A hand-push ranging device for building construction surveying

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of architectural surveying technology, specifically a hand-operated distance measuring device for architectural construction surveying. It includes a frame with an axle rotatably mounted on it, a measuring wheel fixed to the axle, a hand-operated push rod fixed to the frame, and an encoder for detecting the number of rotations of the measuring wheel fixed to the frame. One side of the measuring wheel is equipped with an anti-rotation mechanism to limit unidirectional rotation of the axle. The anti-rotation mechanism includes a mounting base fixed to the frame and a ratchet fixed to the axle. A pawl that engages with the ratchet is rotatably mounted on the mounting base. A push rod is inserted through the mounting base and abuts against the side of the pawl. A pre-tension spring is sleeved on the push rod, with one end fixed to the push rod and the other end fixed to the mounting base. This invention achieves dual locking of the measuring wheel through rigid locking and friction braking, ensuring that the measuring wheel is absolutely fixed during distance measurement, effectively solving the problem of large measurement backlash error in existing devices.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of architectural engineering surveying technology, specifically a hand-operated distance measuring device for architectural construction surveying. Background Technology

[0002] Hand-operated distance measuring devices are basic tools used in building construction, engineering surveying, and land surveying to quickly obtain distance data. Their basic principle is to manually push the device forward, and use an encoder or counter installed on its wheels to convert the number of wheel rotations into the distance traveled. These devices are widely used in short-distance measurement and trajectory measurement due to their advantages such as simple operation, low cost, and suitability for complex terrain.

[0003] However, most existing hand-push distance measuring devices still have several problems in practical use, specifically: (1) When pushing the distance measuring device to make measurements, if the road surface is uneven, there are obstacles, or the operator pushes it unsteadily, the measuring wheel is very likely to reverse or roll back unexpectedly. This unexpected reverse rotation will also be recorded by the encoder, resulting in the final distance reading being greater than the actual distance traveled, thus causing measurement errors; (2) Many hand-push distance measuring wheels cannot be effectively locked after the measurement is completed. When parked on a slope or uneven ground, the wheels are prone to slide on their own, thus causing the reference position of the completed measurement to shift, affecting the accuracy of the measurement data.

[0004] To address these issues, we provide a hand-operated distance measuring device for construction surveying. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a hand-operated distance measuring device for building construction surveying. After a measurement operation is completed, the wheel is first rigidly locked by an anti-rotation mechanism, and then a strong friction brake is applied, thereby achieving a double insurance of mechanically locking the wheel and ensuring that the wheel position is absolutely fixed after the measurement is completed, thereby improving the accuracy of the distance measurement results and solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A hand-push distance measuring device for building construction surveying includes a frame, an axle rotatably mounted on the frame, a measuring wheel fixed on the axle, a push rod fixed on the frame, and an encoder for detecting the number of rotations of the measuring wheel fixed on the frame.

[0008] One side of the measuring wheel is provided with an anti-rotation mechanism to limit the unidirectional rotation of the wheel axle. The anti-rotation mechanism includes a mounting base fixed on the frame and a ratchet fixed on the wheel axle. A pawl that engages with the ratchet is rotatably mounted on the mounting base. A push rod that abuts against the side of the pawl is inserted through the mounting base. A preload spring is sleeved on the push rod. One end of the preload spring is fixed to the push rod and the other end is fixed to the mounting base. It is used to provide a preload force to the pawl so that it maintains a tendency to engage with the ratchet.

[0009] It also includes a braking mechanism, which includes a brake disc fixed on the wheel axle and two brake shoes slidably mounted on the frame and distributed on both sides of the brake disc. A control lever is rotatably mounted on the frame. The control lever cooperates with the brake shoes and the preload spring through a linkage mechanism. When the control lever rotates, it drives the two brake shoes to move relative to each other through the linkage mechanism and clamp them on both sides of the brake disc to lock the measuring wheel. It also drives the push rod to further press the pawl, so that it forms a rigid lock with the ratchet.

