In-cylinder direct injection free piston linear generator for extended-range hybrid electric vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses an in-cylinder direct injection free piston linear generator capable of being used for an extended-range hybrid electric vehicle, and relates to the technical field of generators, the generator comprises a free piston engine, a linear motor and a plunger pump, and the linear motion of the free piston engine provides power for the plunger pump through a cam; the plunger pump enables fuel to be in a high-pressure state, the fuel is conveyed to the fuel injector on the combustion chamber through the high-pressure pipe, the high-pressure fuel is sprayed out through the fuel injector, direct injection in a cylinder is achieved, and the fuel drives the piston to move linearly and drives the linear motor to generate electricity after being combusted. The in-cylinder direct injection of the free piston linear generator can realize finer atomization of fuel oil, so that the combustion efficiency and the power generation efficiency are improved, and the range extending effect is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of generator technology, specifically to an in-cylinder direct injection free piston linear generator for range-extended hybrid electric vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] Range-extended hybrid electric vehicles (REEVs) are one of the core technologies in the field of new energy vehicles. During driving, the engine drives a generator to produce electricity, which continuously charges the battery, significantly increasing the vehicle's driving range. By using hybrid power to reduce driving costs and pollutant emissions, it is possible to optimize vehicle range and energy efficiency.

[0003] As a power unit combining internal combustion engine power output and electrical energy conversion, the free-piston generator, with its compact structure and high thermal efficiency, has become one of the ideal power generation devices for range-extended hybrid power systems. Currently, most free-piston generators use port injection, which results in poor atomization and in-cylinder combustion due to the relatively low injection pressure. Direct injection technology can precisely control the fuel injection quantity and timing, thereby achieving higher combustion efficiency and lower emissions. However, because the free-piston generator eliminates the crankshaft and connecting rod mechanism, the reciprocating motion of its piston cannot directly drive a high-pressure fuel pump to achieve direct injection. Therefore, this invention provides a structure that enables direct injection in a free-piston generator. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an in-cylinder direct injection free piston linear generator for range-extended hybrid electric vehicles, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: This invention provides an in-cylinder direct injection free piston linear generator for a range-extended hybrid electric vehicle. A plunger pump is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the generator's rigid housing. Two high-pressure pipes are symmetrically connected to the outlet of the plunger pump. An injector is fixedly connected to the end of each high-pressure pipe furthest from the plunger pump. Linear generators are fixedly connected to both sides of the rigid housing. Two cylinders are symmetrically fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bottom of the rigid housing. The injector is fixed to the cylinder, and its injection port is located within the combustion chamber. Two horizontally movable pistons are arranged within the two symmetrical cylinders. The two pistons are connected by a piston rod with a cam. Generator movers are installed at both ends of the piston rod, and the cam on the piston rod is connected to the plunger pump. The plunger pump includes a plunger sleeve fixedly connected to the inner wall of a rigid housing. A plunger is located inside the plunger sleeve. A spring seat is fixedly connected to the bottom of the plunger. A plunger spring is fixedly connected between the spring seat and the plunger sleeve. The plunger spring is movably sleeved on the plunger. Inlet and outlet oil holes are provided on the vertical sidewall of the plunger sleeve. A plunger head is fixedly connected to the upper end of the plunger. A low-pressure oil chamber is provided on the plunger head. An annular oil groove is provided on the plunger. An outlet valve seat is fixedly connected to the upper end of the plunger sleeve. An outlet valve clamping seat is installed on the outlet valve seat. A pressure-reducing ring is installed inside the outlet valve seat. An outlet valve spring is fixedly connected inside the outlet valve clamping seat. A conical seal is fixedly connected to the lower end of the outlet valve spring. An outlet valve is fixedly connected to the upper end of the outlet valve seat. The conical seal is located above the outlet valve. An outlet pipe is fixedly connected to the upper end of the outlet valve clamping seat. The outlet pipe is fixedly connected to two high-pressure pipes.

[0006] Furthermore, the cylinder inside the rigid housing has through holes on both the left and right sides, the piston rod passes through the through holes through the cylinder, a spark plug is fixed to the cylinder wall, the fuel injector is fixed to the cylinder, and an exhaust port is provided at the bottom of the cylinder.

[0007] Furthermore, the linear generator includes a generator housing fixedly connected to a rigid housing. Both ends of the generator housing have through holes. The piston rod passes through the generator housing through the through holes. A stator is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the generator housing. A mover is fixed to the portion of the piston rod located inside the generator housing.

