Forestry pest monitoring and prevention system based on unmanned aerial vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses an unmanned aerial vehicle-based forestry pest monitoring and prevention system, which comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle carrying module, an unmanned aerial vehicle mounting module, a forest management system terminal and a networking data terminal, and is characterized in that the unmanned aerial vehicle carrying module is used for receiving an instruction sent by the forest management system terminal and completing starting, stopping and navigation of an unmanned aerial vehicle; the unmanned aerial vehicle mounting module collects image data and sends the image data to the forest management system terminal, the unmanned aerial vehicle mounting module is used for mounting different types of pest control objects, the forest management system terminal is used for receiving the image data, processing the image data and uploading the processed image data to the networking data terminal, and the networking data terminal is used for comparing the image data with a database. And the types and the coping methods of the pests are judged and returned to the forest management system terminal. According to the invention, the efficiency of the forestry pest monitoring and prevention process is improved, forest trees with different heights can be monitored, the pests are identified through the Internet database, the prevention method is accurately obtained, and the workload of forest farm workers is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of forest pest monitoring systems, and more specifically to a forest pest monitoring and control system based on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Background Technology

[0002] Forest diseases refer to pathological changes in the physiology, tissues, and morphology of trees caused by biological factors. Forest pests refer to insects that harm forests and forest products. The two are often collectively referred to as forest diseases and pests. They can lead to poor tree growth, reduced product quality, and even cause the death of trees or the entire forest farm and the deterioration of the ecological environment. The organisms that cause forest diseases mainly include viruses, fungi, bacteria, and parasitic plants. Among them, fungal diseases and pests are the most numerous. Forest pests can be divided into root pests, stem pests, leaf pests, and fruit and seed pests according to their damage parts and lifestyles. Longhorn beetles, which are stem pests, seriously threaten the Three-North Shelterbelt, which is mainly composed of poplar trees.

[0003] Traditional methods of monitoring and protecting forest pests and diseases mainly rely on forest rangers to patrol forests and observe whether tree branches and fruits are diseased and what types of diseases they are. Then, they formulate corresponding treatment plans based on the causes of the diseases. This method is inefficient. Moreover, some of the shelterbelts in northern my country are poplar forests, which can reach a height of 30 meters. It is difficult for forest rangers to judge pests and diseases at high altitudes. Therefore, the pest and disease control process in modern forestry needs to be combined with devices with high-altitude operation capabilities, such as drones, to monitor and control harmful organisms in forests. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a forestry pest monitoring and control system based on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), which solves the problems of low efficiency and inability to monitor tall trees in traditional forestry pest monitoring and protection methods.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is: a forestry pest monitoring and control system based on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), including a UAV-mounted module, a UAV-attached module, a forest management system terminal, and a networked data terminal;

[0006] The drone-mounted module includes:

[0007] The power system is used to start, stop, and fly the drone;

[0008] The flight control system, or flight control system, is used to output commands to the power system;

[0009] The data acquisition module is used to acquire image data;

[0010] The data transceiver module is used to transmit the image data collected by the data acquisition module to the forest management system terminal, and to transmit the commands issued by the forest management system terminal back to the UAV-mounted module.

[0011] The data transceiver module is electrically connected to the power system, flight control system, and data acquisition module, respectively.

[0012] The drone mounting module is used to mount containers loaded with different types of pest control materials to the drone mounting module.

[0013] The forest management system terminal is used to receive data transmitted by the module carried by the UAV, analyze and process the data, and then upload it to the networked data terminal.

[0014] The networked data terminal is used to compare the analyzed image data with the data in the database to determine the types of harmful organisms on the trees and obtain countermeasures, and then transmit the countermeasures back to the forest management system terminal.

[0015] The forest management system terminal is communicatively connected to the data transceiver module, and the networked database is communicatively connected to the forest management system terminal.

[0016] Furthermore, the power system includes:

[0017] Batteries are used to power the modules carried by the drone;

[0018] The electronic speed controller is used to convert the DC power supplied by the battery into AC power and to control the motor speed after receiving flight control commands.

[0019] The electric motor drives the propeller to rotate, providing lift to the drone.

[0020] Furthermore, the flight control system includes:

[0021] GPS is used to obtain the latitude and longitude of the drone relative to the Earth's coordinate system and determine the drone's location;

[0022] A barometer is used to measure atmospheric pressure and determine the altitude of a drone.

[0023] An IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit) is used to measure the speed and acceleration of a drone during its movement, and to calculate the drone's motion state.

[0024] Furthermore, the data acquisition module includes:

[0025] Aerial cameras are used to acquire information about the condition of tree branches, leaves, and fruits.