[0010] As described above, a hand-operated distance measuring device for building construction surveying has a motor fixed on its frame, and the output end of the motor is connected to a control lever via a coupling to drive the control lever to rotate.

[0011] As described above, a hand-operated distance measuring device for building construction surveying has a through hole on the mounting base whose inner diameter matches the outer diameter of the top rod, and the top rod is inserted through the through hole.

[0012] A hand-operated distance measuring device for construction surveying as described above: the linkage mechanism includes a first drive shaft rotatably mounted on a frame, the first drive shaft and the control lever are engaged by a first gear mechanism, the control lever rotates to drive the first drive shaft to rotate, a gear ring is rotatably mounted on the frame, the first drive shaft and the gear ring are engaged by a second gear mechanism, the first drive shaft rotates to drive the gear ring to rotate, an arc-shaped push block is fixed to the inner wall of the gear ring, and a dome is fixed to the end of the push rod away from the pawl;

[0013] The linkage mechanism also includes a bidirectional screw rotatably mounted on the frame and a guide seat fixed on the frame. The bidirectional screw is connected to the control lever through a third gear mechanism. When the control lever rotates, it drives the bidirectional screw to rotate. Two nut blocks are threaded onto the bidirectional screw. One end of the nut block is fixed to the brake shoe block, and the other end is slidably connected to the guide seat through a sliding component.

[0014] A hand-operated distance measuring device for building construction surveying as described above: The first gear mechanism includes a first driving bevel gear fixed on the control lever and a first driven bevel gear fixed on the first transmission shaft, wherein the first driving bevel gear and the first driven bevel gear mesh with each other.

[0015] As described above, a hand-operated distance measuring device for building construction surveying includes a second gear mechanism comprising a drive spur gear fixed on a first transmission shaft and an intermediate gear rotatably mounted on a frame. The intermediate gear meshes with the drive spur gear and a gear ring on both sides, respectively.

[0016] A hand-operated distance measuring device for building construction surveying as described above: the third gear mechanism includes a second driving bevel gear fixed on the control lever and a second driven bevel gear fixed on the bidirectional screw, wherein the second driving bevel gear and the second driven bevel gear mesh with each other.

[0017] A hand-operated distance measuring device for building construction surveying as described above: the sliding component includes a guide groove formed in a guide seat and a slider fixed on a nut block, the slider slidingly engaging with the guide groove.

[0018] A hand-operated distance measuring device for building construction surveying as described above: a controller is fixedly installed on the frame, and the encoder is electrically connected to the controller via wires.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: when the measuring wheel is in the measuring motion state, the pawl, under the elastic force of the pre-tightening spring, always maintains a tendency to mesh with the ratchet that rotates with the wheel shaft, allowing the measuring wheel to roll freely in one direction only, preventing the measuring wheel from accidentally reversing, fundamentally preventing encoder miscounting caused by the accidental reversal of the measuring wheel during the measurement process, and ensuring the distance measurement accuracy;

[0020] Furthermore, this invention incorporates a linkage mechanism that mechanically couples the anti-rotation mechanism with the braking mechanism. After distance measurement, the user only needs to operate a single lever to activate the linkage mechanism, causing the gear ring and the arc-shaped push block to further press the pawl, completely eliminating any reverse rotation clearance and locking the ratchet of the anti-rotation mechanism. This locks the measuring wheel. Simultaneously, the bidirectional screw drives two nut blocks to move in opposite directions, causing the brake shoes to clamp the brake disc and apply friction braking to further lock the measuring wheel. Thus, after distance measurement, the double locking mechanism ensures that the measuring wheel is completely and absolutely fixed, preventing any accidental rotation after distance measurement and further guaranteeing distance measurement accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a hand-operated distance measuring device for building construction surveying.

[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the decomposed part of the structure.

[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the decomposed part of the structure.

[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A structural diagram from another perspective.

[0025] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the decomposed part of the structure.

[0026] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A partial sectional view of the disassembled mounting base.

[0027] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle.

