Single-cluster energy storage temperature control direct cooling system

Abstract

The invention relates to a single-cluster energy storage temperature control direct cooling system which comprises a main refrigerant circulation loop formed by sequentially connecting a compressor, a four-way valve, a condenser, a throttling element and a cold plate unit through a refrigerant pipeline, and the cold plate unit comprises a PCS cold plate and a battery cold plate set in a single-cluster battery cabin; the bypass branch is connected between the refrigeration outlet end of the condenser and the air suction end of the compressor, and a flow adjusting device used for controlling the bypass flow of a refrigerant is connected to the bypass branch in series; the dehumidification evaporator is connected to the bypass branch in series, and a dehumidification fan is installed corresponding to the dehumidification evaporator; and the control unit is configured to adjust the opening degree of the flow control device according to a bypass condition and / or a dehumidification condition. The bypass branch is arranged, the dehumidification evaporator is connected to the bypass branch in series, the cooling and heating functions of the cold plate unit are achieved, meanwhile, the dehumidification function in the cabin is achieved, the system structure is greatly simplified, and the system cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of energy storage temperature control technology, and in particular to a single-cluster energy storage temperature control direct cooling system. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of new energy technologies, energy storage systems are increasingly being used in new energy, photovoltaic, and power station fields. Energy storage systems contain a large number of electronic components such as battery compartments and power storage inverters (PCS). During operation, both overcooling and overheating can cause malfunctions in energy storage systems.

[0003] Traditional energy storage systems primarily employ two cooling methods: air cooling and water cooling. Air cooling suffers from drawbacks such as low heat transfer coefficient between the battery and air, low energy density, uneven airflow distribution within the storage cabinet, and uneven battery cell temperature. Water cooling requires adding a liquid circulation system to the traditional refrigeration system, resulting in a more complex system structure, difficulty in achieving lightweight design, and higher investment costs.

[0004] To address these issues, some energy storage systems currently employ direct cooling, where refrigerant directly enters the battery cold plate to cool the battery. While direct cooling simplifies the system structure and reduces costs, it can cause the battery cold plate to become too cold, leading to condensation on its surface. To prevent this condensation, a separate dehumidifier is needed to control humidity within the storage compartment. Furthermore, existing direct cooling systems only have compressor-based cooling and heating cycles, failing to simultaneously meet the cooling requirements of low-temperature environments and the heating requirements of high-temperature environments. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main technical problem solved by this invention is to provide a single-cluster energy storage temperature-controlled direct cooling system that can simplify the system structure, reduce costs, and simultaneously achieve cold plate cooling, heating, and cabin dehumidification using a refrigeration system.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the basic concept of the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A single-cluster energy storage temperature-controlled direct cooling system includes:

[0008] The main refrigerant circulation loop is formed by sequentially connecting the compressor, four-way valve, condenser, throttling element and cold plate unit through refrigerant pipelines. The cold plate unit includes PCS cold plate and battery cold plate group in single-cluster battery compartment.

[0009] A bypass branch is connected between the condenser refrigeration outlet and the compressor suction end, and a flow regulating device for controlling the refrigerant bypass flow is connected in series on the bypass branch.

[0010] A dehumidifying evaporator is connected in series on the bypass branch, and a dehumidifying fan is installed corresponding to the dehumidifying evaporator;

[0011] The control unit is configured to adjust the operation of the flow control device according to bypass conditions and / or dehumidification conditions.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a regenerator, which includes a first refrigerant channel and a second refrigerant channel. The first refrigerant channel is connected between the inlet end of the bypass branch and the refrigeration inlet end of the throttling element, and the second refrigerant channel is connected between the cold plate unit and the port of the four-way valve. The refrigerant flows in opposite directions in the first and second refrigerant channels.

[0013] Furthermore, the throttling element includes a first electronic expansion valve, which is connected in series between the PCS cold plate and the battery cold plate assembly, and the other end of the PCS cold plate is connected to the refrigeration outlet end of the first refrigerant channel.

[0014] Furthermore, the throttling element also includes a second electronic expansion valve, which is connected in series between the battery cold plate assembly and the port of the four-way valve.

