Starting circuit, ignition clamp, starting power supply and starting device

Abstract

The invention relates to a starting circuit, an ignition clamp, a starting power supply and a starting device. The starting circuit comprises an overload detection module and a switch module. The switch module is used for being electrically connected between the electrode of the power supply piece and the electrode of the automobile storage battery. The switch module has an on state and an off state. The overload detection module is electrically connected with an electrode of the power supply member. The overload detection module is used for detecting the potential difference between the two electrodes of the power supply part and outputting a stop signal when the potential difference between the two electrodes of the power supply part is lower than a first voltage threshold value. And the switch module is used for switching to a breaking state when receiving the stop signal. When the overload detection module recognizes that the potential difference between the two electrodes of the power supply part is lower than a first voltage threshold value, the switch module is switched to the breaking state, and therefore current transmission between the power supply part and the automobile storage battery can be interrupted. By reasonably setting the first voltage threshold value, related electronic components in the starting circuit can be prevented from being damaged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of automotive auxiliary power technology, and in particular to a starting circuit, ignition clip, starter power supply and starting device. Background Technology

[0002] When the output capacity of a car battery is insufficient to meet ignition requirements, an additional starting power source is needed to start the car. This starting power source connects to the car battery via ignition clips to charge the battery or directly provide the electrical power required to start the car.

[0003] However, when the car battery malfunctions or the load inside the car is too high, the output current of the starter power supply may be too large, exceeding the carrying capacity of the power supply components, conductor lines, or electronic components, causing overload. This may result in severe overheating of the power supply components and conductor lines, and may even damage the electronic components related to the starter power supply. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on this, the present invention provides a starting circuit, ignition clip, starting power supply and starting device that can solve or at least alleviate the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] This invention provides a startup circuit, comprising:

[0006] An overload detection module is used to electrically connect to the electrodes of a power supply component; the overload detection module is used to detect the potential difference between the two electrodes of the power supply component, and outputs a stop signal when the potential difference between the two electrodes of the power supply component is lower than a first voltage threshold; and

[0007] A switching module is used to electrically connect the electrodes of the power supply unit and the electrodes of the car battery; the switching module has an on state and an off state; the switching module is used to switch to the off state when the stop signal is received.

[0008] In the aforementioned starting circuit, when the switching module is in the ON state, the output voltage of the power supply unit can be applied between the two electrodes of the car battery. When the switching module is in the OFF state, the path between the power supply unit and the car battery disappears, and the output voltage of the power supply unit is not applied between the two electrodes of the car battery. According to the circuit model of the power supply unit, when the resistance of the car battery or car load is low, the output power of the power supply unit is high, and the potential difference between the two electrodes of the power supply unit is low. The overload detection module detects the potential difference between the two electrodes of the power supply unit by electrically connecting to the electrodes of the power supply unit. When the overload detection module detects that the potential difference between the two electrodes of the power supply unit is lower than a first voltage threshold, it outputs a stop signal. Upon receiving the stop signal, the switching module switches to the OFF state, thereby interrupting the current transfer between the power supply unit and the car battery. By reasonably setting the first voltage threshold, severe overheating of the power supply unit and conductor circuits can be avoided, and damage to related electronic components in the starting circuit can be prevented.

[0009] In one embodiment, the overload detection module includes a judgment unit and an output unit; the judgment unit is used to electrically connect to the electrodes of the power supply component, and the judgment unit outputs a low-voltage identification signal when the potential difference between the two electrodes of the power supply component is lower than the first voltage threshold; the output unit maintains the output of the stop signal after receiving the low-voltage identification signal.

[0010] In one embodiment, the determination unit includes a comparator U1, a first voltage divider branch, and a second voltage divider branch; one end of the first voltage divider branch is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the power supply device, and a node of the first voltage divider branch is electrically connected to one input terminal of the comparator U1; one end of the second voltage divider branch is used to input a reference voltage, and a node of the second voltage divider branch is electrically connected to the other input terminal of the comparator U1; the output terminal of the comparator U1 is electrically connected to the output unit and is used to transmit the low-voltage identification signal to the output unit.

[0011] In one embodiment, a voltage regulator module is further included; the voltage regulator module is used to electrically connect the electrodes of the power supply component; the voltage regulator module is also used to input a reference voltage to one end of the second voltage divider branch.

[0012] In one embodiment, the output unit includes a switch Q21, a switch Q20, a first current-limiting branch, and a first feedback branch; the control terminal of the switch Q21 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the judgment unit; one current-carrying terminal of the switch Q21 is electrically connected to the control terminal of the switch Q20, and the other current-carrying terminal of the switch Q21 is grounded; one current-carrying terminal of the switch Q20 is used to input a reference voltage, and the other current-carrying terminal of the switch Q20 is used to output the stop signal; the first current-limiting branch is electrically connected between one current-carrying terminal of the switch Q20 and the control terminal of the switch Q20; the first feedback branch is electrically connected between the other current-carrying terminal of the switch Q20 and the control terminal of the switch Q21.

[0013] In one embodiment, the output unit further includes an isolation delay branch; one end of the isolation delay branch is electrically connected to the output terminal of the judgment unit, and the other end of the isolation delay branch is grounded; the node of the isolation delay branch is electrically connected to the control terminal of the switch Q21.

[0014] In one embodiment, the isolation delay branch includes a resistor R74 and a capacitor C20; the resistor R74 is electrically connected between the control terminal of the switch Q21 and the output terminal of the judgment unit; the capacitor C20 is electrically connected between the control terminal of the switch Q21 and ground.

[0015] In one embodiment, a sound alarm module electrically connected to the overload detection module is also included; the sound alarm module is used to emit an alarm sound when the stop signal is received.

[0016] In one embodiment, a light indicator module electrically connected to the overload detection module is also included; the overload detection module is further configured to output an overload indication signal when the potential difference between the two electrodes of the power supply is lower than the first voltage threshold; the light indicator module is configured to emit an overload warning light when the overload indication signal is received.

[0017] In one embodiment, the light indicator module includes a light-emitting diode D47 and a second current-limiting branch; the light-emitting diode D47 and the second current-limiting branch are connected in series between the output terminal of the overload detection module and ground; the unidirectional conduction direction of the light-emitting diode D47 corresponds to the current direction from the output terminal of the overload detection module to ground.

[0018] In one embodiment, the light indicator module further includes a light-emitting diode D45, a switch Q22, and a third current-limiting branch; the third current-limiting branch is used to electrically connect between the anode of the light-emitting diode D45 and the positive terminal of the power supply; one current-carrying terminal of the switch Q22 is electrically connected to the anode of the light-emitting diode D45 or the node of the third current-limiting branch; the other current-carrying terminal of the switch Q22 is grounded; and the control terminal of the switch Q22 is electrically connected to the anode of the light-emitting diode D47.

[0019] The present invention provides an ignition clip, including a contact and a starting circuit of any of the above embodiments; the contact is electrically connected to the switch module.

[0020] The present invention provides a starting power supply, including a power supply component and a starting circuit of any of the above embodiments; the overload detection module is electrically connected to the electrodes of the power supply component.

[0021] The present invention provides a starting device, a starting power supply, an ignition clip, and a starting circuit of any of the above embodiments; the switching module is electrically connected between the starting power supply and the ignition clip. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a starting device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0023] Figure 2A This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a startup power supply according to an embodiment of this application.

[0024] Figure 2B This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an ignition clip according to an embodiment of this application.

[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the switching module in the start-up circuit.

[0026] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overload detection module in the start-up circuit.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the startup circuit according to another embodiment of this application.

[0028] Figure 6A for Figure 5 The diagram shows the structure of the light indicator module in the start-up circuit.

[0029] Figure 6B for Figure 5 The diagram shows the structure of the sound alarm module in the startup circuit.

[0030] Figure 7 for Figure 5 The diagram shows the structure of the voltage regulator module in the startup circuit.

[0031] Figure 8 for Figure 5 The diagram shows the structure of the voltage detection module in the startup circuit.

[0032] Figure 9A for Figure 5 The diagram shows the structure of the temperature detection module in the startup circuit.

[0033] Figure 9B for Figure 5 The diagram shows the structure of the detection timing module in the startup circuit.

[0034] Figure 10A for Figure 5 The diagram shows the structure of the access detection module in the startup circuit.