[0028] Figure 8 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the decomposed part of the structure.

[0029] Figure 9 for Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the decomposed part of the structure.

[0030] Figure 10 for Figure 9 Enlarged structural diagram at point B.

[0031] In the diagram: 1. Frame; 2. Axle; 3. Measuring wheel; 4. Push rod; 5. Mounting seat; 6. Ratchet; 7. Pad; 8. Push rod; 9. Preload spring; 10. Control lever; 11. Motor; 12. First drive shaft; 13. First driving bevel gear; 14. First driven bevel gear; 15. Driving spur gear; 16. Intermediate gear; 17. Gear ring; 18. Arc-shaped push block; 19. Dome; 20. Brake disc; 21. Guide seat; 22. Bidirectional screw; 23. Second driving bevel gear; 24. Second driven bevel gear; 25. Nut block; 26. Brake shoe block; 27. Guide groove; 28. Slider; 29. ​​Controller. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0033] Please see Figures 1-10 As an embodiment of the present invention, a hand-push distance measuring device for building construction surveying includes a frame 1, an axle 2 rotatably mounted on the frame 1, a measuring wheel 3 fixed on the axle 2, a hand push rod 4 fixed on the frame 1, and an encoder for detecting the number of rotations of the measuring wheel 3 fixed on the frame 1.

[0034] A back-rotation mechanism is provided on one side of the measuring wheel 3 to limit the unidirectional rotation of the wheel axle 2. The back-rotation mechanism includes a mounting seat 5 fixed on the frame 1 and a ratchet 6 fixed on the wheel axle 2. A pawl 7 that engages with the ratchet 6 is rotatably mounted on the mounting seat 5. A push rod 8 that abuts against the side of the pawl 7 is inserted through the mounting seat 5. A preload spring 9 is sleeved on the push rod 8. One end of the preload spring 9 is fixed to the push rod 8 and the other end is fixed to the mounting seat 5. It is used to provide a preload force to the pawl 7 so that it maintains the engagement tendency with the ratchet 6.

[0035] It also includes a braking mechanism, which includes a brake disc 20 fixed on the wheel axle 2 and two brake shoes 26 slidably disposed on the frame 1 and distributed on both sides of the brake disc 20. A control lever 10 is rotatably mounted on the frame 1. The control lever 10 cooperates with the brake shoes 26 and the preload spring 9 through a linkage mechanism. When the control lever 10 rotates, it drives the two brake shoes 26 to move relative to each other through the linkage mechanism and clamp them on both sides of the brake disc 20 to lock the measuring wheel 3, and drives the push rod 8 to further press the pawl 7 so that it forms a rigid lock with the ratchet 6.

[0036] In this embodiment, during normal measurement and travel, the spring force of the preload spring 9 continuously acts on the pawl 7 through the push rod 8, ensuring that the pawl 7 always tends to engage with the ratchet 6 that rotates with the wheel shaft 2. In this state, the measuring wheel 3 can freely roll forward to measure distance, and the number of rotations is detected and recorded by the encoder. If the measuring wheel 3 accidentally attempts to reverse during propulsion, the pawl 7 will immediately engage with the tooth groove of the ratchet 6, preventing it from rotating back, thereby avoiding counting errors caused by reversal. When the measurement is completed and the locking device is required, the control lever 10 is rotated. The rotation of the control lever 10 is controlled by the linkage mechanism. The mechanism simultaneously drives two sets of actions: First, the linkage mechanism drives the push rod 8 to move further, pressing the pawl 7 more tightly against the ratchet 6, so that the two change from dynamic elastic engagement to rigid static locking, completely eliminating the backlash. At the same time, the linkage mechanism drives the two brake shoes 26 distributed on both sides of the brake disc 20 to move relative to each other, so that they clamp the brake disc 20, thereby applying a strong frictional braking force to the measuring wheel 3. Through the above linkage process, a single operation can achieve dual locking of rigid anti-rotation locking and friction braking of the measuring wheel 3, ensuring that it is absolutely fixed after the distance measurement is completed, thereby improving the distance measurement accuracy.