[0015] Furthermore, after the refrigerant in the battery cold plate assembly is combined, it passes through the second electronic expansion valve and is throttled a second time within the second electronic expansion valve. The second electronic expansion valve is configured to be fully open when heating.

[0016] Furthermore, the flow regulating device is a third electronic expansion valve.

[0017] Furthermore, a distributor is connected in series at the refrigeration inlet of the battery cold plate group. Different ports of the distributor are connected to different battery cold plates in the battery cold plate group. In the refrigeration working mode, the refrigerant after throttling is distributed to each battery cold plate after passing through the distributor.

[0018] Furthermore, the bypass condition is to start the low-temperature cooling or low-temperature heating working mode. When entering the low-temperature cooling or low-temperature heating working mode, the control unit controls the flow regulating device to operate.

[0019] Furthermore, when entering the low-temperature cooling or low-temperature heating working mode, the control unit controls the dehumidifying fan to operate at low speed or stop.

[0020] Furthermore, the dehumidification condition is to activate the dehumidification working mode. When the dehumidification working mode is activated, the control unit controls the flow regulation device to operate.

[0021] In summary, the single-cluster energy storage temperature-controlled direct cooling system provided by this invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0022] (1) This invention connects a bypass branch between the condenser cooling outlet and the compressor suction end, and connects a dehumidifying evaporator in series on the bypass branch. Using this system, not only can the cooling and heating functions of the cold plate unit be realized, but also the dehumidification function of the cabin can be realized. This system integrates multiple functions such as PCS cold plate cooling, battery cold plate cooling and heating, and cabin dehumidification. It eliminates the need for a separate dehumidifier in the prior art for dehumidification, greatly simplifies the system structure and reduces the system cost.

[0023] (2) The present invention utilizes a bypass branch to simultaneously realize the bypass function of unloading part of the refrigerant flow, adjust the suction and discharge temperature and pressure of the compressor, and use one compressor to simultaneously meet the cooling needs of low temperature environment and the heating needs of high temperature environment. This not only expands the range of ambient temperature that the system can be used for, but also further simplifies the system structure, saves the configuration of refrigerant flow path, and reduces system cost.

[0024] The specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0025] The accompanying drawings, as part of this invention, are provided to further illustrate the invention. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the invention are used to explain the invention, but do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. Clearly, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0026] In the attached diagram:

[0027] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the cooling mode system of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the heating mode system of the present invention.

[0029] In the picture:

[0030] Compressor 1, suction end 1a, discharge end 1b, four-way valve 2, condenser 3, refrigeration outlet end 3a, throttling element 4, first electronic expansion valve 41, second electronic expansion valve 42, cold plate unit 5, PCS cold plate 51, refrigeration inlet end 51a, battery cold plate group 52, oil separator 6, condenser fan 7, regenerator 8, first refrigerant passage 81, second refrigerant passage 82, bypass branch 9, flow regulating device 10, third electronic expansion valve 101, dehumidifying evaporator 11, dehumidifying fan 12, liquid distributor 13.

[0031] It should be noted that the accompanying drawings and text description are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of the invention to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0033] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0034] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0035] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a single-cluster energy storage temperature control direct cooling system, applied to a direct expansion energy storage temperature control system integrating PCS cooling, battery PACK cooling, and heating. It is used to control the temperature of the battery compartment and at least one PCS within the energy storage cabinet.

[0036] In this embodiment, the single-cluster energy storage temperature-controlled direct cooling system includes a main refrigerant circulation loop, which is formed by sequentially connecting a compressor 1, a four-way valve 2, a condenser 3, a throttling element 4, and a cold plate unit 5 through refrigerant pipelines. The cold plate unit 5 includes a PCS cold plate 51 and / or a single-cluster battery cold plate assembly 52 within the battery compartment. For the single-cluster energy storage temperature-controlled direct cooling system provided in this embodiment, the cold plate unit 5 simultaneously includes both the PCS cold plate 51 and the single-cluster battery cold plate assembly 52 within the battery compartment.

