Intelligent insect situation monitoring lamp and monitoring method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural insect situation monitoring, discloses an intelligent insect situation monitoring lamp and a monitoring method, and aims to solve the problems that existing equipment has potential safety hazards of high-voltage electric shock, depends on manual counting, needs a network to support cloud recognition and the like. The damage-free automatic blanking of the pests is realized; an OV2640 camera vertically mounted at the top is matched with annular supplementary lighting and a white matte imaging tray with a central groove, so that the insect body imaging is clear, and the position is concentrated; a MobileNetV2 model quantified by INT8 is locally operated based on a main controller, real-time classification and quantity statistics of common pests such as prodenia litura, plutella xylostella and aphids are completed, and original images do not need to be uploaded; the whole machine is powered by a 5W solar panel and a lithium iron phosphate battery, on-demand starting and stopping are achieved in combination with a real-time clock module, and Bluetooth short-distance direct connection with a peasant household mobile phone and NB-IoT remote data uploading are supported. The device does not need manual intervention, and can be widely applied to intelligent insect situation monitoring of small and medium-sized farmers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural pest monitoring technology, specifically to an intelligent pest monitoring lamp and monitoring method. Background Technology

[0002] In agricultural production, pest monitoring is a crucial prerequisite for green pest control and precision pesticide application. Traditional pest monitoring mainly relies on manual field inspections or the use of physical trapping devices (such as black light lamps and pheromone traps), which suffers from low efficiency, strong subjectivity, and poor timeliness. To improve the level of automation in monitoring, various pest monitoring lamps have emerged on the market in recent years. These lamps typically use high-voltage electric grids to kill pests, and then manually collect the insects periodically for classification and counting.

[0003] Most existing insect monitoring devices use high-voltage electric grids to kill insects, which not only poses a risk of electric shock but also presents significant safety hazards in areas with frequent human or livestock activity, such as orchards and vegetable gardens. Furthermore, these devices can only attract insects, requiring manual periodic opening and counting of insect species and quantities, which is cumbersome, inefficient, and unable to achieve automatic identification and real-time data recording. Even if some devices incorporate image acquisition capabilities, they often rely on cloud servers for analysis, which has high requirements for network conditions and is difficult to operate stably in remote or weakly signaled farmland. Moreover, uploading raw images incurs additional data consumption and raises privacy concerns.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a low-cost, low-power, safe and reliable pest monitoring device that does not require high-voltage electricity, can automatically capture pests, perform local intelligent identification, and support wireless data transmission, so as to truly meet the actual needs of the vast number of small and medium-sized farmers for intelligent, simplified, and practical plant protection tools. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (a) Technical problems to be solved To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an intelligent insect monitoring lamp and monitoring method, which has advantages such as a safe capture structure without high-voltage electric shock, local insect species identification capability based on edge computing, low-power solar power supply, and Bluetooth / NB-IoT dual-mode wireless data transmission. It solves the problems of traditional insect monitoring equipment, such as the risk of electric shock, reliance on manual counting, inability to automatically identify pests in offline environments, and difficulty in long-term stable operation in remote farmland.

[0006] (II) Technical Solution To achieve the above-mentioned objective of providing a safe, low-cost, non-manually-intervention-required, and network-free intelligent insect monitoring solution for farmland environments, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an intelligent insect monitoring lamp, comprising a column, a collection box, a support rod, and a top plate installed sequentially from bottom to top. The column is vertically arranged, the collection box is fixed to the top of the column, and multiple support rods are circumferentially connected between the collection box and the top plate. An insect-attracting light source is fixedly installed at the bottom center of the top plate. An infrared sensing module is fixedly installed on the inner side of the support rod and on the lower part of the outer periphery of the insect-attracting light source. The collection box is equipped with a drop trough inside, and the top opening of the drop trough is located directly below the insect-attracting light source; The drop trough is equipped with an automatic capture mechanism; An image acquisition module is fixedly installed on the top inner wall of the drop trough, with the lens of the image acquisition module facing the inner bottom wall of the drop trough. The inner bottom wall of the drop trough is provided with an imaging tray; A solar panel is fixedly installed on the top outer side of the top plate; The collection box contains a sealed electronic compartment, which houses a rechargeable battery, a main controller, a local image recognition module, a wireless communication module, and a real-time clock module. The main controller is electrically connected to the infrared sensing module, the automatic capture mechanism, the image acquisition module, the local image recognition module, the wireless communication module, and the real-time clock module, respectively.

