layer characteristics, divide the ecological protection zone and stripping zone according to ecological protection and engineering needs, and clarify the stripping requirements and core principles of each area. S2: Protective stripping of gravel curtain: The gravel curtain is stripped in layers. For the upper layer, a small excavator with a rubber bucket is used, advancing parallel to the prevailing wind direction and scraping continuously in one go without lifting the bucket midway. This ensures that the stripped gravel curtain layer remains relatively intact in the bucket. The flexible edge of the rubber bucket prevents it from snagging the lower layer, and the stripping thickness is strictly controlled to remove fine gravel. The stripped upper gravel curtain is then piled up nearby and temporarily protected. For the lower layer, a small excavator with a rubber bucket is used in the same way, traveling perpendicular or obliquely to the stripping direction of the upper layer, forming a grid-like stripping pattern. The gravel curtain layer and the lower soil layer are excavated as a whole and transported to the soil-rock separation and screening unit. Pure gravel, sand, and silt are separated, collected, and piled up nearby. Simultaneously, a crust repair agent is sprayed on the ecological protection area. S3: Resource utilization of gravel and soil: pure gravel is used to pave upwind windbreaks or to prepare ecological roadbeds; pure gravel that meets the gradation requirements is used as building material for recycled concrete or road subbase; sand is mixed with organic fertilizer and water-retaining agent for soil improvement and vegetation reconstruction in disturbed areas.

[0007] Furthermore, drones equipped with high-definition visible light cameras were used to conduct full-coverage aerial photography of the target area where the gravel layer was distributed. Image features were used to quickly identify: "loosely covered areas" with darker color and irregular texture on the gravel surface, and "compacted areas" with lighter color and clear gravel outlines. Simultaneously, key engineering locations such as transmission line tower foundations and substation sites were marked, initially delineating key areas requiring layered stripping. Based on the preliminary aerial zoning, reconnaissance points were established using a "priority to engineering locations and random placement" approach. The on-site operation was as follows: Layer thickness measurement: Gently peel along the vertical profile of the gravel curtain and measure the thickness of the upper and lower layers with a tape measure; the upper layer is confirmed by hand-grabbing and observation, and the lower layer is confirmed by quick sieving with a handheld sieve. Based on aerial photography and site survey results, the areas were divided into two categories according to "layer characteristics and engineering requirements," and the stripping requirements were clearly defined: Ecological Protection Zone: Areas with an upper layer thickness ≥ 5cm, high microbial enrichment, and no engineering encroachment are permitted to be stripped; only fencing is required for protection. Stripping Zone: Covers both core and secondary project locations. At core locations, the upper and lower layers of the gravel curtain are completely stripped. The upper layer is removed by excavator and stockpiled nearby for future ecological restoration around the project area. The lower layer is excavated by a small excavator with a rubber bucket and stockpiled nearby for resource utilization such as tower foundation backfill and site cushion. At secondary locations, only the lower layer is stripped to meet construction needs, while the upper layer remains in situ. If local crusting is damaged, a similar material is selected from the upper layer collected at the core location for repair.

[0008] Furthermore, in step S2, the crust repair agent also includes 3%-8% humic acid by weight, and after spraying, it is covered with breathable non-woven fabric for maintenance for 3-7 days.

[0009] Furthermore, the soil and rock separation screening unit in step S2 includes a three-layer screening structure: the upper screen has a mesh size of 50mm, the middle screen has a mesh size of 2mm, and the lower screen has a mesh size of 0.05mm. The screening speed is 0.5-2m³ / h.

[0010] Furthermore, in step S3, the compaction degree of the ecological roadbed shall not be less than 93%, and the cubic compressive strength of the recycled concrete shall not be less than C30.

[0011] Furthermore, a protective stripping and resource utilization system for gravel curtains in desert and Gobi areas, applying the aforementioned method for protective stripping and resource utilization of gravel curtains in desert and Gobi areas, includes a geological assessment module, a differentiated treatment module, and a resource utilization module. The geological assessment module includes a high-definition visible camera, a soil sampler and particle size analyzer, and a crust strength tester. The differentiated treatment module includes a crust repair agent spraying device, a layered stripping device, and a soil-rock separation and screening unit. The layered stripping device includes a rubber bucket, an excavator, and a conveying mechanism. The soil-rock separation and screening unit includes a three-layer screen, a vibrating motor, and a material collection bin. The resource utilization module includes a gravel windbreak laying mechanism, an ecological roadbed forming equipment, and a soil improvement and mixing device.

