Battery passport offline management method, device and equipment and readable storage medium

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of battery passports, and discloses a battery passport offline management method, device and equipment and a readable storage medium. The method is applied to a battery management chip of a target battery, and comprises the following steps: in the production process of the target battery, obtaining battery factory data of the target battery, and storing the battery factory data in a non-erasable storage area of the battery management chip to generate a battery passport of the target battery; and when the network connection state of the target battery is unavailable, acquiring battery dynamic data and battery operation data of the target battery, generating use operation information of the target battery based on the battery dynamic data and the battery operation data, and updating the battery passport based on the use operation information. The factory data and the use operation information of the battery are stored in the battery management chip, so that the full-life-cycle data chain interruption of the battery is avoided, and the battery passport can still be generated or updated when the network is unstable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery passport technology, and in particular to a battery passport offline management method, apparatus, device and readable storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] With increasing global focus on sustainable development and the circular economy, regions such as the EU have introduced regulations requiring the traceability and management of data throughout the entire lifecycle of power batteries, giving rise to the concept of a battery passport. A battery passport aims to record data on all stages of a battery's lifecycle, from raw material mining, manufacturing, transportation, use, secondary utilization to recycling, in order to improve transparency, promote recycling, and ensure the sustainability of the supply chain.

[0003] The current mainstream technology for generating battery passports faces a bottleneck: regardless of the technology used, all collected battery data must be uploaded to the battery passport cloud platform for data processing in order to generate or update the battery passport. This heavily relies on a stable network connection. However, during battery production and transportation, network instability may occur, which can prevent battery data from being uploaded to the battery passport cloud platform. This can disrupt the entire battery lifecycle data chain, making it impossible to generate or update the battery passport. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of this application is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a battery passport offline management method, the method being applied to the battery management chip of a target battery, the method comprising: During the production process of the target battery, the battery factory data of the target battery is acquired and stored in the non-erasable memory area of ​​the battery management chip to generate the battery passport of the target battery. When the network connection status of the target battery is unavailable, acquire the battery dynamic data and battery operation data of the target battery, generate the usage and operation information of the target battery based on the battery dynamic data and the battery operation data, and update the battery passport based on the usage and operation information.

[0005] In one embodiment, the target battery surface is provided with a query code for querying the battery passport, and the method further includes: When the query terminal scans the query code, the system receives the query request from the query terminal, establishes a communication connection with the query terminal, and sends the updated battery passport to the query terminal for display.

[0006] In one embodiment, the method further includes: When the network connection status of the target battery is available, the battery passport and the usage and operation information are uploaded to the battery passport cloud platform so that the battery passport cloud platform can update the battery passport.

[0007] In one embodiment, the battery management chip is communicatively connected to the factory system of the target battery. The step of acquiring the battery factory data of the target battery and storing the battery factory data in the non-erasable memory area of ​​the battery management chip includes: The system receives encrypted battery manufacturing data sent by the target battery's manufacturing system. The encrypted battery manufacturing data is generated by the target battery's manufacturing system encrypting the battery manufacturing data and data signature using a preset private key. The data signature is generated by the target battery's manufacturing system based on the battery manufacturing data and the chip code of the battery management chip. The battery factory encryption data is decrypted using a preset public key to obtain the data signature and the battery factory data, and a reference data signature is determined based on the battery factory data and the chip code of the battery management chip. The decrypted data signature is compared with the data signature. If the comparison is successful, the battery factory data is stored in the non-erasable memory area of ​​the battery management chip.

[0008] In one embodiment, the step of generating the battery passport for the target battery includes: Obtain the battery passport number and establish a binding record between the battery passport number and the chip code of the battery management chip; Based on the binding record, the battery factory data, and the preset battery passport template, a battery passport for the target battery is generated.

[0009] In one embodiment, the step of acquiring battery dynamic data and battery operation data of the target battery when the network connection status of the target battery is unavailable includes: During the use of the target battery, the status information of the target battery is periodically collected and analyzed to obtain the battery dynamic data of the target battery. When the network connection of the target battery is unavailable, near-field communication is performed with a trusted mobile operator terminal to obtain the battery operation data of the target battery.

