Automatic filling device for coal mine goaf

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of coal mining, and discloses a coal mine goaf automatic filling device which comprises a water retention base, outer shell plates are arranged on the two sides of the water retention base, inner shell plates are slidably connected to the interiors of the outer shell plates, a drilling machine is installed in the middle of the water retention base, a bucket is arranged in the middle of the water retention base, and the outer shell plates are slidably connected to the interiors of the inner shell plates. According to the automatic filling device for the coal mine goaf, the mining protection process of punching, slag removing and resetting can be automatically completed, the bottoms of the supporting columns are embedded into the ground to form a foundation, the anti-collapse capacity of a mine top is improved, the change of the underground water level of the top layer is prevented, and the mining safety is improved. By means of the mode that the inner shell plate is attached to the mine top, the formed supporting columns are tightly attached to the mine top, the mining area is effectively supported, the situation that underground water permeates into a goaf through a fissure zone due to mine collapse and top rock fracture is avoided, underground water loss is reduced, and the regional hydrogeological structure and coal mining safety are protected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal mining technology, and in particular to an automatic filling device for coal mine goaf. Background Technology

[0002] In coal mining operations, as coal seams are continuously mined, numerous goaf areas are formed underground. If these goaf areas are not backfilled in a timely manner, they are prone to collapse due to the loss of support from the overlying rock strata, leading to safety accidents such as surface subsidence and deformation of mine roadways. Furthermore, the roof strata may gradually collapse and fracture, forming a continuous water-conducting fracture zone. If this fracture zone is connected to the overlying aquifer, it will cause a large influx of groundwater into the mine, resulting in water seepage hazards. At the same time, it will cause a significant drop in the groundwater level. Under traditional mining methods, the groundwater level often drops by tens or even hundreds of meters, directly damaging the regional hydrogeological structure and causing ecological and livelihood problems such as withering of surface vegetation and depletion of drinking water sources for residents. It will also lead to the waste of coal resources and the idleness of underground space. Therefore, goaf backfilling and support is a key link in ensuring safe coal mine production and achieving efficient resource utilization.

[0003] Currently, coal mine goaf backfilling operations mainly rely on traditional backfilling equipment and manual labor, which has several technical shortcomings. Some existing devices typically use baffles to form enclosed spaces, which, combined with the solidification of filling slurry, form support structures. Because the slurry is transported only through pipelines and settles naturally, lacking an effective compression mechanism, voids easily form inside. Large gaps remain between the top of the support column and the top of the mine shaft, making it difficult to form effective support. This results in insufficient compressive strength of the formed support columns, failing to meet the long-term support requirements of the goaf. Furthermore, these support structures are mostly flat-laid on the ground without an embedded foundation. Affected by geological subsidence in the goaf, the support columns are prone to collapse, resulting in poor support stability. Moreover, the varying heights of the mine shafts make it difficult for the equipment to adaptively adjust the support column size, leading to slurry leakage. This not only wastes materials but also seriously affects the backfilling effect and support quality of the goaf. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the existing technology has the following drawbacks: the support column is prone to voids, the gap between the top of the support column and the top of the mine is large, the support stability is poor and it is easy to collapse, it is difficult to adapt to the height of the mine, it is difficult to effectively suppress the collapse and fracture of the roof rock layer, and it is difficult to block the formation and development of water-conducting fracture zone. To this end, we propose an automatic filling device for coal mine goaf.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution: an automatic filling device for coal mine goaf, including a water-retaining base, outer shell plates on both sides of the water-retaining base, an inner shell plate slidably connected inside the outer shell plates, a drilling machine installed in the middle of the water-retaining base, a bucket installed in the middle of the water-retaining base, a push plate installed inside the bucket, and also includes a conveyor and a conveying pipe; The top of the water-retaining base is equipped with a pretreatment mechanism. The pretreatment mechanism is used to move the drilling machine back and forth and drill holes in the ground. Then, the bucket moves forward along with the drilling machine to clean up the slag generated during drilling. Finally, the bucket automatically resets to the outer shell plate to avoid the impact. The tilting mechanism is connected to the pretreatment mechanism so that when the bucket moves forward, it extends and drives the push plate to deflect, pushing the slag carried inside the bucket. The mold closing mechanism is used to merge the outer shell plates and make the inner shell plate adaptively adjust to fit the top of the mine tunnel, so as to achieve tight support of the rock strata and mine roof, avoid the collapse and leakage of the upper groundwater, and meet the needs of water-retaining mining. The extrusion mechanism is connected to the mold clamping mechanism to extrude the material filling the inside of the outer shell plate, thereby preventing gaps in the filling material inside the outer shell plate and preventing water from seeping through the gaps at the top of the rock layer.

