Multi-purpose test equipment and method for discrete materials

Abstract

The invention provides a multi-purpose test device and method for discrete materials. The multipurpose test equipment for the discrete materials comprises a multifunctional rotary drum (1), a loose joint air inducing opening (2), a driving device (3), a support (4), a brake protection device and a control system. The invention further relates to a method of the multi-purpose test equipment for the discrete materials. Abrasion test, fragmentability analysis and dust test are integrated into one set of equipment, the test function can be switched by replacing the lining and dismounting and mounting the lifting baffle, and the equipment purchase and land occupation cost is greatly reduced; the control system accurately controls test parameters, and test result repeatability and accuracy are improved; through the design of the loose joint air inducing opening and the hollow shaft, efficient collection and detection of dust are achieved, the detection requirements of various tests in the field of discrete materials are met, and universality and test efficiency are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of discrete material testing technology, specifically to a multi-purpose testing device and method for discrete materials. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of discrete material processing, it is necessary to conduct experimental analysis on the wear performance of wear-resistant materials, the crushing characteristics of materials, and the dust generation patterns. In the existing technology, such tests usually require multiple independent test equipment, which are costly to purchase, occupy a lot of space, and have complicated test procedures. The differences in operation of different equipment also lead to low test efficiency. There is a lack of a general-purpose equipment that can integrate multiple test functions. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-purpose testing device and method for discrete materials.

[0004] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0005] This invention relates to a multi-purpose testing device for discrete materials, comprising a multi-functional rotating drum 1, a flexible air inlet 2, a drive unit 3, a support 4, a brake protection device, and a control system;

[0006] The multifunctional rotary drum 1 includes a drum body 101, a detachable lifting baffle 102, a detachable cover plate 103, an observation window 104, and a hollow shaft 105. The detachable lifting baffle 102 is mounted on the outer wall of the drum body 101, the detachable cover plate 103 covers the top opening of the drum body 101, the observation window 104 is embedded in the side wall of the drum body 101, and the hollow shaft 105 passes through the axis of the drum body 101 and is fixed to the drum body 101, and the hollow shaft 105 communicates with the internal space of the drum body 101. The flexible air inlet 2 is connected to the hollow shaft 105, the drive device 3 is connected to the hollow shaft 105, and the brake protection device is installed on the hollow shaft 105. The multifunctional rotary drum 1 and the drive device 3 are both installed on the bracket 4. The control system is electrically connected to the drive device 3 and the brake protection device, and is used to adjust the rotation speed of the drum and control the start and stop of the equipment.

[0007] Preferably, the cylinder 101 is provided with bolt holes or buckles along its circumference for disassembling and installing linings of different materials; the detachable cover plate 103 is provided with bolt holes or buckles for installing the lining; multiple slots are symmetrically opened on the side of the cylinder 101, and fixing ears are provided at the edges of the slots; the detachable lifting baffle 102 is detachably connected to the cylinder 101 through the fixing ears.

[0008] Preferably, the observation window 104 is made of a transparent hard material, and a sealing gasket is provided between the observation window 104 and the side wall of the cylinder 101.

[0009] Preferably, the flexible air inlet 2 is used to connect to the dust collection system, and its port is equipped with a control valve for adjusting the exhaust speed.

[0010] Preferably, the control system is used for speed adjustment, customized start-up and shutdown, and provides preset drum rotation speed and rotation time.

[0011] The present invention also relates to a wear method for the aforementioned multi-purpose testing equipment for discrete materials, comprising:

[0012] (I) Friction and wear: Liners of different materials are installed around the cylinder 101 of the multi-functional rotating drum 1. Abrasive is added into the rotating drum. The rotating drum speed is set by the control system and the equipment is started. The abrasive slides down the cylinder wall with the rotating drum. After a preset time, the liner is weighed and compared to analyze the tangential friction loss of the liner.

[0013] (ii) Impact wear: Based on friction wear, a detachable lifting baffle 102 is installed on the cylinder 101, and the abrasive changes from sliding to throwing. The liner is subjected to tangential wear and normal impact at the same time. After a preset time, the liner is weighed and compared to analyze the impact wear performance of the liner.

