Efficient lophatherum gracile seedling raising method

Abstract

The invention discloses an efficient lophatherum gracile seedling raising method, which mainly utilizes lophatherum gracile seeds to realize large-scale production of lophatherum gracile seedlings under forest conditions close to nature, and mainly comprises the following steps: harvesting and storing the lophatherum gracile seeds, accelerating germination, creating sowing conditions, sowing, performing early management after sowing, and cultivating the lophatherum gracile seedlings. The method gets rid of low natural germination rate of wild lophatherum gracile, sexual propagation of lophatherum gracile is performed by simulating naturally established under-forest simulated ecological conditions, seedlings are high in survival rate, short in growth cycle, high in growth density and good in growth vigor, large-scale production can be realized, and the method is easy to popularize and apply.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of seedling propagation of Chinese medicinal materials, and in particular to a highly efficient seedling propagation method for Lophatherum gracile. Background Technology

[0002] Lophatherum gracile Brongn., commonly known as light bamboo leaves, is an endangered wild medicinal plant, and also a dual-purpose plant for both medicinal and edible uses. Its dried stems and leaves can be used medicinally, as well as as food or in tea. It has effects such as clearing heat and relieving irritability, and promoting urination. It is often used in making herbal teas, soups, or as a tea substitute. Lophatherum gracile contains abundant flavonoids and bioactive polysaccharides, including phenolic acids, anthraquinones, terpenoid lactones, special amino acids, and trace elements such as manganese, zinc, and selenium. These components can scavenge reactive oxygen free radicals, induce antioxidant enzyme activity, enhance the body's resistance to stress and fatigue, improve memory, and delay aging. Bamboo leaves are rich in chlorophyll, which has anti-tumor and anti-cancer effects, prevents cardiovascular disease, and has anti-aging properties. The functional factors flavonoids and coumarin lactones contained in bamboo leaves can be used in functional foods for the elderly and antioxidant foods. They are also a source of ingredients for developing cardiovascular protective agents, anti-tumor drugs, and other drugs for treating intractable diseases. They have broad prospects in the development of health products and functional beverages. Bamboo leaves have no toxic side effects and are ideal pure natural health products. The systematic development of bamboo leaf resources has high potential value.

[0003] Lophatherum gracile is mostly wild and rarely cultivated. As its medicinal and health benefits are increasingly utilized, wild harvesting faces resource depletion. In recent years, despite a persistently sluggish market for Chinese medicinal materials, the price of Lophatherum gracile has remained stable with a slight upward trend, making artificial cultivation an inevitable trend. In nature, Lophatherum gracile reproduces in two ways: first, through rhizome division, but this has a low propagation coefficient, achieving only a 1:1 ratio, meaning each plant can only produce one new propagation material per year; second, through seed propagation. However, due to the low germination and seedling rates of Lophatherum gracile seeds under wild conditions and the demanding requirements, its propagation rate in the wild is also extremely low.

[0004] With the increasing demand in the health and wellness market and the continued development and application of Lophatherum gracile (light bamboo leaf), wild Lophatherum gracile resources are facing depletion. Under these circumstances, people have begun to seek artificial cultivation of Lophatherum gracile. However, due to the extreme scarcity of seedlings, large-scale development is almost impossible, and it may not even be possible to begin. Solving the technical problems of Lophatherum gracile seedling propagation is essential to breaking through the bottleneck in Lophatherum gracile seedling technology. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a highly efficient seedling cultivation method for Lophatherum gracile that achieves high germination rates, uniform and neat growth, good adaptability after transplanting, and the potential for large-scale industrial development. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a highly efficient seedling cultivation method for Lophatherum gracile. The technical problem solved by this invention is to provide a highly efficient seedling cultivation method for Lophatherum gracile. This new seedling cultivation method is based on a survey of the wild ecology of Lophatherum gracile and follows an ecological technology route of learning from nature and exceeding natural conditions in forests. It establishes a highly efficient, easy-to-promote and applicable technical system for large-scale seedling cultivation using Lophatherum gracile seeds.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a method for efficient seedling cultivation of *Lophatherum gracile*, comprising the following steps: S1) Site selection and land preparation: Select a mixed coniferous and broad-leaved Chinese fir forest with a slope of 5%-15% and a canopy density of 20%-35%, remove dead branches, fallen leaves and weeds under the forest, deep cultivate and disinfect the forest land, fertilize, prepare the land, dig ditches, and then raise seedbeds. S2) Seed harvesting: Mature Lophatherum gracile seeds are harvested from mid-October to late November each year. The seeds are then dried in the shade and stored. S3) Seed germination: Before sowing in the following spring, the seeds of Lophatherum gracile are treated with fungicide and then stored in sand to germinate. Sowing is carried out when the seed whitening rate reaches 40%. S4) Sowing and seedling cultivation: Spread the germinated seeds evenly into the seedbed, cover with sterile humus soil, water and spray with cedar leaf extract. S5) Seedling management: When the seedlings reach the preset height, thin them out to maintain a plant spacing of 3cm-5cm; S6) Transplanting seedlings: When the seedlings are 20cm-30cm tall, have 2-3 true leaves, and the tubers at the base of the roots have swelled to 1cm-2cm, they are transplanted out of the nursery.