[0006] Preferably, the pretreatment mechanism includes: A first electric push rod is fixedly connected to a carrier plate at its output end. A second electric push rod is mounted on the top of the carrier plate. The output end of the second electric push rod at its bottom is fixedly connected to a drilling machine. A first gear is rotatably connected to the top of the water-retaining base. Second gears are fixedly connected to both sides of the first gear. A spring is fixedly connected to one side of the bucket. The other end of the spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the water-retaining base. Two toothed plates are fixedly connected to one side of the bucket. The bottom of the second gear meshes with the top of the toothed plates. Long grooves are formed on both sides of the water-retaining base. The toothed plates are slidably connected to the inner wall of the long grooves.

[0007] Preferably, the flipping mechanism includes: The device includes two long plates, each with an internal groove. A limiting post is slidably connected to the inner wall of the groove, and the top of the limiting post is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the water-retaining base. Both ends of the bottom of the push plate are rotatably connected to connecting rods via rotating shafts. The other end of each connecting rod is rotatably connected to a connecting block via a rotating shaft. The top of each connecting rod is rotatably connected to one end of the long plate via a rotating shaft. Limiting grooves are formed on both sides of the bottom of the bucket's inner wall, and the connecting block is slidably connected to the inner wall of the limiting groove.

[0008] Preferably, the mold clamping mechanism includes: Two first hydraulic rods are fixedly connected to both sides of the water-retaining base. A mounting plate is fixedly connected to the top of each first hydraulic rod. The inner wall of the mounting plate has an inner groove, and the surface of the mounting plate has a straight groove. A connecting plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the inner groove. A sliding rod is rotatably connected to one end of the connecting plate, and a U-shaped rod is rotatably connected to the other side of the connecting plate. The other end of the U-shaped rod is fixedly connected to one side of the outer shell plate. A limiting plate is fixedly connected to the output end of the first hydraulic rod. Both ends of the sliding rod are slidably connected to the inner wall of the limiting plate. An electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to one side of the outer shell plate. The output end of the top of the electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to one side of the inner shell plate through an extension plate.

[0009] Preferably, the extrusion mechanism includes: A sliding plate is provided, wherein an extrusion plate is fixedly connected to one side of the sliding plate, the sliding plate is slidably connected to one end of the outer shell plate, a frame plate is fixedly connected to the other side of the sliding plate, both ends of the sliding rod are slidably connected to the two sides of the frame plate, and an arc groove is provided on both sides of the mounting plate, the arc groove is connected to the inner wall of the straight groove, and the sliding rod is slidably connected to the inner wall of the arc groove.

[0010] Preferably, a support plate is fixedly connected to all four sides of the water-retaining base, a second hydraulic rod is fixedly connected to the top of the support plate, and a caster wheel is fixedly connected to the output end of the bottom of the second hydraulic rod.

[0011] Preferably, the bottom of the carrier plate is provided with a guide groove, and the top of the water-retaining base is slidably connected to the inner wall of the guide groove through the outer shell.

[0012] Preferably, the output end of the conveying pipe is placed on one side of the inner shell plate and corresponds to the lateral movement position of the inner shell plate.

[0013] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows: In this invention, an automated closed-loop process from ground drilling to slag cleaning and component resetting is constructed through the close linkage of the pretreatment mechanism and the flipping mechanism. This completely changes the inefficient traditional manual step-by-step operation mode. In the pretreatment mechanism, the first electric push rod drives the carrier plate to move the drilling machine back and forth, accurately completing the ground drilling to meet the foundation requirements of the support column. When the drilling machine is resetting, the first gear, the second gear and the toothed plate drive the bucket forward to scoop up the slag generated by drilling, avoiding slag residue from affecting subsequent processes. The flipping mechanism, through the delay design of the long plate, connecting rod and connecting block, only drives the push plate to deflect and tilt the slag after the bucket moves out of the central area of ​​the device, ensuring thorough slag cleaning. Finally, the bucket automatically resets by the spring rebound, making room for the mold closing process. The whole process does not require manual intervention, which not only makes the working surface before filling reach the standard of slag-free, flat and accurately drilled, but also greatly improves the pretreatment efficiency, laying a solid foundation for the stable forming of the subsequent support column.