[0037] In this embodiment, the single-cluster battery cold plate group 52 in the battery compartment includes five battery cold plates, which are connected in parallel. If multiple PCS cold plates 51 are installed in the cabinet, they are also connected in parallel. Refrigerant is used to cool or heat the PCS cold plates 51 and the five battery cold plates in the battery cold plate group 52. A condenser fan 7 is installed corresponding to the condenser 3, and an oil separator 6 is connected in series at the exhaust end 1b of the compressor 1.

[0038] In this embodiment, a bypass branch 9 is also included. One end of the bypass branch 9 is connected to the refrigeration outlet end 3a of the condenser 3, and the other end is connected to the suction end 1a of the compressor 1. A flow regulating device 10 for controlling the bypass flow of refrigerant is connected in series on the bypass branch 9.

[0039] In this embodiment, a dehumidifying evaporator 11 is also included. The dehumidifying evaporator 11 is connected in series on the bypass branch 9 and is located at the outlet end of the flow regulating device 10. A dehumidifying fan 12 is installed corresponding to the dehumidifying evaporator 11.

[0040] In this embodiment, the flow regulating device 10 preferably adopts a third electronic expansion valve 101. The opening degree of the third electronic expansion valve 101 is controlled by the control unit. The third electronic expansion valve 101 can control the bypass flow of refrigerant and can also be used as a throttling element before the dehumidifying evaporator 11.

[0041] The temperature-controlled direct cooling system also includes a control unit (not shown in the figure). The control unit is configured to control the operation of the third electronic expansion valve 101 and adjust the opening of the third electronic expansion valve 101 according to the bypass conditions and / or dehumidification conditions. That is, it adjusts the refrigerant flow rate that needs to be bypassed or the refrigerant flow rate required for dehumidification according to the bypass conditions and / or dehumidification conditions.

[0042] The bypass condition is to activate the low-temperature cooling or low-temperature heating mode. When the ambient temperature is lower than the set temperature (e.g., 10°C) and cooling is still required, the system enters the low-temperature cooling mode; when the ambient temperature is lower than the set temperature (e.g., -10°C) and heating is still required, the system enters the low-temperature heating mode. When the system enters the low-temperature cooling or low-temperature heating mode, the control unit controls the third electronic expansion valve 101 to open and adjusts the opening degree of the third electronic expansion valve 101 according to the difference between the set temperature and the actual temperature of the cold plate unit 5. This adjusts the flow rate of the refrigerant that needs to be bypassed and unloaded, thereby regulating the suction and discharge temperature and pressure of the compressor 1, which helps to expand the operating range of the system's ambient temperature. In this embodiment, it is further preferred that when the system enters the low-temperature cooling or low-temperature heating mode, the control unit controls the dehumidifier fan 12 to operate at low speed or stop. During this process, the bypass branch 9 only serves to bypass and unload a portion of the refrigerant.

[0043] The dehumidification condition is to activate the dehumidification working mode. When the system enters the dehumidification working mode, the control unit also controls the third electronic expansion valve 101 to open. When the humidity inside the cabin reaches the set threshold, the dehumidification working mode is activated, the third electronic expansion valve 101 opens, and the opening degree of the third electronic expansion valve 101 is adjusted according to the difference between the set threshold and the actual humidity inside the cabin, that is, the refrigerant flow rate required for dehumidification is adjusted.

[0044] The system is equipped with a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor (not shown in the figure). The temperature sensor is used to detect the cabin temperature and the ambient temperature, and the humidity sensor is used to detect the cabin humidity. The control unit has pre-stored the cooling set temperature, heating set temperature, upper limit value of the ambient set temperature, lower limit value of the ambient set temperature, and set humidity threshold, etc.