[0010] In one embodiment, after the step of generating the usage and operation information of the target battery based on the battery dynamic data and the battery operation data, the method includes: The battery dynamic data and the battery operation data are merged to generate the usage and operation information of the target battery; The cross-layer hash chain is updated based on the usage operation information, and the usage operation information is verified based on the cross-layer hash chain. The cross-layer hash chain records the hash values ​​of all data stored in the battery management chip. If the verification passes, the usage and operation information will be stored in the extended storage area of ​​the battery management chip.

[0011] This application also provides a battery passport offline management device, the battery passport offline management device comprising: The generation module is used to acquire the battery factory data of the target battery during the production process of the target battery, and store the battery factory data in the non-erasable and rewritable storage area of ​​the battery management chip to generate the battery passport of the target battery. The update module is used to acquire battery dynamic data and battery operation data of the target battery when the network connection status of the target battery is unavailable, generate usage and operation information of the target battery based on the battery dynamic data and the battery operation data, and update the battery passport based on the usage and operation information.

[0012] This application also provides a computer device, which includes a processor and a memory, the memory storing a computer program, and the processor executing the computer program to implement the above-described battery passport offline management method.

[0013] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when run on a processor, executes the above-described battery passport offline management method.

[0014] The embodiments of this application have the following beneficial effects: In this embodiment, during the production process of the target battery, the battery's factory data is acquired and stored in the non-erasable memory area of ​​the battery management chip to generate a battery passport for the target battery. When the network connection of the target battery is unavailable, battery dynamic data and battery operation data are acquired, and usage and operation information of the target battery is generated based on the battery dynamic data and battery operation data. The battery passport is then updated based on the usage and operation information. Storing the battery's factory data and usage and operation information in the battery management chip avoids interruption of the data chain throughout the battery's entire life cycle, enabling the generation or updating of the battery passport even when the network is unstable. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and therefore should not be considered as a limitation on the scope of protection of this application. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating the first embodiment of the battery passport offline management method provided in this application; Figure 2 A schematic diagram illustrating the circulation of the battery passport provided for this application; Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating a second embodiment of the battery passport offline management method provided in this application; Figure 4 A flowchart illustrating the third embodiment of the battery passport offline management method provided in this application; Figure 5 A flowchart illustrating the fourth embodiment of the battery passport offline management method provided in this application; Figure 6 A flowchart illustrating the fifth embodiment of the battery passport offline management method provided in this application; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the battery passport offline management device provided in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments.

[0018] The components of the embodiments of this application described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings can be arranged and designed in a variety of different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0019] In the following, the terms “comprising,” “having,” and their cognates, which may be used in various embodiments of this application, are intended only to indicate a particular feature, number, step, operation, element, component, or combination thereof, and should not be construed as excluding, firstly, the presence of one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations thereof, or adding the possibility of one or more features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations thereof.

[0020] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0021] Unless otherwise specified, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) shall have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the various embodiments of this application pertain. Terms (such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries) shall be interpreted as having the same meaning as in their contextual meaning in the relevant technical field and shall not be construed as having an idealized or overly formal meaning, unless clearly defined in the various embodiments of this application.

[0022] It is understood that the method of this application is applied to the battery management chip of the battery, which is used to store various data and information of the battery and to generate or update the battery passport.

[0023] The following detailed description of some embodiments of this application is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0024] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a first embodiment of the battery passport offline management method provided in this application. The method is applied to the battery management chip of a target battery and includes: Step S101: During the production process of the target battery, the battery factory data of the target battery is obtained and stored in the non-erasable memory area of ​​the battery management chip to generate the battery passport of the target battery.

[0025] In this embodiment, during the production process of the target battery, the battery management chip acquires the battery manufacturing data of the target battery and stores the battery manufacturing data in the non-erasable memory area of ​​the battery management chip. The battery management chip generates the battery passport of the target battery according to the preset battery passport template and the battery manufacturing data.