[0014] In this invention, the embedded foundation of the support column is achieved through a coordinated approach of drilling holes in the pretreatment mechanism and slurry guiding in the mold-closing mechanism. The drilling machine in the pretreatment mechanism pre-drills holes in the ground with dimensions smaller than the internal space of the inner shell plate after mold closing. After the mold-closing mechanism drives the outer shell plate and inner shell plate to close and form a mold, the filling slurry delivered by the conveying pipe automatically flows into the holes, allowing the bottom of the support column to embed into the ground and form a stable foundation structure. The solidified support column not only forms a regular shape with the constraint of the mold, but also has a tight bond with the ground through its bottom foundation, significantly improving its resistance to collapse compared to traditional support columns. This addresses the core problem of easy instability in goaf support from a structural perspective, making it suitable for goaf areas in coal mines with various geological conditions. Simultaneously, the embedded, highly stable column effectively supports the roof strata, inhibiting the collapse and fracture trends of the strata, and blocking the formation and penetration of water-conducting fracture zones from the support structure, providing a solid rock support foundation for water-conserving mining.

[0015] In this invention, the slurry densification and mold adaptive fitting are simultaneously achieved through the transmission linkage between the mold closing mechanism and the extrusion mechanism. The electric telescopic rod of the mold closing mechanism can drive the inner shell plate to move upward, ensuring that the inner shell plate adaptively fits the mine top regardless of whether the mine top is flat, thus preventing slurry leakage. After the mold is closed, the extrusion mechanism, relying on the secondary contraction of the first hydraulic rod, drives the extrusion plate to move into the inner shell plate, performing directional extrusion of the slurry. This forces the slurry to be evenly distributed to eliminate internal voids and also pushes the slurry to flow into the top and bottom holes, further strengthening the bonding between the support column and the mine top and ground. It is also adaptable to mine environments of different heights, with extremely high versatility. The densified support column fits seamlessly with the mine top and ground, filling the rock strata gaps and further preventing groundwater from the aquifer from seeping into the goaf through the fracture zone, reducing groundwater loss and balancing support strength and water retention.

[0016] In this invention, through the coordinated operation of multiple mechanisms and a mobile-fixed switching structure, the traditional manual and inefficient mode of goaf filling is upgraded to an automated and efficient mode. The four major mechanisms of pretreatment, flipping, mold closing, and extrusion are linked by mechanical transmission. The operator only needs to issue instructions through the controller to complete the entire operation process of pretreatment-mold closing-filling-demolding. It can be operated by a single person, which greatly reduces labor costs. The mobile-fixed switching system, which consists of the support plates around the water-retaining base, the second hydraulic rod, and the casters, can move flexibly through the casters when the second hydraulic rod is extended to adapt to the narrow space of the goaf. When the second hydraulic rod is retracted, the water-retaining base is fixed in contact with the ground to ensure the stability of the operation. No additional fixing equipment is required, the switching efficiency is high, the filling time of a single area is significantly shortened, the industry operation level is improved, and the operating costs of coal mining enterprises are reduced. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the back structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the positional structure of the first gear and the second gear of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the positional structure of the second gear and toothed plate according to the present invention; Figure 5 This is a sectional view of the vertical cross-section structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is an exploded view of part of the structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the water-retaining base of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the bucket and toothed plate structure of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the push plate and the long plate of the present invention.

[0018] Legend: 1. Water-retaining base; 2. Outer shell plate; 3. Inner shell plate; 4. Drilling machine; 5. Bucket; 6. Push plate; 7. Conveyor; 8. Conveying pipe; 9. First electric push rod; 10. Carrier plate; 11. Second electric push rod; 12. First gear; 13. Second gear; 14. Spring; 15. Tooth plate; 16. Long groove; 17. Long plate; 18. Slide groove; 19. Limiting post; 20. Connecting rod; 21. Connecting block; 22. Limiting groove; 23. First hydraulic rod; 24. Mounting plate; 25. Inner groove; 26. Straight groove; 27. Connecting plate; 28. Slide rod; 29. ​​U-shaped rod; 30. Limiting plate; 31. Slide plate; 32. Extrusion plate; 33. Frame plate; 34. Arc groove; 35. Support plate; 36. Second hydraulic rod; 37. Universal wheel; 38. Electric telescopic rod; 39. Guide groove. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, which are only used to illustrate the basic structure of the invention and therefore only show the components relevant to the invention.

