Battery energy storage container and thermal runaway early warning and fire fighting system thereof
By using battery management components and intelligent data processing models to detect the risk of thermal runaway in advance of battery storage containers, the high cost and lag of existing fire protection systems are solved, enabling early identification and timely handling of thermal runaway, thus reducing risks and costs.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511820303.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-04
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-21
AI Technical Summary
Existing fire protection systems are costly and have a lag in assessing thermal runaway, making it impossible to detect the risk of thermal runaway in its early stages, resulting in poor fire protection effectiveness.
The battery management component collects the battery pack's operating parameters, uses an intelligent data processing model to generate a thermal runaway risk assessment report, and sends control commands through the central control component to control the actions of the fire-fighting components, including frequency adjustment of combustible gas detectors and fire-fighting components and spraying of extinguishing media.
It enables early identification of thermal runaway risks, reduces the risk of thermal runaway, improves the accuracy and timeliness of fire protection systems, and reduces costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN121905995A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of energy storage technology, and in particular to a battery energy storage container and its thermal runaway early warning and fire protection system. Background Technology
[0002] With the increasing urgency of energy structure transformation and the development of clean energy, energy storage technology is being applied more and more widely in power systems. Containerized battery energy storage systems are favored for their portability and rapid deployment capabilities, especially in the field of power energy storage. However, as the scale of energy storage and the number of batteries increase, the risk of thermal runaway within the container is also constantly rising.
[0003] Specifically, lithium-ion batteries are at risk of thermal runaway during charging and discharging, especially under abuse conditions such as overheating, overcharging, or short circuits. Thermal runaway can occur inside the battery due to heat accumulation, leading to fires or even explosions.
[0004] In related technical solutions, containerized battery energy storage systems are generally equipped with fire protection systems. These systems mainly rely on smoke and temperature sensors to detect thermal runaway. This method often requires the installation of additional monitoring modules in the battery pack, which not only increases costs but may also affect the overall performance of the system. The detection of thermal runaway is delayed, making it impossible to detect the risk of thermal runaway in its early stages, resulting in poor fire protection effectiveness. Summary of the Invention
[0005] This invention provides a battery energy storage container and its thermal runaway early warning and fire protection system to solve the problems of high cost, delayed judgment of thermal runaway, inability to detect thermal runaway risk in the early stage, and poor fire protection effect of existing fire protection systems.
[0006] This invention provides a thermal runaway early warning and fire protection system for a battery energy storage container, comprising: Fire protection components; The battery management component is used to collect the operating parameters of each battery pack; A central control component is connected to both the battery management component and the fire suppression component. The central control component is equipped with an intelligent data processing model. When the operating parameters of any battery pack exceed a parameter threshold, the central control component obtains a thermal runaway risk assessment report generated by the intelligent data processing model based on the operating parameters of each battery pack, and sends a control command corresponding to the thermal runaway risk assessment report to the fire suppression component.
[0007] The thermal runaway early warning and fire protection system for battery energy storage containers provided by this invention includes operating parameters for each battery pack, including cell voltage data and cell temperature data. The central control component is specifically used for: The voltage data and temperature data of the cells corresponding to each battery pack are input into the intelligent data processing model to obtain the thermal runaway risk assessment report output by the intelligent data processing model. The intelligent data processing model is trained based on voltage data samples of the battery cell, temperature data samples of the battery cell, and thermal runaway risk assessment reports corresponding to the voltage data samples and temperature data samples of the battery cell.
[0008] The thermal runaway early warning and fire protection system for battery storage containers provided by this invention, wherein the central control component is specifically used for: Based on the assessment result of the thermal runaway risk assessment report, which is determined to be low risk, a first control command is sent to the fire suppression component. The first control command is used to instruct the battery storage container to operate normally. Based on the assessment result of the thermal runaway risk assessment report, which is determined to be of medium risk, a second control command is sent to the fire suppression component. The second control command is used to indicate that there is an anomaly in the battery storage container. Based on the assessment result of the thermal runaway risk assessment report, which indicates a high risk, a third control command is sent to the fire suppression component. The third control command is used to indicate that a thermal runaway event has occurred in the battery storage container.
