Adaptive adjustable pile static load test reaction force device and construction method

Abstract

The application discloses a self-adaptive adjustable type reaction force device for static load test of a foundation pile and a construction method, belongs to the field of foundation pile bearing capacity detection, and comprises pressure bearing plates, jacks, pressure sensors and a main beam arranged on a test pile in sequence, wherein the pressure sensors are located at the center of the main beam; the two ends of the main beam are provided with symmetrically arranged secondary beams, the extension ends of the two secondary beams are provided with jacking jacks for jacking, and anchor beams are arranged on anchor piles on the two sides of the test pile and are pressed on the secondary beams; the main beam, the secondary beam, the anchor beam and the secondary beam, and the jacking jack and the secondary beam are connected through spherical hinges. The application can adapt to various complex test site conditions, greatly reduces the cost of static load test and the test period, effectively improves the test safety, greatly expands the application scene of the static load test, and enables the static load test of the foundation pile under the complex site restriction condition to be smoothly carried out, so that the safety risk of the foundation pile is effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of pile bearing capacity testing, specifically, it relates to an adaptive adjustable pile static load test reaction device and construction method. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, among methods for testing the bearing capacity of foundation piles, the static load test remains the most accurate and reliable method. This method is widely used in relevant standards and specifications for testing the bearing capacity of foundation piles.

[0003] The commonly used methods for static load testing of foundation piles are the surcharge method and the ground anchor method.

[0004] Among them, the surcharge method requires the use of concrete test blocks to provide reaction force, large hoisting equipment is required during the surcharge process, the site space requirements are high, the test cost is high, the safety risk is high, and the test cycle is long.

[0005] While the existing ground anchor method for providing reaction force does not require concrete test blocks, it places high demands on site space conditions, the number of reaction anchor piles, and their spatial arrangement. Often, due to site limitations and unmet requirements in the spatial distribution of anchor piles, it is impossible to provide static load test reaction force. If the reaction anchor piles are cast on-site, there are practical problems such as significantly increased testing costs, longer testing cycles, and significant impact on surrounding piles, making it difficult to implement in practice. Therefore, the fact that there are still many unresolved issues with the existing ground anchor method for providing reaction force for static load tests greatly limits the application scenarios of static load tests, resulting in reduced accuracy and increased risks in pile quality testing.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an adaptive adjustable static load test reaction device and construction method for foundation piles that can directly use the site pile foundation as anchor piles for foundation pile quality testing, and has strong site adaptability, low testing cost, short cycle, high safety and convenient operation. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide an adaptive and adjustable static load test reaction device and construction method for foundation piles. This device can directly reuse existing anchor piles on site as reaction anchor piles, eliminating the need for static load concrete test blocks. Furthermore, by flexibly adjusting the installation angles and lever arm lengths of the secondary and main beams, it achieves adaptive adaptation to various complex sites. While accurately meeting the core requirements of static load test reaction force, this device and method can significantly reduce testing costs, broaden application scenarios, and improve the safety of test operations.

[0008] To achieve the objective of this invention, the technical solution adopted is as follows: an adaptive adjustable static load test reaction device for foundation piles, comprising a bearing plate, a jack, a pressure sensor, and a main beam arranged sequentially on the test pile, with the pressure sensor located at the center of the main beam; ball joints are installed at both ends of the main beam, the two ball joints are symmetrically arranged on the main beam, and secondary beams are connected to both ball joints; lifting jacks are provided at the extension ends of the two secondary beams for lifting them; foundation piles at the construction site are used as anchor piles, and anchoring beams are installed on the anchor piles located on both sides of the test pile, pressing against the secondary beams; the anchoring beams and the secondary beams, as well as the lifting jacks and the secondary beams, are all connected by ball joints.

[0009] Furthermore, supports are installed under both lifting jacks.

[0010] Furthermore, an anchor plate is fixedly installed at the top of the anchor pile, and a high-strength threaded steel bar is connected to the anchor plate by a steel bar fastener, and the upper end of the high-strength threaded steel bar is connected to the anchor beam by a steel bar fastener.

[0011] Furthermore, the high-strength threaded steel bars on the anchor plate are in two sets, which are symmetrically arranged on the anchor plate, and the upper ends of the two sets of high-strength threaded steel bars are respectively connected to both ends of the anchor beam.