[0035] Figure 10B for Figure 5 The diagram shows the structure of the standby delay module in the startup circuit.

[0036] Reference numerals: 100, starting device; 200, starting power supply; 201, power supply component; 300, ignition clip; 400, starting circuit; 40, overload detection module; 401, judgment unit; 402, output unit; 41, switch module; 411, switch drive unit; 42, sound alarm module; 43, light indicator module; 44, voltage detection module; 45, temperature detection module; 46, detection timing module; 47, access detection module; 48, standby delay module; 49, voltage regulator module; 500, contact element; 601, car battery; 602, car starter motor. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions of this application will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0038] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0039] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, integral connections, mechanical connections, electrical connections, direct connections, indirect connections via an intermediate medium, or internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0040] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0041] Combination Figure 1 As shown, this application provides a starting device 100, which provides charging voltage to a car battery 601. In some embodiments, a car starter motor 602 is connected in parallel with the car battery 601, and the starting device 100 also provides operating current to the car starter motor 602 to ensure that the car can be started. Specifically, the car starter motor is connected between the positive and negative terminals of the car battery 601. The car starter motor 602 drives the crankshaft of the engine to rotate until the crankshaft reaches a sufficient speed to start on its own.

[0042] In some implementations, combined Figure 1 As shown, the starting device 100 includes a starting power supply 200, a starting circuit 400, and an ignition clip 300. The starting circuit 400 is electrically connected between the starting power supply 200 and the ignition clip 300. Specifically, the starting power supply 200 includes at least a power supply component 201. The electrical energy from the power supply component 201 is transferred to the vehicle battery 601 or the vehicle starter motor 602 via the starting circuit 400 and the ignition clip 300. The starting circuit 400 has a switching function, capable of controlling the connection and disconnection of the circuit between the power supply component 201 and the vehicle battery 601.

[0043] Specifically, the power supply unit 201 is a device capable of outputting DC voltage. In some embodiments, the power supply unit 201 is capable of charging and discharging, and may specifically be an energy storage battery, energy storage capacitor, or other energy storage device. In some embodiments, the negative terminal of the power supply unit 201 and the negative terminal of the automotive battery 601 are respectively grounded. In some embodiments, a portion of the starting circuit 400 is encapsulated within the housing of the starter power supply unit 200, and another portion is encapsulated within the housing of the ignition clip 300.

[0044] Combination Figure 2A As shown, this application also provides a startup power supply 200. The startup power supply 200 includes a power supply component 201 and a startup circuit 400 electrically connected to the power supply component 201. In some embodiments, the power supply component 201 and the startup circuit 400 are packaged in the same housing. The power supply component 201 outputs current to the outside through the startup circuit 400.

[0045] Combination Figure 2B As shown, this application also provides an ignition clip 300. The ignition clip 300 includes a starting circuit 400 and a contact 500 electrically connected to the starting circuit 400. The ignition clip 300 is connected to the electrodes of a vehicle battery 601 via the contact 500. In some embodiments, the ignition clip 300 includes a conductor connected between the output terminal of the starting circuit 400 and the contact 500. Specifically, the contact 500 can be selected from various structural forms. In some embodiments, the contact 500 adopts a clip structure, which can be directly clamped to the electrodes of the vehicle battery 601. In other embodiments, the contact 500 can adopt a ring-shaped structure, and a screw passes through the contact 500 and is threadedly connected to the electrodes of the vehicle battery 601, so that the contact 500 is fixedly connected to the electrodes of the vehicle battery 601. In some embodiments, the ignition clip 300 includes two contacts 500, one of which is used to connect to the positive terminal of the vehicle battery 601, and the other of which is used to connect to the negative terminal of the vehicle battery 601.

[0046] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, this application also provides a starting circuit 400, which can be applied to at least the aforementioned starting device 100, starting power supply 200, or ignition clip 300. Specifically, the starting circuit 400 includes an overload detection module 40 and a switching module 41. The switching module 41 is electrically connected between the electrodes of the power supply unit 201 and the electrodes of the automotive battery 601. The switching module 41 has an on state and an off state. The overload detection module 40 is electrically connected to the electrodes of the power supply unit 201. The overload detection module 40 is used to detect the potential difference between the two electrodes of the power supply unit 201, and outputs a stop signal when the potential difference between the two electrodes of the power supply unit 201 is lower than a first voltage threshold. The switching module 41 is used to switch to the off state when it receives the stop signal.

[0047] Specifically, when the switch module 41 is in the ON state, the output voltage of the power supply unit 201 can be applied between the two electrodes of the car battery 601. When the switch module 41 is in the OFF state, the path between the power supply unit 201 and the car battery 601 disappears, and the output voltage of the power supply unit 201 is not applied between the two electrodes of the car battery 601. According to the circuit model of the power supply unit 201, when the resistance of the car battery 601 or the car load is low, the output power of the power supply unit 201 is high, and the potential difference between the two electrodes of the power supply unit 201 is low. The overload detection module 40 detects the potential difference between the two electrodes of the power supply unit 201 by electrically connecting to the electrodes of the power supply unit 201. When the overload detection module 40 detects that the potential difference between the two electrodes of the power supply unit 201 is lower than a first voltage threshold, it outputs a stop signal. Upon receiving the stop signal, the switch module 41 switches to the OFF state, thereby interrupting the current transfer between the power supply unit 201 and the car battery 601. By setting the first voltage threshold appropriately, severe overheating of the power supply unit 201 and conductor lines can be avoided, and damage to related electronic components in the startup circuit 400 can be prevented.

[0048] In some implementations, combined Figure 5 and Figure 6B As shown, the startup circuit 400 also includes an audible alarm module 42 electrically connected to the overload detection module 40. The audible alarm module 42 is used to emit an alarm sound when a stop signal is received. Specifically, the user can promptly detect an overload in the output of the power supply unit 201 based on the alarm sound.

[0049] In some implementations, combined Figure 5 and Figure 6A As shown, the startup circuit 400 also includes a light indicator module 43 electrically connected to the overload detection module 40. The overload detection module 40 is also used to output an overload indication signal when the potential difference between the two electrodes of the power supply unit 201 is lower than a first voltage threshold. The light indicator module 43 is used to emit an overload warning light when it receives the overload indication signal. Specifically, when multiple abnormal conditions all use the same alarm tone, the user can distinguish that the power supply unit 201 has an output overload problem by the difference in the color, brightness, or flashing frequency of the light. In some embodiments, the overload indication signal is in the form of a high level.

[0050] In some implementations, the light indicator module 43 can also emit a standby indicator light. When the startup circuit 400 is connected to the power supply unit 201 and the potential difference between the two electrodes of the power supply unit 201 is not lower than a first voltage threshold, the light indicator module 43 emits a standby indicator light. When the potential difference between the two electrodes of the power supply unit 201 is lower than the first voltage threshold, the standby indicator light turns off while the overload warning light illuminates, allowing the user to more accurately determine the output overload problem.

[0051] In some implementations, combined Figure 5 and Figure 8 As shown, the starting circuit 400 also includes a voltage detection module 44. The voltage detection module 44 is used to detect abnormal voltage states at the front and rear ends of the starting circuit 400. Specifically, the abnormal voltage state occurs in at least one of the following situations: the output voltage of the power supply unit 201 is lower than a second voltage threshold, the output voltage of the power supply unit 201 is greater than a third voltage threshold, and the positive voltage of the car battery 601 is greater than a fourth voltage threshold. Specifically, when the output voltage of the power supply unit 201 is lower than the second voltage threshold, the output voltage of the power supply unit 201 is low. In some embodiments, the first voltage threshold is lower than the second voltage threshold. In one embodiment, the first voltage threshold is 6.5V, and the second voltage threshold is 13.5V. When the output voltage of the power supply unit 201 is greater than the third voltage threshold, the output voltage of the power supply unit 201 is high. In one embodiment, the third voltage threshold is 17.5V. When the positive voltage of the car battery 601 is greater than the fourth voltage threshold, the positive voltage of the car battery 601 is high. In one embodiment, the fourth voltage threshold is 17.5V.

[0052] In some implementations, combined Figure 5 and Figure 8 As shown, the voltage detection module 44 outputs a stop signal in case of an abnormal voltage condition. The switch module 41 switches to the disconnected state upon receiving the stop signal. The audible alarm module 42 emits an alarm sound upon receiving the stop signal.