[0009] The thermal runaway early warning and fire-fighting system for battery energy storage containers provided by this invention includes a fire-fighting component comprising a combustible gas detector and fire-fighting parts, wherein the fire-fighting component is specifically used for: Upon receiving the first control command, the combustible gas detector is controlled to detect the combustible gas concentration at the default detection frequency, and the fire-fighting component does not respond. Upon receiving the second control command, the combustible gas detector is controlled to detect the combustible gas concentration at a first detection frequency to obtain the current combustible gas concentration. The target switch in the battery energy storage container is then turned on to control the battery energy storage container to stop charging and discharging. The first detection frequency is higher than the default detection frequency. Upon receiving the third control command and if the detected concentration of combustible gas is greater than a preset concentration, the fire-fighting component is controlled to spray extinguishing medium into the area where the battery pack is located as indicated by the third control command.
[0010] The present invention provides a thermal runaway early warning and fire protection system for a battery energy storage container, wherein the fire protection components include a main pipe, a cluster pipe, a branch pipe, and a nozzle array formed by nozzles; The main pipe is connected to the cluster pipe, the cluster pipe is connected to the branch pipe, the branch pipe is connected to the nozzle, and a solenoid valve is installed on the branch pipe. When the fire-fighting component is controlled to spray fire extinguishing medium into the area where the battery pack is located as indicated by the third control command, the target solenoid valve is opened. The target solenoid valve is the solenoid valve corresponding to the area where the battery pack is located, as indicated by the third control command.
[0011] The present invention provides a thermal runaway early warning and fire protection system for a battery energy storage container. The battery energy storage container includes multiple battery clusters, each battery cluster includes one or more battery packs, and the battery management component includes battery management sub-components corresponding one-to-one with the multiple battery clusters. Each battery management sub-component includes a battery management controller, multiple cell temperature sensors and multiple cell voltage sensors. The battery management controller is connected to the cell temperature sensor and the cell voltage sensor respectively, so as to control the cell voltage sensor to collect the cell voltage in the corresponding battery pack to obtain the cell voltage data, and control the cell temperature sensor to collect the cell temperature in the corresponding battery pack to obtain the cell temperature data.
[0012] The thermal runaway early warning and fire protection system for battery energy storage containers provided by this invention, wherein the central control component is further used for: Based on sending a second control command to the fire-fighting component, a first reminder message is sent to the target terminal, the first reminder message being used to instruct the battery storage container to stop charging and discharging; Based on sending a third control command to the fire protection component, a second reminder message is sent to the target terminal. The second reminder message is used to indicate that the battery storage container has a thermal runaway event and has been dealt with. The target terminal is either an energy storage control platform or a terminal held by maintenance personnel that interacts with the battery energy storage container.
[0013] The thermal runaway early warning and fire protection system for battery energy storage containers provided by this invention, wherein the central control component is further used for: Based on sending a third control command to the fire-fighting component, the detected combustible gas concentration, the battery pack indicated by the third control command, and the operating parameters of the fire-fighting component are recorded. The operating parameters include the spray start time, the end time, and the spray volume of the extinguishing medium. A thermal runaway event record is generated based on the detected combustible gas concentration, the battery pack indicated by the third control command, and the operating parameters of the fire-fighting components; Store the thermal runaway event record.
[0014] The thermal runaway early warning and fire protection system for battery storage containers provided by this invention further includes: A heat insulation element is located between two adjacent battery clusters.
[0015] The present invention provides a battery energy storage container, comprising: a plurality of battery clusters, each of the battery clusters comprising one or more battery packs; and a thermal runaway early warning and fire protection system for the battery energy storage container as described in any one of the above-mentioned embodiments.
[0016] The battery storage container and its thermal runaway early warning and fire suppression system provided by this invention collect the operating parameters of each battery pack through a battery management component. This allows for the early detection of thermal runaway risks using these parameters. During this process, no additional monitoring modules are required. The system accurately identifies the current level of thermal runaway risk in the battery storage container, generates a thermal runaway risk assessment report, and sends control commands corresponding to the assessment report to the fire suppression component to control its operation. By utilizing the battery pack's operating parameters to detect thermal runaway risks in advance, this system improves the accuracy of thermal runaway detection while reducing the risk of thermal runaway. Attached Figure Description
[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.