[0012] Furthermore, the crust repair agent spraying device includes a storage tank, a metering pump, and an adjustable nozzle, the nozzle height of which can be adjusted within the range of 0.8-1.5m.

[0013] Furthermore, the screen of the soil and rock separation screening unit is made of wear-resistant manganese steel, and the screen inclination angle can be adjusted within the range of 15°-30°, and it is equipped with a backflushing and unclogging mechanism.

[0014] This invention provides a method and system for the protective stripping and resource utilization of gravel curtains in desert and Gobi areas, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. The protective stripping and resource utilization method and system for gravel curtains in the Gobi Desert region accurately delineates ecological protection zones and engineering stripping zones through an assessment method combining drone aerial photography and on-site sampling, avoiding the destruction of high ecological value gravel curtain layers by "one-size-fits-all" removal. In the ecological protection zone, after treatment with a crust repair agent, the surface crust strength is significantly improved, and the windbreak and sand fixation capacity is significantly enhanced, effectively reducing wind erosion and desertification around the development area and maintaining the stability of plant habitats. In the stripping zone, the layered stripping process reduces the dispersion of soil aggregates in the lower layer, reduces the loss of soil organic matter, and preserves a good soil foundation for subsequent vegetation reconstruction. This invention significantly improves the utilization rate of stripped materials through resource utilization, without the need for additional land occupation for stockpiling.

[0015] 2. The protective stripping and resource utilization method and system for gravel curtain in the desert area. The separated pure gravel can be used as an ecological windbreak, as a building material to replace natural aggregate, and as an ecological roadbed. After the separated sand is improved by organic fertilizer and water-retaining agent, the soil water retention capacity and organic matter content are greatly improved. It can be directly used for vegetation reconstruction in the disturbed area, significantly improving the vegetation coverage rate. There is no need to purchase planting soil, reducing soil transportation and procurement costs. Attached Figure Description Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall process of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