[0020] Example, refer to Figure 1 - Figure 9 As shown, the present invention provides an automatic filling device for coal mine goaf, including a water-retaining base 1, outer shell plates 2 on both sides of the water-retaining base 1, an inner shell plate 3 slidably connected inside the outer shell plate 2, a drilling machine 4 installed in the middle of the water-retaining base 1, a bucket 5 installed in the middle of the water-retaining base 1, a push plate 6 installed inside the bucket 5, and also includes a conveyor 7 and a conveying pipe 8.

[0021] A pretreatment mechanism is installed on the top of the water-retaining base 1. The flipping mechanism is connected to the pretreatment mechanism through a transmission. The base also includes a mold closing mechanism and an extrusion mechanism that is connected to the mold closing mechanism through a transmission.

[0022] Reference Figure 1 - Figure 8 As shown in this embodiment, the pretreatment unit includes: The first electric push rod 9 has its output end fixedly connected to a carrier plate 10. A second electric push rod 11 is mounted on the top of the carrier plate 10. The output end of the second electric push rod 11 is fixedly connected to the drilling machine 4. A first gear 12 is rotatably connected to the top of the water-retaining base 1. Second gears 13 are fixedly connected to both sides of the first gear 12. A spring 14 is fixedly connected to one side of the bucket 5. The other end of the spring 14 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the water-retaining base 1. Two toothed plates 15 are fixedly connected to one side of the bucket 5. The bottom of the second gear 13 meshes with the top of the toothed plates 15. Long grooves 16 are opened on both sides of the water-retaining base 1. The toothed plates 15 are slidably connected to the inner wall of the long grooves 16. The workers move the device to the area where the support column needs to be filled. Then, the workers grind the top of the mine shaft flat and perform simple cleaning. After that, the workers operate the controller of the device. When the first electric push rod 9 is started, the carrier plate 10 is positioned at the rear end of the first gear 12. The first electric push rod 9 pushes the carrier plate 10 forward, causing the bottom of the carrier plate 10 to mesh with the surface of the first gear 12. This, in turn, drives the first gear 12 to rotate through the bottom of the carrier plate 10. Since the first gear 12 and the second gear 13 adopt a ratchet transmission structure, although the carrier plate 10 meshes with the first gear 12 when it moves forward, it will not drive the second gear 13 to rotate through the first gear 12. Only when the carrier plate 10 moves backward will it drive the first gear 12 to rotate clockwise. After the first electric push rod 9 drives the drilling machine 4 to move to the center of the water-retaining base 1, the second electric push rod 11 and the drilling machine 4 start simultaneously. The second electric push rod 11 pushes the drilling machine 4 downward toward the ground, and then the drilling machine 4 runs to drill a hole in the mine floor. The size of this hole will be smaller than the combined size of the two inner shell plates 3.

[0023] After the hole is formed, the second electric push rod 11 drives the drilling machine 4 to rise and reset. Then, the first electric push rod 9 drives the carrier plate 10 to move backward. This causes the carrier plate 10 to mesh with the surface of the first gear 12 during the backward movement. The carrier plate 10 pushes the first gear 12 to rotate clockwise, and simultaneously drives the second gear 13 to run. This causes the second gear 13 to rotate synchronously with the first gear 12. When the second gear 13 rotates clockwise, it will drive the bucket 5 to move forward through the toothed plate 15. As the bucket 5 moves forward, it will scoop up the slag produced by the drilling machine 4 during drilling. By scooping up this slag and moving it forward, the slag near the hole is cleared by the bucket 5. This makes the ground after the drilling machine 4 drills clean and relatively flat. The hole still exists. During the forward movement of the bucket 5, the spring 14 is pulled to extend and store force.