[0008] Furthermore, the piston rod has multiple air inlets on its rod wall inside the generator housing, and the piston rod has a hollow structure.

[0009] Furthermore, a roller is fixed at the bottom of the plunger pump, and the roller is in close contact with the cam.

[0010] Furthermore, sealing bushings are fixedly connected to both the left and right sides of the generator housing, and the piston rod is movably inserted into the sealing bushings.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention comprises a rigid housing, a plunger pump, a high-pressure pipe, an injector, a linear generator, a combustion chamber, a piston rod, a piston, a starter, and a cam. During operation, the starter drives the piston rod to move linearly to the right. At this time, the exhaust port of the left combustion chamber opens and exhausts waste gas, while the piston rod draws air into the combustion chamber through its intake port. During this movement, the piston rod drives the cam, creating a relative displacement between the cam's highest point and the plunger. Under the action of the plunger spring, the plunger moves downward, releasing the plunger's blockage of the inlet and return oil holes, allowing fuel to enter the low-pressure oil chamber through these holes. Next, the starter drives the piston rod to move linearly to the left, and the cam drives the plunger to move upward. The plunger compresses the fuel upward, creating a high-pressure state. The plunger opens the delivery valve, and the high-pressure fuel enters the high-pressure pipe through the delivery pipe. The high-pressure pipe then delivers the fuel to the injector for high-pressure injection, achieving direct injection of fuel into the cylinder. At this point, the piston rod continues to move to the left, driving the piston to compress air and high-pressure fuel. This ignites the fuel in the combustion chamber via the spark plug, causing it to expand and push the piston back to its original position, moving the piston rod to the right. After the engine starts, the starter motor disengages from the piston rod, which in turn moves the mover inside the linear generator. The mover magnetically cuts the stator, allowing both linear generators to produce electricity simultaneously. The air-fuel mixture in the left combustion chamber also burns and performs work according to the same principle. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after the present invention has performed work; Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a plunger pump; Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of part A in the middle; Figure 5 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a linear generator.

[0013] In the diagram: 1. Rigid housing; 2. Plunger pump; 3. High-pressure pipe; 4. Injector; 5. Linear generator; 6. Combustion chamber; 7. Piston rod; 8. Piston; 9. Cam; 10. Plunger sleeve; 11. Plunger; 12. Spring seat; 13. Plunger spring; 14. Inlet and return oil holes; 15. Plunger head; 16. Low-pressure oil chamber; 17. Annular oil groove; 18. Delivery valve seat; 19. Delivery valve clamping seat; 20. Pressure reducing ring; 21. Delivery valve spring; 22. Conical seal; 23. Delivery valve; 24. Delivery pipe; 25. Cylinder; 26. Spark plug; 27. Generator housing; 28. Stator; 29. ​​Mover; 30. Inlet; 31. Roller; 32. Sealing bushing; 33. Insert rod; 34. Tenon; 35. Exhaust port; 36. Starter motor. Detailed Implementation

[0014] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0015] Please see Figure 1-5 This invention provides an in-cylinder direct injection free piston linear generator for range-extended hybrid electric vehicles. A plunger pump 2 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the generator's rigid housing 1. Two high-pressure pipes 3 are symmetrically connected to the oil outlet of the plunger pump 2. An injector 4 is fixedly connected to the end of each high-pressure pipe 3 away from the plunger pump 2. Linear generators 5 are fixedly connected to both the left and right sides of the rigid housing 1. Two cylinders 25 are symmetrically fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bottom of the rigid housing 1. The injector 4 is fixed to the cylinder 25, and the injector port of the injector 4 is located at... Inside the combustion chamber 6, two horizontally movable pistons 8 are arranged in the two symmetrical cylinders 25. The two pistons 8 are connected by a piston rod 7 with a cam 9. Generator movers 29 are installed at both ends of the piston rod 7. The cam 9 on the piston rod 7 is connected to the plunger pump 2. The starter 36 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rigid housing 1. The output end of the starter 36 is fixedly connected to a crank. A connecting rod is rotatably connected to the crank. One end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the piston rod 7. The piston rod 7 is connected to the linear generator 5. The plunger pump 2 includes a plunger sleeve 10 fixedly connected to the inner wall of a rigid housing 1. A plunger 11 is movably inserted into the plunger sleeve 10. A spring seat 12 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the plunger 11. A plunger spring 13 is fixedly connected between the spring seat 12 and the plunger sleeve 10. The plunger spring 13 is movably sleeved on the plunger 11. An oil inlet and outlet hole 14 is opened on the vertical side wall of the plunger sleeve 10. A plunger head 15 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the plunger 11. A low-pressure oil chamber 16 is opened on the plunger head 15. An annular oil groove 17 is opened on the plunger 11. An oil outlet valve seat 18 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the plug sleeve 10. An oil outlet valve clamping seat 19 is installed on the oil outlet valve seat 18. A pressure reducing ring 20 is installed inside the oil outlet valve seat 18. An oil outlet valve spring 21 is fixedly connected inside the oil outlet valve clamping seat 19. A conical seal 22 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the oil outlet valve spring 21. An oil outlet valve 23 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the oil outlet valve seat 18. The conical seal 22 is located above the oil outlet valve 23. An oil outlet pipe 24 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the oil outlet valve clamping seat 19. The oil outlet pipe 24 is fixedly connected to two high-pressure pipes 3.