[0018] Figure 1 This is one of the schematic block diagrams of the thermal runaway early warning and fire protection system for battery energy storage containers provided by the present invention; Figure 2 This is the second schematic block diagram of the thermal runaway early warning and fire protection system for battery energy storage containers provided by the present invention.
[0019] Figure label: 10. Fire protection components; 101. Combustible gas detector; 102. Fire protection parts; 20. Battery management components; 30. Central control components; 301. Intelligent data processing model. Detailed Implementation
[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.
[0021] It should be noted that in the description of this invention, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element. The terms "upper," "lower," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly, for example, as a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; or a connection within two elements. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.
[0022] The following is combined with Figure 1 and Figure 2 The present invention describes a battery energy storage container and its thermal runaway early warning and fire protection system, which solves the problems of high cost, delayed fire alarm judgment, inability to detect thermal runaway risks in the early stage, and poor fire protection effect of existing fire protection systems.
[0023] Figure 1 This is one of the schematic block diagrams of the thermal runaway early warning and fire protection system for battery energy storage containers provided by the present invention. Figure 2 This is the second schematic block diagram of the thermal runaway early warning and fire protection system for battery energy storage containers provided by the present invention, as shown below. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the thermal runaway early warning and fire suppression system for the battery storage container includes: Firefighting component 10; Battery management component 20 is used to collect the operating parameters of each battery pack; The central control component 30 is connected to the battery management component 20 and the fire protection component 10 respectively. The central control component 30 is equipped with an intelligent data processing model 301. When the operating parameters of any battery pack exceed the parameter threshold, the central control component 300 obtains the thermal runaway risk assessment report generated by the intelligent data processing model 301 based on the operating parameters of each battery pack, and sends the control command corresponding to the thermal runaway risk assessment report to the fire protection component 10.
[0024] In this embodiment, the battery management component 20 collects the operating parameters of each battery pack to detect thermal runaway risks in advance. This eliminates the need for additional monitoring modules, thus reducing costs and improving the performance of the thermal runaway early warning and fire suppression system. Simultaneously, it accurately identifies the current thermal runaway risk level of the battery storage container, generates a thermal runaway risk assessment report, and sends control commands corresponding to the report to the fire suppression component 10 to control its operation. This process utilizes the battery pack's operating parameters to detect thermal runaway risks in advance, improving the accuracy of thermal runaway detection and reducing the risk of thermal runaway.
[0025] Since the operating parameters of the battery pack are obtained by detecting each battery pack, in the event of thermal runaway, the battery pack experiencing thermal runaway can be accurately located, and then the fire-fighting component 10 can be used to deal with the thermal runaway battery pack. In this process, accurate assessment and timely warning of thermal runaway risk are achieved, improving the problem that traditional fire-fighting systems are slow to detect thermal runaway faults in a timely manner.
[0026] In some embodiments, the central control component 30 includes a main controller and multiple input / output (I / O) interfaces, wherein the main controller is used to perform data acquisition, processing and analysis, and the I / O interfaces are used to communicate with the battery management component 20 and the fire protection component 10.
[0027] In some embodiments, the main controller is an industrial-grade embedded computer.
[0028] In some embodiments, the operating parameters of each battery pack include cell voltage data and cell temperature data. The central control component 30 is specifically used for: The voltage and temperature data of the cells corresponding to each battery pack are input into the intelligent data processing model 301 to obtain the thermal runaway risk assessment report output by the intelligent data processing model 301. Among them, the intelligent data processing model 301 is a model trained based on the voltage data samples of the battery cell, the temperature data samples of the battery cell, and the thermal runaway risk assessment report corresponding to the voltage data samples and temperature data samples of the battery cell.
[0029] In this embodiment, an intelligent data processing model 301 is trained in advance using voltage data samples, temperature data samples, and thermal runaway risk assessment reports corresponding to the battery cell's voltage and temperature data samples. This allows the intelligent data processing model 301 to establish the relationship between the battery cell's temperature field and voltage trend after the battery cell's voltage and temperature data are input into it, thereby providing a predicted thermal runaway risk assessment report. In this process, the intelligent data processing model 301 can directly generate the thermal runaway risk assessment report without the need for maintenance personnel, improving the efficiency of generating the thermal runaway risk assessment report and providing a foundation for detecting and promptly handling thermal runaway events.