[0026] Ultrasonic sensors are used to detect the distance between drones and surrounding obstacles, preventing collisions that could cause mechanical damage to the drone.

[0027] Furthermore, the drone mounting module is installed on the drone body, and the drone attachment module is installed below the drone body, with the drone attachment module and the drone mounting module being electrically connected.

[0028] Furthermore, the specific process of data analysis and processing in the forest management system terminal is as follows:

[0029] The forest management system terminal received image data uploaded by the module mounted on the drone;

[0030] The forest management system terminal categorizes trees into three types based on the location captured in the images: branches, leaves, and fruits.

[0031] Then, through identification, images showing trees in a healthy state are removed, leaving images that are clearly caused by pests or suspected to be caused by pests;

[0032] Images showing disease or suspected disease are uploaded to the networked data terminal.

[0033] Furthermore, it also includes a method for a drone-based forestry pest control system, comprising the following steps:

[0034] S1: After fully charging the battery in the power system, load it into the drone, connect the power, place the drone in an open area and start it. At this time, the drone mounting module under the drone is in an unloaded state. Send instructions to the drone through the forest management system terminal, and the drone will collect images of the trees in the designated area according to the instructions.

[0035] S2: The collected images are sent to the forest management system terminal through the data transceiver module. The forest management system terminal analyzes and processes the received images, removes images without signs of pests and diseases, retains images with signs of pests and diseases or suspected signs of pests and diseases, and sends the retained images to the networked data terminal.

[0036] S3: The networked data terminal compares the received image data with the database to determine the types of harmful organisms present in the forest and obtain countermeasures, and then transmits the countermeasures back to the forest management system terminal.

[0037] S4: The forest management system terminal transmits information such as the types of harmful organisms and the methods of dealing with them to the forest management station workers through the display. The forest management station workers can adjust their response strategies in a timely manner and change the types of drugs or natural enemies carried in the drone's payload module.

[0038] S5: The latest instructions are issued to the drone-mounted module through the forest management system terminal, and the drone performs operations such as spraying pesticides and releasing natural enemies along the designated route to the damaged trees.

[0039] Advantages of this invention:

[0040] This invention combines hardware and software, connecting a drone, a forest management system terminal, and a networked data terminal to achieve the monitoring and control of forest pests. The drone collects real-time image data of the forest farm, transmits the image data to the forest management system terminal for analysis, and sends images of pests or suspected pests to the networked data terminal. The networked data terminal compares the analyzed image data with data in its database to determine the type of pest or disease and sends the corresponding response method back to the forest management system terminal, which then issues instructions to the drone for processing.

[0041] In addition to the objectives, features, and advantages described above, the present invention has other objectives, features, and advantages. The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the figures. Attached Figure Description

[0042] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0045] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0046] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0047] refer to Figures 1 to 2 A forestry pest monitoring and control system based on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) includes a UAV-mounted module, a UAV-attached module, a forest management system terminal, and a networked data terminal.

[0048] The drone-mounted module includes:

[0049] The power system is used to start, stop, and fly the drone;

[0050] The flight control system, or flight control system, is used to output commands to the power system;

[0051] The data acquisition module is used to acquire image data;

[0052] The data transceiver module is used to transmit the image data collected by the data acquisition module to the forest management system terminal, and to transmit the commands issued by the forest management system terminal back to the UAV-mounted module.

[0053] The data transceiver module is electrically connected to the power system, flight control system, and data acquisition module, respectively.

[0054] The drone mounting module is used to mount containers containing different types of pest control agents to the drone mounting module. It should be noted that the pest control agents include, but are not limited to, pesticide powders, liquids, natural enemies of pests, sex pheromones, or insecticides and other biochemical products.

[0055] The forest management system terminal is used to receive data transmitted by the module carried by the UAV, analyze and process the data, and then upload it to the networked data terminal.

[0056] The networked data terminal is used to compare the analyzed image data with the database to determine the types of harmful organisms on the trees and obtain countermeasures, and then transmit the countermeasures back to the forest management system terminal.

[0057] The forest management system terminal is communicatively connected to the data transceiver module, and the networked database is communicatively connected to the forest management system terminal.

[0058] The power system includes:

[0059] Batteries are used to power the modules carried by the drone;

[0060] The electronic speed controller is used to convert the DC power supplied by the battery into AC power and to control the motor speed after receiving flight control commands.

[0061] The electric motor drives the propeller to rotate, providing lift to the drone.