[0014] This invention also relates to a method for analyzing the breakability of discrete materials using the aforementioned multi-purpose testing equipment for discrete materials, comprising the following steps:

[0015] S1: Install a single-material liner along the circumference of the cylinder 101 of the multi-functional rotary drum 1, and install a detachable lifting baffle 102;

[0016] S2: Perform sieving analysis on the material to be tested to obtain its initial particle size distribution data;

[0017] S3: Add the sample to be tested into the rotating drum, set the rotation speed and rotation time of the rotating drum through the control system, and start the equipment to make the sample drop.

[0018] S4: After the test, the sample is sieved and analyzed again to obtain the particle size distribution data after crushing, and the crushing rate of each particle size class and the overall crushing rate are calculated.

[0019] This invention also relates to a discrete material dust testing and analysis method using the aforementioned multi-purpose discrete material testing equipment, comprising the following steps:

[0020] S1: Install a single-material liner along the circumference of the cylinder 101 of the multi-functional rotary drum 1, and install a detachable lifting baffle 102;

[0021] S2: Conduct laboratory analysis on the material to be tested to obtain basic data on its moisture content and particle size distribution;

[0022] S3: Add the sample to be tested into the rotating drum, set the rotating drum rotation speed and rotation time through the control system, connect the dust collection system to the live air inlet 2 and set the exhaust speed;

[0023] S4: Start the equipment to make the sample fall. The generated dust enters the dust collection system through the flexible air inlet 2. Measure the amount of dust collected and analyze the total amount and rate of dust generated within a certain working time.

[0024] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0025] This invention integrates wear testing, breakage analysis, and dust testing into a single device. The testing functions can be switched by changing the lining and removing or installing the lifting baffle, significantly reducing equipment purchase and floor space costs. The control system precisely controls the test parameters, improving the repeatability and accuracy of the test results. The design of the flexible air inlet and hollow shaft enables efficient dust collection and detection, solving the detection needs of various tests in the field of discrete materials, and significantly improving versatility and testing efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is the overall structural diagram of the multi-purpose testing equipment for discrete materials;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of a multi-functional rotary drum;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the flexible air intake;

[0029] Attached figures: 1-Multifunctional rotary drum, 2-Flexible air inlet, 3-Drive device, 4-Bracket, 101-Cylinder body, 102-Removable lifting baffle, 103-Removable cover plate, 104-Observation window, 105-Hollow shaft, 201-Air inlet end, 202-Duct section, 203-Mounting base. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments. It should be noted that the following embodiments are merely further illustrations of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] This embodiment relates to a multi-purpose testing device for discrete materials, see [link to documentation]. Figure 1 As shown, it includes a multi-functional rotating drum 1, a flexible air inlet 2, a drive unit 3, a bracket 4, a brake protection device, and a control system;

[0033] The multifunctional rotary drum 1 includes a drum body 101, a detachable lifting baffle 102, a detachable cover plate 103, an observation window 104, and a hollow shaft 105; see Figure 2 As shown.

[0034] The detachable lifting baffle 102 is assembled on the outer wall of the cylinder 101, the detachable cover plate 103 covers the top opening of the cylinder 101, the observation window 104 is embedded in the side wall of the cylinder 101, the hollow shaft 105 passes through the axis of the cylinder 101 and is fixed to the cylinder 101, and the hollow shaft 105 communicates with the internal space of the cylinder 101.

[0035] See Figure 3 As shown, the flexible air inlet 2 is connected to the hollow shaft 105, the drive device 3 is connected to the hollow shaft 105, the brake protection device is installed on the hollow shaft 105, and the multi-functional rotating drum 1 and the drive device 3 are both installed on the bracket 4; the control system is electrically connected to the drive device 3 and the brake protection device, and is used to adjust the rotating drum speed and control the start and stop of the equipment.

[0036] Example 2

[0037] The assembly process of the multi-purpose discrete material testing equipment described in this embodiment is as follows:

[0038] First, fix the bracket 4 on a flat test site, and then fix the drive device 3 to the preset installation position of the bracket 4 with bolts. The drive device 3 is preferably an adjustable speed motor, and its output shaft is connected to one end of the coupling.