[0016] The cylinder 25 inside the rigid housing has through holes on both the left and right sides. The piston rod 7 passes through the through holes and penetrates the cylinder 25. A spark plug 26 is fixedly connected to the vertical wall of the cylinder 25. The fuel injector 4 is fixedly connected to the cylinder 25. An exhaust port 35 is provided at the bottom of the cylinder 25.

[0017] In the above embodiment, the spark plug 26 is provided to ignite the fuel directly injected into the combustion chamber 6, and the exhaust port 35 is provided to discharge the exhaust gas after combustion.

[0018] The linear generator 5 includes a generator housing 27 fixedly connected to a rigid housing 1. Both ends of the generator housing 27 have through holes. The piston rod 7 passes through the generator housing 27 through the through holes. A stator 28 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the generator housing 27. A mover 29 is fixedly sleeved on the rod wall of the piston rod 7 inside the generator housing 27.

[0019] In the above embodiment, the piston rod 7 drives the mover 29 to move horizontally within the generator housing 27. During the movement, the mover 29 cuts the magnetic field lines of the stator 28, thereby generating electricity. The two linear generators 5 can operate simultaneously, thereby increasing the power generation and improving the range extension effect.

[0020] The piston rod 7 is located inside the generator housing 27 and has multiple air inlets 30 on its rod wall. The piston rod 7 is a hollow structure.

[0021] In this embodiment, the air inlet 30 is designed to bring gas into the combustion chamber 6 when the piston rod 7 enters the combustion chamber 6, thereby providing oxygen for fuel combustion and improving fuel combustion efficiency.

[0022] The bottom of the plunger pump 2 is fixed with a roller 31, which is in close contact with the cam 9.

[0023] In the above embodiment, the roller 31 is rotatable relative to the cam 9, which reduces the frictional resistance when the plunger pump 2 rotates relative to the cam 9, thereby improving the smoothness of the cooperation between the cam 9 and the plunger pump 2, and reducing the wear rate of the cam 9 and the plunger pump 2.

[0024] Both sides of the generator housing 27 are fixedly connected to sealing bushings 32, and the piston rod 7 is movably inserted into the sealing bushings 32.

[0025] In this embodiment, the sealing bushing 32 can improve the sealing between the piston rod 7 and the generator housing 27, and can also improve the smoothness of the piston rod 7 movement and reduce the wear rate of the piston rod 7.

[0026] The plunger 11 includes a rod 33 fixedly connected to the upper side of the spring seat 12, and a tenon 34 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the rod 33.

[0027] In the above embodiment, the insertion rod 33 and the tenon 34 cooperate with each other to improve the stability of the plunger 11 installation.

[0028] Working Principle: During operation, the starter 36 drives the piston rod 7 to move linearly to the right. At this time, the exhaust port 35 of the left combustion chamber 6 opens and exhausts the exhaust gas. The piston rod 7 draws air into the combustion chamber 6 through the intake port 30. During the movement of the piston rod 7, the cam 9 moves, thereby creating a relative displacement between the highest point of the cam 9 and the plunger pump 2. Under the action of the plunger spring 13, the plunger 11 moves downward, releasing the blockage of the inlet and return oil holes 14 by the plunger 11. Fuel enters the low-pressure oil chamber 16 through the inlet and return oil holes 14. Then, the starter 36 drives the piston rod 7 to move linearly to the left. The cam 9 drives the plunger 11 to move upward. The plunger 11 compresses the fuel upward, creating a high-pressure state. The plunger 11 opens the delivery valve 23, and the high-pressure fuel enters the high-pressure pipe 3 through the delivery pipe 24. The high-pressure pipe 3 delivers the fuel to the injector 4 and injects it at high pressure, achieving direct injection of fuel into the cylinder. At this point, piston rod 7 continues to move to the left, driving piston 8 to compress air and high-pressure fuel. Spark plug 26 ignites the fuel in combustion chamber 6, causing it to expand and push piston 8 back to its original position, thus moving piston rod 7 to the right. After the engine starts, starter motor 36 disengages from piston rod 7. Piston rod 7 then drives the mover 29 in linear generator 5 to move. The mover 29 magnetically cuts the stator 28, enabling both linear generators 5 to generate electricity simultaneously. The air-fuel mixture in the left combustion chamber 6 also burns and performs work according to the same principle.