[0017] This invention provides a technical solution: a method for the protective stripping and resource utilization of gravel curtains in desert and Gobi areas, comprising the following steps: S1: Geological assessment and ecological function assessment, and delineation of stripping stratification zones. Aerial drone photography was used to identify loosely covered areas, compacted areas, and key engineering points on the gravel surface. Combined with on-site reconnaissance to measure layer thickness and confirm layer characteristics, ecological protection zones and stripping zones were delineated according to ecological protection and engineering needs. Stripping requirements and core principles for each area were clarified. Aerial drones were used to conduct full-coverage aerial photography of the target area, quickly identifying "loosely covered areas" with darker color and irregular texture, and "compacted areas" with lighter color and clear gravel outlines. Key engineering points such as transmission line tower foundations and substation sites were simultaneously marked, initially delineating key areas requiring layered stripping. Based on the preliminary aerial zoning, reconnaissance points were set up using a "priority to engineering points and random placement" approach. On-site operations are as follows: Layer thickness measurement: Gently peel along the vertical profile of the gravel curtain and measure the thickness of the upper and lower layers with a tape measure; the upper layer is confirmed by hand-grabbing and observation, and the lower layer is confirmed by quick sieving with a handheld sieve. Based on aerial photography and site survey results, the areas were divided into two categories according to "layer characteristics and engineering requirements," and the stripping requirements were clearly defined: Ecological Protection Zone: Areas with an upper layer thickness ≥ 5cm, high microbial enrichment, and no engineering encroachment are prohibited from being stripped; only fencing is required for protection. Stripping Zone: Covers both core and secondary project locations. At core locations, the upper and lower layers of the gravel curtain are completely stripped. The upper layer is shoveled by excavators and stockpiled nearby for future ecological restoration around the project area. The lower layer is excavated by small excavators with rubber buckets and stockpiled nearby for resource utilization such as tower foundation backfilling and site cushioning. At secondary locations, only the lower layer is stripped to meet construction needs, while the upper layer remains in situ. If local crusting is damaged, similar materials are selected from the upper layer collected at the core location for repair. S2: Protective stripping of the gravel curtain: The upper layer uses a small excavator with a rubber bucket, advancing parallel to the prevailing wind direction for continuous scraping in one go, without lifting the bucket midway. This ensures the stripped gravel curtain layer remains relatively intact within the bucket. The flexible edges of the rubber bucket prevent snagging on the lower layer, and the stripping thickness is strictly controlled to remove fine gravel, preserving the original gravel arrangement and particle size distribution to the greatest extent possible, minimizing disturbance to the fine particles in the lower layer. The lower layer also uses a small excavator with a rubber bucket, traveling perpendicular or obliquely to the stripping direction of the upper layer, forming a grid. The purpose of creating stripping marks is to sever any potential capillary water channels and root systems between the upper and lower layers, while avoiding repeated compaction along the same path. The gravel curtain layer and the underlying soil are excavated as a whole and transported to a soil-rock separation and screening unit. Pure gravel, sand, and silt are separated, collected, and piled nearby, with temporary barriers used for temporary protection. Simultaneously, a crust remediation agent is sprayed on the ecological protection area, consisting of 20%-40% lignin sulfonate, 5%-15% biological crust promoter, and 45%- A crust repair agent composed of 75% water is used at a dosage of 0.8-1.5 L / m². A layered stripping device is employed for the stripped area. First, a small excavator with a rubber bucket is used, advancing parallel to the prevailing wind direction for continuous scraping in one pass without lifting the bucket midway. This ensures the stripped gravel layer remains relatively intact within the bucket, utilizing the flexible edge of the rubber bucket to prevent snagging of the lower layer, and strictly controlling the stripping thickness to remove fine gravel. Then, a small excavator with a rubber bucket is used again, traveling perpendicular or obliquely to the upper stripping direction, forming a grid-like stripping pattern. The gravel curtain layer and the underlying soil are excavated as a whole and transported to the soil-rock separation and screening unit. Pure gravel, sand and clay particles are separated, collected and piled up nearby, and temporary barriers are used for temporary protection. The crust repair agent in step S2 also includes 3%-8% humic acid by mass. After spraying, it is covered with breathable non-woven fabric for curing for 3-7 days. The soil-rock separation and screening unit in step S2 includes a three-layer screening structure: the upper screen has a mesh size of 50mm, the middle screen has a mesh size of 2mm, and the lower screen has a mesh size of 0.05mm. The screening speed is 0.5-2m³ / h. It should be noted that, due to the low hardness of the rubber bucket, when the upper gravel curtain is peeled off, the rubber bucket makes an elastic collision with the gravel, which will not crush the gravel; the bucket teeth are blunt and round, and it is not easy to stir up the lower layer of fine soil when scraping; when the lower gravel curtain is peeled off, although the tips of the rubber teeth are soft, they are sufficient to cut loose sand and soil, and do not stick to the soil, so the sand and soil do not adhere to the soil, resulting in high efficiency.

[0018] In an optional embodiment, surface sand and fine gravel with a particle size <2mm can also be removed by a flexible brush roller or a low-pressure airflow of 0.1-0.3MPa to recover the surface seed bank. The low-pressure airflow is generated by an air compressor in conjunction with a hose.

[0019] In step S2, after the upper and lower gravel curtains are peeled off, they are piled up in a nearby location and temporarily covered or blocked off to enclose the gravel curtains. Geotextile is then used to cover and protect the gravel curtains.

[0020] S3: Resource utilization of gravel and soil. Pure gravel is laid as upwind windbreaks with a grid size of 1m×1m-3m×3m and a height of 0.5-1.2m, or used to prepare ecological roadbeds. Pure gravel that meets the gradation requirements is used as building material for recycled concrete or road subbase. Sand is mixed with 5%-10% organic fertilizer and 0.1%-0.3% water-retaining agent for soil improvement and vegetation reconstruction in disturbed areas. In step S3, the compaction degree of the ecological roadbed is not less than 93%, and the cubic compressive strength of the recycled concrete is not less than C30.