[0039] Assemble the multi-functional rotating drum 1: Insert the hollow shaft 105 into the central hole of the drum body 101, and fix the hollow shaft 105 and the drum body 101 by welding to ensure that the two rotate coaxially; embed the observation window 104 in the preset groove on the side wall of the drum body 101. The observation window 104 is made of tempered glass with a thickness of 8-12mm. Install a rubber sealing gasket between the contact surface of the observation window 104 and the groove, and press and fix the observation window 104 with bolts; cover the top opening of the drum body 101 with the detachable cover plate 103. Install a sealing gasket on the contact surface between the cover plate and the drum body, and achieve detachable connection with 8-12 circumferentially distributed bolts.

[0040] The assembled multi-functional rotary drum 1 is hoisted onto the support position of the bracket 4. One end of the hollow shaft 105 is connected to the output shaft of the drive device 3 via a coupling, and the other end is equipped with a brake protection device, preferably an electromagnetic brake, which is fixed to the end flange of the hollow shaft 105. A flexible air inlet 2 is connected to the free end of the hollow shaft 105. The air inlet of the flexible air inlet 2 is connected to the inner cavity of the hollow shaft 105, and the air outlet is connected to an external dust collection system via a flange. A butterfly valve is installed on the duct section of the flexible air inlet 2 to adjust the exhaust speed.

[0041] Connect the control system: Connect the control circuit of the control system to the drive unit 3 and the brake protection device respectively. The control panel of the control system is fixed to the side of the bracket 4. The panel is equipped with a speed adjustment knob, a time setting button, a start / stop button and an emergency brake switch.

[0042] Example 3

[0043] Installation and replacement of detachable lifting baffle

[0044] When impact wear test, material breakage test or dust test is required, a detachable lifting baffle 102 needs to be installed: the detachable lifting baffle 102 is fixed to 4 to 6 fixed ears evenly distributed around the side wall of the cylinder 101 by bolts. The detachable lifting baffle 102 is made of wear-resistant steel plate, has a rectangular plate structure, a height of 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the height of the cylinder 101, and a thickness of 6 to 10 mm.

[0045] When a friction and wear test is required, the detachable lifting baffle 102 needs to be removed: simply unscrew the bolts on the fixing ears to remove the baffle. The operation is convenient and requires no additional tools.

[0046] Example 4

[0047] Replacement of linings made of different materials

[0048] Bolt holes are reserved on the inner wall of the cylinder 101 and the inner plate of the detachable cover plate 103 of the present invention; depending on the test requirements, different wear-resistant materials such as high chromium alloy, high manganese steel, polyurethane, and rubber can be selected for the inner lining plate.

[0049] Installation of the inner liner: The inner liner is attached to the inner wall of the cylinder 101 and fixed to the cylinder 101 with expansion bolts. The joints of the inner liner are filled with sealant. The inner liner of the inner plate of the removable cover plate 103 is fixed in the same way to ensure that the inner liner covers the contact area between the material and the equipment during the test.

[0050] Example 5

[0051] Wear test

[0052] (I) Friction and Wear Test

[0053] Remove the detachable lifting baffle 102 on the multi-functional rotating drum 1. According to the test plan, install inner lining plates of different materials to be tested on the inner wall of the drum 101. The area of ​​each material inner lining plate is the same and they are evenly distributed along the circumference.

[0054] Weigh each inner lining plate and record the initial weight data m0; open the removable cover plate 103 and add abrasive into the cylinder 101. The abrasive should be quartz sand with a particle size of 5-10mm or alumina ceramic blocks with a particle size of 10-50mm. The amount added should be 1 / 5 to 1 / 4 of the volume of the cylinder 101.

[0055] The cover is locked and the detachable cover plate 103 is locked. The rotation speed of the drum is set to 20-40 r / min and the running time is 8-12 h by the control system. The equipment is started. During the test, the movement status of the internal abrasive can be observed in real time through the observation window 104.

[0056] After the test, the equipment was turned off and the drum was allowed to come to a complete stop. The removable cover plate 103 was opened, the abrasive was removed, and each inner liner plate was disassembled and the residual abrasive on the surface was cleaned. The weight data m1 after the test was recorded. The wear amount Δm = m0 - m1 of each inner liner plate was calculated, and the friction and wear performance of inner liner plates of different materials was compared and analyzed.