[0007] Preferably, the automatic capture mechanism includes mounting bases located on the left and right inner walls of the drop trough, both of which are bolted on. A micro servo motor is fixedly mounted on the surface of one of the mounting bases. A connecting rod is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the micro servo motor. A rotating plate is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the connecting rod. An insect-sticking cardboard is pasted on the surface of the rotating plate.

[0008] Preferably, the image acquisition module is an OV2640 camera module, with four white light-emitting diodes arranged in a ring around it as supplementary light sources, and the supplementary light sources are electrically connected to the main controller.

[0009] Preferably, the local image recognition module includes flash memory storing an INT8-quantized MobileNetV2 model and an embedded processor running the model, the MobileNetV2 model being used to classify images of beet armyworms, diamondback moths, or aphids.

[0010] Preferably, the main controller is a microcontroller that supports Bluetooth 5.0 communication, and the NB-IoT communication unit is connected to the main controller via a serial interface.

[0011] Preferably, the infrared sensing module includes multiple sets of through-beam infrared sensors, each set consisting of an infrared transmitter and an infrared receiver, with the infrared transmitter and infrared receiver positioned opposite each other in an annular area above the drop trough.

[0012] Preferably, the imaging tray is a white matte acrylic sheet with a circular groove at the center of its upper surface. The diameter of the circular groove is 30 mm and the depth is 2 mm.

[0013] Preferably, the rechargeable battery is a 3.7V / 5000mAh lithium iron phosphate battery, the solar panel is a 5W monocrystalline silicon solar panel, and the sealed electronic compartment is also equipped with a charging management circuit, which is connected between the solar panel, the rechargeable battery and the main controller.

[0014] A monitoring method for an intelligent insect monitoring lamp includes the following steps: S1. Set the daily monitoring period through the real-time clock module. The main controller turns on the insect-attracting light source during the monitoring period and controls the whole machine to enter a low-power sleep state during the non-monitoring period. S2. When a pest flies into the area above the drop trough and blocks the infrared beam of the infrared sensing module, the infrared sensing module outputs a trigger signal to the main controller. S3. The main controller responds to the trigger signal and drives the micro servo motor to rotate the plate from a horizontal position to a vertical position, so that the pests on the sticky insect cardboard fall into the imaging tray. S4. The main controller controls the image acquisition module to capture images of pests on the imaging tray and simultaneously illuminates the supplementary light source for auxiliary lighting; S5. The main controller calls the MobileNetV2 model in the local image recognition module to classify insect species and count the number of pests in the pest images, and generates structured pest data containing timestamps, insect species categories and count values; S6. The main controller sends the structured insect data to an external terminal device via the wireless communication module.

[0015] (III) Beneficial Effects Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides an intelligent insect monitoring lamp and monitoring method, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention effectively avoids the risk of electric shock from traditional high-voltage power grids by adopting a flip-type automatic trapping mechanism for sticky insects that does not involve high-voltage electric shock, and significantly improves the safety of the equipment in areas with human activity such as orchards and vegetable gardens.

[0016] 2. This invention integrates a lightweight MobileNetV2 image recognition model into the device itself to achieve localized classification and counting of pest images without relying on cloud servers, thus solving the technical problem of remote farmland being unable to intelligently identify pests due to weak or no network signal.

[0017] 3. By vertically mounting the image acquisition module above the imaging tray and combining it with a ring-shaped supplementary light source and a central groove tray design, this invention ensures clear imaging and stable posture of the insect, thereby improving the accuracy of AI recognition.

[0018] 4. This invention utilizes a low-power power supply system combining solar panels and lithium iron phosphate batteries, along with a real-time clock module to enable timed start-stop, allowing the equipment to operate in the field for extended periods without mains power, thus meeting the practical needs of agricultural scenarios for "ready to use upon installation and maintenance-free for one season".

[0019] 5. This invention uses a dual-mode communication architecture of Bluetooth and NB-IoT, which allows farmers to directly connect their mobile phones to view insect data at close range, and also allows them to remotely upload and summarize information when there is cellular network coverage, thus balancing ease of operation and data accessibility.