[0026] It should be noted that the battery management chip has optimized its storage space by dividing it into a non-erasable storage area and an extended storage area. The non-erasable storage area is only used to store the battery's factory data. Data stored in the non-erasable storage area cannot be rewritten and can only be read, thus avoiding the risk of the battery's factory data being tampered with and ensuring the authenticity of the data source.

[0027] In one embodiment, battery manufacturing data includes traceability information, design information, and certification information. The traceability information includes passport parameters and a traceability map of the battery pack supplier. The design information includes basic information, detailed composition, performance parameters, and disassembly information; this data originates from the battery pack manufacturer and is linked to the battery model. The certification information includes restricted substances, carbon footprint, due diligence, recycled materials, test reports, and EU declarations of conformity; this data primarily originates from the battery supplier and is linked to raw material batch information. The battery management chip mainly obtains design information from existing systems through defined, generic interface templates. It also obtains third-party certification results data for batteries by model through online data entry. Furthermore, it leverages the relationships between purchase orders, work orders, and sales orders, using online data entry and generic interfaces to obtain traceability maps and supporting evidence from batteries, modules, cells, raw materials, all the way to the mine.

[0028] Understandably, since the battery management chip is located inside the battery, it can still generate a battery passport based on the stored data, even if the battery is not connected to the network or is in an environment without a network.

[0029] Step S102: When the network connection status of the target battery is unavailable, obtain the battery dynamic data and battery operation data of the target battery, generate the usage and operation information of the target battery based on the battery dynamic data and the battery operation data, and update the battery passport based on the usage and operation information.

[0030] In this embodiment, when the target battery is put into operation after leaving the factory, if the network connection status of the target battery is unavailable (e.g., network connection is broken, data transmission speed is slow, or security does not meet requirements), the battery management chip can determine that the network connection status of the target battery is unavailable. The chip then acquires the target battery's dynamic data and operational data, generates usage and operational information based on this data, verifies the usage and operational information, and updates the battery passport based on the verified usage and operational information. It is understood that the battery management chip has a preset algorithm that can update the battery passport upon receiving usage and operational information, ensuring the continuity of the battery's entire lifecycle data chain. This preset algorithm involves statistically analyzing various data in the usage and operational information to obtain information such as the target battery's assembly information, usage information, health status data, maintenance type, timestamp, location coordinates, and operator ID. This information is then filled into the corresponding positions in the battery passport, thus updating the battery passport.

[0031] It should be noted that battery dynamic data refers to the raw physical quantities that reflect the electrochemical and thermodynamic behavior of a battery, which are autonomously sensed and recorded under real-world operating conditions. These include assembly information, usage information, and health status data. Battery operation data includes battery passport lookup, remanufacturing / reuse data, and battery recycling data.

[0032] It should be noted that generating target battery usage and operation information based on battery dynamic data and battery operation data is to meet the "integrity requirement" of Article 72 of the EU's new Battery Law (EU 2023 / 1542) and to solve the problem of incomplete passports caused by "data silos".

[0033] Understandably, in the battery passport generated by the battery management chip based solely on the battery's factory data, the battery operation data and battery dynamic data are still empty. Once the battery management chip determines the battery operation data and battery dynamic data, it can update them in the battery passport. Understandably, upon acquiring new battery operation data and battery dynamic data, the battery management chip will continue to update the battery passport with the new data, while historically acquired battery operation data and battery dynamic data will remain in the battery passport.