[0057] (II) Impact Wear Test

[0058] A liner plate of the same material and specifications as that used in the friction and wear test is installed on the inner wall of the cylinder 101, and a detachable lifting baffle 102 is installed on the outer wall of the cylinder 101.

[0059] Repeat steps 2-4 of the above friction and wear test. During the test, the abrasive is carried to the top of the rotating drum by the lifting baffle and then thrown down, producing a dual effect of impact and friction on the inner liner.

[0060] The wear amount of each inner lining plate was calculated and compared with the results of friction and wear tests to analyze the influence of impact load on the wear performance of the lining plate.

[0061] Example 6

[0062] The specific steps for analyzing the breakability of discrete materials are as follows:

[0063] Install a single-material liner (preferably a polyurethane liner to reduce the interference of liner wear on the test results), and install a detachable lifting baffle 102 on the outer wall of the cylinder 101.

[0064] The discrete materials to be tested (such as ore, coal, etc.) are screened, and the initial particle size distribution of the materials is obtained using a standard sieve set. The mass percentage of each particle size class is recorded.

[0065] Add the material to be tested into the cylinder 101, the amount of which is 1 / 10 to 1 / 20 of the cylinder volume, and close the detachable cover plate 103; set the rotation speed of the cylinder to 25 to 35 r / min and the running time to 0.5 to 5 min through the control system, and start the equipment.

[0066] After the experiment, all materials were removed and sieved again using the same standard sieve set. The mass percentage of each particle size was recorded. The breakage rate of each particle size was calculated using the formula: Breakage rate of a particle size = (Mass percentage of the particle size before the experiment - Mass percentage of the particle size after the experiment) / Mass percentage of the particle size before the experiment × 100%. This was used to analyze the breakage characteristics of the material.

[0067] Example 7

[0068] The specific steps for dust test analysis of discrete materials are as follows:

[0069] Install the same inner lining plate and lifting baffle as in the crushing test. Connect the outlet end of the swivel-connected air inlet 2 to the external dust collection system (such as a bag filter). Adjust the butterfly valve on the swivel-connected air inlet 2 and set the exhaust air volume to 1-3 m³ / h. 3 / min.

[0070] Perform basic parameter testing on the material to be tested, including moisture content, particle size distribution, etc., and record the relevant data.

[0071] Add the material to be tested into the cylinder 101, with an amount of about 20 to 50 kg, and close the detachable cover plate 103; set the rotation speed of the drum to 25 to 35 r / min and the running time to 1 to 3 min through the control system, and start the equipment and dust collection system.

[0072] After the test, all equipment was turned off, and the dust collected by the dust collection system was weighed and the total mass of the dust was recorded. The dust generation rate per unit time was calculated using the formula: Dust generation rate = Total mass of dust / Test running time. Combined with the basic parameters of the material, the dust generation pattern of the material was analyzed.

[0073] Equipment maintenance and upkeep

[0074] After each test, the inside of the multi-functional rotating drum 1 needs to be cleaned to remove residual materials and impurities, and to prevent materials from clumping and affecting subsequent tests.

[0075] Regularly check the wear of the removable lifting baffle 102 and the inner lining plate. If severe wear or deformation occurs, replace them in time. Regularly check the sealing performance of the sealing gaskets. If aging or damage occurs, replace them in time.

[0076] Regularly lubricate the bearings of drive unit 3 to ensure smooth operation of the equipment; regularly check the wiring connections of the control system to prevent loosening or short circuits.

[0077] In summary, this invention integrates wear testing, fragmentation analysis, and dust testing into a single device. Testing functions can be switched by changing the lining and disassembling / assembling the lifting baffle, significantly reducing equipment purchase and floor space costs. The control system precisely controls test parameters, improving the repeatability and accuracy of test results. The design of the flexible air inlet and hollow shaft enables efficient dust collection and detection, addressing the testing needs of various discrete materials, and significantly improving versatility and testing efficiency.