[0007] Furthermore, in step S1): the soil of the mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest has a pH of 5.0-6.0 and an organic matter content of 5%-6%.

[0008] Furthermore, in step S1): during deep plowing, apply 1000 kg / mu of well-rotted farmyard manure; Soil disinfection employs a combination of physical, chemical, and biological methods. Physical methods: sun exposure; Chemical methods: sulfur powder mixed with soil, quicklime mixed with soil; Biological methods: application of microbial inoculants; The seedbed should be 1.2m wide and the furrows 20-25cm deep; the surface of the seedbed should be 2-3cm higher in the middle than the sides.

[0009] Furthermore, in step S2): When the seeds mature, the sharp spikes at the tip of the seed are dark brown, the seeds are plump, and the seeds are oval in shape. After the harvested seeds are air-dried, they should be stored in a dry, uncontaminated container in a cool, well-ventilated place.

[0010] Furthermore, in step S3): Bambusa textilis seeds were sterilized using a ratio of 4-6 mL of the fungicide Mycotoxin per 1 kg of seeds. After sterilization, soak the seeds in warm water at 30℃-35℃ for 2-3 hours. After draining, mix them with fine sand at a ratio of 1:5 and place them in an environment at 20℃-25℃ to germinate. Turn them over once a day until the seed sprouting rate reaches 40%.

[0011] Furthermore, in step S4): Evenly scatter the germinated seeds into the seedbed, cover with 2cm-3cm of sterile humus soil, water and spray with cedar leaf extract, then cover with straw, cedar leaves and fallen leaves. The seed rate is 1kg / mu-2kg / mu. After emergence, spray the seedlings with a mixture of 40g-50g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 30g-50g urea, and 10g brassinolide in 15kg-20kg of water.

[0012] Furthermore, in step S4): The preparation of the Chinese fir leaf extract is as follows: Boil 100g-150g of dried cedar leaves in 1 liter of boiling water for 2 minutes to obtain a cedar leaf extract with a concentration of 100g-150g / L.

[0013] Furthermore, in step S4): The mass ratio of straw, fir leaves and fallen leaves is 1:1:1, and the thickness is 5cm-7cm.

[0014] Furthermore, in step S5): When the seedlings are 5cm-7cm tall, thin them out to maintain a plant spacing of 3cm-5cm; cultivate and weed once every 2 months.

[0015] Furthermore, in step S5): During the seedling stage, apply a diluted nitrogen fertilizer once, using 5 kg / mu of urea; the growth cycle of light bamboo seedlings is 180-210 days.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The conventional harvesting time for Lophatherum gracile seeds is from July to September each year, while this invention harvests Lophatherum gracile seeds from mid-October to late November. Lophatherum gracile seeds harvested in September have only completed morphological maturity, and the embryo is not yet fully developed, nor have they undergone after-ripening (the process of physiological maturation that continues under suitable conditions after the seed leaves the parent plant). Seeds harvested in October and November have fully differentiated and matured embryos, possessing full germination potential. The after-ripening process is completed, breaking the dormancy of seeds after morphological maturity (some plant seeds require after-ripening to germinate after morphological maturity). The actual germination rate can be increased by 30%-50%, and the germination uniformity is also higher.