[0024] When the front end of the carrier plate 10 moves to the rear side of the first gear 12, the carrier plate 10 will disengage from the first gear 12, and the spring 14 will rebound, pulling the bucket 5 backward. This causes the bucket 5 to move backward quickly. Due to the rapid rebound and backward movement of the bucket 5, some of the slag it has scooped up will fall off due to inertia. This ensures that no slag remains in the bucket 5 when it returns to its original position. At this time, the ground in the middle area of ​​the water-retaining base 1 has a hole, which is then closed and cast by two inner shell plates 3. Due to the existence of the hole, the filling slurry transported by the conveying pipe 8 flows into the inner shell plate 3, and the slurry will automatically flow into the hole. The filling slurry is placed inside the outer shell plate 2 and the inner shell plate 3, with its bottom placed inside the hole. After the slurry solidifies, it forms a support column due to the limitations of the mold in the outer shell plate 2 and the inner shell plate 3. The bottom of the support column is embedded in the ground through the hole, which gives the support column a foundation structure. In actual use, the support column will be more stable and will not collapse. After the support column is formed and stabilized, the staff will move the position of this device to build support columns in adjacent areas. The automatic filling device for coal mine goaf works in this way, gradually completing the filling and stabilization of the entire goaf.

[0025] Multiple support columns effectively suppress the movement of the roof strata, preventing mine roof collapse. Furthermore, a dense support system is formed spatially, limiting the overall movement and deformation of the roof strata, effectively inhibiting the initiation, expansion, and connection of internal fissures, fundamentally preventing the formation and development of water-conducting fracture zones, and severing the hydraulic connection between groundwater and the goaf. Multiple support columns are arrayed on the working face of the goaf, each firmly connected to the ground surface via an embedded foundation at the bottom and seamlessly integrated with the mine roof at the top, forming a... The multi-point, high-load-bearing three-dimensional support structure disperses the pressure load of the roof strata, avoids rock strata fracture caused by local stress concentration, ensures the spatial safety of mining operations, maintains the integrity and stability of the overlying strata, prevents groundwater from seeping down through fissures, and achieves the dual goals of goaf support and water-conserving mining. It maintains the stability of the surrounding rock in the goaf, eliminates the chain reaction problems such as water seepage and surface subsidence caused by roof collapse, and provides continuous and reliable structural support for green, safe and efficient coal mining.

[0026] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, in this embodiment, the flipping mechanism includes: There are two long plates 17. Each long plate 17 has a groove 18 inside. A limit post 19 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the groove 18. The top of the limit post 19 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the water-retaining base 1. Both ends of the bottom of the push plate 6 are rotatably connected to connecting rods 20 via shafts. The other end of the connecting rod 20 is rotatably connected to a connecting block 21 via a shaft. The top of the connecting rod 20 is rotatably connected to one end of the long plate 17 via a shaft. Limit grooves 22 are formed on both sides of the bottom of the inner wall of the bucket 5. The connecting block 21 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the limit groove 22. After the hole is formed, the retraction of the drilling machine 4 will drive the second gear 13 to rotate clockwise and move the toothed plate 15 forward. Since the toothed plate 15 and the bucket 5 move forward synchronously, the limit post 19 will slide along the groove 18 when the bucket 5 moves forward. The position of column 19 is fixed. Push plate 6 moves forward synchronously with bucket 5, driving long plate 17 to slide along limit column 19 through slide groove 18. When limit column 19 slides to the rear end of slide groove 18, long plate 17 will be unable to move forward due to limitation by limit column 19. During the subsequent process of toothed plate 15 driving bucket 5 forward, the position of long plate 17 is limited and cannot move forward, but push plate 6 still moves forward synchronously with bucket 5. This will cause long plate 17 to pull connecting rod 20 to deflect upward. At the same time, connecting block 21 will follow the deflection of connecting rod 20 and slide forward a distance along limit groove 22. This process causes the deflection of connecting rod 20 to drive push plate 6 to rise. Push plate 6 gradually rises and tilts forward due to the deflection of connecting rod 20, so that the slag inside bucket 5 is pushed forward by push plate 6 and discharged from inside bucket 5 to complete the cleaning of bucket 5.

[0027] It should be noted that during the initial forward movement of the bucket 5 and push plate 6, the push plate 6 will not deflect. Only when the bucket 5 has completely moved out of the opening at the front end of the water-retaining base 1 will the push plate 6 deflect and dump the slag inside. This delays the operation of the push plate 6, ensuring that the bucket 5 scoops up enough slag and dumps it away from the center area of ​​the water-retaining base 1.