[0034] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the flow of the battery passport provided in this application. During the production process of the target battery, a domestic battery passport platform collects relevant data from various stages of the production process (including suppliers, battery manufacturers, and end-user manufacturers), generating certification data and static data. Based on the certification data and static data, it collects the factory exit data and generates the target battery passport. At this stage, the target battery's dynamic data and operational data are not yet collected; this generated battery passport is called a "blank passport." The blank passport is uploaded to a domestic cloud platform and verified by stakeholders and certification bodies before being stored in the target battery's battery management chip. The target battery is then shipped overseas. During offline operation when the target battery is not connected to the internet, the battery management chip collects dynamic and operational data offline and updates the battery passport locally. At this stage, the target battery's dynamic and operational data are still not collected; this generated battery passport is called an "operational passport." When the target battery is connected to the internet, the updated operational passport is uploaded to an overseas cloud platform, allowing the public and supervisory bodies to access and query the target battery's operational passport via public networks.

[0035] In this embodiment, the battery management chip acquires the battery's factory data during the target battery's production process and stores it in the non-erasable memory area of ​​the battery management chip to generate the target battery's battery passport. During the target battery's use and operation, it acquires the target battery's dynamic data and operational data, and generates the target battery's usage and operation information based on the dynamic data and operational data. The battery passport is then updated based on this usage and operation information. Storing the battery's factory data and usage and operation information in the battery management chip avoids interruptions to the battery's entire lifecycle data chain, allowing the battery passport to be generated or updated even when the network is unstable.

[0036] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating a second embodiment of the battery passport offline management method provided in this application. The difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is that the target battery surface is provided with a query code for querying the battery passport, and the method further includes: Step S201: When the query terminal scans the query code, receive the query request from the query terminal and establish a communication connection with the query terminal; Step S202: Send the updated battery passport to the query terminal for display.

[0037] In this embodiment, the target battery surface is coated with a query code for querying the battery passport. When the query terminal scans the query code, the query terminal establishes a communication connection with the battery management chip. The battery management chip receives the query request from the query terminal and sends the latest version of the battery passport to the query terminal for display.

[0038] It should be noted that the query code is applied to the surface of the target battery by the battery manufacturer using laser marking technology after the battery's factory data is stored in the non-erasable memory area of ​​the battery management chip.

[0039] The battery management chip in this embodiment acquires battery dynamic data and battery operation data during offline operations, enabling the updating of the battery passport while offline. Simultaneously, the query terminal can retrieve the battery passport based on a query code when the target battery is offline. This achieves battery passport updates and queries even without a network connection.

[0040] Please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating a third embodiment of the battery passport offline management method provided in this application. The difference between the third embodiment and the first to second embodiments is that the method further includes: Step S301: When the network connection status of the target battery is available, upload the battery passport and the usage and operation information to the battery passport cloud platform so that the battery passport cloud platform updates the battery passport.

[0041] In this embodiment, when the battery management chip determines that the target battery's network connection status is available, it uploads the battery passport to the battery passport cloud platform. It then analyzes the acquired usage and operational information to determine the necessary data digest for updating the battery passport, and uploads this necessary data digest to the battery passport cloud platform so that the battery passport cloud platform can update the battery passport. That is, when the target battery is connected to the network, the battery management chip can upload the battery passport generated or updated offline, along with the necessary data digest, to the battery passport cloud platform. Simultaneously, it only uploads the analysis results of newly acquired usage and operational information to the battery passport cloud platform for updating the battery passport.

[0042] In this embodiment, the battery management chip uploads the battery passport to the battery passport cloud platform when it detects that the target battery is connected to the network. At the same time, it also uploads the necessary data summary to the battery passport cloud platform for updating the battery passport, thus avoiding uploading all the data to the battery passport cloud platform and significantly reducing the storage cost of the battery passport cloud platform.

[0043] Please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating a fourth embodiment of the battery passport offline management method provided in this application. The difference between this fourth embodiment and the first to third embodiments is that the battery management chip is communicatively connected to the target battery's manufacturing system. The step of acquiring the target battery's manufacturing data and storing it in the non-erasable memory area of ​​the battery management chip includes: Step S401: Receive battery factory encrypted data sent by the factory system of the target battery. The battery factory encrypted data is generated by the factory system of the target battery encrypting the battery factory data and data signature using a preset private key. The data signature is generated by the factory system of the target battery based on the battery factory data and the chip code of the battery management chip. Step S402: Decrypt the battery factory encrypted data using a preset public key to obtain the data signature and the battery factory data, and determine the reference data signature based on the battery factory data and the chip code of the battery management chip. Step S403: Compare the decrypted data signature with the data signature. If the comparison is successful, store the battery factory data in the non-erasable memory area of ​​the battery management chip.