[0045] This system connects a bypass branch 9 between the refrigeration outlet 3a of the condenser 3 and the suction end 1a of the compressor 1, and connects a dehumidifying evaporator 11 in series on the bypass branch 9. This not only achieves the cooling and heating functions of the cold plate unit 5, but also the dehumidification function of the cabin. The system integrates multiple functions such as PCS cold plate cooling, battery cold plate cooling and heating, and cabin dehumidification, eliminating the need for a separate dehumidifier as required in existing technologies. Furthermore, during low-temperature cooling and heating, the system can also utilize the bypass branch 9 to simultaneously unload a portion of the refrigerant flow, regulating the suction and discharge temperatures and pressures of the compressor 1. By using a single compressor 1 to simultaneously meet the cooling needs of low-temperature environments and the heating needs of high-temperature environments, this system not only expands its applicable ambient temperature range, but also greatly simplifies its structure, saves on refrigerant flow path configuration, and reduces system costs.

[0046] In this embodiment, it is further preferred that the throttling element 4 connected in series in the main refrigerant circulation loop includes two components: a first electronic expansion valve 41 and a second electronic expansion valve 42. The first electronic expansion valve 41 is connected in series between the PCS cold plate 51 and the battery cold plate assembly 52, and the second electronic expansion valve 42 is connected in series between the battery cold plate assembly 52 and the port of the four-way valve 2. The first electronic expansion valve 41 is used to throttle the liquid refrigerant condensed by the condenser 3 in cooling mode, thereby cooling the downstream battery cold plate assembly 52. ​​After the refrigerant in the battery cold plate assembly 52 converges, it passes through the second electronic expansion valve 42. The second electronic expansion valve 42 is used in cooling mode to further throttle the refrigerant that has not completely evaporated after heat exchange with the battery cold plate assembly 52, thereby improving the cooling efficiency ratio of the system. The second electronic expansion valve 42 is configured to be fully open in heating mode.

[0047] In this embodiment, preferably, a regenerator 8 is connected in series in the main refrigerant circulation loop. The regenerator 8 includes two refrigerant channels, namely a first refrigerant channel 81 and a second refrigerant channel 82. The first refrigerant channel 81 is connected between the inlet end of the bypass branch 9 and the refrigeration inlet end of the throttling element 4, specifically between the inlet end of the third electronic expansion valve 101 of the bypass branch 9 and the refrigeration inlet end 51a of the PCS cold plate 51. The second refrigerant channel 82 is connected between the refrigeration outlet end of the cold plate unit 5 and the port of the four-way valve 2, specifically between the refrigeration outlet end of the battery cold plate group 52 and the port of the four-way valve 2. The refrigerant flows in opposite directions in the first refrigerant channel 81 and the second refrigerant channel 82, allowing for heat exchange between the refrigerants in the two channels.

[0048] For example, in cooling mode, such as Figure 1 As shown, the liquid refrigerant condensed by the condenser 3 first passes through the first refrigerant channel 81 of the regenerator 8, where it continues to release heat, and then enters the PCS cold plate 51 to absorb heat, thereby cooling the PCS cold plate 51. The temperature of the condensed refrigerant is around 50°C, which can fully meet the cooling requirements of the PCS cold plate 51.

[0049] After absorbing heat through the PCS cold plate 51, the refrigerant enters the first electronic expansion valve 41 for throttling. The throttled refrigerant then enters multiple battery cold plates in the battery cold plate assembly 52, exchanging heat with each plate to cool the battery. The refrigerant then merges and passes through the second electronic expansion valve 42, which performs a second throttling. After throttling, the refrigerant enters the second refrigerant channel 82 in the regenerator 8. Here, the lower-temperature refrigerant in the second refrigerant channel 82 exchanges heat with the relatively higher-temperature refrigerant in the first refrigerant channel 81. This further reduces the temperature of the condensed refrigerant, cooling the PCS cold plate 51 and improving its cooling effect. It also facilitates further complete evaporation of the refrigerant in the second refrigerant channel 82.

[0050] In this embodiment, to ensure uniform distribution of refrigerant within the multiple battery cold plates of the battery cold plate assembly 52, a distributor 13 is preferably provided at the inlet end of the battery cold plate assembly 52. ​​Different ports of the distributor 13 are connected to different battery cold plates in the battery cold plate assembly 52. ​​During cooling, the refrigerant, after being throttled by the first electronic expansion valve 41, passes through the distributor 13 and is then distributed to the five parallel battery cold plates in the battery cold plate assembly 52, where it exchanges heat with each of the five cold plates. This distributor 13 can be the type used in existing multi-split air conditioning units.