[0021] A protective stripping and resource utilization system for gravel curtains in desert and Gobi areas is disclosed. The system employs a method for the protective stripping and resource utilization of gravel curtains in desert and Gobi areas, comprising a geological assessment module, a differentiated treatment module, and a resource utilization module. The geological assessment module includes a high-definition visible camera, a soil sampler, a particle size analyzer, and a crust strength tester. The differentiated treatment module includes a crust repair agent spraying device, a layered stripping device, and a soil-rock separation and screening unit. The layered stripping device includes a rubber bucket, an excavator, and a conveying mechanism. The soil-rock separation and screening unit includes a three-layer screen, a vibrating motor, and a material collection bin. The resource utilization module includes a gravel windbreak laying mechanism, an ecological roadbed forming equipment, and a soil amendment mixing device. The crust repair agent spraying device includes a storage tank, a metering pump, and an adjustable nozzle. The nozzle height can be adjusted within the range of 0.8-1.5m. The screen of the soil-rock separation and screening unit is made of wear-resistant manganese steel, and the screen inclination angle can be adjusted within the range of 15°-30°. It is also equipped with a backflushing and unclogging mechanism.

[0022] To achieve the collection of the seed bank by blowing on the upper surface, the layering and stripping device also includes an air compressor or a flexible brush roller.

[0023] The specific implementation methods of this invention will be described in detail below, taking into account actual construction scenarios: The specific operation is as follows: A drone equipped with a high-definition visible light camera was used to conduct full-coverage aerial photography of the power transmission line corridor and substation area. The flight altitude was set at 60m, and two types of characteristic areas were identified based on the acquired images: Loose coverage area: The image shows a dark brown area with irregular texture, which is identified as the upper (protective layer) enriched area; Compacted deposit area: The main image shows a light gray area with clear gravel outlines, which is identified as the dominant area of ​​the lower layer (stable layer).

[0024] The reconnaissance points were set up using a method that prioritizes engineering sites and uses random placement: Core area of ​​the project: 4 points are set up around each tower base, and the substation area is laid out in a 50m×50m grid; Non-core area: Transmission line corridors are laid out at 200m intervals.

[0025] The on-site operation is as follows: Layer thickness measurement: The small excavator gently peels away the gravel curtain along the vertical profile. The thickness of the upper layer (protective layer) is measured to be 2-8cm (average 5.2cm), and the thickness of the lower layer (stabilizing layer) is measured to be 10-28cm (average 18cm). Layered characteristics verification: Upper layer (protective layer): Loose when grasped by hand, containing 30%-50% fine sand (particle size <2mm) and black lichen patches, with visible moss spores; Lower layer (stabilizing layer): Sifted with 2mm, 10mm, and 50mm hand sieves, the results show that 5-50mm gravel accounts for 72%-85%, with a compact structure that is not easily dispersed.

[0026] Based on aerial photography and site survey data, the construction area was divided into three categories: Ecological protection zone: The top layer is ≥5cm thick, with high microbial enrichment (lichen coverage >60%), no construction encroachment, and is protected by a 1.2m high color steel plate fence. Any stripping operations are prohibited. Stripping Zone: Complete layer-by-layer stripping is required. A small excavator with a rubber bucket is used, advancing parallel to the prevailing wind direction for continuous, one-time scraping without lifting the bucket midway. This ensures the stripped gravel layer remains relatively intact within the bucket. The flexible edges of the rubber bucket prevent snagging on the lower layers, and the stripping thickness is strictly controlled to remove fine gravel. The stripped upper gravel layer is piled nearby and temporarily protected with barriers for later ecological restoration of the tower foundation backfill area. The lower layer is also stripped using a small excavator with a rubber bucket, moving perpendicular or obliquely to the stripping direction of the upper layer, creating a grid-like stripping pattern. The gravel layer and the underlying soil are excavated as a whole and transported to the soil-rock separation and screening unit. Pure gravel, sand, and silt are separated, collected, and piled nearby, with temporary barriers for protection. Ecological reserve crust repair: Spray a crust repair agent on the edges of the damaged crust within the ecological protection area: Formula: 30% lignin sulfonate, 10% biological skin-forming promoter (including cyanobacterial agent), 5% humic acid, and 55% water (by weight). Dosage: 1.2L / m², use a backpack electric sprayer (nozzle diameter 0.8mm) for even spraying; Maintenance: After spraying, cover with breathable non-woven fabric (120g / ㎡), fix the edges to prevent wind erosion, and remove after 5 days of maintenance.