[0044] In this embodiment, the battery management chip is configured with a non-erasable and rewritable memory area, which is physically divided into a plaintext data area and a ciphertext data area. The battery management chip communicates with the target battery's manufacturing system. The manufacturing system communicates with the battery management chip via a writing tool. The target battery's manufacturing system generates a data signature based on the battery's manufacturing data and the battery management chip's chip code. The target battery's manufacturing system uses a preset private key to encrypt the battery's manufacturing data and data signature to generate encrypted battery manufacturing data. After establishing a secure communication connection with the battery management chip via the writing tool, the target battery's manufacturing system sends the encrypted battery manufacturing data to the battery management chip. The battery management chip uses a preset public key to decrypt the encrypted battery manufacturing data, obtaining the data signature and the battery's manufacturing data. Based on the battery's manufacturing data and the battery management chip's chip code, a reference data signature is determined. The decrypted data signature and the original data signature are compared. If the comparison passes, the battery manufacturing data is stored in the non-erasable and rewritable memory area of ​​the battery management chip. The preset private key and preset public key are a pair of keys that are stored in advance in the target battery's manufacturing system and battery management chip.

[0045] In one embodiment, after the battery management chip establishes a secure communication connection with the writing tool via the JTAG interface, the writing tool prepares the battery factory data: traceability information, design information, and certification information data. The traceability information includes the battery passport number. Based on the battery factory data and the chip code of the battery management chip, the writing tool calculates the data hash value using the SHA-256 algorithm to obtain a data signature, and uses the RSA-2048 private key to encrypt the battery factory data and the data signature to generate encrypted battery factory data, which is then sent to the battery management chip. The battery management chip uses the RSA-2048 public key to decrypt the battery's factory encrypted data, obtaining the battery's factory data and data signature. Based on the battery's factory data and the chip code of the battery management chip, it uses the SHA-256 algorithm to calculate the data hash value to obtain a reference data signature. The battery management chip compares the reference data signature with the data signature. If the comparison is successful, the battery management chip unlocks the non-erasable memory area, stores the battery's factory data in the non-erasable memory area of ​​the battery management chip, and permanently locks the write access to the non-erasable memory area. If the comparison fails, it re-receives the battery's factory encrypted data input by the writing tool.

[0046] It should be noted that when the battery management chip stores the battery's factory data, it performs encryption and decryption processing, encryption and decryption data comparison processing, and permanently locks the write access to the non-erasable storage area. Essentially, this is to build a trusted chain of transmission from cryptographic trust to hardware trust: private key signing is used to prove the trustworthiness of the data source, hash comparison is used to prove the trustworthiness of the data content, and permanently locking the write access to the non-erasable storage area is used to prove the trustworthiness of the execution process. Together, they constitute a trustworthy anchor point that is auditable, verifiable, and irrefutable for EU regulatory agencies, ensuring the authenticity of the data source.

[0047] In one embodiment, the step of generating the battery passport for the target battery includes: Step S404: Obtain the battery passport number and establish a binding record between the battery passport number and the chip code of the battery management chip.

[0048] Step S405: Generate a battery passport for the target battery based on the binding record, the battery factory data, and the preset battery passport template.

[0049] In this embodiment, the battery management chip obtains the battery passport number from the battery's factory data, establishes a binding record between the battery passport number and the chip code of the battery management chip, and uploads this binding record to the battery passport management platform. Domestic stakeholders can access the generated battery passport through a dedicated line, and the battery passport status is recorded as registered. Based on the binding record, the battery's factory data, and the preset battery passport template, the battery management chip generates the battery passport for the target battery.