[0062] The flight control system includes:

[0063] GPS is used to obtain the latitude and longitude of the drone relative to the Earth's coordinate system and determine the drone's location;

[0064] A barometer is used to measure atmospheric pressure and determine the altitude of a drone.

[0065] An IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit) is used to measure the speed and acceleration of a drone during its movement and to calculate the drone's state.

[0066] The data acquisition module includes:

[0067] Aerial cameras are used to acquire information about the condition of tree branches, leaves, and fruits.

[0068] The ultrasonic sensor is used to detect the distance between the drone and surrounding obstacles to prevent collisions that could cause mechanical damage to the drone. It should be noted that the aerial camera and ultrasonic sensor are electrically connected to the data transceiver module.

[0069] The drone mounting module is installed on the drone body, and the drone attachment module is installed below the drone body. The drone attachment module and the drone mounting module are electrically connected.

[0070] The specific process of data analysis and processing in the forest management system terminal is as follows:

[0071] The forest management system terminal received image data uploaded by the module mounted on the drone;

[0072] The forest management system terminal categorizes trees into three types based on the location captured in the images: branches, leaves, and fruits.

[0073] Then, through identification, images showing trees in a healthy state are removed, leaving images that are clearly caused by pests or suspected to be caused by pests;

[0074] Images showing disease or suspected disease are uploaded to the networked data terminal.

[0075] refer to Figure 2 The present invention also includes a method for a forestry pest control system based on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), comprising the following steps:

[0076] S1: After fully charging the battery in the power system, load it into the drone, connect the power, place the drone in an open area and start it. At this time, the drone mounting module under the drone is in an unloaded state. Send instructions to the drone through the forest management system terminal, and the drone will collect images of the trees in the designated area according to the instructions.

[0077] S2: The collected images are sent to the forest management system terminal through the data transceiver module. The forest management system terminal analyzes and processes the received images, removes images without signs of pests and diseases, retains images with signs of pests and diseases or suspected signs of pests and diseases, and sends the retained images to the networked data terminal.

[0078] S3: The networked data terminal compares the received image data with the database to determine the types of harmful organisms present in the forest and obtain countermeasures, and then transmits the countermeasures back to the forest management system terminal.

[0079] S4: The forest management system terminal transmits information such as the types of harmful organisms and the methods of dealing with them to the forest management station workers through the display. The forest management station workers can adjust their response strategies in a timely manner and change the types of drugs or natural enemies carried in the drone's payload module.

[0080] S5: The latest instructions are issued to the drone-mounted module through the forest management system terminal, and the drone performs operations such as spraying pesticides and releasing natural enemies along the designated route to the damaged trees.

[0081] In one embodiment of the present invention, during the first flight of the UAV, the UAV's payload module is in an unloaded state, meaning it does not carry any pesticides or natural enemies of harmful organisms. The purpose of the first flight is to scan the entire forest or part of the forest, determine whether trees are affected by pests or diseases, and promptly collect images. The image data is then uploaded to the forest management system terminal via a data transceiver module. The forest management system terminal, in terms of hardware, is a computer with network connectivity, image analysis and processing capabilities, and data transceiver functions. Its function is to receive image data packets uploaded by the UAV-mounted system, analyze the images, classify the received images according to different parts such as branches, leaves, and fruits, and judge the classified images based on the system or human eye to determine whether the tree is diseased. Images that do not show disease are removed from the data packet, retaining images that are clearly caused by pests or suspected pests. After completing this process, the retained image data is packaged and sent to the networked data terminal. The reason why the networked data terminal does not directly communicate with the UAV-mounted system is that the UAV... Images captured by drones during pest control monitoring require further processing (i.e., the aforementioned removal and retention) to prevent slowing down the network data terminal due to excessive image uploads, which would significantly reduce work efficiency. The network system terminal compares the acquired images with relevant forestry planting data on the internet to identify similarities, determine the type of disease and corresponding treatment methods, and then transmits the information back to the forest management system terminal. The forest management system terminal displays the type of disease and treatment methods on the screen, allowing forest management station staff to formulate response strategies based on the information on the screen. The appropriate pest control materials are then loaded onto the drone's onboard module, and a second flight begins. The difference between the second and first flights is that the second flight does not require comprehensive, large-scale image acquisition of trees. The second flight only requires the drone to reach the diseased trees (which have already been marked on the forest management system terminal during the first flight) and release pest control materials (including but not limited to powders, liquids, natural enemies of pests, or sex pheromones) for more precise pest control.

[0082] In another embodiment of the present invention, the drone can also perform real-time regional scanning during its first flight. When a diseased tree is found, an area is delineated based on the location of the diseased tree, and pest control is carried out within the area. This achieves regionalized, precise, and standardized pest control, preventing excessive pest control materials from attaching to other trees without pests, thereby affecting their growth.