[0017] 2. Furthermore, the pretreatment and germination technology for Lophatherum gracile seeds is simple and easy to operate; by optimizing harvesting and innovating germination, the quality of Lophatherum gracile seeds is improved, and the seed germination rate is increased by more than 20%.

[0018] 3. Phyllostachys edulis seedlings were cultivated under mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forests of Cunninghamia lanceolata. Furthermore, after watering, Cunninghamia lanceolata leaf extract was sprayed on the seedlings, enhancing their adaptability and promoting their transplant survival rate. This invention utilizes an innovative environment combined with near-natural artificial management to shorten the cultivation time of Phyllostachys edulis seedlings.

[0019] 4. The efficient seedling cultivation method for Lophatherum gracile disclosed in this invention enables Lophatherum gracile seeds to germinate into seedlings under natural forest conditions, with a high germination rate, uniform and neat growth, and the potential for large-scale development.

[0020] 5. *Lophatherum gracile* prefers a cool, shady climate and is best cultivated in shady, damp locations under forest slopes. Therefore, the canopy closure of planting sites for *Lophatherum gracile* is typically 70%-80%, at which point the light is soft and the humidity is high, perfectly matching its biological characteristics of preferring shade and moisture and tolerating poor soil. However, this invention preferentially uses mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forests of *Cunninghamia lanceolata* with a canopy closure of 20%-35% as planting sites for *Lophatherum gracile*, which can effectively improve seed germination rate, seedling rate, and seedling height. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 These are comparative images of bamboo leaves grown using the methods of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 in this invention. Figure 2 The leaves of *Phyllostachys edulis* grown by the method of Comparative Example 3 in this invention; Figure 3 The leaves of *Phyllostachys edulis* grown by the method of Comparative Example 2 in this invention; Figure 4 This is a first appearance diagram of the bamboo leaves grown by the method in Example 3 of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a second appearance diagram of the bamboo leaves grown by the method in Example 3 of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a third appearance diagram of the bamboo leaves grown by the method in Example 3 of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a first appearance diagram of the bamboo leaves grown by the method in Example 2 of this invention; Figure 8 This is a second appearance diagram of the bamboo leaves grown by the method in Example 2 of this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Example 1

[0023] A highly efficient seedling cultivation method for Lophatherum gracile includes the following steps: S1) Site Selection and Land Preparation: Select a mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest of Chinese fir with a slope of 7% and a canopy closure of 30%. Remove dead branches, fallen leaves, and weeds from the understory. Deeply cultivate and disinfect the forest land, applying 1000 kg / mu of well-rotted farmyard manure during deep cultivation. After leveling and harrowing, dig trenches and prepare seedbeds. The soil of the mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest should have a pH of 6.0 and an organic matter content of 5.5%. Soil disinfection should employ a combination of physical, chemical, and biological methods. Physical methods include sun exposure; chemical methods include mixing sulfur powder with the soil; and biological methods include applying microbial inoculants. Prepare seedbeds with a width of 1.2m and a trench depth of approximately 20cm. The seedbed surface should be slightly higher in the middle than at the edges by 2cm.

[0024] S2) Seed Harvesting: Harvest Lophatherum gracile seeds in late October when they are mature. After harvesting, dry the seeds in the shade and store them in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated place in a dry, uncontaminated container. Requirements for harvested seeds: The tips of the seeds should be dark brown, the seeds should be plump, and the seeds should be oval in shape.

[0025] S3) Seed germination: Before sowing in the following spring (March-April), use 5 mL of the herbicide Masupine per 1 kg of Lophatherum gracile. Dilute the herbicide with a small amount of water. After mixing the diluted herbicide with the seeds, soak the seeds in 30℃ warm water for 3 hours. After draining the water, mix the seeds with fine sand at a ratio of 1:5 and place them in a 20℃ environment to germinate. Turn the seeds over once a day. Sow the seeds when the white sprouting rate reaches 40%.