[0078] The specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications or variations within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essence of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-purpose testing device for discrete materials, characterized in that, It includes a multi-functional rotary drum (1), a flexible air inlet (2), a drive unit (3), a bracket (4), a brake protection device, and a control system; The multifunctional rotary drum (1) includes a drum body (101), a detachable lifting baffle (102), a detachable cover plate (103), an observation window (104), and a hollow shaft (105); the detachable lifting baffle (102) is fitted onto the outer wall of the drum body (101), the detachable cover plate (103) covers the top opening of the drum body (101), the observation window (104) is embedded in the side wall of the drum body (101), and the hollow shaft (105) passes through the axis of the drum body (101) and is parallel to the drum body (101). 101) is fixed, and the hollow shaft (105) is connected to the internal space of the cylinder (101); the movable air inlet (2) is connected to the hollow shaft (105), the drive device (3) is connected to the hollow shaft (105) for transmission, the brake protection device is installed on the hollow shaft (105), and the multi-functional rotating drum (1) and the drive device (3) are both installed on the bracket (4); the control system is electrically connected to the drive device (3) and the brake protection device, and is used to adjust the rotating drum speed and control the start and stop of the equipment.

2. The multi-purpose testing equipment for discrete materials as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cylinder (101) is provided with bolt holes or buckles along its circumference for disassembling and installing linings of different materials; the detachable cover plate (103) is provided with bolt holes or buckles for installing linings; multiple slots are symmetrically opened on the side of the cylinder (101), and fixing ears are provided at the edges of the slots; the detachable lifting baffle (102) is detachably connected to the cylinder (101) through the fixing ears.

3. The multi-purpose testing equipment for discrete materials as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The observation window (104) is made of a transparent hard material, and a sealing gasket is provided between the observation window (104) and the side wall of the cylinder (101).

4. The multi-purpose test equipment for discrete materials as described in claim 1, wherein the flexible air inlet (2) is used to connect to the dust collection system, and its port is provided with a control valve for adjusting the exhaust speed.

5. The multi-purpose testing equipment for discrete materials as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The control system is used for speed regulation, customized start-up and shutdown, and provides preset drum rotation speed and rotation time.

6. A wear method based on the multi-purpose testing equipment for discrete materials according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, include: (I) Friction and wear: Different materials of liners are installed along the circumference of the cylinder (101) of the multi-functional rotating drum (1), abrasive is added into the rotating drum, the rotating drum speed is set by the control system and the equipment is started, the abrasive slides down the cylinder wall with the rotating drum, and the liners are weighed and compared after a preset time to analyze the tangential friction loss of the liners. (ii) Impact wear: Based on friction wear, a detachable lifting baffle (102) is installed on the cylinder (101), and the abrasive changes from sliding to throwing. The liner is subjected to tangential wear and normal impact at the same time. After a preset time, the liner is weighed and compared to analyze the impact wear performance of the liner.

7. A method for analyzing the breakability of discrete materials using a multi-purpose testing apparatus for discrete materials as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Install a single material liner along the circumference of the cylinder (101) of the multi-functional rotary drum (1) and install a detachable lifting baffle (102); S2: Perform sieving analysis on the material to be tested to obtain its initial particle size distribution data; S3: Add the sample to be tested into the rotating drum, set the rotation speed and rotation time of the rotating drum through the control system, and start the equipment to make the sample drop. S4: After the test, the sample is sieved and analyzed again to obtain the particle size distribution data after crushing, and the crushing rate of each particle size class and the overall crushing rate are calculated.

8. A method for dust testing and analysis of discrete materials using a multi-purpose discrete material testing apparatus as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Install a single material liner along the circumference of the cylinder (101) of the multi-functional rotary drum (1) and install a detachable lifting baffle (102); S2: Conduct laboratory analysis on the material to be tested to obtain basic data on its moisture content and particle size distribution; S3: Add the sample to be tested into the rotating drum, set the rotating drum rotation speed and rotation time through the control system, connect the dust collection system to the live air inlet (2) and set the exhaust speed; S4: Start the equipment to make the sample fall. The generated dust enters the dust collection system through the flexible air inlet (2). Measure the amount of dust collected and analyze the total amount and rate of dust generated within a certain working time.

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