[0050] It should be noted that battery manufacturing data includes traceability information, design information, and certification information. In the preset battery passport template, parameters bound to the battery model include design and certification information; parameters bound to the battery passport number include traceability information and battery operation data; and parameters bound to the battery management chip code include battery dynamic data. In battery passports generated solely from battery manufacturing data by the battery management chip, battery operation data and battery dynamic data are currently empty and will be updated in the battery passport once these data are acquired.

[0051] In this embodiment, the battery management chip performs encryption and decryption processing, encryption and decryption data comparison processing, and permanently locks the write access to the non-erasable memory area when storing battery factory data, ensuring the authenticity of the data source. Simultaneously, the battery management chip can generate a battery passport based on the trusted battery factory data in the non-erasable memory area, avoiding reliance on a battery passport cloud platform and ensuring that battery passports can still be generated even when the network is unstable.

[0052] Please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 6The flowchart illustrates the fifth embodiment of the battery passport offline management method provided in this application. The difference between the fifth embodiment and the first to fourth embodiments lies in the step of acquiring battery dynamic data and battery operation data of the target battery during its use and operation, which includes: Step S501: During the use of the target battery, the status information of the target battery is periodically collected and analyzed to obtain the battery dynamic data of the target battery.

[0053] In this embodiment, the battery management chip periodically collects the target battery's status information during its use and analyzes this information to obtain the target battery's dynamic data. This dynamic data includes assembly information, usage information, and health status data.

[0054] For example, consider the acquisition of target battery health status data by a battery management chip. The battery management chip periodically (e.g., every second) collects parameters such as voltage, current, charge / discharge cycles, and temperature of the target battery, triggering abnormal event analysis. Based on the collected parameters, the battery management chip generates a battery operating record and assesses the battery's risk level based on its State of Health (SOH), consistency, safety, stability, and abnormal events. The battery management chip summarizes the operating record data daily, performs a health status assessment, obtains health status data, and records it in the battery management chip's extended storage area.

[0055] Step S502: When the network connection status of the target battery is unavailable, near-field communication is performed with a trusted mobile operator terminal to obtain the battery operation data of the target battery.

[0056] In this embodiment, when the network connection of the target battery is unavailable, the battery management chip communicates with a trusted mobile operator terminal via near-field communication to obtain the battery operation data of the target battery. For example, both the mobile operator terminal and the battery management chip are pre-installed with the same CA root certificate at the factory, eliminating the need for online OCSP verification and solving the offline authentication problem. During the process of transporting the target battery overseas by sea, the target battery is in a network-free environment. The battery management chip communicates with the trusted mobile operator terminal via near-field communication to receive battery operation data uploaded by the mobile operator terminal, including maintenance type (cell replacement / equalization calibration / firmware upgrade), timestamp (UTC+0, synchronized by the terminal's GPS or atomic clock), location coordinates (WGS84, GDPR anonymized: accuracy ≤100m), and operator ID (bound to the EU eIDAS electronic identity).

[0057] In one embodiment, the step of generating usage and operation information of the target battery based on the battery dynamic data and the battery operation data, and storing the usage and operation information in the extended storage area of ​​the battery management chip, includes: Step S503: The battery dynamic data and the battery operation data are fused together to generate the usage and operation information of the target battery.

[0058] Step S504: Update the cross-layer hash chain based on the usage operation information, and verify the usage operation information based on the cross-layer hash chain. The cross-layer hash chain records the hash values ​​of all data stored in the battery management chip.

[0059] Step S505: If the verification passes, the usage and operation information is stored in the extended storage area of ​​the battery management chip.

[0060] In this embodiment, the battery management chip fuses battery dynamic data and battery operation data to generate usage and operation information for the target battery. Based on this usage and operation information, it updates the cross-layer hash chain and verifies the information. The cross-layer hash chain records the hash values ​​of all data stored by the battery management chip. If the verification passes, the usage and operation information is stored in the extended storage area of ​​the battery management chip.