[0026] S4) Sowing and Seedling Cultivation: Evenly sow the germinated seeds into the seedbed, cover with 2cm of pre-sterilized sterile humus soil, water and spray with cedar leaf extract, then cover with rice straw, cedar leaves and litter. The seed rate is 1.5kg / mu. After emergence, spray with a solution of 40g potassium dihydrogen phosphate + 30g urea + 10g brassinolide diluted in 15kg of water. The cedar leaf extract is prepared by boiling 100g of dried cedar leaves in 1 liter of boiling water for 2 minutes to obtain a 100g / L cedar leaf extract. The ratio of rice straw, cedar leaves and litter is 1:1:1, and the thickness is 5cm. Rice straw, cedar leaves and litter can effectively reduce the fluctuation of soil temperature, reduce soil moisture evaporation, improve the emergence rate of *Lophatherum gracile*, and also increase the plant height and stem diameter of *Lophatherum gracile*.

[0027] S5) Seedling Management: Thin the seedlings when they reach about 5cm in height, maintaining a plant spacing of 5cm; cultivate and weed every 2 months. Keep the soil in the seedbed moist, watering promptly during hot and dry periods, preferably in the morning or evening; dig drainage ditches in a timely manner during the rainy season to prevent waterlogging. During the seedling stage, spray with a diluted nitrogen fertilizer once, using 5kg / mu of urea.

[0028] S6) Transplanting seedlings: When the seedlings are 20cm tall, have 2-3 true leaves, and the tubers at the base of the roots have swelled to 1-2cm, they are ready for transplanting. Example 2

[0029] A highly efficient seedling cultivation method for Lophatherum gracile includes the following steps: S1) Site Selection and Land Preparation: Select a mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest of Chinese fir with a slope of 15% and a canopy closure of 20%. Remove dead branches, fallen leaves, and weeds from the understory. Deeply cultivate and disinfect the forest land, applying 1000 kg / mu of well-rotted farmyard manure during deep cultivation. After leveling and harrowing, dig trenches and prepare seedbeds. The soil of the mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest has a pH of 5.1 and an organic matter content of 6.1%. Soil disinfection will employ a combination of physical, chemical, and biological methods. Physical methods include sun exposure; chemical methods include mixing sulfur powder with the soil; and biological methods include applying microbial inoculants. Prepare seedbeds with a width of 1.2m and a trench depth of approximately 25cm. The seedbed surface should be slightly higher in the middle than at the edges by 2cm.

[0030] S2) Seed Harvesting: Harvest Lophatherum gracile seeds in late November when they are mature. After harvesting, dry the seeds in the shade and store them in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated place in a dry, uncontaminated container. Requirements for harvested seeds: The tips of the seeds should be dark brown, the seeds should be plump, and the seeds should be oval in shape.

[0031] S3) Seed germination: Before sowing in the following spring (around March), use 6 mL of the herbicide Masupine per 1 kg of Lophatherum gracile. Dilute the herbicide with a small amount of water. After mixing the diluted herbicide with the seeds, soak the seeds in 35℃ warm water for 2 hours. After draining the water, mix the seeds with fine sand at a ratio of 1:5 and place them in a 25℃ environment to germinate. Turn the seeds over once a day. Sow the seeds when the white sprouting rate reaches 40%.

[0032] S4) Sowing and Seedling Cultivation: Evenly sow the germinated seeds into the seedbed, cover with 3cm of pre-sterilized sterile humus soil, water and spray with cedar leaf extract, then cover with rice straw, cedar leaves and litter. The seed rate is 1kg / mu. After emergence, spray with a solution of 50g potassium dihydrogen phosphate + 30g urea + 10g brassinolide diluted in 20kg of water. The cedar leaf extract is prepared by boiling 150g of dried cedar leaves in 1 liter of boiling water for 2 minutes to obtain a 120g / L cedar leaf extract. The ratio of rice straw, cedar leaves and litter is 1:1:1, and the thickness is 6cm. Rice straw, cedar leaves and litter can effectively reduce the fluctuation of soil temperature, reduce soil moisture evaporation, improve the emergence rate of Lophatherum gracile, and also increase the plant height and stem diameter of Lophatherum gracile.

[0033] S5) Seedling Management: Thin the seedlings when they reach about 7cm in height, maintaining a plant spacing of 3cm; cultivate and weed every 2 months. Keep the soil in the seedbed moist, watering promptly during hot and dry periods, preferably in the morning or evening; dig drainage ditches in a timely manner during the rainy season to prevent waterlogging. During the seedling stage, spray with a diluted nitrogen fertilizer once, using 5kg / mu of urea.

