Disturbance-increasing and filling-promoting type high-speed precise corn seed-metering device driven by planetary gear differential

Abstract

The invention discloses a disturbance-increasing and filling-promoting type high-speed precise corn seed-metering device driven by planetary gear differential. The seed-metering device comprises a planetary gear train, a seed inlet cover, a rear shell, a seed-metering disc, a seed guide wheel, a seed transfer partition plate and a driving shaft, the planetary gear train comprises an inner gear ring fixed to the rear shell, a sun gear sleeved on the driving shaft in an empty mode, a planetary gear and a planetary shaft. The seed metering disc and the seed guide wheel are fixed on the driving shaft to serve as planet carrier input, and a planet shaft penetrates through the disc wheel and drives the seed disturbing ring. When the planet carrier is in input rotation, the seed disturbing ring generates differential rotation relative to the seed metering disc, the spiral disturbing rods on the seed disturbing ring periodically sweep, shear and disturb seeds in a seed chamber to weaken accumulation and arching, and the seeds are pushed into the holes through the disturbing rods to promote seed filling. The device is compact in structure and coaxial in transmission, and can effectively improve the seed filling stability and the seed metering uniformity under the condition of high-speed operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural crop sowing machinery technology, specifically relating to a planetary gear differential drive disturbance-enhancing and filling type high-speed precision seed metering device for corn. Background Technology

[0002] Precision seeding of maize demands extremely high standards for plant spacing consistency and seed metering quality. With increasing operating speeds, the reliability of mechanical seed metering devices under high-speed conditions becomes crucial to seeding quality. Although mechanical seed metering devices are compact and versatile, at high speeds, the shortened filling time and increased friction and compression within the seed cluster can lead to increased grain density, forming arched or stagnant areas. This reduces the flowability above the seed stalk, causing problems such as missed filling, overfilling, and jamming.

[0003] Existing technologies typically improve seed filling by incorporating seed-discharging teeth, pulleys, or optimizing the flow guiding structure. However, these disturbance components often rotate synchronously with the seed metering disc or have limited relative motion, making it difficult to generate stable and controllable shear disturbances, resulting in poor filling performance at high speeds. Other solutions, while increasing disturbance strength by adding auxiliary power or complex mechanisms, introduce problems such as large structural dimensions, long transmission chains, and complex maintenance, making them unsuitable for compact layout within limited spaces.

[0004] In summary, current technologies still lack a seed metering device that can generate controllable differential relative motion between the disturbance component and the seed metering disc within a compact coaxial space, thereby implementing periodic sweeping and shearing disturbance. Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose a new technical approach that, without significantly increasing system complexity, enhances relative motion through differential transmission, effectively reduces grain accumulation, and improves seed filling stability and seed metering uniformity under high-speed operation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a planetary gear differential drive disturbance-enhancing and filling type high-speed precision seed metering device for corn, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: A planetary gear differential drive disturbance-enhancing and filling type high-speed precision corn seed metering device includes: a planetary gear train, a seed inlet cover, a rear housing, a seed metering disc, a seed guide wheel, a seed delivery partition, and a drive shaft; The planetary gear train includes an internal gear ring, a sun gear, a plurality of planet gears, and a planet shaft in the same number as the plurality of said planet gears; The internal gear ring is fixedly mounted on the rear housing; The drive shaft is rotatably mounted on the rear housing, and the sun gear is rotatably sleeved on the drive shaft; The planetary gears are mounted on the planetary shaft, and a plurality of the planetary gears are evenly distributed around the sun gear. The planetary gears mesh with the internal gear ring and the sun gear, respectively; The shaft of the drive shaft passes through the seed guide wheel and the seed metering disc in sequence; The seed delivery baffle is disposed on the rear housing and located between the seed guide wheel and the seed dispensing disc, and an arc-shaped through groove is formed on the body of the seed delivery baffle; Both the seed guide wheel and the seed metering disc have the same number of shaft holes as the plurality of planetary shafts; The shaft of the planetary shaft rotatably passes through the shaft hole on the seed guide wheel and the shaft hole on the seed metering disc in sequence. A seed-disturbing ring is fitted onto one end of the planetary axis near the seed-rearing disc.

[0007] Furthermore, the seed metering disc has several seed metering branches evenly distributed circumferentially on its peripheral wall, and each seed metering branch has a shaped hole at its end, with the shaped hole facing the seed delivery partition. The seed metering disc has seed guide grooves on its surface, the same number as the number of seed metering branches, and the seed guide grooves are arranged in a radiating pattern. Each of the seed guide grooves corresponds to a shaped hole on one of the seed dispensing branches.