[0029] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0030] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A direct-injection free-piston linear generator for range-extended hybrid electric vehicles, characterized in that: A plunger pump (2) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rigid housing (1) of the generator. The oil outlet of the plunger pump (2) is symmetrically connected to two high-pressure pipes (3). The end of the high-pressure pipe (3) away from the plunger pump (2) is fixedly connected to an injector (4). A linear generator (5) is fixedly connected to both the left and right sides of the rigid housing (1). Two cylinders (25) are symmetrically fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bottom of the rigid housing (1). The injector (4) is fixed at the cylinder (25) and the injection port of the injector (4) is located in the combustion chamber (6). Two movable pistons (8) are arranged in the two symmetrical cylinders (25). The two pistons (8) are connected by a piston rod (7) with a cam (9). Generator movers (29) are installed at both ends of the piston rod (7). The cam (9) on the piston rod (7) is connected to the plunger pump (2). The plunger pump (2) includes a plunger sleeve (10) fixedly connected to the inner wall of a rigid housing (1). A plunger (11) is provided inside the plunger sleeve (10). A spring seat (12) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the plunger (11). A plunger spring (13) is fixedly connected between the spring seat (12) and the plunger sleeve (10). The plunger spring (13) is movably sleeved on the plunger (11). An inlet / outlet oil hole (14) is provided on the vertical side wall of the plunger sleeve (10). A plunger head (15) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the plunger (11). A low-pressure oil chamber (16) is provided on the plunger head (15). An annular oil groove (17) is provided on the plunger (11). An oil outlet valve seat (18) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the plunger sleeve (10). An oil outlet valve clamping seat (19) is installed on the oil outlet valve seat (18). A pressure reducing ring (20) is installed inside the oil outlet valve seat (18). An oil outlet valve spring (21) is fixedly connected inside the oil outlet valve clamping seat (19). A conical seal (22) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the oil outlet valve spring (21). An oil outlet valve (23) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the oil outlet valve seat (18). The conical seal (22) is located above the oil outlet valve (23). An oil outlet pipe (24) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the oil outlet valve clamping seat (19). The oil outlet pipe (24) is fixedly connected to two high-pressure pipes (3).

2. The in-cylinder direct injection free piston linear generator for range-extended hybrid electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylinder (25) inside the rigid housing (1) has through holes on both the left and right sides. The piston rod (7) passes through the through holes and penetrates the cylinder (25). A spark plug (26) is fixed to the cavity wall of the cylinder (25). The fuel injector (4) is fixed to the cylinder (25). An exhaust port (35) is opened at the bottom of the cylinder (25).

3. The in-cylinder direct injection free piston linear generator for range-extended hybrid electric vehicles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The linear generator (5) includes a generator housing (27) fixedly connected to a rigid housing (1). Both ends of the generator housing (27) are provided with through holes. The piston rod (7) passes through the generator housing (27) through the through holes. A stator (28) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the generator housing (27). A mover (29) is fixedly sleeved on the rod wall of the piston rod (7) inside the generator housing (27).

4. The in-cylinder direct injection free piston linear generator for range-extended hybrid electric vehicles according to claim 3, characterized in that: The piston rod (7) is located inside the generator housing (27) and has multiple air inlets (30) on its rod wall. The piston rod (7) is a hollow structure.

5. The in-cylinder direct injection free piston linear generator for range-extended hybrid electric vehicles according to claim 4, characterized in that: The plunger pump (2) has a roller (31) fixed at the bottom, and the roller (31) is in close contact with the cam (9).

6. The in-cylinder direct injection free piston linear generator for range-extended hybrid electric vehicles according to claim 5, characterized in that: The generator housing (27) is fixedly connected to sealing bushings (32) on both the left and right sides, and the piston rod (7) is movably inserted into the sealing bushings (32).

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