[0051] like Figure 1 As shown below, the system operation process in cooling mode is described in detail. Figure 1 The direction of the middle arrow indicates the direction of refrigerant flow.

[0052] After being compressed into a high-temperature, high-pressure gas by compressor 1, the refrigerant passes through oil separator 6 and four-way valve 2 to condenser 3. In condenser 3, the refrigerant releases heat and condenses into a liquid state. The condensed refrigerant then flows into the first refrigerant channel 81 of regenerator 8, where it continues to release heat. It then absorbs heat from PCS cold plate 51, cooling the PCS cold plate 51. After being throttled and depressurized by the first electronic expansion valve 41, it enters distributor 13 for gas-liquid two-phase separation. It then enters the five parallel battery cold plates in battery cold plate group 52 to absorb heat and cool each battery. After heat exchange, the refrigerant merges and is throttled a second time by the second electronic expansion valve 42, entering the second refrigerant channel 82 of regenerator 8 to exchange heat with the refrigerant in the first refrigerant channel 81. After absorbing heat, it is introduced into the suction end 1a of compressor 1 through four-way valve 2.

[0053] After the dehumidification mode is activated, part of the refrigerant condensed by the condenser 3 enters the bypass branch 9, and after being throttled and depressurized by the third electronic expansion valve 101, it enters the dehumidification evaporator 11 to dehumidify the cabin. The evaporated refrigerant directly enters the suction end 1a of the compressor 1 and returns to the compressor 1.

[0054] After the low-temperature cooling mode is activated, that is, when the ambient temperature is lower than the set value and cooling is still required, the low-temperature cooling mode is activated. Similarly, the third electronic expansion valve 101 is opened and the opening degree is adjusted to control the refrigerant flow into the bypass branch 9, so as to realize the bypass function of unloading part of the refrigerant flow, thereby reducing the load and adjusting the suction and discharge temperature and pressure of the compressor 1. During this process, dehumidification is not required. The speed of the dehumidifying fan 12 can be reduced or the dehumidifying fan 12 can be turned off, which only serves the bypass function and adjusts the suction and discharge temperature and pressure.

[0055] like Figure 2 As shown, the system operation process in heating mode is described in detail below. Figure 2 The direction of the middle arrow indicates the direction of refrigerant flow.

[0056] After being compressed into a high-temperature, high-pressure gas by the compressor 1, the refrigerant passes through the oil separator 6 and the four-way valve 2 to the first refrigerant channel 82 of the regenerator 8 to release heat and cool down. Then, it passes through the second electronic expansion valve 42 (which is fully open at this time) and enters the five parallel battery cold plates in the battery cold plate group 52 to release heat and raise the temperature of each battery cold plate. The refrigerant after heat exchange is collected by the distributor 13, throttled and depressurized by the first electronic expansion valve 41, and enters the PCS cold plate 51 to absorb heat and cool down the PCS cold plate 51. Then, it enters the first refrigerant channel 81 of the regenerator 8 to continue absorbing heat, and then enters the condenser 3 to continue absorbing heat and evaporating. Finally, it flows back to the suction end 1a of the compressor 1 through the four-way valve 2.

[0057] After starting the low-temperature heating mode, the third electronic expansion valve 101 is opened and its opening degree is adjusted to control the refrigerant flow into the bypass branch 9, thereby achieving the bypass function of unloading part of the refrigerant flow to reduce the load and adjust the suction and discharge temperature and pressure of the compressor 1. During this process, dehumidification is not required, and the speed of the dehumidifying fan 12 can be reduced or the dehumidifying fan 12 can be turned off, only serving the bypass function to adjust the suction and discharge temperature and pressure.