[0020] 6. This invention replaces the original image transmission with structured insect data (containing only time, insect species, and quantity), which greatly reduces communication bandwidth consumption and storage burden, while protecting the privacy of field images, making it more suitable for large-scale deployment and application. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional view of the overall structure of the intelligent insect monitoring lamp of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a side perspective view of the structure of the intelligent insect monitoring lamp of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the intelligent insect monitoring lamp of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional view of the automatic capture mechanism structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the main controller, local image recognition module, wireless communication module and real-time clock module on the PCB board of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit connection of the intelligent insect monitoring lamp of the present invention.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Column; 2. Collection box; 3. Support rod; 4. Top plate; 5. Insect-attracting light source; 6. Infrared sensing module; 7. Drop trough; 8. Automatic capture mechanism; 81. Mounting base; 82. Miniature servo motor; 83. Linkage rod; 84. Rotating plate; 85. Insect-sticking cardboard; 9. Image acquisition module; 10. Imaging tray; 11. Solar panel; 12. Rechargeable battery; 13. Main controller; 14. Local image recognition module; 15. Wireless communication module; 16. Real-time clock module. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the present invention provides an intelligent insect monitoring lamp, which includes a column 1, a collection box 2, multiple support rods 3 and a top plate 4 installed from bottom to top; the column 1 is a hollow metal or high-strength engineering plastic pipe, used to fix the whole machine to the field ground; the collection box 2 is fixed to the top of the column 1 by bolts, and its interior forms a sealed cavity to accommodate the core functional modules.

[0025] Multiple support rods 3 are evenly distributed circumferentially and connected between the upper edge of the collection box 2 and the lower edge of the top plate 4, serving both as support and forming the sidewalls of the insect-attracting space; the top plate 4 is a circular or square flat plate structure, with an insect-attracting light source 5 fixedly installed in the center of its bottom, preferably an ultraviolet LED array with a center wavelength of 365nm, which has low power consumption, long lifespan, and can effectively attract nocturnal agricultural pests.

[0026] An infrared sensing module 6 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the support rod 3, in the lower part of the outer periphery of the insect-attracting light source 5; such as Figure 3 As shown, the infrared sensing module 6 consists of four sets of through-beam infrared sensors. Each set includes an infrared transmitter and an infrared receiver, which are arranged opposite each other in the annular area above the drop trough 7. When an insect flies into the area and blocks the infrared beam for a certain period of time (e.g., more than 100ms), the infrared receiver outputs a level change signal as a trigger, effectively avoiding false actions caused by flying dust or momentary interference.

[0027] The collection box 2 has a drop trough 7 inside, with its top opening facing the center of the insect-attracting light source 5, ensuring that the trapped pests fall naturally into it; an automatic capture mechanism 8 is installed inside the drop trough 7, such as... Figure 4As shown, the automatic capture mechanism 8 includes mounting bases 81 fixed to the inner walls of the left and right sides by bolts. A micro servo motor 82 is mounted on the surface of one of the mounting bases 81. Its output shaft is connected to a connecting rod 83. A rotating plate 84 is fixed on the connecting rod 83. A replaceable sticky insect cardboard 85 is pasted on the surface of the rotating plate 84. When a trigger signal is received, the main controller 13 drives the micro servo motor 82 to rotate 90°, causing the horizontally placed sticky insect cardboard 85 to flip to a vertical position. The pests slide down to the imaging tray 10 below due to gravity. Then the servo motor resets, completing a non-destructive capture.

[0028] An image acquisition module 9, preferably an OV2640 camera module, is fixedly installed in the center of the top inner wall of the drop trough 7, with its lens facing vertically toward the inner bottom wall. To ensure image quality, four white light-emitting diodes are arranged in a ring around the image acquisition module 9 as supplementary light sources. The main controller 13 briefly illuminates the module for about 500ms before taking a picture to provide uniform illumination and avoid interference from stray light from the insect-attracting light source 5.

[0029] The inner bottom wall of the drop trough 7 is equipped with an imaging tray 10, which is detachable and its size is adapted to the size of the drop trough 7, making it convenient to clean up residual insect carcasses or replace them regularly. It is made of white matte acrylic sheet, and its upper surface has a circular groove with a diameter of 30mm and a depth of 2mm in the center. This groove is used to guide the insects to concentrate on landing, reduce scattering, and ensure that the insects captured each time are located in the center area of ​​the image, which significantly improves the accuracy of subsequent identification.

[0030] A solar panel 11, preferably a 5W monocrystalline silicon solar panel, is fixedly installed on the outer side of the top plate 4 to maximize daytime power generation efficiency. The solar panel 11 is connected to the sealed electronic compartment inside the collection box 2 via a waterproof cable. The compartment is sealed to the main body of the collection box 2 by a waterproof rubber ring, and the internal environment is dry, dustproof, and moisture-proof.