[0027] Layered stripping operation in engineering stripping section: A customized layer-by-layer peeling device is used. The specific process is as follows: Layered excavation and separation: Upper layer stripping: Adjust the bucket depth to 5-8cm, hydraulically control the bucket tilt angle to 15°, gently excavate the upper layer (protective layer), and transport it to a nearby temporary site for stockpiling (combined with the upper layer material collected in step S1); Lower layer stripping: Adjust the bucket depth to 18-25cm, excavate the lower layer (stabilized layer), and then transport it to the soil and rock separation screening unit; Soil and rock separation: A three-layer screening structure is adopted (upper layer screen mesh size 50mm, middle layer 2mm, lower layer 0.05mm), vibrating motor power 5.5kW, screening speed 1.2m³ / h, finally separating: Pure gravel (particle size 2-50mm); sand (particle size 0.05-2mm); Powdered granules (particle size < 0.05 mm).

[0028] Gravel resource utilization: Upwind windbreak installation: In areas with high wind speeds, windbreaks with a grid size of 2m×2m and a height of 0.8m are laid using pure gravel (particle size 20-50mm), spaced 5m apart. Gravel is filled in woven bags and stacked, with the bottom compacted with sand to reduce wind speed by 30%-40%. Tower foundation backfill and ecological roadbed: Backfilling of the tower foundation pit: Use gravel with a particle size of 10-30mm, compact it in layers (compaction degree 94%), replacing about 800m³ of purchased sand and gravel; Construction access roadbed: gravel and sand are mixed in a 7:3 ratio, compacted to 93%, and a 2km temporary access road 4m wide is constructed to allow construction vehicles to pass. Preparation of recycled concrete: The hardened ground of the substation area is partially replaced by pure gravel (particle size 5-20mm) to replace natural aggregate (replacement rate 30%) to prepare C30 recycled concrete (cubic compressive strength 32MPa), with a usage of about 500m³.

[0029] Utilization of sand and clay: Mix the separated sand and clay with 7% organic fertilizer (composted sheep manure) and 0.2% water-retaining agent (polyacrylamide), stir well, and then use as follows: Soil improvement after backfilling of cable trenches in the disturbed area (laying thickness 10cm). The vegetation around the substation area was rebuilt (sowing Artemisia argyi and Haloxylon ammodendron seeds, and covering with a 5cm thick layer of improved soil) to increase the survival rate of vegetation to over 75%.

[0030] Through the above implementation methods, the layered protection and resource utilization of the gravel curtain layer are realized: the utilization rate of the upper layer (protective layer) in the engineering stripping area reaches 90%, and the vegetation coverage rate in the ecological restoration area is increased to 65%; the resource utilization rate of the lower layer (stabilization layer) gravel reaches 100%, reducing the purchase of sand and gravel materials, lowering engineering costs, and avoiding the risk of wind erosion and desertification caused by the destruction of the gravel curtain layer, thus taking into account both power grid construction and the ecological protection of desert and Gobi.

[0031] The embodiments of the present invention are given for illustrative and descriptive purposes only, and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the forms disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to better illustrate the principles and practical application of the invention, and to enable those skilled in the art to understand the invention and to design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for a particular purpose.

Claims

1. A method for the protective stripping and resource utilization of gravel curtains in desert and Gobi areas, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1: Gravel curtain geological assessment, ecological function division, and stripping layering. Using drones to take aerial photos of the target area of ​​the gravel curtain layer distribution, identify the loose coverage area, compacted accumulation area and core engineering points of the gravel curtain surface. Combined with on-site survey and measurement of layer thickness and confirmation of layer characteristics, divide the ecological protection zone and stripping zone according to ecological protection and engineering needs, and clarify the stripping requirements and core principles of each area. S2: Protective stripping of gravel curtain: The gravel curtain is stripped in layers. For the upper layer, a small excavator with a rubber bucket is used, advancing parallel to the prevailing wind direction and scraping continuously in one go without lifting the bucket midway to ensure that the stripped gravel curtain layer remains relatively intact in the bucket. The flexible edge of the rubber bucket is used to prevent it from snagging the lower layer, and the stripping thickness is strictly controlled to remove fine gravel. The stripped upper gravel curtain is piled up nearby and temporarily protected with temporary barriers. For the lower layer, a small excavator with a rubber bucket is used in the same way, traveling perpendicular or obliquely to the stripping direction of the upper layer to form a grid-like stripping mark. The gravel curtain layer and the lower soil layer are excavated as a whole and transported to the soil and rock separation and screening unit. Pure gravel, sand, and silt are separated, collected, and piled up nearby, and temporarily protected with temporary barriers. At the same time, a crust repair agent is sprayed on the ecological protection area. S3: Resource utilization of gravel and soil: pure gravel is used to pave upwind windbreaks or to prepare ecological roadbeds; pure gravel that meets the gradation requirements is used as building material for recycled concrete or road subbase; sand is mixed with organic fertilizer and water-retaining agent for soil improvement and vegetation reconstruction in disturbed areas.