[0034] S6) Transplanting seedlings: When the seedlings are 20cm tall, have 2-3 true leaves, and the tubers at the base of the roots have swelled to 1-2cm, they are ready for transplanting. Example 3

[0035] A highly efficient seedling cultivation method for Lophatherum gracile includes the following steps: S1) Site Selection and Land Preparation: Select a mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest of Chinese fir with a slope of 10% and a canopy closure of 35%. Remove dead branches, fallen leaves, and weeds from the understory. Deeply cultivate and disinfect the forest land, applying 1000 kg / mu of well-rotted farmyard manure during deep cultivation. After leveling and harrowing, dig trenches and prepare seedbeds. The soil of the mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest has a pH of 5.6 and an organic matter content of 5.1%. Soil disinfection will employ a combination of physical, chemical, and biological methods. Physical methods include sun exposure; chemical methods include mixing sulfur powder with the soil; and biological methods include applying microbial inoculants. Prepare seedbeds with a width of 1.2m and a trench depth of approximately 30cm. The seedbed surface should be slightly higher in the middle than at the edges by 2cm.

[0036] S2) Seed Harvesting: Harvest Lophatherum gracile seeds in early November when they are mature. After harvesting, dry the seeds in the shade and store them in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated place in a dry, uncontaminated container. Requirements for harvested seeds: The tips of the seeds should be dark brown, the seeds should be plump, and the seeds should be oval in shape.

[0037] S3) Seed germination: Before sowing in the following spring (mid-March), use 5 mL of the herbicide Masupine per 1 kg of Lophatherum gracile. Dilute the herbicide with a small amount of water. After mixing the diluted herbicide with the seeds, soak the seeds in 30℃ warm water for 3 hours. After draining the water, mix the seeds with fine sand at a ratio of 1:5 and place them in a 20℃ environment to germinate. Turn the seeds over once a day. Sow the seeds when the white sprouting rate reaches 40%.

[0038] S4) Sowing and Seedling Cultivation: Evenly sow the germinated seeds into the seedbed, cover with 2cm of pre-sterilized sterile humus soil, water and spray with cedar leaf extract, then cover with rice straw, cedar leaves and litter. The seed rate is 1.5kg / mu. After emergence, spray with a solution of 45g potassium dihydrogen phosphate + 50g urea + 10g brassinolide diluted in 20kg of water. The cedar leaf extract is prepared by boiling 120g of dried cedar leaves in 1 liter of boiling water for 2 minutes to obtain a 150g / L cedar leaf extract. The ratio of rice straw, cedar leaves and litter is 1:1:1, and the thickness is 5cm. Rice straw, cedar leaves and litter can effectively reduce the fluctuation of soil temperature, reduce soil moisture evaporation, improve the emergence rate of *Lophatherum gracile*, and also increase the plant height and stem diameter of *Lophatherum gracile*.

[0039] S5) Seedling Management: Thin the seedlings when they reach about 5cm in height, maintaining a plant spacing of 5cm; cultivate and weed every 2 months. Keep the soil in the seedbed moist, watering promptly during hot and dry periods, preferably in the morning or evening; dig drainage ditches in a timely manner during the rainy season to prevent waterlogging. During the seedling stage, spray with a diluted nitrogen fertilizer once, using 5kg / mu of urea.

[0040] S6) Transplanting seedlings: When the seedlings are 20cm tall, have 2-3 true leaves, and the tubers at the base of the roots have swelled to 1-2cm, they are ready for transplanting. Example 4

[0041] A highly efficient seedling cultivation method for Lophatherum gracile includes the following steps: S1) Site Selection and Land Preparation: Select a mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest of Chinese fir with a slope of 7% and a canopy closure of 30%. Remove dead branches, fallen leaves, and weeds from the understory. Deeply cultivate and disinfect the forest land, applying 1000 kg / mu of well-rotted farmyard manure during deep cultivation. After leveling and harrowing, dig trenches and prepare seedbeds. The soil of the mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest should have a pH of 6.0 and an organic matter content of 5.5%. Soil disinfection should employ a combination of physical, chemical, and biological methods. Physical methods include sun exposure; chemical methods include mixing sulfur powder with the soil; and biological methods include applying microbial inoculants. Prepare seedbeds with a width of 1.2m and a trench depth of approximately 20cm. The seedbed surface should be slightly higher in the middle than at the edges by 2cm.