[0028] Reference Figure 1 - Figure 6 As shown in this embodiment, the mold closing mechanism includes: Two first hydraulic rods 23 are fixedly connected to both sides of the water-retaining base 1. A mounting plate 24 is fixedly connected to the top of each first hydraulic rod 23. The inner wall of the mounting plate 24 has an inner groove 25, and the surface of the mounting plate 24 has a straight groove 26. A connecting plate 27 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the inner groove 25. A sliding rod 28 is rotatably connected to one end of the connecting plate 27, and a U-shaped rod 29 is rotatably connected to the other side of the connecting plate 27. The other end of the U-shaped rod 29 is fixedly connected to one side of the outer shell plate 2. A limit plate is fixedly connected to the output end of each first hydraulic rod 23. 30. Both ends of the slide rod 28 are slidably connected to the inner wall of the limiting plate 30. An electric telescopic rod 38 is fixedly connected to one side of the outer shell plate 2. The output end of the top of the electric telescopic rod 38 is fixedly connected to one side of the inner shell plate 3 through an extension plate. After the slag formed in the hole is cleaned, the first hydraulic rod 23 will retract, causing the limiting plate 30 to move closer to the outer shell plate 2. During the movement, the limiting plate 30 will push the slide rod 28, causing the connecting plate 27 to slide on the inner wall of the inner groove 25. The slide rod 28 will move linearly along the straight groove 26, while the connecting plate 27 moves forward, causing the U-shaped rod 29 to move along the straight groove. 26 slides to the other end, causing the two U-shaped rods 29 to respectively drive the two outer shell plates 2 and inner shell plates 3 to move closer to each other. The outer shell plates 2 and inner shell plates 3 on both sides merge and close to form a support column mold. Then, the electric telescopic rod 38 runs to drive the inner shell plate 3 to move upward and fit against the top of the mine shaft so that the inner shell plate 3 adapts to the height of the mine shaft. Then, the conveyor 7 is connected to the filling slurry mixing station to supply slurry. Then, the conveyor 7 and the conveying pipe 8 deliver enough slurry into the inner shell plate 3. After the slurry solidifies, the first hydraulic rod 23 will run in reverse, so that the limiting plate The limit plate 30 moves outward, which in turn pulls the slide bar 28, connecting plate 27, and U-shaped rod 29 outward, causing the inner shell plate 3 to separate from the outer shell plate 2, exposing the formed support column. At this time, the support column has sufficient strength to support the top of the mine, while the limit plate 30 returns to the initial position to wait for the next working instruction. The entire automatic filling device completes one support column forming operation. At the same time, the device records various parameters of this operation, such as slurry delivery volume, mold closing time, and support column forming time, so as to analyze and optimize the workflow and improve work efficiency and quality.

[0029] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment, the extrusion mechanism includes: The slide plate 31 has a pressing plate 32 fixedly connected to one side. The slide plate 31 is slidably connected to one end of the outer shell plate 2. The other side of the slide plate 31 is fixedly connected to a frame plate 33. Both ends of the slide rod 28 are slidably connected to the two sides of the frame plate 33. The mounting plate 24 has arc grooves 34 on both sides, which are connected to the inner wall of the straight groove 26. The slide rod 28 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the arc groove 34. When the limiting plate 30 pushes the connecting plate 27 and the slide rod 28 to move initially, the slide rod 28 will also drive the frame plate 33 and the slide plate 31 to move synchronously. This makes the pressing plate 32 move synchronously with the outer shell plate 2 when the inner shell plate 3 and the outer shell plate 2 initially move. When the connecting plate 27 moves to the other side of the inner groove 25, the slide rod 28 will be placed at the connection between the arc groove 34 and the straight groove 26. Then the limiting plate 30 is pulled by the first hydraulic rod 23 to retract again. The slide rod 28 will deflect downward along the inclined groove of the limiting plate 30. During this process, the slide rod 28... 8 will slide synchronously along the inside of the arc groove 34, causing the connecting plate 27 to rotate downward with one end as the center. This causes the slide rod 28 to move along the inner wall of the arc groove 34 to the bottom area of ​​one end of the straight groove 26, and then the slide rod 28 will advance a second time, and drive the frame plate 33 and the slide plate 31 to advance a certain distance. During this process, the outer shell plate 2 and the inner shell plate 3 are merged and in a stationary state. The second contraction of the first hydraulic rod 23 drives the slide rod 28 to run a second time, causing the extrusion plate 32 to move closer to the outside of the inner shell plate 3 through the advance of the frame plate 33 and the slide plate 31, and then push the slurry flowing inside the inner shell plate 3. At this time, the slurry is squeezed by the extrusion plate 32 and evenly arranged inside the inner shell plate 3. At the same time, the slurry will also move upward and downward under the extrusion of the extrusion plate 32, and then the hole will contact the ground and the top of the mine. After waiting for the slurry to solidify, the first hydraulic rod 23 will drive the extrusion mechanism to reset and move, in preparation for the next filling.