[0031] Inside the sealed electronic compartment are installed a rechargeable battery 12 (preferably a 3.7V / 5000mAh lithium iron phosphate battery, which has high safety and long cycle life), a main controller 13, a local image recognition module 14, a wireless communication module 15, and a real-time clock module 16.

[0032] The main controller 13 is the core control unit, preferably an ESP32-S3 microcontroller, which integrates a dual-core processor, 8MB Flash, a camera interface, and Bluetooth 5.0 functionality. The main controller 13 is electrically connected to the infrared sensing module 6, the micro servo motor 82, the image acquisition module 9, the local image recognition module 14, the wireless communication module 15, and the real-time clock module 16, and is responsible for coordinating the operation of the entire machine: it enters deep sleep during non-monitoring periods (current <100μA), and the timekeeping is maintained only by the real-time clock module 16; it automatically wakes up during the set monitoring period (e.g., 19:00-6:00), turns on the insect-attracting light source 5, and listens for infrared signals.

[0033] The local image recognition module 14 is not a standalone hardware component, but rather consists of an embedded processor inside the main controller 13 and an INT8 quantized MobileNetV2 model stored in its flash memory. This model is trained on local farmland pest images and is specifically designed to classify common pests such as beet armyworm, diamondback moth, and aphids. The inference process is completed entirely on the device side without the need for a network connection. The response time is less than 1 second, and the recognition accuracy is high, which can meet the actual needs of field pest monitoring.

[0034] The wireless communication module 15 consists of two parts: Bluetooth 5.0 communication is implemented by the main controller 13, which supports direct connection with farmers' mobile APP within 10 meters; the NB-IoT communication unit is connected to the main controller 13 through the UART serial port, and its antenna is led out to the outside of the top plate 4 through a waterproof connector. In areas with cellular network coverage, it can periodically upload and summarize data to the cloud platform.

[0035] Real-time clock module 16 (such as PCF8563 chip) via I 2 The C interface connects to the main controller 13, and is powered by the rechargeable battery 12 even when the main controller is in sleep mode, ensuring accurate wake-up every day, achieving "on-demand operation" and significantly extending battery life.

[0036] The entire unit is managed by a charging management circuit, which is integrated on the main control board and connects the solar panel 11, the rechargeable battery 12 and the main controller 13. It has overcharge, over-discharge and short circuit protection functions to ensure long-term stable operation of the system.

[0037] A monitoring method for an intelligent insect monitoring lamp includes the following steps: S1. Set the daily monitoring period through the real-time clock module 16. The main controller 13 turns on the insect-attracting light source 5 during the monitoring period and controls the whole machine to enter a low-power sleep state during the non-monitoring period. S2. When an insect flies into the area above the drop trough 7 and blocks the infrared beam of the infrared sensing module 6, the infrared sensing module 6 outputs a trigger signal to the main controller 13. S3. The main controller 13 responds to the trigger signal and drives the micro servo motor 82 to rotate the rotating plate 84 from the horizontal position to the vertical position, so that the pests on the sticky insect cardboard 85 fall into the imaging tray 10. S4. The main controller 13 controls the image acquisition module 9 to capture images of pests on the imaging tray 10 and simultaneously illuminates the supplementary light source for auxiliary lighting; S5. The main controller 13 calls the MobileNetV2 model in the local image recognition module 14 to classify and count the pests in the images, and generates structured pest data containing timestamps, pest categories and count values. The structured pest data only contains timestamps, pest category identifiers and count values, and does not contain the original image data. S6. The main controller 13 sends the structured insect situation data to the external terminal device through the wireless communication module 15.

[0038] In summary, this intelligent insect monitoring lamp and method, through the organic integration of a safe capture structure without high-voltage electric shock, local edge AI recognition, low-power solar-powered operation, and dual-mode wireless communication, achieves an integrated closed loop of pest attraction, automatic capture, intelligent recognition, and remote data transmission. It effectively solves the problems of safety hazards, strong reliance on manual labor, limited network environment, and high operation and maintenance costs of traditional equipment. It has the advantages of high security, high degree of automation, flexible deployment, and simple maintenance, and is particularly suitable for the daily insect monitoring needs of small and medium-sized farmers and remote farmland without network access.