[0058] The above technical solution has the following beneficial effects:

[0059] 1. This system connects a bypass branch 9 between the refrigeration outlet end 3a of the condenser 3 and the suction end 1a of the compressor 1, and connects a dehumidifying evaporator 11 in series on the bypass branch 9. Using this system, not only can the cooling and heating functions of the cold plate unit 5 be realized, but the dehumidification function of the cabin can also be realized. This system integrates multiple functions such as PCS cold plate cooling, battery cold plate cooling and heating, and cabin dehumidification. It eliminates the need for a separate dehumidifier to be installed for dehumidification in the prior art, greatly simplifies the system structure, saves on the configuration of the refrigerant flow path, and reduces the system cost.

[0060] 2. The system also utilizes the bypass branch 9 to simultaneously achieve the bypass function of unloading part of the refrigerant flow, and adjusts the suction and discharge temperature and pressure of compressor 1. By using one compressor 1, it can simultaneously meet the cooling needs of low-temperature environments and the heating needs of high-temperature environments. This not only expands the range of ambient temperatures that the system can operate in, but also further simplifies the system structure, saves on the configuration of refrigerant flow paths, and reduces system costs.

[0061] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-described technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. The implementation schemes in the above embodiments can be further combined or replaced. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A single-cluster energy storage temperature-controlled direct cooling system, characterized in that, include: The main refrigerant circulation loop is formed by sequentially connecting the compressor, four-way valve, condenser, throttling element and cold plate unit through refrigerant pipelines. The cold plate unit includes PCS cold plate and battery cold plate group in single-cluster battery compartment. A bypass branch is connected between the condenser refrigeration outlet and the compressor suction end, and a flow regulating device for controlling the refrigerant bypass flow is connected in series on the bypass branch. A dehumidifying evaporator is connected in series on the bypass branch, and a dehumidifying fan is installed corresponding to the dehumidifying evaporator; The control unit is configured to adjust the operation of the flow control device according to bypass conditions and / or dehumidification conditions.

2. The single-cluster energy storage temperature-controlled direct cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a regenerator, which includes a first refrigerant channel and a second refrigerant channel. The first refrigerant channel is connected between the inlet end of the bypass branch and the refrigeration inlet end of the throttling element. The second refrigerant channel is connected between the cold plate unit and the port of the four-way valve. The refrigerant flows in opposite directions in the first and second refrigerant channels.

3. The single-cluster energy storage temperature-controlled direct cooling system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The throttling element includes a first electronic expansion valve, which is connected in series between the PCS cold plate and the battery cold plate assembly. The other end of the PCS cold plate is connected to the refrigeration outlet end of the first refrigerant channel.

4. The single-cluster energy storage temperature-controlled direct cooling system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The throttling element also includes a second electronic expansion valve, which is connected in series between the battery cold plate assembly and the port of the four-way valve.

5. The single-cluster energy storage temperature-controlled direct cooling system according to claim 4, characterized in that: After the refrigerant in the battery cold plate assembly is combined, it passes through the second electronic expansion valve and is throttled twice in the second electronic expansion valve. The second electronic expansion valve is configured to be fully open when heating.

6. The single-cluster energy storage temperature-controlled direct cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow regulating device is a third electronic expansion valve.

7. The single-cluster energy storage temperature-controlled direct cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A distributor is connected in series at the refrigeration inlet of the battery cold plate group. Different ports of the distributor are connected to different battery cold plates in the battery cold plate group. In the refrigeration working mode, the refrigerant after throttling is distributed to each battery cold plate after passing through the distributor.

8. The single-cluster energy storage temperature-controlled direct cooling system according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: The bypass condition is to start the low-temperature cooling or low-temperature heating working mode. When the low-temperature cooling or low-temperature heating working mode is entered, the control unit controls the flow regulating device to operate.

9. The single-cluster energy storage temperature-controlled direct cooling system according to claim 8, characterized in that: When entering the low-temperature cooling or low-temperature heating mode, the control unit controls the dehumidifying fan to run at low speed or stop.

10. The single-cluster energy storage temperature-controlled direct cooling system according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: The dehumidification condition is to start the dehumidification working mode. When the dehumidification working mode is entered, the control unit controls the flow regulation device to operate.

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