[0008] Furthermore, the seed guide wheel is provided with several seed guide compartments along its circumference.

[0009] Furthermore, the seed delivery partition is rotatably connected to the rear housing, and an actuating plate is provided on the side wall of the seed delivery partition, and an actuating slot is provided on the side wall of the rear housing along its circumference. The actuating piece extends out of the actuating slot.

[0010] Furthermore, a positioning piece is provided on the side wall of the seed delivery partition, and the positioning piece is provided with a main positioning hole; A positioning slot is provided on the side wall of the rear housing along its circumference; The positioning piece extends out of the positioning slot; A slave positioning plate is provided on the side wall of the rear housing at the location of the positioning slot, and the slave positioning plate has a plurality of slave positioning holes.

[0011] Furthermore, the disturbance ring includes a mounting ring and several disturbance rods. The mounting ring is sleeved on the planetary shaft, and several disturbance rods are distributed circumferentially along the side wall of the mounting ring. The disturbance rods are spiral in shape.

[0012] As can be seen from the above technical solution, compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: By setting the internal gear ring to be fixed, the seed metering disc and seed guide wheel as inputs to the planetary carrier, and the sun gear to rotate freely, the seed disturbance ring mounted on the planetary shaft generates a stable and controllable opposite velocity relative rotation with respect to the rotating seed metering disc. This differentially coordinated spiral disturbance rod on the outer periphery of the seed disturbance ring periodically sweeps and shears the corn kernels in the seed chamber, fundamentally destroying the kernels' accumulation, arching, and suspended structure, and solving the problem of limited movement amplitude and difficulty in forming an effective shear flow field in traditional seed metering devices.

[0013] By differentially disturbing the seeds at the bottom of the seed chamber and near the seed hole, the fluidity of the seeds and the probability of seed entry into the hole are improved, thus promoting the seed filling effect. Because the rotation direction of the seed disturbance ring is opposite to that of the seed metering disc, the seeds can be pushed into the seed hole. This overcomes the negative impact of shortened seed filling time and increased seed population friction under high-speed conditions, and significantly reduces the failure rate of missed filling, double filling and jamming. This ensures the uniformity of plant spacing and single seed metering of the corn precision planter at high operating speeds.

[0014] The device completes power input, differential speed conversion, and disturbance output within a relatively small space, eliminating the need for an external power source or complex auxiliary transmission mechanisms. This effectively avoids the drawbacks of existing disturbance amplification schemes, such as increased size, longer transmission chains, and complex maintenance. Furthermore, the adjustable seed delivery baffle further enhances the equipment's adaptability, facilitating compact layout and long-term stable operation within the limited space of a seeder. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of the seed metering device of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the seed-disrupting ring structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the seed metering disc of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the seeding branch with the shaped hole in the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the seed delivery partition of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the seed guide wheel of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the planetary gear train of the present invention; Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the seed metering device of the present invention (I); Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram (II) of the assembly of the seed metering device of the present invention.

[0017] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Seed inlet cover; 2. Seed disturbance ring; 21. Mounting ring; 22. Disturbing rod; 3. Seed metering tray; 31. Hole; 32. Seed guide groove; 4. Seed delivery partition; 41. Actuating plate; 42. Positioning plate; 5. Seed guide wheel; 51. Seed guide compartment; 6. Sun gear; 7. Planetary shaft; 8. Planetary gear; 9. Drive shaft; 10. Internal gear ring; 11. Rear housing; 111. Actuating groove hole; 112. Positioning plate. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Example 1

[0020] like Figure 1 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, this embodiment provides a planetary gear differential drive disturbance-promoting high-speed precision corn seed metering device, including: a planetary gear system, a seed inlet cover 1, a rear housing 11, a seed metering disc 3, a seed guide wheel 5, a seed delivery partition 4, and a drive shaft 9.

[0021] The planetary gear train adopts an NGW type structure, including an internal gear ring 10, a sun gear 6, several planet gears 8, and a planet shaft 7 with the same number of planet gears 8.

[0022] Specifically, the internal gear ring 10 is fixedly mounted on the rear housing 11, and the drive shaft 9 is rotatably mounted on the rear housing 11 as the power input end. The sun gear 6 is rotatably mounted on the drive shaft 9 and does not transmit torque to the drive shaft 9.

[0023] Planetary gears 8 are mounted on planetary shafts 7, and several planetary gears 8 are evenly distributed around the sun gear 6. The planetary gears 8 mesh with the internal gear ring 10 and the sun gear 6 respectively, thus forming a planetary gear transmission mechanism.