[0061] It should be noted that the cross-layer hash chain is a complete chain of evidence that records battery manufacturing data, battery dynamic data, and battery operation data in a continuous time sequence. The cross-layer hash chain adopts a lightweight hash chain structure that is layered, anchored layer by layer, and supports selective disclosure. Each node represents a state digest of a data layer, and the states of each layer are chained together in chronological order using cryptography to form an irreversible, full-lifecycle data evolution trajectory. In this embodiment, the cross-layer hash chain includes a battery manufacturing data layer (fixed), a battery dynamic data layer (updatable data), and a battery operation data layer (updatable data). Therefore, the battery management chip can update the cross-layer hash chain based on the operational information used.

[0062] It should be noted that the battery management chip, based on the updated cross-layer hash chain, employs a three-level nested verification process (single-layer self-check → cross-layer anchoring → global traceability). This mandates that battery dynamic data and battery operation data be perfectly aligned across four dimensions: factory identity, real-time, physical response, and trusted source. If any of these dimensions deviate, the cross-layer hash chain breaks, and the battery management chip automatically determines that the battery dynamic data and battery operation data are untrusted. The battery management chip records an audit log (including error codes, timestamps, and BMS UID), which is then reported to the maintenance platform after network recovery. If all four dimensions are perfectly aligned, the battery management chip automatically determines that the battery dynamic data and battery operation data are trustworthy and stores them in the battery management chip's extended storage area.

[0063] The battery management chip in this embodiment acquires battery dynamic data during the use of the target battery and battery operation data sent by the operating terminal when the target battery is in an offline environment. It verifies the battery dynamic data and battery operation data based on a cross-layer hash chain, storing them only in the extended storage area of ​​the battery management chip upon successful verification. This helps improve the reliability of battery dynamic data and battery operation data acquired offline, ensuring the reliability of subsequent battery passport updates when the network is unstable.

[0064] refer to Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the battery passport offline management device provided in this application. The battery passport offline management device includes: The generation module 10 is used to acquire the battery factory data of the target battery during the production process of the target battery, and store the battery factory data in the non-erasable and rewritable storage area of ​​the battery management chip to generate the battery passport of the target battery. The update module 20 is used to acquire battery dynamic data and battery operation data of the target battery during the use and operation process of the target battery in a network-free environment, generate the use and operation information of the target battery based on the battery dynamic data and the battery operation data, and update the battery passport based on the use and operation information.

[0065] It is understood that the battery passport offline management device in this embodiment corresponds to the battery passport offline management method in the above embodiment. The options in the above embodiment are also applicable to this embodiment, so they will not be described again here.

[0066] This application also provides a computer device, exemplary of which includes a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to enable the computer device to perform the functions of the various modules in the above-described battery passport offline management method or the above-described battery passport offline management device.

[0067] The processor can be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. The processor can be a general-purpose processor, including at least one of a Central Processing Unit (CPU), Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), Network Processor (NP), Digital Signal Processor (DSP), Application-Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor, capable of implementing or executing the methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of this application.

[0068] The memory can be, but is not limited to, Random Access Memory (RAM), Read Only Memory (ROM), Programmable Read-Only Memory (PROM), Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EPROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM), etc. The memory is used to store computer programs, and the processor can execute the computer programs accordingly after receiving execution instructions.

[0069] This application also provides a battery that stores a computer program, which is executed during charging to implement the above-described battery passport offline management method.

[0070] This application also provides a computer storage medium for storing the computer program used in the aforementioned computer device. The computer storage medium can be a readable storage medium, a non-volatile storage medium, or a volatile storage medium. For example, the computer storage medium may include, but is not limited to, various media capable of storing program code, such as a USB flash drive, a portable hard drive, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0071] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and methods can also be implemented in other ways. The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings show the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of apparatus, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of this application. In this regard, each block in a flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, segment, or portion of code containing one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. It should also be noted that, in alternative implementations, the functions marked in the blocks may occur in a different order than those marked in the drawings. For example, two consecutive blocks may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in the block diagram and / or flowchart, and combinations of blocks in the block diagram and / or flowchart, can be implemented using a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified function or action, or using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0072] In addition, the functional modules or units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated together to form an independent part, or each module can exist independently, or two or more modules can be integrated to form an independent part.