[0037] As a further aspect of the present invention, a motor 11 is fixed on the frame 1, and the output end of the motor 11 is connected to the control lever 10 through a coupling to drive the control lever 10 to rotate.

[0038] In this embodiment, by providing a motor 11, an automated power source can be provided to drive the joystick 10 to rotate, thereby replacing manual operation and realizing electric control of the braking and unlocking process, making the operation more convenient and labor-saving.

[0039] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the mounting base 5 is provided with a through hole whose inner diameter is adapted to the outer diameter of the push rod 8, and the push rod 8 is inserted through the through hole.

[0040] In this embodiment, the through-hole structure provides precise guidance and support for the push rod 8, ensuring that the push rod 8 can only reciprocate linearly along its axial direction within the through-hole, thereby reliably transmitting the thrust from the linkage mechanism or the elastic force from the preload spring 9 to the pawl 7, and preventing the push rod 8 from deviating or jamming during movement.

[0041] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the linkage mechanism includes a first drive shaft 12 rotatably mounted on the frame 1. The first drive shaft 12 is engaged with the control lever 10 through a first gear mechanism. When the control lever 10 rotates, it drives the first drive shaft 12 to rotate. A gear ring 17 is rotatably mounted on the frame 1. The first drive shaft 12 is engaged with the gear ring 17 through a second gear mechanism. When the first drive shaft 12 rotates, it drives the gear ring 17 to rotate. An arc-shaped push block 18 is fixed to the inner wall of the gear ring 17. A dome 19 is fixed to the end of the push rod 8 away from the pawl 7.

[0042] The linkage mechanism also includes a bidirectional screw 22 rotatably mounted on the frame 1 and a guide seat 21 fixed on the frame 1. The bidirectional screw 22 is connected to the control lever 10 through a third gear mechanism. When the control lever 10 rotates, it will drive the bidirectional screw 22 to rotate. Two nut blocks 25 are threadedly engaged on the bidirectional screw 22. One end of the nut block 25 is fixed to the brake shoe 26, and the other end is slidably connected to the guide seat 21 through a sliding component.

[0043] In this embodiment, when the control lever 10 rotates, the power is transmitted in two paths: one path drives the first transmission shaft 12 to rotate through the first gear mechanism, and then drives the gear ring 17 to rotate through the second gear mechanism. The arc-shaped push block 18 on the inner wall of the gear ring 17 rotates accordingly and pushes the dome 19 fixed at the end of the push rod 8, thereby driving the push rod 8 to move axially to press the pawl 7; the other path drives the bidirectional screw 22 to rotate through the third gear mechanism. The two nut blocks 25 that are threaded with the bidirectional screw 22 cannot rotate under the constraint of the sliding component. They can only move in opposite directions or in a straight line along the axis of the bidirectional screw 22, thereby driving the brake shoe block 26 fixed on it to clamp or release the brake disc 20. This design ensures that a single drive operation of the control lever 10 can simultaneously complete the rigid locking enhancement of the anti-rotation mechanism and the friction braking of the brake disc 20.

[0044] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the first gear mechanism includes a first driving bevel gear 13 fixed on the control lever 10 and a first driven bevel gear 14 fixed on the first transmission shaft 12, wherein the first driving bevel gear 13 and the first driven bevel gear 14 mesh with each other.

[0045] In this embodiment, the first driving bevel gear 13 fixed on the control lever 10 meshes with the first driven bevel gear 14 fixed on the first transmission shaft 12 to form a first-stage gear transmission pair. This structure reliably transmits and outputs the rotational motion and torque of the control lever 10 to the first transmission shaft 12 to drive the first transmission shaft 12 to rotate.

[0046] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the second gear mechanism includes a drive spur gear 15 fixed on the first transmission shaft 12 and an intermediate gear 16 rotatably mounted on the frame 1. The two sides of the intermediate gear 16 mesh with the drive spur gear 15 and the gear ring 17, respectively.