[0030] Since the intelligent data processing model 301 is a model trained based on the voltage data samples, temperature data samples, and thermal runaway risk assessment reports of the battery cells, it can analyze the temperature field and voltage trend of the battery cells, establish a database of the relationship between temperature and voltage, provide a scientific basis and reliable data support for the early identification and assessment of battery thermal runaway, and improve the intelligence level of the system.
[0031] In some embodiments, the central control component 30 includes a data preprocessing module, an intelligent data processing model 301, and a database module.
[0032] Before inputting the cell's voltage and temperature data into the intelligent data processing model 301, the following steps are also included: A data preprocessing module is used to preprocess the voltage and temperature data of the battery cell, so that the preprocessed voltage and temperature data of the battery cell can be input into the intelligent data processing model 301.
[0033] The database module is used to store analysis results and historical data.
[0034] In some embodiments, the intelligent data processing model 301 may be a machine learning classification / regression model or a deep learning model, such as a recurrent neural network or a convolutional neural network.
[0035] In some embodiments, the central control component 30 is specifically used for: Based on the assessment result of the thermal runaway risk assessment report, which indicates a low risk, a first control command is sent to the fire suppression component 10. The first control command is used to instruct the battery storage container to operate normally. Based on the assessment result of the thermal runaway risk assessment report, which is determined to be of medium risk, a second control command is sent to the fire-fighting component 10. The second control command is used to indicate that there is an anomaly in the battery storage container. Based on the assessment result of the thermal runaway risk assessment report, which indicates a high risk, a third control command is sent to the fire suppression component 10. The third control command is used to indicate that there is a thermal runaway event in the battery storage container.
[0036] In this embodiment, based on the risk level corresponding to the assessment results determined in the thermal runaway risk assessment report, different control commands are sent to the fire suppression system 10. Clearly, the fire suppression system 10 can be controlled to perform different actions based on the thermal runaway risk of the battery storage container. Specifically, when the assessment result is low risk, sending the first control command can avoid unnecessary system interference and malfunctions, ensure the continuous and stable operation of the energy storage power station, maximize economic benefits, make the thermal runaway early warning and fire suppression system of the battery storage container more reliable, and prevent the problem of reduced availability due to excessive defense.
[0037] In cases where the assessment result is medium risk, early warning can be achieved by sending a second control command.
[0038] In some embodiments, upon sending a second control command to the fire suppression component 10, the charging and discharging power of the battery storage container is reduced to decrease the risk of thermal runaway. Clearly, at this stage, thermal runaway can be nipped in the bud, preventing property damage and downtime. This achieves predictive maintenance, shifting from the traditional "repair after it breaks" approach to "predicting failure and intervening in advance."
[0039] In cases where the assessment result indicates a high risk, a third control command is sent to indicate the existence of a thermal runaway event, thereby enabling timely handling of the thermal runaway event and reducing the losses caused by thermal runaway.
[0040] In some embodiments, low risk, medium risk and high risk are represented by level three risk, level two risk and level one risk, respectively. That is, based on the assessment result determined by the thermal runaway risk assessment report, the risk is level three, and a first control command is sent to the fire-fighting component 10. The first control command is used to instruct the battery energy storage container to operate normally. Based on the assessment result determined by the thermal runaway risk assessment report as a level 2 risk, a second control command is sent to the fire protection component 10. The second control command is used to indicate that there is an anomaly in the battery storage container. Based on the assessment result determined by the thermal runaway risk assessment report as a Level 1 risk, a third control command is sent to the fire suppression component 10. The third control command is used to indicate that there is a thermal runaway event in the battery storage container.
[0041] In some embodiments, the fire-fighting assembly 10 includes a combustible gas detector 101 and a fire-fighting component 102, and the fire-fighting assembly 10 is specifically used for: Upon receiving the first control command, the combustible gas detector 101 is controlled to detect the combustible gas concentration at the default detection frequency, and the fire-fighting component 102 does not respond. Upon receiving the second control command, the combustible gas detector 101 is controlled to detect the combustible gas concentration according to the first detection frequency to obtain the current combustible gas concentration. The target switch in the battery energy storage container is then turned on to control the battery energy storage container to stop charging and discharging. The first detection frequency is higher than the default detection frequency. Upon receiving a third control command and if the detected concentration of combustible gas is greater than a preset concentration, the fire-fighting component 102 is controlled to spray extinguishing medium into the area where the battery pack is located as indicated by the third control command.