[0030] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 4As shown in this embodiment: Support plates 35 are fixedly connected to all four sides of the water-retaining base 1. A second hydraulic rod 36 is fixedly connected to the top of the support plate 35. A caster wheel 37 is fixedly connected to the output end of the bottom of the second hydraulic rod 36. The extension and retraction of the second hydraulic rod 36 allows the caster wheel 37 to move closer to or further away from the ground. When the caster wheel 37 is in contact with the ground, the water-retaining base 1 will be lifted away from the ground by the caster wheel 37. At this time, the operator can push the device to move it via the caster wheel 37. When the second hydraulic rod 36 is in the retracted state, the caster wheel 37 will be lifted from the bottom of the water-retaining base 1, and the water-retaining base 1 will contact the ground, while the caster wheel 37 will be suspended in the air. In the mold-closing and pre-treatment phase, the device performs mold-closing and pre-treatment work. Four support plates 35 stand around the water-retaining base 1, forming a stable support and movement system. When the device needs to be moved, the second hydraulic rod 36 extends to bring the casters 37 into contact with the ground, lifting the water-retaining base 1 for easy pushing by workers. During mold-closing and pre-treatment, the second hydraulic rod 36 retracts, the casters 37 are suspended in the air, and the water-retaining base 1 is in close contact with the ground, ensuring the stability and accuracy of the device during operation. This design allows the device to move flexibly and remain stable during operation, greatly improving the efficiency and safety of automatic filling of coal mine goaf areas.

[0031] Reference Figure 2 As shown in this embodiment: the bottom of the carrier plate 10 is provided with a guide groove 39, and the top of the water-retaining base 1 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the guide groove 39 through the outer shell. When the carrier plate 10 moves forward and backward by the first electric push rod 9, the outer shell provided on the top of the water-retaining base 1 slides on the inner wall of the guide groove 39 through the embedded structure, so that the carrier plate 10 can be supported by the outer shell when moving forward and backward, so as to ensure the stability of the device operation. The sliding fit between the outer shell and the inner wall of the guide groove 39 is ingeniously designed, which not only ensures the smoothness of the carrier plate 10 during the movement, but also effectively reduces the errors that may be caused by shaking or deviation, further improving the accuracy of automatic filling operation in the goaf of the coal mine. This structure also enhances the overall durability of the device, and can maintain stable performance even in long-term, high-intensity working environments, providing a strong guarantee for safe production in coal mines.

[0032] Reference Figure 5As shown in this embodiment, the output end of the conveying pipe 8 is placed on one side of the inner shell plate 3 and corresponds to the lateral movement position of the inner shell plate 3. Since the discharge port of the conveying pipe 8 and the movement direction of the inner shell plate 3 are on the same side, after the inner shell plate 3 is molded and forms a support column and solidifies, some solidified slurry may remain at the top connection between the inner shell plate 3 and the conveying pipe 8. When the inner shell plate 3 separates and moves, it is in the opposite direction to these solidified slurries. This allows the inner shell plate 3 to separate from the surface of these residual protrusions. This design cleverly avoids the problem of separation difficulties caused by residual slurry, ensures the smoothness of the inner shell plate 3 during movement, and will not cause jamming or damage due to the obstruction of residual slurry. It can effectively reduce the risk of equipment failure caused by the accumulation of residual slurry, further improve the reliability and stability of the device, and provide a solid guarantee for the continuous, efficient and automatic filling operation of the coal mine goaf.

[0033] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic filling device for coal mine goaf, comprising a water-retaining base (1), characterized in that: The water-retaining base (1) is provided with outer shell plates (2) on both sides, and an inner shell plate (3) is slidably connected inside the outer shell plate (2). A drilling machine (4) is installed in the middle of the water-retaining base (1). A bucket (5) is provided in the middle of the water-retaining base (1). A push plate (6) is installed inside the bucket (5). The base also includes a conveyor (7) and a conveying pipe (8). The top of the water-retaining base (1) is equipped with a pretreatment mechanism so that the drilling machine (4) moves back and forth and drills holes in the ground. Then, the bucket (5) moves forward and backward with the drilling machine (4) to clean up the slag generated by drilling. Finally, the bucket (5) automatically resets to the membrane of the outer shell plate (2) to avoid it. The overturning mechanism is connected to the pretreatment mechanism so that the bucket (5) extends and drives the push plate (6) to deflect when it moves forward, pushing the slag carried inside the bucket (5). A mold-closing mechanism is used to merge the outer shell plates (2) and make the inner shell plate (3) adaptively adjust to fit the top of the mine shaft; The extrusion mechanism is connected to the mold clamping mechanism to extrude the material filling the inside of the outer shell plate (2).