[0042] S2) Seed Harvesting: Harvest Lophatherum gracile seeds in mid-October when they mature. After harvesting, dry the seeds in the shade and store them in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated place in a dry, uncontaminated container. Requirements for harvested seeds: The tips of the seeds should be dark brown, the seeds should be plump, and the seeds should be oval in shape.

[0043] S3) Seed germination: Before sowing in the following spring (mid-March), use 5 mL of the herbicide Masupine per 1 kg of Lophatherum gracile. Dilute the herbicide with a small amount of water. After mixing the diluted herbicide with the seeds, soak the seeds in 30℃ warm water for 3 hours. After draining the water, mix the seeds with fine sand at a ratio of 1:5 and place them in a 20℃ environment to germinate. Turn the seeds over once a day. Sow the seeds when the white sprouting rate reaches 40%.

[0044] S4) Sowing and Seedling Cultivation: Evenly sow the germinated seeds into the seedbed, cover with 2cm of pre-sterilized sterile humus soil, water and spray with cedar leaf extract, then cover with rice straw, cedar leaves and litter. The seed rate is 1.5kg / mu. After emergence, spray with a solution of 45g potassium dihydrogen phosphate + 40g urea + 10g brassinolide diluted in 18kg of water. The cedar leaf extract is prepared by boiling 100g of dried cedar leaves in 1 liter of boiling water for 2 minutes to obtain a 100g / L cedar leaf extract. The ratio of rice straw, cedar leaves and litter is 1:1:1, and the thickness is 5cm. Rice straw, cedar leaves and litter can effectively reduce the fluctuation of soil temperature, reduce soil moisture evaporation, and improve the emergence rate of *Lophatherum gracile*. At the same time, it can also increase the plant height and stem diameter of *Lophatherum gracile*.

[0045] S5) Seedling Management: Thin the seedlings when they reach about 5cm in height, maintaining a plant spacing of 5cm; cultivate and weed every 2 months. Keep the soil in the seedbed moist, watering promptly during hot and dry periods, preferably in the morning or evening; dig drainage ditches in a timely manner during the rainy season to prevent waterlogging. During the seedling stage, spray with a diluted nitrogen fertilizer once, using 5kg / mu of urea.

[0046] S6) Transplanting seedlings: When the seedlings are 20cm tall, have 2-3 true leaves, and the tubers at the base of the roots have swelled to 1-2cm, they are ready for transplanting.

[0047] Comparative Example 1 differs from Example 1 in that: in step S1), site selection and land preparation: a mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest of Chinese fir with a slope of 6% and a canopy closure of 55% was selected. Dead branches, fallen leaves, and weeds under the forest cover were removed. The forest land was deeply tilled and disinfected, with 1000 kg / mu of well-rotted farmyard manure applied during deep tillage. After leveling and harrowing, furrows were dug to prepare seedbeds. The soil pH of the mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest was 6.1, and the organic matter content was 5.3%.

[0048] Comparative Example 2 differs from Example 1 in that: in step S4), sowing and seedling cultivation: the germinated seeds are evenly scattered into the seedbed, covered with 2cm of sterilized humus soil, watered, and then covered with straw, fir leaves and fallen leaves. The seed quantity is 1.5kg / mu.

[0049] Comparative Example 3 differs from Example 1 in that: in step S2), seed harvesting: mature Lophatherum gracile seeds are harvested in late September of the previous year.

[0050] Comparative Example 4 differs from Example 1 in that: in step S4), sowing and seedling cultivation: the germinated seeds are evenly scattered into the seedbed, covered with 2cm of pre-sterilized sterile humus soil, watered and sprayed with cedar leaf extract, and then covered with straw and litter. The seed rate is 1.5kg / mu. The ratio of straw to litter is 1:1, and the thickness is 5cm.