[0047] In this embodiment, the driving spur gear 15 fixed on the first transmission shaft 12 meshes with the intermediate gear 16, and the intermediate gear 16 meshes with the teeth on the gear ring 17 to form a second-stage gear transmission pair. This structure realizes the transmission of motion and torque from the first transmission shaft 12 to the gear ring 17.

[0048] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the third gear mechanism includes a second driving bevel gear 23 fixed on the control lever 10 and a second driven bevel gear 24 fixed on the bidirectional screw 22, wherein the second driving bevel gear 23 and the second driven bevel gear 24 mesh with each other.

[0049] In this embodiment, the second driving bevel gear 23 fixed on the control lever 10 meshes with the second driven bevel gear 24 fixed on the bidirectional screw 22, forming another independent gear transmission pair. Through this structure, the rotational motion of the control lever 10 is directly transmitted to the bidirectional screw 22, driving it to rotate.

[0050] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the sliding assembly includes a guide groove 27 formed in the guide seat 21 and a slider 28 fixed on the nut block 25, wherein the slider 28 is slidably engaged with the guide groove 27.

[0051] In this embodiment, the guide groove 27 formed in the guide seat 21 and the slider 28 fixed on the nut block 25 form a sliding pair. This structure allows the nut block 25 to slide smoothly in a straight line in the guide groove 27 via the slider 28, while effectively restricting the circumferential rotation of the nut block 25. This ensures that when the bidirectional screw 22 rotates, the nut block 25 can only move in a straight line in the direction defined by the guide groove 27, thereby accurately driving the brake shoe block 26 to perform clamping or releasing actions.

[0052] As a further embodiment of the present invention, a controller 29 is fixedly mounted on the frame 1, and the encoder is electrically connected to the controller 29 via a wire.

[0053] In this embodiment, the controller 29 is configured to receive and process electrical signals from the encoder, thereby calculating and displaying the distance the measuring wheel 3 rolls. In addition, the controller 29 can also be electrically connected to the motor 11 to control the start, stop and direction of the motor 11, thereby realizing automated intelligent control of the entire braking and unlocking process.

[0054] The working principle of this invention is as follows: In the measuring travel state, the preload spring 9, through the push rod 8, keeps the pawl 7 and the ratchet 6 rotating with the wheel shaft 2 in a unidirectional meshing tendency, allowing the measuring wheel 3 to move forward and count, and preventing it from reversing. When it is necessary to lock the measuring wheel 3, the control lever 10 is rotated, and its rotation drives two sets of actions synchronously through the linkage mechanism: First, it drives the push rod 8 to move further axially, rigidly pressing the pawl 7 onto the ratchet 6, realizing a gapless lock on the ratchet 6, thus mechanically locking the measuring wheel 3; Second, it drives the bidirectional screw 22 to rotate, causing the two nut blocks 25 to move towards each other, driving the brake shoe block 26 to clamp the brake disc 20, generating friction braking. This process, through a single operation, realizes the rigid locking enhancement of the anti-rotation mechanism and the friction braking of the brake disc 20, forming a double lock on the measuring wheel 3, ensuring that the measuring wheel 3 is completely fixed. In addition, the control lever 10 can be driven by the motor 11 and integrated with the controller 29 to realize automated operation.