[0053] In some implementations, combined Figure 5 and Figure 8 As shown, the voltage detection module 44 is used to output a voltage abnormality warning signal when the voltage is abnormal. The light indicator module 43 is also used to emit a voltage abnormality warning light when the voltage abnormality warning signal is received. In some embodiments, the voltage abnormality warning signal is in the form of a high level.

[0054] In some implementations, combined Figure 5 and Figure 9A As shown, the startup circuit 400 also includes a temperature detection module 45. A voltage detection module 44 is used to detect the temperature near the startup circuit 400.

[0055] In some implementations, the temperature detection module 45 is used to output a stop signal when the actual temperature is greater than a temperature threshold. The switch module 41 is used to switch to an off state upon receiving the stop signal.

[0056] In some embodiments, the voltage detection module 44 is further configured to output an over-temperature warning signal when the actual temperature exceeds a temperature threshold. The light indicator module 43 is further configured to emit an over-temperature warning light upon receiving the over-temperature warning signal. In some embodiments, the over-temperature warning signal is in the form of a high-level signal.

[0057] In some implementations, combined Figure 5 and Figure 9B As shown, the start-up circuit 400 also includes a detection timing module 46 electrically connected to the control terminal of the switch module 41. In the enabled state, the detection timing module 46 alternately times the energizing period and the detection period. During the energizing period, the detection timing module 46 triggers the switch module 41 to enter the conducting state, and during the detection period, it triggers the switch module 41 to enter the de-energizing state. Specifically, during the detection period, the switch module 41 electrically isolates the positive contact 500 from the positive terminal of the power supply unit 201. At this time, if the two contacts 500 maintain conductive contact with the two electrodes of the car battery 601, the potential difference between the two contacts 500 is equal to the voltage between the two electrodes of the car battery 601. If at least one of the two contacts 500 is disconnected from the electrode of the car battery 601, there is no potential difference between the two contacts 500. Therefore, during the detection period, the potential difference between the two contacts 500 can be detected to determine whether the contacts 500 are disconnected from the electrodes of the car battery 601.

[0058] Specifically, the duration of the energizing period is longer than the duration of the detection period. In some embodiments, the duration of the energizing period ranges from 0.5s to 30s. In some embodiments, the duration of the energizing period is 1s, 3s, 5s, 10s, or 20s. In some embodiments, the duration of the detection period ranges from 5ms to 1s. In some embodiments, the duration of the detection period is 10ms, 15ms, 30ms, 400ms, or 800ms.

[0059] In some implementations, combined Figure 5 and Figure 10AAs shown, the startup circuit 400 also includes an access detection module 47 electrically connected to the detection timing module 46. The access detection module 47 is also electrically connected between the two electrodes of the vehicle battery 601. When the potential difference between the two electrodes of the vehicle battery 601 exceeds a fifth voltage threshold, the access detection module 47 outputs a power-on trigger signal. Upon receiving the power-on trigger signal, the detection timing module 46 remains in the enabled state. Specifically, the access detection module 47 can also be understood as electrically connected between two contacts 500, and thus connected to the two electrodes of the vehicle battery 601 through the two contacts 500.

[0060] In some implementations, combined Figure 5 and Figure 10B As shown, the startup circuit 400 also includes a standby delay module 48 electrically connected to the switch module 41. Upon receiving a power-on trigger signal, the standby delay module 48 begins standby timing. After the standby timing ends, the startup circuit 400 enters standby mode, and the standby delay module 48 keeps the switch module 41 in the off state.

[0061] In some implementations, combined Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, the startup circuit 400 also includes a voltage regulator module 49, which is electrically connected to the electrodes of the power supply unit 201. The voltage regulator module 49 provides operating voltage or a reference voltage to at least one of the overload detection module 40, the switch module 41, the audible alarm module 42, the light indicator module 43, the voltage detection module 44, the temperature detection module 45, the detection timing module 46, the access detection module 47, and the standby delay module 48. In some embodiments, the voltage regulator module 49 steps down the voltage output from the positive terminal of the power supply unit 201 to output a stable DC voltage.

[0062] In other embodiments, an external power supply can provide operating voltage or reference voltage to at least one of the overload detection module 40, switch module 41, audible alarm module 42, light indicator module 43, voltage detection module 44, temperature detection module 45, detection timing module 46, access detection module 47, and standby delay module 48. In some embodiments, the output terminal of the voltage regulator module 49 is the reference voltage point. In some embodiments, the voltage regulator module 49 can output a reference voltage of a single amplitude. In other embodiments, the voltage regulator module 49 can also output multiple reference voltages of different amplitudes. Specifically, the various reference voltages mentioned in this application can be the same voltage value or different voltage values.

[0063] In some implementations, combined Figure 3As shown, contact 500 is electrically connected to switch module 41. Specifically, switch module 41 is used to electrically connect the electrode of power supply unit 201 and contact 500. Contact 500 is electrically connected to the electrode of vehicle battery 601. In some embodiments, switch module 41 is electrically connected between starter power supply 200 and ignition clip 300.

[0064] In some implementations, combined Figure 3 As shown, the switch module 41 includes a switch element K1 and a switch drive unit 411 electrically connected to the control terminal of the switch element K1. Specifically, the switch element K1 is used to electrically connect the electrode of the power supply element 201 and the electrode of the car battery 601. More specifically, the switch element K1 can be understood as being used to electrically connect the electrode of the power supply element 201 and the contact element 500. More specifically, the switch element K1 is electrically connected between the positive terminal of the power supply element 201 and the positive contact element 500. The overload detection module 40 controls the switching of the switch element K1 through the switch drive unit 411.

[0065] Specifically, the switch K1 can be a relay, a MOSFET, or other devices that can implement the switching function. In some embodiments, the switch K1 is a relay. One of the pair of normally open contacts of the switch K1 is electrically connected to the electrode of the power supply unit 201, and the other is electrically connected to the electrode of the vehicle battery 601. More specifically, one of the pair of normally open contacts is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the power supply unit 201, and the other is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the vehicle battery 601. One end of the coil of the switch K1 is electrically connected to the electrode of the power supply unit 201, and the other end is electrically connected to the switch driving unit 411. Specifically, when the switch driving unit 411 inputs a low potential to the other end of the coil of the switch K1, current flows through the coil of the switch K1, the pair of normally open contacts of the switch K1 close, the switch module 41 is in a conducting state, and electrical connection is made between the electrode of the power supply unit 201 and the electrode of the vehicle battery 601. When a high potential is input to the other end of the coil of switch K1, no current flows through the coil of switch K1, the pair of normally open contacts of switch K1 separate, and switch module 41 is in the disconnected state.

[0066] In some embodiments, a diode D3 is electrically connected between the two ends of the coil of the switching element K1. The cathode of the diode D3 is electrically connected to the electrode of the power supply element 201, and the anode of the diode D3 is electrically connected to the switch driving unit 411, thereby releasing the reverse electromotive force of the coil through the diode D3.

[0067] In some implementations, combined Figure 3As shown, the output terminal of the switch driving unit 411 is electrically connected to the control terminal of the switch K1. The switch driving unit 411 is provided with a stop control terminal for receiving a stop signal. The switch driving unit 411 is also provided with a timing control terminal, the level of which is simultaneously controlled by the detection timing module 46 and the standby delay module 48. In some embodiments, when no stop signal is received, the switch driving unit 411 controls the switch K1 to turn on when the timing control terminal is at an active level, and controls the switch K1 to turn off when the timing control terminal is at an inactive level. Specifically, either the detection timing module 46 or the standby delay module 48 can lock the timing control terminal at an inactive level.

[0068] In one implementation, the effective level is high, and the ineffective level is low. Specifically, when the aging control terminal is not short-circuited to the reference voltage point, the aging control terminal can be clamped to the ineffective level when either the detection timing module 46 or the standby delay module 48 outputs a low level. Specifically, before the standby timing ends, the standby delay module 48 outputs a high level to the aging control terminal. After the standby timing ends, the standby delay module 48 outputs a low level to the aging control terminal, thereby ensuring that the contact 500 and the electrodes of the power supply unit 201 are disconnected at the end of the standby timing. Specifically, before the standby timing ends, during the energized period, the detection timing module 46 outputs a high level to the aging control terminal, enabling the electrodes of the power supply unit 201 to transmit current to the contact 500. During the detection period, the detection timing module 46 outputs a low level to the aging control terminal, which is clamped to the failure level, so that the contact 500 and the electrode of the power supply 201 are in a disconnected state. At this time, it can be determined whether the contact 500 is separated from the electrode of the car battery 601.