[0012] Furthermore, there are two anchor piles on the same side of the test pile, and the upper ends of the high-strength threaded steel bars connected to the anchor pull plates on the two anchor piles on the same side of the test pile are respectively connected to both ends of the anchor pull beam.

[0013] Furthermore, the ball joint includes a base fixedly mounted on the main beam, and the base has a ball socket, in which a hemisphere fixed on the secondary beam is installed.

[0014] A construction method for an adaptive adjustable static load test reaction device for foundation piles includes the following steps:

[0015] S1. Install a bearing plate, jack, and pressure sensor on the test pile in sequence;

[0016] S2. Install the main beam on the pressure sensor and position the pressure sensor at the center of the main beam. Install bases at both ends of the upper surface of the main beam, at the corresponding positions on the upper surface of the secondary beam corresponding to the anchor beam, and at the top of the lifting jack.

[0017] S3. Determine the dimensions of the two secondary beams based on the construction site, and install a hemisphere at one end of the secondary beams;

[0018] S4. Connect two sets of high-strength threaded steel bars to the anchor plates on both sides of the test pile, and determine the included angle between the main beam and the two secondary beams according to the actual relative position relationship between the main beam and the anchor pile; install the hemisphere on the secondary beam into the ball socket on the base of the main beam, install a support below the extension end of the secondary beam, and install a lifting jack on the support to lift the extension end of the secondary beam, so that the hemisphere on the secondary beam is installed into the ball socket on the base of the lifting jack.

[0019] S5. Install anchor beams on the two secondary beams so that the hemispheres on the anchor beams correspond to the sockets on the secondary beams, and connect the two sets of high-strength threaded steel bars on the anchor plate to the two ends of the secondary beams respectively.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0021] In this invention, secondary beams are connected to the main beam at both ends by ball joints, and two lifting jacks are installed. Anchor beams are then pressed onto the secondary beams, forming a lever-like structure. During construction, it is only necessary to ensure that the pressure sensor is located at the center of the main beam, and that the connection points of the two secondary beams to the main beam are symmetrically arranged on the main beam. Furthermore, the installation position of the anchor piles, the angle between the main beam and the secondary beams, and the position of the lifting jacks can all be adjusted according to the actual situation. This invention eliminates the need for concrete test blocks during static load testing, significantly reducing testing costs, effectively improving testing safety, and shortening the testing cycle. At the same time, since the angle and lever arm length of the main beam and secondary beams can be adaptively adjusted according to site conditions, adapting to various complex site conditions, the application scenarios of static load testing are greatly expanded.

[0022] Meanwhile, by adopting the adaptive adjustable pile static load test reaction device provided by this invention, the anchor piles on the construction site can be directly used as reaction force anchor piles during the static load test, thus eliminating the need to pour anchor piles on site, making the static load test more convenient and efficient. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The accompanying drawings illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and, together with the description thereof, serve to explain the principles of the invention. These drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the adaptive adjustable pile static load test reaction device provided by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the ball joint between the main beam and the secondary beam;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the base;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the ball head.

[0028] The attached diagram shows the markings and corresponding component names:

[0029] 1. Test pile, 2. Bearing plate, 3. Jack, 4. Pressure sensor, 5. Main beam, 6. Secondary beam, 7. Base, 8. Hemisphere, 9. Support, 10. Lifting jack, 11. Anchor pile, 12. High-strength threaded steel bar, 13. Anchor beam, 14. Anchor plate. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts relevant to the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0031] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this invention can be combined with each other. The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides an adaptive adjustable static load test reaction device for foundation piles, including a bearing plate 2 installed on the test pile 1, a jack 3 installed on the bearing plate 2, the central axis of the jack 3 being on the same straight line as the central axis of the test pile 1, and a pressure sensor 4 installed at the output end of the jack 3, and a main beam 5 horizontally installed on the pressure sensor 4; after the main beam 5 is installed, the center of the pressure sensor 4 and the center of the main beam 5 are both located on the central axis of the jack 3.

[0033] Both ends of the main beam 5 are equipped with ball joints, which are symmetrically arranged on the main beam 5. Each ball joint is connected to a secondary beam 6, allowing the secondary beams 6 to rotate horizontally on the main beam 5 as needed. During installation, the angles between the central axes of the two secondary beams 6 and the central axis of the main beam 5 can be equal or unequal. Simultaneously, a support 9 is provided below the end of the secondary beam 6 furthest from the main beam 5. The support 9 can be made of concrete or other materials, and a lifting jack 10 is installed on the support 9. The output end of the lifting jack 10 supports the end of the secondary beam 6 furthest from the main beam 5, and a ball joint is also provided between the output end of the lifting jack 10 and the secondary beam 6. In this invention, the distance between the hinge points of the two lifting jacks 10 and the two secondary beams 6 can be adjusted as needed during installation; they do not need to be identical.