[0024] The shaft of the drive shaft 9 passes through the seed guide wheel 5 and the seed metering disc 3 in sequence. In this embodiment, the seed metering disc 3 and the seed guide wheel 5 together constitute a planetary carrier assembly, which is coaxially and fixedly connected to the drive shaft 9 and rotates synchronously with the drive shaft 9.

[0025] Both the seed guide wheel 5 and the seed metering disc 3 have the same number of shaft holes as the number of planetary shafts 7. The shaft of the planetary shaft 7 rotatably passes through the shaft holes on the seed guide wheel 5 and the seed metering disc 3, that is, the planetary shaft 7 can rotate relative to the seed metering disc 3 and the seed guide wheel 5, which serve as planetary carriers.

[0026] A seed-distracting ring 2 is fitted onto one end of the planetary shaft 7 near the seed metering disc 3. When the drive shaft 9 drives the seed metering disc 3 (planetary frame) to rotate, the planetary gear 8 will rotate on its own axis while revolving around the planet, due to the fixed internal gear ring 10. This will cause the planetary shaft 7 and the seed-distracting ring 2 mounted on the planetary shaft 7 to rotate differentially relative to the seed metering disc 3, thereby periodically sweeping and shearing the corn kernels in the seed chamber. Since the rotation direction of the seed-distracting ring is opposite to that of the seed metering disc, it can push the seeds into the shaped holes, thus promoting the filling effect.

[0027] Example 2

[0028] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a detailed description of the specific structure of the seeding disc 3.

[0029] The seed metering tray 3 has several seed metering branches evenly distributed along the circumference on its peripheral wall. Each seed metering branch has a shaped hole 31 at its end, which faces the seed delivery partition 4 and is used to accommodate corn kernels.

[0030] Meanwhile, the seed metering tray 3 has seed guide grooves 32 with the same number as the seed metering branches. The seed guide grooves 32 are distributed in a radiating manner, and each seed guide groove 32 corresponds to a hole 31 on a seed metering branch. This helps to guide the seeds to the hole 31 after filling and guide the seeds to detach smoothly during the seeding stage.

[0031] Example 3

[0032] like Figure 5 As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a detailed description of the seed delivery partition 4 and its adjustment mechanism.

[0033] The seed delivery baffle 4 is installed on the rear housing 11 and located between the seed guide wheel 5 and the seed metering disc 3. An arc-shaped through groove is provided on the plate of the seed delivery baffle 4 to cooperate with the seed guide wheel 5 to complete the delivery of seeds.

[0034] To adapt to different working conditions or adjust the seeding angle, the seed delivery baffle 4 is rotatably connected to the rear housing 11. The specific adjustment structure is as follows: A toggle piece 41 is provided on the side wall of the seed delivery partition 4, and a toggle slot 111 is provided on the side wall of the rear housing 11 along its circumference; the toggle piece 41 extends out from the toggle slot 111, and the operator can rotate the seed delivery partition 4 by toggle the toggle piece 41.

[0035] Furthermore, in order to fix the adjusted position, a positioning piece 42 is provided on the side wall of the seed delivery partition 4, and a main positioning hole is provided on the positioning piece 42; a positioning groove is provided on the side wall of the rear housing 11 along its circumference; the positioning piece 42 passes through the positioning groove.

[0036] A secondary positioning plate 112 is provided on the side wall of the rear housing 11 at the positioning slot, and the secondary positioning plate 112 has several secondary positioning holes. When the seed plate 4 is adjusted to a suitable position, it can be locked and fixed by fasteners passing through the main positioning hole and the corresponding secondary positioning hole.

[0037] Example 4

[0038] like Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown in the figure, this embodiment describes the specific structure of the seed disturbance ring 2 and the seed guide wheel 5.

[0039] like Figure 2 As shown, the seed disturbance ring 2 includes a mounting ring 21 and a disturbance rod 22. The mounting ring 21 is sleeved on the planetary shaft 7, and the disturbance rod 22 is distributed circumferentially along the side wall of the mounting ring 21. Preferably, the disturbance rod 22 is helical, which generates better axial and tangential forces when rotating, thereby more effectively breaking up the accumulation and arching of corn kernels in the seed chamber and promoting kernel flow and filling.

[0040] like Figure 6 As shown, the seed guide wheel 5 has several seed guide compartments 51 along its circumference, which are used to temporarily hold and guide the seeds during the seed dispensing process, and work with the seed delivery partition 4 to achieve continuous seed dispensing.