[0069] In some implementations, combined Figure 3 As shown, the switch drive unit 411 includes a switch Q6, a switch Q7, a resistor R11, and a resistor R12. One current-carrying terminal of switch Q6 is electrically connected to the control terminal of switch Q1, and the other current-carrying terminal of switch Q6 is grounded. The control terminal of switch Q6 is electrically connected to one current-carrying terminal of switch Q7. Resistor R12 is electrically connected between the control terminal of switch Q6 and ground. The other current-carrying terminal of switch Q7, and resistor R11, are electrically connected between the control terminal of switch Q7 and the overload detection module 40. Specifically, resistor R11 is used to electrically connect to one end of the overload detection module 40 as a stop control terminal.

[0070] In some embodiments, when the switch module 41 is also controlled by the detection timing module 46 and the standby delay module 48, the control terminal of the switch Q6 serves as a timing control terminal and is electrically connected to the detection timing module 46 and the standby delay module 48, respectively. Specifically, when the stop signal is high, the switch Q7 is turned on under the control of the stop signal. The control terminal of the switch Q6 is clamped to a low potential, and the switch Q6 is in the off state, causing the switch K1 to be in the open state. In other embodiments, when the switch module 41 is only controlled by the overload detection module 40, the control terminal of the switch Q6 can be electrically connected to a high potential through a pull-up resistor.

[0071] In some implementations, combined Figure 3 As shown, the switch module 41 also includes a resistor R70. Resistor R70 is used for electrical connection between the two electrodes of the vehicle battery 601. Specifically, resistor R70 is electrically connected between the other of the pair of normally open contacts of the switch element K1 and ground.

[0072] In some embodiments, the overload detection module 40 is electrically connected to the electrodes of the power supply unit 201. Specifically, the overload detection module 40 may be connected only to the positive terminal of the power supply unit 201. The overload detection module 40 may also be connected only to the negative terminal of the power supply unit 201. Alternatively, the overload detection module 40 may be connected to both the positive and negative terminals of the power supply unit 201 simultaneously.

[0073] In some implementations, combined Figure 4 As shown, the overload detection module 40 includes a judgment unit 401 and an output unit 402. The judgment unit 401 is electrically connected to the electrodes of the power supply component 201. The judgment unit 401 outputs a low-voltage identification signal when the potential difference between the two electrodes of the power supply component 201 is lower than a first voltage threshold. After receiving the low-voltage identification signal, the output unit 402 maintains the output of a stop signal. Specifically, even if the low-voltage identification signal disappears after it appears because the potential difference between the two electrodes of the power supply component 201 recovers to a level not lower than the first voltage threshold, the output unit 402 still maintains the output of a stop signal. The output unit 402 only cancels the output of the stop signal after power is cut off and then restored, avoiding gradual cumulative damage to the power supply component 201 or other electronic components due to repeated overload conditions.

[0074] In some implementations, combined Figure 4As shown, the judgment unit 401 includes a comparator U1, a first voltage divider branch, and a second voltage divider branch. One end of the first voltage divider branch is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the power supply unit 201, and the node of the first voltage divider branch is electrically connected to one input terminal of the comparator U1. One end of the second voltage divider branch is used to input a reference voltage, and the node of the second voltage divider branch is electrically connected to the other input terminal of the comparator U1. The output terminal of the comparator U1 is electrically connected to the output unit 402 and is used to transmit a low-voltage identification signal to the output unit 402.

[0075] In some embodiments, the node of the first voltage divider branch is electrically connected to the inverting input of comparator U1. The node of the second voltage divider branch is electrically connected to the non-inverting input of comparator U1, and the low-voltage identification signal is a high-level signal. In some embodiments, the voltage division ratio of the second voltage divider branch is set according to the relationship between the reference voltage and the first voltage threshold, and the voltage division ratio of the first voltage divider branch, so that the comparison result between the voltage at the inverting input and the voltage at the non-inverting input of comparator U1 is equivalent to the comparison result between the positive voltage of power supply 201 and the first voltage threshold. In one embodiment, when the voltage division ratio of the first voltage divider branch is P1 and the reference voltage is V... B The first voltage threshold is V TH1 When the voltage division ratio of the second voltage-dividing branch is P2 = (V TH1 ×P1) / V B .

[0076] In some implementations, combined Figure 4 As shown, the first voltage divider branch includes resistors R66 and R77. Resistors R66 and R77 are connected in series between the positive terminal of power supply unit 201 and ground. The node between resistors R66 and R77 is electrically connected to one input terminal of comparator U1. The voltage division ratio of the first voltage divider branch can be understood as the ratio between the resistance value of resistor R77 and the total resistance value of the first voltage divider branch (the sum of the resistance values ​​of resistors R66 and R77). Specifically, resistor R66 can be understood as the equivalent resistance of several resistors connected in series or parallel. Resistor R77 can also be understood as the equivalent resistance of several resistors connected in series or parallel.

[0077] In some implementations, combined Figure 4As shown, the second voltage divider branch includes resistors R64 and R68. Resistors R64 and R68 are connected in series between the reference voltage point and ground. The node between resistors R64 and R68 is electrically connected to one input terminal of comparator U1. The voltage division ratio of the second voltage divider branch can be understood as the ratio between the resistance value of resistor R68 and the total resistance value of the second voltage divider branch (the sum of the resistance values ​​of resistors R64 and R68). Specifically, resistor R64 can be understood as the equivalent resistance of several resistors connected in series or parallel. Resistor R68 can also be understood as the equivalent resistance of several resistors connected in series or parallel. Specifically, the reference voltage point is the electrical position of the reference voltage relative to ground.

[0078] Furthermore, combined Figure 4 As shown, the judgment unit 401 also includes a capacitor C11, which is electrically connected between the reference voltage point and ground, thereby improving the stability of the reference voltage.

[0079] In some implementations, combined Figure 4 As shown, the output unit 402 includes a switch Q21, a switch Q20, a first current-limiting branch, and a first feedback branch. The control terminal of switch Q21 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the judgment unit 401, one current-carrying terminal of switch Q21 is electrically connected to the control terminal of switch Q20, and the other current-carrying terminal of switch Q21 is grounded. One current-carrying terminal of switch Q20 is used to input a reference voltage, and the other current-carrying terminal of switch Q20 is used to output a stop signal to the switch module 41. The first current-limiting branch is electrically connected between one current-carrying terminal of switch Q20 and the control terminal of switch Q20. The first feedback branch is electrically connected between the other current-carrying terminal of switch Q20 and the control terminal of switch Q21. Specifically, when the judgment unit 401 outputs a low-voltage identification signal to the control terminal of switch Q21, switch Q21 is turned on, and the control terminal of switch Q20 is in a low-potential state. The bias voltage between one current-carrying terminal and the control terminal of switch Q20 turns switch Q20 on, allowing the other current-carrying terminal of switch Q20 to output a stop signal. Specifically, the stop signal is a high-level signal with a voltage amplitude equal to the reference voltage. Since the first feedback branch is electrically connected between the other current-carrying terminal of switch Q20 and the control terminal of switch Q21, even after the low-voltage identification signal disappears, the other current-carrying terminal of switch Q20 can transmit a high-level signal to the control terminal of switch Q21, thus maintaining the conduction of switch Q21. Therefore, output unit 402 can maintain the output of the stop signal, preventing power supply unit 201 or other electronic components from repeatedly entering an overload state. More specifically, the other current-carrying terminal of switch Q20 outputs a stop signal to the stop control terminal of switch drive unit 411.

[0080] In some embodiments, the other current-carrying terminal of switch Q20 is also used to output an overload indication signal to the light indicator module 43. Specifically, resistor R11 is electrically connected between the other current-carrying terminal of switch Q20 and switch Q7. In some embodiments, when other modules capable of outputting stop signals are present, output unit 402 further includes diode D17, with the anode of diode D17 electrically connected to the other current-carrying terminal of switch Q20 and the cathode of diode D17 electrically connected to switch module 41. Through the reverse isolation effect of diode D17, the state of switch Q21 can be prevented from being interfered with by stop signals output by other modules.