2. The method for protective stripping and resource utilization of gravel curtains in desert and Gobi areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: A drone equipped with a high-definition visible light camera was used to conduct full-coverage aerial photography of the target area where the gravel layer was distributed. Image features were used to quickly identify: "loosely covered areas" with darker color and irregular texture on the gravel surface, and "compacted areas" with lighter color and clear gravel outlines. Simultaneously, key engineering locations such as transmission line tower foundations and substation sites were marked, initially delineating key areas requiring layered stripping. Based on the preliminary aerial zoning, reconnaissance points were established using a "priority to engineering locations and random placement" approach. The on-site operation was as follows: Layer thickness measurement: Gently peel along the vertical profile of the gravel curtain and measure the thickness of the upper and lower layers with a tape measure; the upper layer is confirmed by hand-grabbing and observation, and the lower layer is confirmed by quick sieving with a handheld sieve. Based on aerial photography and site survey results, the areas were divided into two categories according to "layer characteristics and engineering requirements," and the stripping requirements were clearly defined: Ecological Protection Zone: Areas with an upper layer thickness ≥ 5cm, high microbial enrichment, and no engineering encroachment are permitted to be stripped; only fencing is required for protection. Stripping Zone: Covers both core and secondary project locations. At core locations, the upper and lower layers of the gravel curtain are completely stripped. The upper layer is removed by excavator and stockpiled nearby for future ecological restoration around the project area. The lower layer is excavated by a small excavator with a rubber bucket and stockpiled nearby for resource utilization such as tower foundation backfill and site cushion. At secondary locations, only the lower layer is stripped to meet construction needs, while the upper layer remains in situ. If local crusting is damaged, a similar material is selected from the upper layer collected at the core location for repair.

3. The method for protective stripping and resource utilization of gravel curtains in desert and Gobi areas according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S2, the crust repair agent also includes 3%-8% humic acid by weight. After spraying, cover with breathable non-woven fabric for maintenance for 3-7 days.

4. The method for protective stripping and resource utilization of gravel curtains in desert and Gobi areas according to claim 3, characterized in that: The soil and rock separation screening unit in step S2 includes a three-layer screening structure: the upper screen has a mesh size of 50mm, the middle screen has a mesh size of 2mm, and the lower screen has a mesh size of 0.05mm. The screening speed is 0.5-2m³ / h.

5. The method for protective stripping and resource utilization of gravel curtains in desert and Gobi areas according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S3, the compaction degree of the ecological roadbed shall not be less than 93%, and the cubic compressive strength of the recycled concrete shall not be less than C30.

6. A system for the protective stripping and resource utilization of gravel curtains in desert and Gobi areas, employing the method for the protective stripping and resource utilization of gravel curtains in desert and Gobi areas as described in claim 5, characterized in that... It includes a geological assessment module, a differentiated treatment module, and a resource utilization module. The geological assessment module includes a high-definition visible camera, a soil sampler and particle size analyzer, and a crust strength tester. The differentiated treatment module includes a crust repair agent spraying device, a layered stripping device, and a soil-rock separation and screening unit. The layered stripping device includes a rubber bucket, an excavator, and a conveying mechanism. The soil-rock separation and screening unit includes a three-layer screen, a vibrating motor, and a material collection bin. The resource utilization module includes a gravel windbreak laying mechanism, an ecological roadbed forming equipment, and a soil improvement and mixing device.

7. A system for the protective stripping and resource utilization of gravel curtains in desert and Gobi areas according to claim 6, characterized in that: The skin repair agent spraying device includes a storage tank, a metering pump, and an adjustable nozzle. The nozzle height can be adjusted within the range of 0.8-1.5m.

8. A system for protective stripping and resource utilization of gravel curtains in desert and Gobi areas according to claim 6, characterized in that: The screen of the soil and rock separation screening unit is made of wear-resistant manganese steel. The screen inclination angle can be adjusted within the range of 15°-30°, and it is equipped with a backflushing and unclogging mechanism.

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