[0055] The above embodiments are exemplary and not restrictive. Therefore, any technical solutions that can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention are included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hand-operated distance measuring device for construction surveying, comprising a frame (1), an axle (2) rotatably mounted on the frame (1), a measuring wheel (3) fixed on the axle (2), and a hand-operated rod (4) fixed on the frame (1), characterized in that, An encoder for detecting the number of rotations of the measuring wheel (3) is fixedly installed on the frame (1); One side of the measuring wheel (3) is provided with an anti-rotation mechanism for limiting the unidirectional rotation of the wheel axle (2). The anti-rotation mechanism includes a mounting seat (5) fixed on the frame (1) and a ratchet (6) fixed on the wheel axle (2). A pawl (7) that engages with the ratchet (6) is rotatably mounted on the mounting seat (5). A push rod (8) that abuts against the side of the pawl (7) is inserted through the mounting seat (5). A preload spring (9) is sleeved on the push rod (8). One end of the preload spring (9) is fixed to the push rod (8), and the other end is fixed to the mounting seat (5). It is used to provide a preload force to the pawl (7) so that it maintains a meshing tendency with the ratchet (6). It also includes a braking mechanism, which includes a brake disc (20) fixed on the wheel axle (2) and two brake shoes (26) slidably disposed on the frame (1) and distributed on both sides of the brake disc (20). A control lever (10) is rotatably mounted on the frame (1). The control lever (10) cooperates with the brake shoes (26) and the preload spring (9) through a linkage mechanism. When the control lever (10) rotates, it drives the two brake shoes (26) to move relative to each other through the linkage mechanism and clamp them on both sides of the brake disc (20) to lock the measuring wheel (3), and drives the push rod (8) to further press the pawl (7) so that it forms a rigid lock with the ratchet (6). The linkage mechanism includes a first drive shaft (12) rotatably mounted on the frame (1). The first drive shaft (12) and the control lever (10) are connected by a first gear mechanism. When the control lever (10) rotates, it drives the first drive shaft (12) to rotate. A gear ring (17) is rotatably mounted on the frame (1). The first drive shaft (12) and the gear ring (17) are connected by a second gear mechanism. When the first drive shaft (12) rotates, it drives the gear ring (17) to rotate. An arc-shaped push block (18) is fixed to the inner wall of the gear ring (17). A dome (19) is fixed to the end of the push rod (8) away from the pawl (7). The linkage mechanism also includes a bidirectional screw (22) rotatably mounted on the frame (1) and a guide seat (21) fixed on the frame (1). The bidirectional screw (22) and the control lever (10) are connected by a third gear mechanism. When the control lever (10) rotates, it will drive the bidirectional screw (22) to rotate. Two nut blocks (25) are threaded on the bidirectional screw (22). One end of the nut block (25) is fixed to the brake shoe (26), and the other end is slidably connected to the guide seat (21) through a sliding component.

2. The hand-operated distance measuring device for building construction surveying according to claim 1, characterized in that, A motor (11) is fixed on the frame (1), and the output end of the motor (11) is connected to the control lever (10) through a coupling to drive the control lever (10) to rotate.

3. The hand-operated distance measuring device for building construction surveying according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting base (5) has a through hole with an inner diameter that matches the outer diameter of the push rod (8), and the push rod (8) is inserted through the through hole.

4. A hand-operated distance measuring device for building construction surveying according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first gear mechanism includes a first driving bevel gear (13) fixed on the control lever (10) and a first driven bevel gear (14) fixed on the first transmission shaft (12), wherein the first driving bevel gear (13) and the first driven bevel gear (14) mesh with each other.

5. A hand-operated distance measuring device for building construction surveying according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second gear mechanism includes a drive spur gear (15) fixed on the first drive shaft (12) and an intermediate gear (16) rotatably mounted on the frame (1). The intermediate gear (16) meshes with the drive spur gear (15) and the gear ring (17) on both sides respectively.

6. A hand-operated distance measuring device for building construction surveying according to claim 1, characterized in that, The third gear mechanism includes a second driving bevel gear (23) fixed on the control lever (10) and a second driven bevel gear (24) fixed on the bidirectional screw (22), wherein the second driving bevel gear (23) and the second driven bevel gear (24) mesh with each other.

7. A hand-operated distance measuring device for building construction surveying according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sliding assembly includes a guide groove (27) formed in the guide seat (21) and a slider (28) fixed on the nut block (25), the slider (28) slidingly engaging with the guide groove (27).

8. A hand-operated distance measuring device for building construction surveying according to claim 1, characterized in that, A controller (29) is fixedly installed on the frame (1), and the encoder is electrically connected to the controller (29) via a wire.

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