[0081] In some implementations, combined Figure 4 As shown, the first current-limiting branch includes resistor R65. Resistor R65 is electrically connected between a current-carrying terminal of switch Q20 and a control terminal of switch Q20.

[0082] In some implementations, combined Figure 4 As shown, the first feedback branch includes a diode D34 and a resistor R71 connected in series between the other current-carrying terminal of switch Q20 and the control terminal of switch Q21. The unidirectional conduction direction of diode D34 corresponds to the direction from the other current-carrying terminal of switch Q20 to the control terminal of switch Q21, thus preventing the potential at the control terminal of switch Q21 from being directly transmitted as a stop signal.

[0083] In some implementations, combined Figure 4 As shown, the output unit 402 also includes an isolation delay branch. One end of the isolation delay branch is electrically connected to the output terminal of the judgment unit 401, the other end of the isolation delay branch is grounded, and the node of the isolation delay branch is electrically connected to the control terminal of the switch Q21. Specifically, the isolation delay branch is used to trigger the switch Q21 to conduct after the duration of the low-voltage identification signal exceeds a predetermined time threshold, thereby avoiding the switch module 41 from being difficult to stabilize in the conducting state due to occasional and short-term overload conditions. The isolation delay branch is also used to ensure voltage isolation between the control terminal of the switch Q21 and the output terminal of the judgment unit 401, preventing voltage clamping between the control terminal of the switch Q21 and the output terminal of the judgment unit 401.

[0084] Specifically, the portion of the isolation delay branch between the output of the judgment unit 401 and the control terminal of the switch Q21 is resistive, while the portion between the control terminal of the switch Q21 and ground is capacitive. When the output of the judgment unit 401 outputs a high-level low-voltage identification signal, the output of the judgment unit 401 inputs charge to the capacitive portion through the resistive portion. The resistive portion acts as a current limiter, requiring a certain rise time for the voltage to the capacitive portion. Therefore, the switch Q21 needs to remain on for a certain period of time after the low-voltage identification signal has been present before it can conduct.

[0085] In some implementations, combined Figure 4 As shown, the isolation delay branch includes resistor R74 and capacitor C20. Resistor R74 is electrically connected between the control terminal of switch Q21 and the output terminal of judgment unit 401. Capacitor C20 is electrically connected between the control terminal of switch Q21 and ground. Specifically, resistor R74 can be understood as the equivalent resistance of several resistors connected in series or parallel. Capacitor C20 can be understood as the equivalent capacitance of several capacitors connected in series or parallel. Specifically, by setting the resistance value of resistor R74 and the capacitance value of capacitor C20, the time required for the voltage of capacitor C20 to rise to trigger switch Q21 to conduct can be controlled, that is, the delay time from the appearance of the low-voltage identification signal to the conduction of switch Q21.

[0086] In some implementations, combined Figure 4 As shown, the output unit 402 also includes a resistor R76. Resistor R76 is electrically connected between the control terminal of the switch Q21 and ground. Specifically, when the low-voltage identification signal appears briefly and then disappears, resistor R76 can release the charge of capacitor C20, which helps to accelerate the voltage drop of capacitor C20, allowing the delay to restart when the low-voltage identification signal reappears. Specifically, resistor R76 also works with resistor R71 to form a voltage divider, ensuring that the first feedback branch applies a suitable voltage to the control terminal of the switch Q21. Specifically, resistor R76 also works with resistor R74 to form a voltage divider, ensuring that the output terminal of the judgment unit 401 applies a suitable voltage to the control terminal of the switch Q21.

[0087] In some implementations, combined Figure 6AAs shown, the light indicator module 43 includes a light-emitting diode (LED) D47 and a second current-limiting branch. The LED D47 and the second current-limiting branch are connected in series between the output terminal of the overload detection module 40 and ground. The unidirectional conduction direction of the LED D47 corresponds to the current direction from the output terminal of the overload detection module 40 to ground. Specifically, when the overload detection module 40 outputs an overload indication signal, the overload indication signal causes the LED D47 to conduct and generate an overload warning light. In some embodiments, the second current-limiting branch is electrically connected between the output terminal of the overload detection module 40 and the anode of the LED D47, and the cathode of the LED D47 is grounded. In other embodiments, the second current-limiting branch is electrically connected between the cathode of the LED D47 and ground, and the anode of the LED D47 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the overload detection module 40.

[0088] In some implementations, the second current-limiting branch includes a resistor R79. In one implementation, the resistor R79 is electrically connected between the cathode of the light-emitting diode D47 and ground, and the anode of the light-emitting diode D47 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the overload detection module 40.

[0089] In some implementations, combined Figure 6A As shown, the light indicator module 43 also includes a light-emitting diode (LED) D45, a switch Q22, and a third current-limiting branch. The third current-limiting branch is electrically connected between the anode of the LED D45 and the positive terminal of the power supply unit 201. One current-carrying terminal of the switch Q22 is electrically connected to the anode of the LED D45 or a node of the third current-limiting branch. The other current-carrying terminal of the switch Q22 is grounded, and the control terminal of the switch Q22 is electrically connected to the anode of the LED D47. Specifically, when the overload detection module 40 does not output an overload indication signal, the positive terminal of the power supply unit 201 transmits a high level to the LED D45 through the third current-limiting branch, causing the LED D45 to conduct and emit a standby indicator light. When the overload detection module 40 outputs an overload indication signal, the high level of the overload indication signal turns on the switch Q22, clamping the anode of the LED D45 to a low level, and no current flows through the LED D45, thus extinguishing the standby indicator light.

[0090] In some implementations, combined Figure 6A As shown, the third current-limiting branch includes resistors R57 and R58. Resistors R57 and R58 are connected in series between the positive terminal of power supply component 201 and the anode of light-emitting diode D45. In some embodiments, one current-carrying terminal of switch component Q22 is electrically connected to the anode of light-emitting diode D45. In other embodiments, one current-carrying terminal of switch component Q22 is electrically connected to the node between resistors R57 and R58.

[0091] In some implementations, combined Figure 6AAs shown, the light indicator module 43 also includes LEDs D42, D43, and D44. The anodes of LEDs D42, D43, and D44 are electrically connected to the positive terminal of the power supply unit 201. The cathodes of LEDs D42, D43, and D44 are electrically connected to one end of the third current-limiting branch. The other end of the third current-limiting branch is electrically connected to the anode of LED D45. Specifically, when the anode of LED D42 is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the power supply unit 201, LEDs D42, D43, and D44 are simultaneously turned on and jointly generate the ignition indicator light. The ignition indicator light indicates that the starting circuit 400 and the electrodes of the power supply unit 201 have completed electrical connection.

[0092] In some implementations, combined Figure 6A As shown, the light indicator module 43 also includes a light-emitting diode (LED) D39 and a resistor R56. The LED D39 and resistor R56 are connected in series between the output terminal of the temperature detection module 45 and ground. The unidirectional conduction direction of the LED D39 corresponds to the direction from the output terminal of the temperature detection module 45 to ground. When the voltage detection module 44 outputs an over-temperature warning signal, the LED D39 conducts and emits an over-temperature warning light.

[0093] In some implementations, combined Figure 6A As shown, the light indicator module 43 also includes a light-emitting diode (LED) D40. The LED D40 and resistor R56 are connected in series between the output terminal of the voltage detection module 44 and ground. The unidirectional conduction direction of the LED D40 corresponds to the direction from the output terminal of the voltage detection module 44 to ground. When the voltage detection module 44 outputs a voltage abnormality warning signal, the LED D40 conducts and emits a voltage abnormality warning light.

[0094] In some implementations, combined Figure 6B As shown, the audible alarm module 42 includes an electroacoustic element BZ1, a switch Q3, resistors R6 and R8. One end of the electroacoustic element BZ1 is electrically connected to a reference voltage point. The other end of the electroacoustic element BZ1 is electrically connected to one current-carrying terminal of the switch Q3. The other current-carrying terminal of the switch Q3 is grounded. Resistor R6 is electrically connected between the output terminal of the overload detection module 40 and the control terminal of the switch Q3. Resistor R8 is electrically connected between the output terminal of the overload detection module 40 and ground. Specifically, when the output terminal of the overload detection module 40 outputs a stop signal, the switch Q3 is turned on, creating a potential difference between the two ends of the electroacoustic element BZ1. Current flows through the electroacoustic element BZ1, causing it to emit an alarm sound. In some embodiments, the electroacoustic element BZ1 may be a buzzer or other device capable of generating sound when energized.