[0034] Meanwhile, since there are anchor piles 11 around the test pile 1 at the construction site, two anchor piles 11 located on both sides of the test pile 1 are selected. These two anchor piles 11 can be arranged symmetrically along the central axis of the test pile 1 or can be arranged arbitrarily on both sides of the test pile 1. Both anchor piles 11 have high-strength threaded steel bars 12, and anchor beams 13 are installed at the upper ends of the high-strength threaded steel bars 12. Ball joints are also installed between the anchor beams 13 and the secondary beam 6. The anchor beams 13 are pressed onto the secondary beam 6 through the ball joints. The position of the anchor beams 13 pressed onto the secondary beam 6 is between the hinge point of the secondary beam 6 and the main beam 5 and the support point of the lifting jack 10 on the secondary beam 6. It should be noted that when arranging the two anchor beams 13, the positions of the two anchor beams 13 pressed onto the secondary beam 6 can be the same or different, and can be adjusted according to the actual situation.

[0035] Furthermore, the top of the anchor pile 11 has an anchor plate 14, the structure of which is similar to that of a flange. During the casting of the anchor pile 11, the lower end of the anchor plate 14 is cast into the anchor pile 11, so that the anchor plate 14 is fixed to the top of the anchor pile 11 during the forming process. At the same time, the anchor plate 14 has a through hole through which the high-strength threaded steel bar 12 can pass. During installation, after the lower end of the high-strength threaded steel bar 12 passes through the through hole on the anchor plate 14, a steel bar fastener is tightened at the lower end of the high-strength threaded steel bar 12, thus connecting the lower end of the high-strength threaded steel bar 12 with the anchor plate 14. At the same time, the upper end of the anchor beam 13 also has a through hole through which the high-strength threaded steel bar 12 can pass. After the upper end of the high-strength threaded steel bar 12 passes through the anchor beam, a steel bar fastener is also tightened at the upper end of the high-strength threaded steel bar 12, thus connecting the upper end of the high-strength threaded steel bar 12 with the anchor beam 13.

[0036] To ensure that the tension of the high-strength threaded steel bars 12 on the same side of the test pile 1 is consistent at both ends of the anchor beam 13, when two anchor piles 11 are used, the two anchor piles 11 correspond to the two anchor beams 13 respectively. The anchor plates 14 on the two anchor piles 11 are located below the two anchor beams 13 respectively, and the high-strength threaded steel bars 12 connected to the two anchor plates 14 are two sets. There is at least one high-strength threaded steel bar 12 in the same set. The lower ends of the two sets of high-strength threaded steel bars 12 are symmetrically arranged on the anchor plates 14, and the upper ends of the two sets of high-strength threaded steel bars 12 are connected to both ends of the anchor beam 13 respectively.

[0037] Of course, in this invention, there can also be two anchor piles 11 on the same side of the test pile 1, that is, there are a total of four anchor piles 11. The four anchor piles 11 are divided into two groups, and the two groups of anchor piles 11 are located on opposite sides of the test pile 1. In this case, the two anchor piles 11 in the same group are located below both ends of the anchor beam 13. Each anchor pile 11 has an anchor plate 14, and each anchor plate 14 can have one or more high-strength threaded steel bars 12. The upper ends of the high-strength threaded steel bars 12 connected to the two anchor plates 14 on the same side of the test pile 1 are connected to both ends of the anchor beam 13. Therefore, in this invention, the number of anchor piles 11 can be selected according to the requirements, provided that a downward tension can be applied to both ends of the anchor beam 13.