[0051] To verify the effectiveness, the planting methods of Examples 1-4 (experimental group) and Comparative Examples 1-4 (control group) were implemented starting in March 2024. The experimental site was the Lophatherum gracile seedling demonstration area of ​​Fuqian Planting Farmers Professional Cooperative in Suiyang County, Zunyi City, Guizhou Province. The control group and the experimental group were located in the same area but isolated from each other, with the same area. During the experiment, data were observed and statistically analyzed using 1m×1m statistical plots. After the experiment, the germination rate, seedling rate, seedling height, and emergence time of Lophatherum gracile were compared as shown in Table 1.

[0052] Table 1. Growth statistics of *Lophatherum gracile* under different seedling raising methods

[0053] The data in Table 1 show that, in terms of germination rate, seedling rate, seedling height, emergence time, and transplant survival rate, Examples 1-4 have comprehensive and significant advantages over Comparative Examples 1-4. In each example, the germination rate is significantly improved, indicating stronger seed vigor and a substantial reduction in the probability of germination failure. The high seedling rate demonstrates that the planting method of this invention is more stable, with stronger seedling survival ability. The seedling conditions better ensure the growth stability of seedlings from germination to maturity, reducing the occurrence of seedling mortality. The seedling height data shows that the planting method of this invention produces more robust growth and better plant development. The highest seedling height in the comparative examples is 23.20 cm (Comparative Example 4), while the seedling height in Examples 1-4 reaches 25.47 cm-26.75 cm (e.g., Example 1 reaches 26.75 cm), which is 2.27-3.55 cm higher than the highest value in the comparative examples. The higher seedling height indicates stronger photosynthetic and nutrient absorption capacity of the seedlings under the conditions of the examples, resulting in more robust plant growth (not etiolation). In terms of emergence time, the planting method of this invention can significantly shorten the seedling cycle, making the seedling period more efficient. The shortest emergence time in the comparative examples was 196 days (Comparative Example 4), while the emergence time in Examples 1-4 was only 179-182 days (e.g., only 179 days in Example 3), a reduction of 14-17 days compared to the shortest time in the comparative examples. The shorter emergence time means that the examples can significantly compress the seedling cycle, improve seedling time efficiency, and allow for faster transplanting. Regarding transplant survival rate, the planting method of this invention performs exceptionally well, exhibiting stronger transplant adaptability. The highest transplant survival rate in the comparative examples was 90% (Comparative Example 4), while the transplant survival rate in Examples 1-4 was 90%-96% (e.g., 96% in Example 1), with Example 1 exceeding the highest comparative value by 6 percentage points. This indicates that the seedlings cultivated in the examples have superior root systems and plant conditions, allowing them to better adapt to the new environment after transplanting and reducing transplant losses.

[0054] A comparison of the data from Comparative Examples 1-4 and Example 1 shows that the slope and canopy density of the planting site have the greatest impact on seed germination rate. Poor early seed germination data leads to lower seedling rate, seedling height, emergence time, and transplant survival rate, indicating that seed germination has a significant impact on the entire planting process, and suitable planting sites are more conducive to the cultivation of *Lophatherum gracile*. When using seeds that mature in September as usual, the seed germination rate is even worse, indicating that September seeds do not actually accumulate nutrients for seed germination, which is detrimental to seed germination. Data from Comparative Examples 2 and 4 show that *Cunninghamia lanceolata* leaf extract can increase seed adaptability, thereby improving seedling rate; at the same time, the absence of *Cunninghamia lanceolata* leaves in mixed mulch results in poorer overall aeration of the mixed cover, thus having a more significant impact on seedling rate.

[0055] Typical embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, Image A shows the Lophatherum gracile grown by the method in Example 1, and Image B shows the Lophatherum gracile grown by the method in Comparative Example 1. It can be clearly seen that the Lophatherum gracile in the right image is growing worse and has a significantly lower germination rate.

[0056] Figure 2 The leaves of *Lophatherum gracile* grown using the method described in Comparative Example 3.

[0057] Figure 3 The leaves of *Lophatherum gracile* grown using the method described in Comparative Example 2.

[0058] Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 The leaves of *Phyllostachys edulis* were grown using the method described in Example 3.

[0059] Figure 7 , Figure 8 The leaves of *Phyllostachys edulis* were grown using the method described in Example 2.