[0095] In some implementations, combined Figure 6B As shown, the sound alarm module 42 also includes a diode D2. The cathode of diode D2 is electrically connected to one end of the electroacoustic element BZ1, and the anode of diode D2 is electrically connected to the other end of the electroacoustic element BZ1, thereby releasing the reverse electromotive force of the electroacoustic element BZ1 through diode D2.

[0096] In some implementations, the output of the voltage regulator module 49 is used to input a reference voltage to one end of the second voltage divider branch.

[0097] In some implementations, combined Figure 7 As shown, the voltage regulator module 49 includes a voltage regulator U2, a resistor R2, and a capacitor C3. Resistor R2 is electrically connected between the input terminal of the voltage regulator U2 and the positive terminal of the power supply unit 201. Capacitor C3 is electrically connected between the input terminal of the voltage regulator U2 and ground.

[0098] In some embodiments, the voltage regulator module 49 further includes a diode D28 and a capacitor C7. The anode of diode D28 is electrically connected to the positive terminal of power supply unit 201, and the cathode of diode D28 is electrically connected to resistor R2. Capacitor C7 is a electrolytic capacitor, and the positive terminal of capacitor C7 is electrically connected to the cathode of diode D28, while the negative terminal of capacitor C7 is grounded. In some embodiments, the positive terminal of power supply unit 201 is electrically connected to overload detection module 40, switch module 41, voltage detection module 44, or light indicator module 43 via diode D28 to prevent overload detection module 40, switch module 41, voltage detection module 44, or light indicator module 43 from being affected by reverse voltage when power supply unit 201 is reverse connected.

[0099] In some implementations, combined Figure 7 As shown, the voltage regulator module 49 also includes capacitors C4 and C6. Capacitor C4 is electrically connected between the output terminal of the voltage regulator U2 and ground. Capacitor C6 is a decapsulator, and the positive terminal of capacitor C6 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the voltage regulator U2, while the negative terminal of capacitor C6 is grounded. Specifically, the ground terminal of the voltage regulator U2 is grounded. The voltage regulator U2 is a voltage regulator or an IC chip with voltage regulation function.

[0100] In some implementations, combined Figure 8As shown, the voltage detection module 44 includes a comparator U5, a third voltage divider branch, and a fourth voltage divider branch. The third voltage divider branch is electrically connected between the positive terminal of the power supply unit 201 and ground, and its intermediate node is electrically connected to the inverting input terminal of the comparator U5. The fourth voltage divider branch is electrically connected between the reference voltage point and ground, and its intermediate node is electrically connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the comparator U5. The output terminal of the comparator U5 is used to output a stop signal. Specifically, when the output voltage of the power supply unit 201 is lower than the second voltage threshold, the output terminal of the comparator U5 outputs a high-level stop signal. Specifically, the output terminal of the comparator U5 is used to output a voltage abnormality indication signal. In some embodiments, one end of the third voltage divider branch is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the power supply unit 201 through a diode D28.

[0101] In some embodiments, the third voltage divider branch includes resistors R22 and R30. Resistors R22 and R30 are connected in series between the positive terminal of the power supply unit 201 and ground. The node between resistors R22 and R30 is electrically connected to the inverting input terminal of comparator U5. In some embodiments, the fourth voltage divider branch includes resistors R18 and R33. Resistors R18 and R33 are connected in series between the reference voltage point and ground. The node between resistors R18 and R33 is electrically connected to the non-inverting input terminal of comparator U5.

[0102] Specifically, in combination Figure 8 As shown, the voltage detection module 44 also includes a diode D12, and the output terminal of the comparator U5 is electrically connected to the anode of the diode D12. The cathode of the diode D12 is used to output a stop signal. Through the reverse isolation effect of the diode D12, the state of the output terminal of the comparator U5 can be prevented from being interfered with by stop signals output by other modules. In some embodiments, the voltage detection module 44 also includes a capacitor C10, which is electrically connected between the non-inverting input terminal of the comparator U5 and ground, thereby playing a filtering role.

[0103] In some implementations, combined Figure 8As shown, the voltage detection module 44 also includes a comparator U6, a fifth voltage divider branch, and a sixth voltage divider branch. The fifth voltage divider branch is electrically connected between the positive terminal of the car battery 601 and ground, and its intermediate node is electrically connected to the non-inverting input of the comparator U6. The sixth voltage divider branch is electrically connected between the reference voltage point and ground, and its intermediate node is electrically connected to the inverting input of the comparator U6. The output of the comparator U6 is electrically connected to the non-inverting input of the comparator U5. When the voltage at the positive terminal of the car battery 601 is greater than the fourth voltage threshold, the output of the comparator U6 inputs the reference voltage to the non-inverting input of the comparator U5, causing the voltage at the non-inverting input of the comparator U5 to rise. Therefore, when the output voltage of the power supply unit 201 remains unchanged, but the voltage at the positive terminal of the car battery 601 is too high, the output of the comparator U5 outputs a high-level stop signal and a voltage abnormality warning signal.

[0104] In some embodiments, the fifth voltage divider branch includes resistors R19 and R31. Resistors R19 and R31 are connected in series between the positive terminal of the vehicle battery 601 and ground. The connection point between resistors R19 and R31 is electrically connected to the non-inverting input of comparator U6. In some embodiments, the sixth voltage divider branch includes resistors R25 and R34. Resistors R25 and R34 are connected in series between the reference voltage point and ground. The connection point between resistors R25 and R34 is electrically connected to the inverting input of comparator U6.

[0105] Specifically, in combination Figure 8 As shown, the voltage detection module 44 also includes a diode D13. Diode D13 is electrically connected between the output of comparator U6 and the non-inverting input of comparator U5. The unidirectional conduction direction of diode D13 corresponds to the current direction from the output of comparator U6 to the non-inverting input of comparator U5, thereby preventing the output voltage of comparator U6 from affecting the voltage of the intermediate node of the fourth voltage divider branch when the output of comparator U6 is at a low level.

[0106] In some embodiments, the voltage detection module 44 further includes an overvoltage detection branch. The overvoltage detection branch is electrically connected between the positive terminal of the power supply unit 201 and the node of the fifth voltage divider branch. When the output voltage of the power supply unit 201 exceeds a third voltage threshold, the overvoltage detection branch is activated and transmits a voltage greater than the voltage at the inverting input of comparator U6. The output of comparator U6 inputs a reference voltage to the non-inverting input of comparator U5, causing the voltage at the non-inverting input of comparator U5 to rise. Therefore, when the output voltage of the power supply unit 201 is too high, the output of comparator U5 outputs a high-level stop signal and a voltage abnormality warning signal.

[0107] In some implementations, combined Figure 8As shown, the overvoltage detection branch includes a Zener diode ZD2, a diode D7, and a resistor R40. Zener diodes ZD2 and D7, along with resistor R40, are connected in series between the positive terminal of power supply component 201 and the node of the fifth voltage divider branch. The unidirectional conduction direction of Zener diode ZD2 corresponds to the current direction from the node of the fifth voltage divider branch to the positive terminal of power supply component 201. The unidirectional conduction direction of diode D7 corresponds to the current direction from the positive terminal of power supply component 201 to the node of the fifth voltage divider branch. Specifically, when the output voltage of power supply component 201 exceeds the third voltage threshold, Zener diode ZD2 breaks down in reverse. Resistors R40 and R31 proportionally distribute the output voltage of power supply component 201 to the non-inverting input of comparator U6, causing the voltage at the non-inverting input of comparator U6 to rise. Before Zener diode ZD2 conducts, diode D7 is used to prevent the voltage at the non-inverting input of comparator U6 from interfering with the positive voltage of power supply component 201.