[0042] In this embodiment, as described above, when the assessment result is low risk, by responding to the first control command, the fire-fighting component 102 can be made to not respond, while the combustible gas detector 101 detects the combustible gas concentration at the default detection frequency. This can achieve the detection of combustible gas concentration while reducing system power consumption, reducing component wear, extending the service life of the combustible gas detector 101, and reducing the frequency and cost of maintenance and replacement.
[0043] In cases where the assessment result is medium risk, the combustible gas detector 101 is controlled to detect the concentration of combustible gas at the first detection frequency. In order to reduce the occurrence of thermal runaway events, the target switch in the battery energy storage container is turned on to control the battery energy storage container to stop charging and discharging.
[0044] When the battery storage container is controlled to stop charging and discharging, its operating state can be changed to prevent it from continuing to charge and discharge under abnormal conditions, which could lead to further deterioration of the battery pack and ultimately thermal runaway. In some embodiments, the target switch is a charge / discharge control switch connected between the battery pack and the charge / discharge circuit.
[0045] By calling the combustible gas detector 101 to detect combustible gas concentration at a higher frequency, abnormal combustible gas concentration can be detected in a timely manner, and abnormal combustible gas concentration can be discovered in a timely manner.
[0046] In cases where a third control command is received and the detected concentration of combustible gas exceeds a preset level, it signifies that thermal runaway has occurred or is about to occur, creating an emergency. At this point, fire suppression intervention is implemented as quickly as possible, directly activating fire suppression unit 102 to spray, ensuring the system's absolute reliability in critical moments.
[0047] The combustible gas detector 101 includes any one of the following: Hydrogen detector, carbon monoxide detector, detector for detecting hydrocarbons, detector for detecting the vapor of electrolyte solvents.
[0048] The hydrocarbon can be one or more of methane, ethane, ethylene, propane, and propylene.
[0049] The electrolyte solvent can be dimethyl carbonate or diethyl carbonate.
[0050] The preset concentration is the safe threshold concentration of combustible gas.
[0051] The thermal runaway early warning and fire-fighting system for battery energy storage containers provided by the present invention includes a fire-fighting component 102 comprising a main pipe, a cluster pipe, a branch pipe, and a nozzle array formed by nozzles. The main pipe is connected to the cluster pipe, the cluster pipe is connected to the branch pipe, the branch pipe is connected to the nozzle, and a solenoid valve is installed on the branch pipe. When the fire-fighting components spray extinguishing media into the area where the battery pack is located as indicated by the third control command, the target solenoid valve is opened. The target solenoid valve is the solenoid valve corresponding to the area where the battery pack is located, as indicated by the third control command.
[0052] In this embodiment, the main pipe, cluster pipe, and branch pipes are connected to form a space covering the entire battery storage container. When connected to the nozzle array, this space covers the battery packs inside the container, allowing for accurate spraying of the battery packs when necessary. This process achieves localized and precise spraying, ensuring effective spraying while conserving extinguishing media.
[0053] In some embodiments, the extinguishing agent is perfluorohexanone.
[0054] In the above embodiments, the flow of fire extinguishing medium in the branch pipe can be controlled by using a solenoid valve installed on the branch pipe, thereby controlling the spraying of the fire extinguishing medium.
[0055] In some embodiments, the battery storage container includes multiple battery clusters, each battery cluster includes one or more battery packs, and the battery management component 20 includes battery management sub-components corresponding to the multiple battery clusters one by one. Each battery management sub-component includes a battery management controller, multiple cell temperature sensors and multiple cell voltage sensors. The battery management controller is connected to the cell temperature sensor and the cell voltage sensor respectively. It controls the cell voltage sensor to collect the cell voltage in the corresponding battery pack to obtain the cell voltage data, and controls the cell temperature sensor to collect the cell temperature in the corresponding battery pack to obtain the cell temperature data.