[0041] Working principle: In operation, the drive shaft 9 receives external power input and rotates. Since the seed metering disc 3 and the seed guide wheel 5 are fixed to the drive shaft 9, they rotate synchronously. Simultaneously, the internal gear ring 10, fixed to the rear housing 11, remains stationary. According to the principle of planetary gear transmission, the sun gear 6 rotates freely under the drive of the planet gears 8, while the planet gears 8 drive the planetary shaft 7 to rotate relative to the seed metering disc 3.

[0042] The rotation of the planetary shaft 7 drives the seed-dispersing ring 2 at its end to rotate. At this time, the seed-dispersing ring 2 generates a differential relative rotation with opposite velocity relative to the rotating seed metering disk 3. During this motion, the spiral disturbance rods 22 on the seed-dispersing ring 2 periodically sweep and shear the corn kernels in the seed chamber.

[0043] This active differential speed disturbance effectively reduces the accumulation and arching of grains under high-speed conditions and the stagnation at low speeds, improving the flowability and entry probability of grains above the orifice 31, and ensuring the stability and uniformity of seed filling. After filling, the grains rotate with the seed metering disc 3 to the area of ​​the seed delivery baffle 4. With the cooperation of the seed delivery baffle 4 and the seed guide wheel 5, the grains leave the orifice along a predetermined path and complete the seeding.

[0044] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A planetary gear differential drive-driven, scrambling-assisted, high-speed precision seed metering device for corn, characterized in that: include: Planetary gear train, seed inlet cover, rear housing, seed metering disc, seed guide wheel, seed delivery partition and drive shaft; The planetary gear train includes an internal gear ring, a sun gear, a plurality of planet gears, and a planet shaft in the same number as the plurality of said planet gears; The internal gear ring is fixedly mounted on the rear housing; The drive shaft is rotatably mounted on the rear housing, and the sun gear is rotatably sleeved on the drive shaft; The planetary gears are mounted on the planetary shaft, and a plurality of the planetary gears are evenly distributed around the sun gear. The planetary gears mesh with the internal gear ring and the sun gear, respectively; The shaft of the drive shaft passes through the seed guide wheel and the seed metering disc in sequence; The seed delivery baffle is disposed on the rear housing and located between the seed guide wheel and the seed dispensing disc, and an arc-shaped through groove is formed on the body of the seed delivery baffle; Both the seed guide wheel and the seed metering disc have the same number of shaft holes as the plurality of planetary shafts; The shaft of the planetary shaft rotatably passes through the shaft hole on the seed guide wheel and the shaft hole on the seed metering disc in sequence. A seed-disturbing ring is fitted onto one end of the planetary axis near the seed-rearing disc.

2. The planetary gear differential drive disturbance-enhancing and charging type high-speed precision seed metering device for corn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seed metering disc has several seed metering branches evenly distributed circumferentially on its peripheral wall. Each seed metering branch has a shaped hole at its end, and the shaped hole faces the seed delivery partition. The seed metering disc has seed guide grooves on its surface, the same number as the number of seed metering branches, and the seed guide grooves are arranged in a radiating pattern. Each of the seed guide grooves corresponds to a shaped hole on one of the seed dispensing branches.

3. The planetary gear differential drive scrambling and charging type high-speed precision seed metering device for corn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seed guide wheel has several seed guide compartments along its circumference.

4. The planetary gear differential drive disturbance-enhancing and filling type high-speed precision seed metering device for corn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seed delivery partition is rotatably connected to the rear housing. A toggle piece is provided on the side wall of the seed delivery partition, and a toggle slot is provided on the side wall of the rear housing along its circumference. The actuating piece extends out of the actuating slot.

5. The planetary gear differential drive scrambling and charging type high-speed precision seed metering device for corn according to claim 4, characterized in that: The side wall of the seed delivery partition is also provided with a positioning piece, and the positioning piece is provided with a main positioning hole; A positioning slot is provided on the side wall of the rear housing along its circumference; The positioning piece extends out of the positioning slot; A slave positioning plate is provided on the side wall of the rear housing at the location of the positioning slot, and the slave positioning plate has a plurality of slave positioning holes.

6. The planetary gear differential drive disturbance-enhancing and filling type high-speed precision seed metering device for corn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The disturbance ring includes a mounting ring and several disturbance rods. The mounting ring is sleeved on the planetary shaft, and several disturbance rods are distributed circumferentially along the side wall of the mounting ring. The disturbance rods are spiral in shape.

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