[0108] In some embodiments, the voltage detection module 44 further includes a second feedback branch. The second feedback branch is electrically connected between the output of comparator U5 and the non-inverting input of comparator U5. When a high level appears at the output of comparator U5, this high level is transmitted to the non-inverting input of comparator U5 through the second feedback branch, thereby locking the output state of comparator U5 to a high level and maintaining the output of a stop signal, which is in the form of a high level. In some embodiments, the second feedback branch includes a diode D5 and a resistor R20. Diode D5 and resistor R20 are connected in series between the output of comparator U5 and the non-inverting input of comparator U5. The unidirectional conduction direction of diode D5 corresponds to the current direction from the output of comparator U5 to the non-inverting input of comparator U5.

[0109] In some implementations, combined Figure 9A As shown, the temperature detection module 45 includes a comparator U3, a seventh voltage divider branch, and an eighth voltage divider branch. The seventh voltage divider branch is electrically connected between the reference voltage point and ground. A node of the seventh voltage divider branch is electrically connected to one input terminal of the comparator U3. The resistance value of a portion of the seventh voltage divider branch is temperature sensitive. The eighth voltage divider branch is electrically connected between the reference voltage point and ground. A node of the eighth voltage divider branch is electrically connected to the other input terminal of the comparator U3. The output terminal of the comparator U3 is used to output a stop signal to the switch module 41. In some embodiments, the output terminal of the comparator U3 is also used to output an over-temperature warning signal to the light indicator module 43.

[0110] In some embodiments, the seventh voltage divider branch includes resistor R23 and resistor NTC1. Resistor NTC1 is a negative temperature coefficient thermistor. Resistor R23 and resistor NTC1 are connected in series between the reference voltage point and ground. The connection node between resistor R23 and resistor NTC1 is electrically connected to the inverting input terminal of comparator U3. In other embodiments, resistor NTC1 can be replaced with a positive temperature coefficient thermistor, and the connection node between resistor R23 and resistor NTC1 is electrically connected to the non-inverting input terminal of comparator U3. In some embodiments, the temperature detection module 45 also includes capacitor C15, which is electrically connected between the inverting input terminal of comparator U3 and ground, thereby serving a filtering function.

[0111] In some implementations, combined Figure 9A As shown, the eighth voltage divider branch includes resistors R21 and R32. Resistors R21 and R32 are connected in series between the reference voltage point and ground. The connection node between resistors R21 and R32 is electrically connected to the non-inverting input of comparator U3.

[0112] In some embodiments, the temperature detection module 45 further includes a third feedback branch. The third feedback branch is electrically connected between the output of comparator U3 and the non-inverting input of comparator U3. When a high level appears at the output of comparator U3, this high level is transmitted to the non-inverting input of comparator U3 through the third feedback branch, thereby locking the output state of comparator U3 to a high level and maintaining the output of a stop signal. This stop signal is in the form of a high level. In some embodiments, the third feedback branch includes a diode D9 and a resistor R17. Diode D9 and resistor R17 are connected in series between the output of comparator U3 and the non-inverting input of comparator U3. The unidirectional conduction direction of diode D9 corresponds to the current direction from the output of comparator U3 to the non-inverting input of comparator U3.

[0113] In some implementations, combined Figure 9A As shown, the temperature detection module 45 also includes a diode D11. The output of comparator U3 outputs a stop signal to the switch module 41 through diode D11. The reverse isolation effect of diode D11 prevents interference from stop signals output by other modules on the output of comparator U3. More specifically, the output of comparator U3 is electrically connected to the anode of diode D11. The cathode of diode D11 is electrically connected to the switch module 41.

[0114] In some implementations, the output of the detection timing module 46 is electrically connected to the timing control terminal of the switch drive unit 411.

[0115] In some implementations, combined Figure 9BAs shown, the timing module 46 includes a timing management chip U4, resistors R16, R27, R41, R61, capacitors C8, C16, and C17, diodes D10, D19, and D20.

[0116] Specifically, the timing management chip U4 has pins 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8. In some embodiments, the timing management chip U4 is an NE555 timing chip.

[0117] Specifically, in combination Figure 9B As shown, pin 1 of timing management chip U4 is grounded. Capacitor C8 is electrically connected between pin 5 of timing management chip U4 and ground. Capacitor C17 is electrically connected between pin 2 of timing management chip U4 and ground, and also between pin 6 of timing management chip U4 and ground. The anode of diode D20 is electrically connected to pins 2 and 6. Resistor R16 is electrically connected between the cathode of diode D20 and pin 7. The cathode of diode D19 is electrically connected to pin 2, and the anode of diode D19 is electrically connected to pin 7. Resistor R27 is electrically connected between pin 7 and pin 4. Pin 4 is electrically connected to pin 8. Resistor R61 and capacitor C16 are connected in parallel between pin 4 and ground. Pin 4 is electrically connected to access detection module 47. Resistor R41 is electrically connected between pin 3 and switch module 41. The cathode of diode D10 is electrically connected to pin 3, and the anode of diode D10 is electrically connected to switch module 41.

[0118] Specifically, resistor R41 is electrically connected between pin 3 and the aging control terminal of switch drive unit 411. The cathode of diode D10 is electrically connected to pin 3, and the anode of diode D10 is electrically connected to the aging control terminal.

[0119] In some embodiments, when the potential difference between the two electrodes of the car battery 601 exceeds a fifth voltage threshold, the access detection module 47 outputs a power-on trigger signal to the fourth pin of the timing management chip U4. Specifically, the power-on trigger signal is a reference voltage in the form of a signal to power the timing management chip U4, causing the timing management chip U4 to start operating. During startup, the third pin of the timing management chip U4, through resistor R41 and diode D10, switches the timing control terminal of the switch drive unit 411 between an effective level and an ineffective level. In other embodiments, the power-on trigger signal can also be a short-time pulse signal that wakes up the timing management chip U4.

[0120] In some implementations, combined Figure 10AAs shown, one input terminal of the access detection module 47 is electrically connected to the contact 500. More specifically, the contact 500 is used to electrically connect to the positive terminal of the car battery 601. Specifically, the output terminal of the access detection module 47 is used to output a power-on trigger signal to the detection timing module 46 and the standby delay module 48. The access detection module 47 is also electrically connected to a reference voltage point.

[0121] In some implementations, combined Figure 10A As shown, the access detection module 47 includes switches Q10 and Q16, resistors R42, R49, and R51, and capacitor C19. One current-carrying terminal of switch Q16 is electrically connected to a reference voltage point, and the other current-carrying terminal of switch Q16 is used to output a power-on trigger signal to the detection timing module 46 and the standby delay module 48. Resistor R42 is electrically connected between one current-carrying terminal of switch Q16 and the control terminal of switch Q16. One current-carrying terminal of switch Q10 is electrically connected to the control terminal of switch Q16. The other current-carrying terminal of switch Q10 is grounded. Resistor R49 is electrically connected between contact 500 and the control terminal of switch Q10. Resistor R51 and capacitor C19 are connected in parallel between the control terminal of switch Q10 and ground.

[0122] Specifically, resistors R49 and R51 act as a voltage divider for the car battery 601. When the potential at the positive terminal of the car battery 601 is greater than the fifth voltage threshold, the voltage across resistor R51 is greater than the bias voltage at the control terminal of switch Q10, causing switch Q10 to conduct. Subsequently, the control terminal of switch Q16 is clamped to a low potential, and a potential difference exists between one current-carrying terminal of switch Q16 and its control terminal, causing switch Q16 to conduct and output a power-on trigger signal to the detection timing module 46 and the standby delay module 48. This power-on trigger signal is in the form of a reference voltage.

[0123] In some implementations, the output of the standby delay module 48 is electrically connected to the timing control terminal of the switch drive unit 411.

[0124] In some implementations, combined Figure 10B As shown, the standby delay module 48 includes switches Q1, Q2, Q4, resistors R1, R4, R5, R9, R13, R43, capacitors C1 and C2, diode D1 and diode D30.

[0125] Specifically, one current-carrying terminal of switch Q1 is electrically connected to the access detection module 47 to receive a power-on trigger signal. Resistor R1 and capacitor C1 are connected in series between one current-carrying terminal of switch Q1 and ground. One end of resistor R4 is electrically connected to the control terminal of switch Q1, and the other end is electrically connected to the connection node between resistor R1 and capacitor C1. The other current-carrying terminal of switch Q1 is electrically connected to the anode of diode D1. Resistor R5 is electrically connected between the cathode of diode D1 and the control terminal of switch Q2. The anode of capacitor C2 is electrically connected to the cathode of diode D1. The cathode of capacitor C2 is grounded. Specifically, capacitor C2 is an electrolytic capacitor.