[0056] In this embodiment, the battery management component 20 includes battery management sub-components corresponding to multiple battery clusters. Each battery management sub-component includes a battery management controller, multiple cell temperature sensors, and multiple cell voltage sensors. Obviously, the multiple cell temperature sensors and multiple cell voltage sensors can be used to collect the cell voltage and cell temperature of the cells in the battery pack, thereby realizing cell-level early warning.
[0057] Specifically, thermal runaway often originates from the failure of a single battery cell. This "cell-level" monitoring can detect thermal runaway before a chain reaction is triggered, greatly improving early warning capabilities.
[0058] The thermal runaway early warning and fire protection system for battery storage containers provided by this invention also includes a central control component for: Based on sending a second control command to the fire protection component, a first reminder message is sent to the target terminal. The first reminder message is used to instruct the battery storage container to stop charging and discharging. Based on sending a third control command to the fire protection component, a second reminder message is sent to the target terminal. The second reminder message is used to indicate that there is a thermal runaway event in the battery storage container and that it has been dealt with. The target terminal is the energy storage control platform or the terminal held by the operation and maintenance personnel that interacts with the battery energy storage container.
[0059] In this embodiment, by sending a first reminder message and a second reminder message, the thermal runaway warning and handling status of the battery energy storage container can be promptly fed back to the target terminal so that the personnel using the target terminal can be informed.
[0060] During this process, it is convenient for personnel at the target terminal to be informed of the operation status of the battery energy storage container in a timely manner, and to maintain the battery energy storage container in a timely manner after a thermal runaway event occurs, thereby reducing the impact of the thermal runaway event.
[0061] In some embodiments, the central control component is further configured to: Based on sending a third control command to the fire-fighting component, the detected combustible gas concentration, the battery pack indicated by the third control command, and the operating parameters of the fire-fighting component are recorded. The operating parameters include the spray start time, the end time, and the spray volume of the extinguishing medium. A thermal runaway event record is generated based on the detected combustible gas concentration, the operating parameters of the battery pack and fire-fighting components indicated by the third control command; Store records of thermal runaway events.
[0062] In this embodiment, thermal runaway event records are generated and stored so that maintenance personnel can perform maintenance on the battery storage container based on the thermal runaway event records. This allows for timely maintenance of the battery storage container after a thermal runaway event occurs, reducing the impact of the thermal runaway event.
[0063] In addition, the extinguishing medium can be replenished in a timely manner based on the thermal runaway event records, ensuring the reliability of the thermal runaway early warning and fire protection system of the battery energy storage container.
[0064] In some embodiments, the thermal runaway early warning and fire suppression system for battery storage containers further includes: The heat insulation component is located between two adjacent battery clusters.
[0065] In this embodiment, by providing a heat insulation component, the heat from thermal runaway can be prevented from being transferred to other battery clusters, thus avoiding a larger-scale fire.
[0066] In some embodiments, the heat insulation element is a heat insulation layer made by pressing high-temperature resistant aluminum silicate fiber felt material, wherein the thickness of the heat insulation layer is 50mm-200mm.
[0067] In some embodiments, the battery storage container includes a battery management system (BMS) for several battery clusters, which is the battery management sub-component in this invention. Each battery cluster BMS includes 8 battery packs, and each battery pack contains 52 lithium-ion batteries.
[0068] The battery pack has a rated voltage of 182V and a rated capacity of 100Ah, 500Ah, or 314Ah. The cell temperature sensor uses an existing model with a measurement range of -40℃ to 200℃; the cell voltage sensor uses an existing model with a measurement range of 0V to 5V.
[0069] The main controller of the central control unit adopts an industrial-grade embedded computer. The I / O interfaces include multiple RS485 interfaces, one or more CAN bus interfaces, one or more Ethernet interfaces, and multiple digital input / output interfaces.
[0070] EIA-485 (formerly known as RS-485 or RS485) is a communication standard, while RS485 interface is an application of RS485 interface.
[0071] Controller Area Network (CAN) is a serial communication protocol bus used for real-time applications, and the CAN bus interface is the interface for using Controller Area Network.