[0038] To achieve relative rotation between secondary beam 6 and main beam 5, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the ball joint includes a base 7 and a hemisphere 8. For a ball joint installed between a main beam and a secondary beam, the base 7 is fixed to the main beam 5, and a recess is formed on the upper surface of the base 7. The depth of the recess is less than the radius of the recess. The hemisphere 8 is fixedly installed on the secondary beam 6. During installation, the hemisphere 8 is placed in the recess, allowing it to rotate fully within the recess, thus enabling the secondary beam 6 to be adjusted relative to the main beam 5. For a ball joint installed between the anchor beam 13 and the secondary beam 6, the base 7 is fixed to the secondary beam 6, and a recess is formed on the upper surface of the base 7. The depth of the recess is less than the radius of the recess. The hemisphere 8 is fixedly installed on the secondary beam 6. On the anchor beam 13, during installation, the hemisphere 8 is placed in the socket, allowing it to rotate fully within the socket, thus enabling rotational adjustment between the anchor beam 13 and the secondary beam 6. For the ball joint installed between the lifting jack 10 and the secondary beam 6, the base 7 is fixed to the lifting jack 10, and a socket is formed on the upper surface of the base 7. The depth of the socket is less than its radius. The hemisphere 8 is fixedly installed on the secondary beam 6. When the rear end of the secondary beam 6 is arranged, the hemisphere 8 is placed in the socket, allowing it to rotate fully within the socket, thus enabling rotational adjustment between the lifting jack 10 and the secondary beam 6.

[0039] To avoid affecting the rotational adjustment of the secondary beam 6 on the main beam 5 and the vertical displacement of the end of the secondary beam 6 near the main beam 5 due to the lower surface of the secondary beam 6 being in contact with the upper surface of the base 7, the hemisphere 8 is designed such that its height inside the socket is greater than the depth of the socket. This ensures that after the hemisphere 8 is installed inside the socket, its upper surface is higher than the upper surface of the base 7, thus effectively preventing the lower surface of the secondary beam 6 from being in contact with the upper surface of the base 7 and guaranteeing the rotational adjustment of the secondary beam 6 and the vertical displacement of the end of the secondary beam 6 near the main beam 5.

[0040] In this invention, the hemisphere 8 can be directly fixed to the secondary beam 6 by welding or by bolts. When the hemisphere 8 needs to be fixed to the secondary beam 6 by bolts, in order to facilitate the installation of the hemisphere 8, a flange can be welded to the edge of the hemisphere 8 during installation. During installation, the hemisphere 8 can be fixed to the secondary beam 6 by bolts to the flange on the hemisphere 8, making the installation of the hemisphere 8 more convenient.

[0041] The present invention also provides a construction method based on the above-mentioned adaptive adjustable pile static load test reaction device, comprising the following steps:

[0042] S1. Install a bearing plate 2, a jack 3, and a pressure sensor 4 on the test pile 1 in sequence;

[0043] S2. Install the main beam 5 on the pressure sensor 4. The main beam 5 is arranged horizontally on the pressure sensor 4, and the pressure sensor 4 is located in the center of the main beam 5. Install the base 7 at both ends of the upper surface of the main beam 5, at the corresponding position on the upper surface of the secondary beam 6 corresponding to the anchor beam 13, and at the top of the lifting jack 10. The ball socket on the base 7 faces upward.

[0044] S3. Determine the dimensions of the two secondary beams 6 according to the construction site, and install a hemisphere 8 at one end of the secondary beam 6;

[0045] S4. Select two anchor piles 11 located on opposite sides of the test pile 1, and thread two sets of high-strength threaded steel bars 12 through the anchor pull plates 14 on the two anchor piles 11, and tighten the steel bar fasteners at the lower ends of the two sets of high-strength threaded steel bars 12; determine the included angle between the main beam 5 and the two secondary beams 6 according to the planar relative position relationship between the main beam 5 and the anchor piles 11; install the hemisphere 8 on the secondary beam 6 in the ball socket of the base 7 on the main beam 5, install the support 9 below the extension end of the secondary beam 6, and install the lifting jack 10 on the support 9 to lift the extension end of the secondary beam 6, so that the hemisphere 8 on the secondary beam 6 is installed in the ball socket of the base 7 on the lifting jack 10;

[0046] S5. Anchor beams 13 are pressed onto the two secondary beams 6 respectively. The upper ends of the two sets of high-strength threaded steel bars 12 on the anchor plate 14 are passed through the two ends of the anchor beam 13 above the anchor plate 14 respectively, and the steel bar fasteners are tightened at the upper ends of the high-strength threaded steel bars 12. At the same time, the upper ends of the two sets of high-strength threaded steel bars 12 on the other anchor plate 14 are passed through the two ends of the anchor beam 13 above the anchor plate 14 respectively, so that the hemisphere 8 on the anchor beam 13 corresponds to the ball socket on the secondary beam 6, and the steel bar fasteners are tightened at the upper ends of the high-strength threaded steel bars 12.