[0126] Specifically, resistors R43 and R9 are connected in series between the reference voltage point and the control terminal of switch Q4. One current-carrying terminal of switch Q2 is electrically connected to the connection node between resistors R43 and R9. The other current-carrying terminal of switch Q2 is grounded. Resistor R13 is electrically connected between the control terminal of switch Q4 and ground. One current-carrying terminal of switch Q4 is electrically connected to the cathode of diode D30, and the other current-carrying terminal of switch Q4 is grounded. The anode of diode D30 is electrically connected to the aging control terminal of switch drive unit 411.

[0127] Specifically, when one current-carrying terminal of switch Q1 receives a power-on trigger signal from the access detection module 47, the reference voltage in the form of the trigger signal is used. The detection module receives the charging of capacitor C1 through resistor R1. Because the control terminal of switch Q1 is clamped to a lower voltage by capacitor C1, a potential difference exists between one current-carrying terminal and the control terminal of switch Q1 for a short time, causing switch Q1 to conduct for a short period of time. During the conduction period of switch Q1, switch Q1 charges capacitor C2 through diode D1. In some embodiments, the conduction duration of switch Q1 is approximately 1 second. In other embodiments, the conduction duration of switch Q1 can be adjusted according to actual needs, specifically by adjusting the resistance value of resistor R1 or the capacitance value of capacitor C1.

[0128] When the voltage across capacitor C1 rises to match the voltage at one current-carrying terminal of switch Q1, switch Q1 opens, and the charge in capacitor C2 is released through resistor R5 and switch Q2. When the voltage across capacitor C2 exceeds the bias voltage at the control terminal of switch Q2, switch Q2 turns on, clamping the control terminal of switch Q4 to a low potential, and switch Q4 remains off. Due to the limitation of resistor R5, the discharge process of capacitor C2 needs to continue for a period of time. During this period, switch Q4 remains off, preventing the timing control terminal of switch drive unit 411 from being clamped to a low level. When the voltage across capacitor C2 drops to a level that prevents switch Q2 from remaining on, switch Q2 turns off. The reference voltage point is divided by resistors R43, R9, and R13 and applied to the control terminal of switch Q4, turning on switch Q4. After switch Q4 turns on, the timing control terminal of switch drive unit 411 is clamped to a low level, and switch drive unit 411 keeps switch K1 off.

[0129] Specifically, the duration for which switch Q2 remains on can be understood as a standby timing process. After switch Q4 is turned on, the startup circuit 400 maintains a standby state. In some embodiments, the standby timing duration is approximately 60 seconds. In other embodiments, the duration for which switch Q2 is on can be adjusted according to actual needs, specifically by adjusting the resistance value of resistor R5 or the capacitance value of capacitor C2.

[0130] In some implementations, combined Figure 10B As shown, the standby delay module 48 also includes a switch Q5, resistors R10 and R14. The anode of diode D30 is also electrically connected to one current-carrying terminal of switch Q5, and the other current-carrying terminal of switch Q5 is grounded. Resistor R10 is electrically connected between the other current-carrying terminal of switch Q1 and the control terminal of switch Q5. Resistor R14 is electrically connected between the control terminal of switch Q5 and ground. Specifically, during the conduction period of switch Q1, the node between resistors R10 and R14 has a potential, causing switch Q5 to conduct, clamping the timing control terminal of switch drive unit 411 to a low level, thereby keeping switch K1 off before the standby timing.

[0131] The above embodiments are merely descriptions of preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Any modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of this application without departing from the spirit of this application should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A startup circuit, characterized in that, include: Overload detection module, used for electrically connecting the electrodes of the power supply component; The overload detection module is used to detect the potential difference between the two electrodes of the power supply component, and outputs a stop signal when the potential difference between the two electrodes of the power supply component is lower than a first voltage threshold. and A switching module is used to electrically connect the electrodes of the power supply unit and the electrodes of the car battery; the switching module has an on state and an off state; the switching module is used to switch to the off state when the stop signal is received.

2. The startup circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The overload detection module includes a judgment unit and an output unit; the judgment unit is used to electrically connect to the electrodes of the power supply component, and the judgment unit outputs a low-voltage identification signal when the potential difference between the two electrodes of the power supply component is lower than the first voltage threshold; the output unit maintains the output of the stop signal after receiving the low-voltage identification signal.

3. The startup circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The judgment unit includes a comparator U1, a first voltage divider branch, and a second voltage divider branch; one end of the first voltage divider branch is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the power supply device, and a node of the first voltage divider branch is electrically connected to one input terminal of the comparator U1; one end of the second voltage divider branch is used to input a reference voltage, and a node of the second voltage divider branch is electrically connected to the other input terminal of the comparator U1; the output terminal of the comparator U1 is electrically connected to the output unit and is used to transmit the low-voltage identification signal to the output unit.

4. The startup circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a voltage regulator module; the voltage regulator module is used to electrically connect the electrodes of the power supply component; the voltage regulator module is also used to input a reference voltage to one end of the second voltage divider branch.

5. The startup circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The output unit includes a switch Q21, a switch Q20, a first current-limiting branch, and a first feedback branch; the control terminal of the switch Q21 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the judgment unit; one current-carrying terminal of the switch Q21 is electrically connected to the control terminal of the switch Q20, and the other current-carrying terminal of the switch Q21 is grounded; one current-carrying terminal of the switch Q20 is used to input a reference voltage, and the other current-carrying terminal of the switch Q20 is used to output the stop signal; the first current-limiting branch is electrically connected between one current-carrying terminal of the switch Q20 and the control terminal of the switch Q20; the first feedback branch is electrically connected between the other current-carrying terminal of the switch Q20 and the control terminal of the switch Q21.

6. The startup circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The output unit further includes an isolation delay branch; one end of the isolation delay branch is electrically connected to the output terminal of the judgment unit, and the other end of the isolation delay branch is grounded; the node of the isolation delay branch is electrically connected to the control terminal of the switch Q21.

7. The startup circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that, The isolation delay branch includes a resistor R74 and a capacitor C20; the resistor R74 is electrically connected between the control terminal of the switch Q21 and the output terminal of the judgment unit; the capacitor C20 is electrically connected between the control terminal of the switch Q21 and ground.

8. The startup circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a sound alarm module electrically connected to the overload detection module; the sound alarm module is used to emit an alarm sound when the stop signal is received.

9. The startup circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a light indicator module electrically connected to the overload detection module; the overload detection module is also used to output an overload indication signal when the potential difference between the two electrodes of the power supply is lower than the first voltage threshold. The light indicator module is used to emit an overload warning light when it receives the overload indication signal.

10. The startup circuit according to claim 9, characterized in that, The light indicator module includes a light-emitting diode D47 and a second current-limiting branch; the light-emitting diode D47 and the second current-limiting branch are connected in series between the output terminal of the overload detection module and ground; the unidirectional conduction direction of the light-emitting diode D47 corresponds to the current direction from the output terminal of the overload detection module to ground.

11. The startup circuit according to claim 10, characterized in that, The light indicator module also includes a light-emitting diode D45, a switch Q22, and a third current-limiting branch; the third current-limiting branch is used to electrically connect between the anode of the light-emitting diode D45 and the positive terminal of the power supply; one current-carrying terminal of the switch Q22 is electrically connected to the anode of the light-emitting diode D45 or the node of the third current-limiting branch; the other current-carrying terminal of the switch Q22 is grounded; the control terminal of the switch Q22 is electrically connected to the anode of the light-emitting diode D47.

12. An ignition clip, characterized in that, It includes a contact element and a start-up circuit as described in any one of claims 1 to 11; the contact element is electrically connected to the switch module.

13. A starting power supply, characterized in that, It includes a power supply component and a startup circuit as described in any one of claims 1 to 11; the overload detection module is electrically connected to the electrodes of the power supply component.

14. A starting device, characterized in that, A starting power supply, an ignition clip, and a starting circuit as described in any one of claims 1 to 11; the switching module is electrically connected between the starting power supply and the ignition clip.

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