[0072] The main pipe of the fire-fighting component has an inner diameter of DN25, the cluster pipe has an inner diameter of DN15, and the branch pipe has an inner diameter of DN10. The nozzle array consists of 12 nozzles, which are used to spray perfluorohexanone granules with a particle size of 2μm-5μm and a nozzle diameter of 0.3-0.5mm.
[0073] The data preprocessing module uses existing software to normalize the data; the intelligent data processing model uses deep learning algorithms and is implemented using the TensorFlow framework, with 1 million training samples. After training, the model is saved on a solid-state drive; the database module uses a MySQL database management system to store historical data and real-time monitoring data.
[0074] The combustible gas detector has a gas detection range of 0ppm-1000ppm and a sensitivity of 5ppm / V.
[0075] In some embodiments, the battery storage container includes a battery management system (BMS) for four battery clusters, which is the battery management sub-component in this invention. Each battery cluster BMS includes 16 battery packs, and each battery pack contains 26 lithium-ion batteries.
[0076] The battery pack has a rated voltage of 96V and a rated capacity of 100Ah, 500Ah, or 314Ah. The cell temperature sensor is a platinum resistance temperature sensor with a measurement range of -40℃ to 200℃; the cell voltage sensor is a standard voltage sensor with a measurement range of 0V to 5V.
[0077] The main controller of the central control unit adopts an industrial-grade embedded computer. The I / O interface includes multiple Ethernet interfaces, one or more RS485 interfaces, one or more CAN bus interfaces, and multiple digital input / output interfaces.
[0078] The main pipe of the fire-fighting component has an inner diameter of DN40, the cluster pipe has an inner diameter of DN25, and the branch pipe has an inner diameter of DN15. The nozzle array consists of 16 nozzles, which are used to spray perfluorohexanone granules with a particle size of 1μm-3μm and a nozzle diameter of 0.2-0.4mm.
[0079] The data preprocessing module uses existing software to normalize the data; the intelligent data processing model uses deep learning algorithms and is implemented using the PyTorch framework, with 2 million training sample data points. After training, the model is saved on a solid-state drive; the database module uses the PostgreSQL database management system to store historical data and real-time monitoring data.
[0080] The combustible gas detector has a gas detection range of 0ppm-5000ppm and a sensitivity of 1ppm / V.
[0081] In some embodiments, a battery storage container is provided, comprising: a plurality of battery clusters, each battery cluster comprising one or more battery packs; and a thermal runaway early warning and fire suppression system for the battery storage container as described above.
[0082] In this embodiment, the battery management component collects the operating parameters of each battery pack to detect thermal runaway risks in advance. This process eliminates the need for additional monitoring modules and accurately identifies the current level of thermal runaway risk in the battery storage container. A thermal runaway risk assessment report is then generated, and control commands corresponding to the report are sent to the fire suppression system to control its operation. By utilizing the battery pack's operating parameters to detect thermal runaway risks in advance, the lag in thermal runaway detection is reduced, thus mitigating the risk of thermal runaway.
[0083] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims
1. A thermal runaway early warning and fire protection system for a battery energy storage container, characterized in that, include: Fire protection components; The battery management component is used to collect the operating parameters of each battery pack; A central control component is connected to both the battery management component and the fire suppression component. The central control component is equipped with an intelligent data processing model. When the operating parameters of any battery pack exceed a parameter threshold, the central control component obtains a thermal runaway risk assessment report generated by the intelligent data processing model based on the operating parameters of each battery pack, and sends a control command corresponding to the thermal runaway risk assessment report to the fire suppression component.
2. The thermal runaway early warning and fire protection system for battery energy storage containers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The operating parameters of each battery pack include the voltage data and temperature data of the battery cells. The intelligent data processing model is specifically used for: The voltage data and temperature data of the cells corresponding to each battery pack are input into the intelligent data processing model to obtain the thermal runaway risk assessment report output by the intelligent data processing model. The intelligent data processing model is trained based on voltage data samples of the battery cell, temperature data samples of the battery cell, and thermal runaway risk assessment reports corresponding to the voltage data samples and temperature data samples of the battery cell.