2. The automatic filling device for coal mine goaf according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pretreatment mechanism includes: The first electric push rod (9) has a fixed connection to a carrier plate (10) at its output end. The top of the carrier plate (10) is equipped with a second electric push rod (11). The output end of the second electric push rod (11) is fixedly connected to the drilling machine (4). The top of the water-retaining base (1) is rotatably connected to a first gear (12). The two sides of the first gear (12) are fixedly connected to second gears (13). One side of the bucket (5) is fixedly connected to a spring (14). The other end of the spring (14) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the water-retaining base (1). Two toothed plates (15) are fixedly connected to one side of the bucket (5). The bottom of the second gear (13) meshes with the top of the toothed plate (15). Long grooves (16) are opened on both sides of the water-retaining base (1). The toothed plates (15) are slidably connected to the inner wall of the long grooves (16).

3. The automatic filling device for coal mine goaf according to claim 2, characterized in that: The flipping mechanism includes: There are two long plates (17). The long plates (17) have a sliding groove (18) inside. The inner wall of the sliding groove (18) is slidably connected to a limiting post (19). The top of the limiting post (19) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the water-retaining base (1). Both ends of the bottom of the push plate (6) are rotatably connected to a connecting rod (20) through a rotating shaft. The other end of the connecting rod (20) is rotatably connected to a connecting block (21) through a rotating shaft. The top of the connecting rod (20) is rotatably connected to one end of the long plate (17) through a rotating shaft. The bottom of the inner wall of the bucket (5) has a limiting groove (22) on both sides. The connecting block (21) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the limiting groove (22).

4. The automatic filling device for coal mine goaf according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mold clamping mechanism includes: Two first hydraulic rods (23) are fixedly connected to the two sides of the water-retaining base (1). A mounting plate (24) is fixedly connected to the top of the first hydraulic rod (23). An inner groove (25) is opened on the inner wall of the mounting plate (24). A straight groove (26) is opened on the surface of the mounting plate (24). A connecting plate (27) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the inner groove (25). A sliding rod (28) is rotatably connected to one end of the connecting plate (27). (27) is rotatably connected to a U-shaped rod (29), the other end of which is fixedly connected to one side of the outer shell plate (2). The output end of the first hydraulic rod (23) is fixedly connected to a limiting plate (30). Both ends of the slide rod (28) are slidably connected to the inner wall of the limiting plate (30). An electric telescopic rod (38) is fixedly connected to one side of the outer shell plate (2). The output end of the top of the electric telescopic rod (38) is fixedly connected to one side of the inner shell plate (3) through an extension plate.

5. The automatic filling device for coal mine goaf according to claim 4, characterized in that: The extrusion mechanism includes: A sliding plate (31) is fixedly connected to one side of an extrusion plate (32). The sliding plate (31) is slidably connected to one end of an outer shell plate (2). A frame plate (33) is fixedly connected to the other side of the sliding plate (31). Both ends of the sliding rod (28) are slidably connected to the two sides of the frame plate (33). An arc groove (34) is provided on both sides of the mounting plate (24). The arc groove (34) is connected to the inner wall of the straight groove (26). The sliding rod (28) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the arc groove (34).

6. The automatic filling device for coal mine goaf according to claim 5, characterized in that: The water-retaining base (1) is fixedly connected to a support plate (35) on all four sides. The top of the support plate (35) is fixedly connected to a second hydraulic rod (36), and the output end of the bottom of the second hydraulic rod (36) is fixedly connected to a caster wheel (37).

7. An automatic filling device for coal mine goaf according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the carrier plate (10) is provided with a guide groove (39), and the top of the water-retaining base (1) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the guide groove (39) through the outer shell.

8. An automatic filling device for coal mine goaf according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output end of the conveying pipe (8) is placed on one side of the inner shell plate (3) and corresponds to the lateral movement position of the inner shell plate (3).

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