[0083] This invention uses drones to collect image data from forest areas and sends the data to the forest management system terminal. After processing and analyzing the image data, the system sends the retained data to a networked data terminal. The networked data terminal compares the received image data with data in its database to determine whether certain trees in the forest are suffering from diseases caused by pests. The system then transmits the corresponding treatment methods back to the forest management system terminal. After learning about the types of tree diseases and treatment methods through the computer system, forest management workers change the type of pest control agent stored in the drone's loading system. The drone then receives another instruction and performs a second flight to deliver the pest control agent in a regional manner.

[0084] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A forestry pest monitoring and control system based on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), characterized in that, This includes drone-mounted modules, drone-attached modules, forest management system terminals, and networked data terminals; The drone-mounted module includes: The power system is used to start, stop, and fly the drone; The flight control system, or flight control system, is used to output commands to the power system; The data acquisition module is used to acquire image data; The data transceiver module is used to transmit the image data collected by the data acquisition module to the forest management system terminal, and to transmit the commands issued by the forest management system terminal back to the UAV-mounted module. The data transceiver module is electrically connected to the power system, flight control system, and data acquisition module, respectively. The drone mounting module is used to mount containers loaded with different types of pest control materials to the drone mounting module. The forest management system terminal is used to receive data transmitted by the module carried by the UAV, analyze and process the data, and then upload it to the networked data terminal. The networked data terminal is used to compare the analyzed image data with the data in the database to determine the types of harmful organisms on the trees and obtain countermeasures, and then transmit the countermeasures back to the forest management system terminal. The forest management system terminal is communicatively connected to the data transceiver module, and the networked database is communicatively connected to the forest management system terminal.

2. The forestry pest monitoring and control system based on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power system includes: Batteries are used to power the modules carried by the drone; The electronic speed controller is used to convert the DC power supplied by the battery into AC power and to control the motor speed after receiving flight control commands. The electric motor drives the propeller to rotate, providing lift to the drone.

3. The forestry pest monitoring and control system based on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flight control system includes: GPS is used to obtain the latitude and longitude of the drone relative to the Earth's coordinate system and determine the drone's location; A barometer is used to measure atmospheric pressure and determine the altitude of a drone. An IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit) is used to measure the speed and acceleration of a drone during its movement, and to calculate the drone's motion state.

4. The forestry pest monitoring and control system based on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data acquisition module includes: Aerial cameras are used to acquire information about the condition of tree branches, leaves, and fruits. Ultrasonic sensors are used to detect the distance between drones and surrounding obstacles, preventing collisions that could cause mechanical damage to the drone.

5. The forestry pest monitoring and control system based on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drone mounting module is installed on the drone body, and the drone attachment module is installed below the drone body. The drone attachment module and the drone mounting module are electrically connected.

6. The forestry pest monitoring and control system based on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific process of data analysis and processing in the forest management system terminal is as follows: The forest management system terminal received image data uploaded by the module mounted on the drone; The forest management system terminal categorizes trees into three types based on the location captured in the images: branches, leaves, and fruits. Then, through identification, images showing trees in a healthy state are removed, leaving images that are clearly caused by pests or suspected to be caused by pests; Images showing disease or suspected disease are uploaded to the networked data terminal.

7. A method for monitoring and controlling forestry pests based on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), applied to the UAV-based forestry pest monitoring and control system described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: After fully charging the battery in the power system, load it into the drone, connect the power, place the drone in an open area and start it. At this time, the drone mounting module under the drone is in an unloaded state. Send instructions to the drone through the forest management system terminal, and the drone will collect images of the trees in the designated area according to the instructions. S2: The collected images are sent to the forest management system terminal through the data transceiver module. The forest management system terminal analyzes and processes the received images, removes images without signs of pests and diseases, retains images with signs of pests and diseases or suspected signs of pests and diseases, and sends the retained images to the networked data terminal. S3: The networked data terminal compares the received image data with the database to determine the types of harmful organisms present in the forest and obtain countermeasures, and then transmits the countermeasures back to the forest management system terminal. S4: The forest management system terminal transmits information such as the types of harmful organisms and the methods of dealing with them to the forest management station workers through the display. The forest management station workers can adjust their response strategies in a timely manner and change the types of drugs or natural enemies carried in the drone's payload module. S5: The latest instructions are issued to the drone-mounted module through the forest management system terminal, and the drone performs operations such as spraying pesticides and releasing natural enemies along the designated route to the damaged trees.

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