3. The thermal runaway early warning and fire protection system for battery energy storage containers according to claim 2, characterized in that, The central control component is specifically used for: Based on the assessment result of the thermal runaway risk assessment report, which is determined to be low risk, a first control command is sent to the fire suppression component. The first control command is used to instruct the battery storage container to operate normally. Based on the assessment result of the thermal runaway risk assessment report, which is determined to be of medium risk, a second control command is sent to the fire suppression component. The second control command is used to indicate that there is an anomaly in the battery storage container. Based on the assessment result of the thermal runaway risk assessment report, which indicates a high risk, a third control command is sent to the fire suppression component. The third control command is used to indicate that a thermal runaway event has occurred in the battery storage container.
4. The thermal runaway early warning and fire protection system for battery energy storage containers according to claim 3, characterized in that, The fire-fighting assembly includes a combustible gas detector and fire-fighting components, and the fire-fighting assembly is specifically used for: Upon receiving the first control command, the combustible gas detector is controlled to detect the combustible gas concentration at the default detection frequency, and the fire-fighting component does not respond. Upon receiving the second control command, the combustible gas detector is controlled to detect the combustible gas concentration at a first detection frequency to obtain the current combustible gas concentration. The target switch in the battery energy storage container is then turned on to control the battery energy storage container to stop charging and discharging. The first detection frequency is higher than the default detection frequency. Upon receiving the third control command and if the detected concentration of combustible gas is greater than a preset concentration, the fire-fighting component is controlled to spray extinguishing medium into the area where the battery pack is located as indicated by the third control command.
5. The thermal runaway early warning and fire protection system for battery energy storage containers according to claim 4, characterized in that, The fire-fighting components include main pipes, cluster pipes, branch pipes, and a nozzle array formed by sprinklers; The main pipe is connected to the cluster pipe, the cluster pipe is connected to the branch pipe, the branch pipe is connected to the nozzle, and a solenoid valve is installed on the branch pipe. When the fire-fighting component is controlled to spray fire extinguishing medium into the area where the battery pack is located as indicated by the third control command, the target solenoid valve is opened. The target solenoid valve is the solenoid valve corresponding to the area where the battery pack is located, as indicated by the third control command.
6. The thermal runaway early warning and fire suppression system for battery energy storage containers according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that, The battery storage container includes multiple battery clusters, each battery cluster includes one or more battery packs, and the battery management component includes battery management sub-components corresponding one-to-one with the multiple battery clusters. Each battery management sub-component includes a battery management controller, multiple cell temperature sensors and multiple cell voltage sensors. The battery management controller is connected to the cell temperature sensor and the cell voltage sensor respectively, so as to control the cell voltage sensor to collect the cell voltage in the corresponding battery pack to obtain the cell voltage data, and control the cell temperature sensor to collect the cell temperature in the corresponding battery pack to obtain the cell temperature data.
7. The thermal runaway early warning and fire protection system for battery energy storage containers according to claim 3, characterized in that, The central control component is also used for: Based on sending a second control command to the fire-fighting component, a first reminder message is sent to the target terminal, the first reminder message being used to instruct the battery storage container to stop charging and discharging; Based on sending a third control command to the fire protection component, a second reminder message is sent to the target terminal. The second reminder message is used to indicate that the battery storage container has a thermal runaway event and has been dealt with. The target terminal is either an energy storage control platform that interacts with the battery energy storage container or a terminal held by maintenance personnel.
8. The thermal runaway early warning and fire protection system for battery energy storage containers according to claim 4, characterized in that, The central control component is also used for: Based on sending a third control command to the fire-fighting component, the detected combustible gas concentration, the battery pack indicated by the third control command, and the operating parameters of the fire-fighting component are recorded, including the spray start time, end time, and spray volume of the extinguishing medium. A thermal runaway event record is generated based on the detected combustible gas concentration, the battery pack indicated by the third control command, and the operating parameters of the fire-fighting components; Store the thermal runaway event record.
9. The thermal runaway early warning and fire protection system for battery energy storage containers according to claim 7, characterized in that, The thermal runaway early warning and fire protection system of the battery energy storage container also includes: A heat insulation element is located between two adjacent battery clusters.
10. A battery energy storage container, characterized in that, include: Multiple battery clusters, each of which includes one or more battery packs; Thermal runaway early warning and fire protection system for battery energy storage containers as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.