[0047] When the static load test begins, the main beam 5 is pushed upward by jack 3. The resulting reaction force compresses the test pile 1, causing the test pile 1 to sink, thus achieving the static load test.

[0048] After the static load test, the adaptive adjustable pile static load test reaction device provided by this invention can recycle and reuse components such as jack 3, pressure sensor 4, main beam 5, secondary beam 6, and lifting jack 10.

[0049] Those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments are merely for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Those skilled in the art can make other changes or modifications based on the above disclosure, and these changes or modifications still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive adjustable static load test reaction device for foundation piles, characterized in that, The test pile (1) includes a bearing plate (2), a jack (3), a pressure sensor (4), and a main beam (5) arranged sequentially on the test pile (1), with the pressure sensor (4) located at the center of the main beam (5). Both ends of the main beam (5) are equipped with ball joints, which are symmetrically arranged on the main beam (5). Each ball joint is connected to a secondary beam (6). The extension ends of the two secondary beams (6) are equipped with lifting jacks (10) for lifting them. The foundation piles of the construction site are used as anchor piles (11). Anchor beams (13) are installed on the anchor piles (11) located on both sides of the test pile (1) and pressed onto the secondary beams (6). The anchor beams (13) and the secondary beams (6) are connected by ball joints, as are the lifting jacks (10) and the secondary beams (6).

2. The adaptive adjustable pile static load test reaction device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Supports (9) are installed below both of the lifting jacks (10).

3. The adaptive adjustable pile static load test reaction device according to claim 1, characterized in that, An anchor plate (14) is fixedly installed on the top of the anchor pile (11). A high-strength threaded steel bar (12) is connected to the anchor plate (14) by a steel bar fastener. The upper end of the high-strength threaded steel bar (12) is connected to the anchor beam (13) by a steel bar fastener.

4. The adaptive adjustable pile static load test reaction device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The anchor plate (14) has at least two sets of high-strength threaded steel bars (12), which are symmetrically arranged on the anchor plate (14) and the upper ends of the two sets of high-strength threaded steel bars (12) are respectively connected to both ends of the anchor beam (13).

5. The adaptive adjustable pile static load test reaction device according to claim 3, characterized in that, There are two anchor piles (11) on the same side of the test pile (1). The upper ends of the high-strength threaded steel bars (12) connected to the anchor pull plate (14) on the two anchor piles (11) on the same side of the test pile (1) are respectively connected to the two ends of the anchor pull beam (13).

6. The adaptive adjustable pile static load test reaction device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The ball joint includes a base (7) fixedly installed on the main beam (5), and the base (7) has a ball socket, in which a hemisphere (8) fixed on the secondary beam (6) is installed.

7. A construction method based on the adaptive adjustable static load test reaction device for foundation piles according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. On the test pile (1), a bearing plate (2), a jack (3), and a pressure sensor (4) are installed in sequence. S2. Install the main beam (5) on the pressure sensor (4) and position the pressure sensor (4) at the center of the main beam (5). Install bases (7) at both ends of the upper surface of the main beam (5), at the corresponding positions on the upper surface of the secondary beam (6) corresponding to the anchor beam (13), and at the top of the lifting jack (10). S3. Determine the dimensions of the two secondary beams (6) according to the construction site, and install a hemisphere (8) at one end of the secondary beam (6); S4. Connect two sets of high-strength threaded steel bars (12) to the anchor pull plate (14) on the anchor pile (11) on both sides of the test pile (1), and determine the included angle between the main beam (5) and the two secondary beams (6) according to the actual relative position relationship between the main beam (5) and the anchor pile (11); install the hemisphere (8) on the secondary beam (6) in the ball socket of the base (7) on the main beam (5), install the support (9) below the extension end of the secondary beam (6), and install the lifting jack (10) on the support (9) to lift the extension end of the secondary beam (6), so that the hemisphere (8) on the secondary beam (6) is installed in the ball socket of the base (7) on the lifting jack (10); S5. Anchor beams (13) are pressed on the two secondary beams (6) so that the hemispheres (8) on the anchor beams (13) correspond to the spherical sockets on the secondary beams (6), and the two sets of high-strength threaded steel bars (12) on the anchor plate (14) are connected to the two ends of the secondary beams (6) respectively.

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