[0060] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A highly efficient seedling cultivation method for *Lophatherum gracile*, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1) Site selection and land preparation: Select a mixed coniferous and broad-leaved Chinese fir forest with a slope of 5%-15% and a canopy density of 20%-35%, remove dead branches, fallen leaves and weeds under the forest, deep cultivate and disinfect the forest land, fertilize, prepare the land, dig ditches, and then raise seedbeds. S2) Seed harvesting: Mature Lophatherum gracile seeds are harvested from mid-October to late November each year. The seeds are then dried in the shade and stored. S3) Seed germination: Before sowing in the following spring, the seeds of Lophatherum gracile are treated with fungicide and then stored in sand to germinate. Sowing is carried out when the seed sprouting rate reaches 40%. S4) Sowing and seedling cultivation: Evenly scatter the germinated seeds into the seedbed, cover with sterile humus soil, water and spray with cedar leaf extract. S5) Seedling management: When the seedlings reach the preset height, thin them out to maintain a plant spacing of 3cm-5cm; S6) Transplanting seedlings: When the seedlings are 20cm-30cm tall, have 2-3 true leaves, and the tubers at the base of the roots have swelled to 1cm-2cm, they are transplanted out of the nursery.

2. The method for efficient seedling cultivation of *Lophatherum gracile* according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1): the soil of the mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest has a pH of 5.0-6.0 and an organic matter content of 5%-6%.

3. A method for efficient seedling cultivation of *Lophatherum gracile* according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, In step S1): When deep plowing, apply 1000 kg / mu of well-rotted farmyard manure; Soil disinfection employs a combination of physical, chemical, and biological methods. Physical methods: sun exposure; chemical methods: sulfur powder mixed with soil, quicklime mixed with soil; biological methods: application of microbial inoculants; The seedbed should be 1.2m wide and the furrows 20-25cm deep; the surface of the seedbed should be 2-3cm higher in the middle than the sides.

4. The method for efficient seedling cultivation of *Lophatherum gracile* according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2): When the seeds mature, the sharp spikes at the tip of the seed are dark brown, the seeds are plump, and the seeds are oval in shape. After the harvested seeds are air-dried, they should be stored in a dry, uncontaminated container in a cool, well-ventilated place.

5. A method for efficient seedling cultivation of *Phyllostachys edulis* according to claim 1, 2, or 4, characterized in that, In step S3): Bambusa textilis seeds were sterilized using a ratio of 4-6 mL of the fungicide Mycotoxin per 1 kg of seeds. After sterilization, soak the seeds in warm water at 30℃-35℃ for 2-3 hours. After draining, mix them with fine sand at a ratio of 1:5 and place them in an environment at 20℃-25℃ to germinate. Turn them over once a day until the seed sprouting rate reaches 40%.

6. The method for efficient seedling cultivation of *Lophatherum gracile* according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4): Evenly scatter the germinated seeds into the seedbed, cover with 2cm-3cm of sterile humus soil, water and spray with cedar leaf extract, then cover with straw, cedar leaves and fallen leaves. The seed rate is 1kg / mu-2kg / mu. After emergence, spray the seedlings with a mixture of 40g-50g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 30g-50g urea, and 10g brassinolide in 15kg-20kg of water.

7. A method for efficient seedling cultivation of *Lophatherum gracile* according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that, In step S4): The preparation of the Chinese fir leaf extract is as follows: Boil 100g-150g of dried cedar leaves in 1 liter of boiling water for 2 minutes to obtain a cedar leaf extract with a concentration of 100g-150g / L.

8. The method for efficient seedling cultivation of *Lophatherum gracile* according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S4): The mass ratio of straw, fir leaves and fallen leaves is 1:1:1, and the thickness is 5cm-7cm.

9. The method for efficient seedling cultivation of *Lophatherum gracile* according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5): When the seedlings are 5cm-7cm tall, thin them out to maintain a plant spacing of 3cm-5cm; cultivate and weed once every 2 months.

10. A method for efficient seedling cultivation of *Lophatherum gracile* according to claim 1 or 9, characterized in that, In step S5): During the seedling stage, apply a diluted nitrogen fertilizer once, using 5 kg / mu of urea; the growth cycle of light bamboo seedlings is 180-210 days.

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