[0073] If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional modules and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a smartphone, personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application.

[0074] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A method for offline management of battery passports, characterized in that, The method is applied to the battery management chip of the target battery, and the method includes: During the production process of the target battery, the battery factory data of the target battery is acquired and stored in the non-erasable memory area of ​​the battery management chip to generate the battery passport of the target battery. When the network connection status of the target battery is unavailable, acquire the battery dynamic data and battery operation data of the target battery, generate the usage and operation information of the target battery based on the battery dynamic data and the battery operation data, and update the battery passport based on the usage and operation information.

2. The offline battery passport management method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The target battery surface is provided with a query code for retrieving the battery passport, and the method further includes: When the query terminal scans the query code, the query request from the query terminal is received, and a communication connection is established with the query terminal. The updated battery passport will be sent to the query terminal for display.

3. The battery passport offline management method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: When the network connection status of the target battery is available, the battery passport and the usage and operation information are uploaded to the battery passport cloud platform so that the battery passport cloud platform can update the battery passport.

4. The battery passport offline management method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery management chip is communicatively connected to the factory system of the target battery. The step of acquiring the battery factory data of the target battery and storing the battery factory data in the non-erasable memory area of ​​the battery management chip includes: The system receives encrypted battery manufacturing data sent by the target battery's manufacturing system. The encrypted battery manufacturing data is generated by the target battery's manufacturing system encrypting the battery manufacturing data and data signature using a preset private key. The data signature is generated by the target battery's manufacturing system based on the battery manufacturing data and the chip code of the battery management chip. The battery factory encryption data is decrypted using a preset public key to obtain the data signature and the battery factory data, and a reference data signature is determined based on the battery factory data and the chip code of the battery management chip. The decrypted data signature is compared with the data signature. If the comparison is successful, the battery factory data is stored in the non-erasable memory area of ​​the battery management chip.

5. The offline battery passport management method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of generating the battery passport for the target battery includes: Obtain the battery passport number and establish a binding record between the battery passport number and the chip code of the battery management chip; Based on the binding record, the battery factory data, and the preset battery passport template, a battery passport for the target battery is generated.

6. The battery passport offline management method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of acquiring battery dynamic data and battery operation data of the target battery when the network connection status of the target battery is unavailable includes: During the use of the target battery, the status information of the target battery is periodically collected and analyzed to obtain the battery dynamic data of the target battery. When the network connection of the target battery is unavailable, near-field communication is performed with a trusted mobile operator terminal to obtain the battery operation data of the target battery.

7. The battery passport offline management method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After the step of generating the usage and operation information of the target battery based on the battery dynamic data and the battery operation data, the following steps are included: The battery dynamic data and the battery operation data are merged to generate the usage and operation information of the target battery; The cross-layer hash chain is updated based on the usage operation information, and the usage operation information is verified based on the cross-layer hash chain. The cross-layer hash chain records the hash values ​​of all data stored in the battery management chip. If the verification passes, the usage and operation information will be stored in the extended storage area of ​​the battery management chip.

8. A battery passport offline management device, characterized in that, The battery passport offline management device includes: The generation module is used to acquire the battery factory data of the target battery during the production process of the target battery, and store the battery factory data in the non-erasable and rewritable storage area of ​​the battery management chip to generate the battery passport of the target battery. The update module is used to acquire battery dynamic data and battery operation data of the target battery when the network connection status of the target battery is unavailable, generate usage and operation information of the target battery based on the battery dynamic data and the battery operation data, and update the battery passport based on the usage and operation information.

9. A computer device, characterized in that, The computer device stores a computer program, which is used to execute the computer program to implement the battery passport offline management method according to any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when run on a processor, executes the battery passport offline management method according to any one of claims 1-7.

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