[0039] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0040] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An intelligent insect monitoring lamp, comprising a column (1), a collection box (2), support rods (3), and a top plate (4) installed sequentially from bottom to top, wherein the column (1) is vertically arranged, the collection box (2) is fixed to the top of the column (1), and a plurality of support rods (3) are circumferentially connected between the collection box (2) and the top plate (4), characterized in that: An insect-attracting light source (5) is fixedly installed at the bottom center of the top plate (4); An infrared sensing module (6) is fixedly installed on the inner side of the support rod (3) and on the lower part of the outer periphery of the insect-attracting light source (5). The collection box (2) is provided with a drop groove (7) inside, and the top opening of the drop groove (7) is located directly below the insect-attracting light source (5); The drop trough (7) is equipped with an automatic capture mechanism (8); An image acquisition module (9) is fixedly installed on the top inner wall of the drop trough (7), and the lens of the image acquisition module (9) faces the inner bottom wall of the drop trough (7). The inner bottom wall of the drop trough (7) is provided with an imaging tray (10). A solar panel (11) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the top of the top plate (4). The collection box (2) is equipped with a sealed electronic compartment, which contains a rechargeable battery (12), a main controller (13), a local image recognition module (14), a wireless communication module (15), and a real-time clock module (16). The main controller (13) is electrically connected to the infrared sensing module (6), the automatic capture mechanism (8), the image acquisition module (9), the local image recognition module (14), the wireless communication module (15), and the real-time clock module (16), respectively.

2. The intelligent insect monitoring lamp according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automatic capture mechanism (8) includes mounting bases (81) located on the left and right inner walls of the drop trough (7) and installed by bolts. A micro servo motor (82) is fixedly mounted on the surface of one of the mounting bases (81). A connecting rod (83) is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the micro servo motor (82). A rotating plate (84) is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the connecting rod (83). A sticky insect cardboard (85) is pasted on the surface of the rotating plate (84).

3. The intelligent insect monitoring lamp according to claim 1, characterized in that: The image acquisition module (9) is an OV2640 camera module, with four white light-emitting diodes arranged in a ring around it as supplementary light sources. The supplementary light sources are electrically connected to the main controller (13).

4. The intelligent insect monitoring lamp according to claim 1, characterized in that: The local image recognition module (14) includes a flash memory storing an INT8 quantized MobileNetV2 model and an embedded processor running the model, which is used to classify images of beet armyworm, diamondback moth or aphid.

5. The intelligent insect monitoring lamp according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main controller (13) is a microcontroller that supports Bluetooth 5.0 communication, and the NB-IoT communication unit is connected to the main controller (13) through a serial interface.

6. The intelligent insect monitoring lamp according to claim 1, characterized in that: The infrared sensing module (6) includes multiple sets of through-beam infrared sensors, each set consisting of an infrared transmitter and an infrared receiver, with the infrared transmitter and infrared receiver positioned opposite each other in the annular area above the drop trough (7).

7. The intelligent insect monitoring lamp according to claim 1, characterized in that: The imaging tray (10) is a white matte acrylic plate with a circular groove in the center of its upper surface. The diameter of the circular groove is 30 mm and the depth is 2 mm.

8. The intelligent insect monitoring lamp according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rechargeable battery (12) is a 3.7V / 5000mAh lithium iron phosphate battery, the solar panel (11) is a 5W monocrystalline silicon solar panel, and the sealed electronic compartment is also equipped with a charging management circuit, which is connected between the solar panel (11), the rechargeable battery (12) and the main controller (13).

9. A monitoring method for an intelligent insect monitoring lamp, based on an intelligent insect monitoring lamp as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Set the daily monitoring period through the real-time clock module (16), and the main controller (13) turns on the insect-attracting light source (5) during the monitoring period and controls the whole machine to enter a low-power sleep state during the non-monitoring period; S2. When a pest flies into the area above the drop trough (7) and blocks the infrared beam of the infrared sensing module (6), the infrared sensing module (6) outputs a trigger signal to the main controller (13); S3. The main controller (13) responds to the trigger signal and drives the micro servo motor (82) to rotate the rotating plate (84) from the horizontal position to the vertical position, so that the pests on the sticky insect cardboard (85) fall into the imaging tray (10). S4. The main controller (13) controls the image acquisition module (9) to capture images of pests on the imaging tray (10) and simultaneously illuminates the supplementary light source for auxiliary lighting; S5. The main controller (13) calls the MobileNetV2 model in the local image recognition module (14) to classify the pests and count their numbers in the pest images, and generate structured pest data containing timestamps, pest categories and count values. S6. The main controller (13) sends the structured insect data to an external terminal device through the wireless communication module (15).

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