Vortex sorting machine

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of eddy current sorting equipment, and discloses an eddy current sorting machine which comprises an intelligent speed setting system, and the intelligent speed setting system comprises a frequency converter used for controlling the power supply frequency of a magnetic roller rotating motor, a master controller used for controlling and adjusting the current set frequency of the frequency converter and a detection device used for detecting the sorting effect of the eddy current sorting machine. The detection device is used for conducting secondary detection on the sorting result, an adjusting signal is generated according to the secondary detection result and output to the master controller, and the master controller automatically adjusts the power supply frequency of the frequency converter according to the adjusting signal generated according to the secondary detection result. According to the technical scheme, the method aims at calculating the optimal sorting speed, and has the advantages that the rotating speed of the rotating shaft can be reduced as much as possible on the premise that the sorting effect is guaranteed, electric energy is saved, and the problem of shaft breakage caused by too high rotating speed can be avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of eddy current sorting equipment technology, and more specifically, to eddy current separators. Background Technology

[0002] Eddy current separators are devices that separate metals from non-metals based on the principle of electromagnetic induction. The core technology involves using an alternating magnetic field to generate eddy currents in conductive metals, which are then ejected by the Lorentz force, achieving separation. Their applications cover multiple scenarios, including resource recycling, industrial processing, and environmental treatment. For example, after disassembling electronic devices, a mixture of materials (plastics, circuit boards, copper / aluminum / iron, etc.) is generated. Eddy current separators can accurately separate non-ferromagnetic non-ferrous metals such as copper and aluminum, improving metal recycling rates and meeting the environmental requirements for the harmless treatment of electronic waste.

[0003] Reference Figure 1 The diagram shows the working principle of a common eddy current separator in the prior art. It includes a frame 01, a conveyor belt 02, a magnetic roller 03 located at one end of the conveyor belt 02, a separating plate 04, a non-metallic recycling bin 05, and a non-ferrous metal recycling bin 06. When the mixed material (with ferromagnetic substances pre-removed) conveyed on the conveyor belt 02 reaches the magnetic roller 03, the high-speed rotation of the magnetic roller 03 generates a high-frequency alternating magnetic field. This induces eddy currents within the non-ferrous metals. The magnetic field generated by these eddy currents is opposite in direction to the original magnetic field. Due to this opposing force, the non-ferrous metals jump out along the inclined direction of the conveyor belt 02 into the non-ferrous metal recycling bin 06. Meanwhile, non-ferrous metals such as plastics are conveyed along the conveyor belt 02 until they fall into the non-ferrous metal recycling bin 05, thus achieving the separation of non-ferrous metals.

[0004] A common problem with current eddy current separators is the susceptibility to shaft breakage. While a faster magnetic roller shaft typically results in better separation, this isn't a simple direct correlation. In practice, to improve separation efficiency, setting the magnetic roller shaft motor's frequency converter to 50Hz allows for a rotation speed of 2950 RPM. Setting it to 65-70Hz allows for a rotation speed of 4000 RPM, resulting in even better separation. However, the shaft speed is not static. Different mixtures require different speeds due to variations in particle size, necessitating adjustments to the motor's frequency converter. Therefore, calculating the optimal separation speed for the given material is a key technical challenge. Determining the optimal speed allows for minimizing shaft speed while maintaining separation efficiency, saving energy and preventing shaft breakage caused by excessive speed. Of course, it should be noted that shaft breakage is not simply caused by high rotation speed, but because the concentricity of the shaft itself cannot reach the theoretically 100% concentricity. On this basis, high rotation speed makes the shaft prone to breakage. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the technical problems mentioned in the background art, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] An eddy current separator includes an intelligent speed control system, which comprises a frequency converter for controlling the power supply frequency of the magnetic roller rotation motor, a master controller for controlling and adjusting the currently set frequency of the frequency converter, and a detection device for detecting the separation effect of the eddy current separator.

[0007] The detection method of the detection device is to detect whether the weight of the non-ferromagnetic non-ferrous metal within a first preset time period is less than a first preset threshold.

[0008] If so, keep the current power supply frequency of the inverter unchanged.

[0009] If not, increase the current power supply frequency of the inverter according to the first preset method, and then re-detect whether the weight of the non-ferromagnetic non-ferrous metal within the first preset time period is less than the first preset threshold.

[0010] If the weight of the non-ferromagnetic non-ferromagnetic metal is less than the first preset threshold within a first preset time period, then the weight of the non-ferromagnetic non-ferromagnetic metal is further detected to be less than the second preset threshold within a second preset time period.

[0011] If so, keep the current power supply frequency of the inverter unchanged.

[0012] If not, increase the current power supply frequency of the inverter according to the second preset method.

[0013] Further, it is determined whether the weight of the non-ferromagnetic non-ferrous metal within a third preset time period exceeds a third preset threshold. If so, the current power supply frequency of the inverter remains unchanged; otherwise, the current power supply frequency of the inverter is reduced according to a third preset method.

[0014] The first preset time is less than the second preset time, and the second preset time is less than the third preset time.

[0015] According to the above technical solution, this invention utilizes a detection device to perform secondary detection on the sorting results, and generates an adjustment signal from the secondary detection results, which is then output to the main controller. The main controller automatically adjusts the power supply frequency of the frequency converter based on the adjustment signal generated from the secondary detection results. Based on this technical solution, this invention aims to calculate the optimal sorting speed, with the advantage of minimizing shaft speed while ensuring sorting effectiveness. This not only saves energy but also avoids shaft breakage caused by excessive speed.

[0016] Furthermore, the present invention provides that the first preset time is configured to be 1-30 seconds, the second preset time is configured to be 30-600 seconds, and the third preset time is configured to be more than 1 hour.

[0017] Furthermore, the first preset method of the present invention is as follows:

[0018] Calculate the first ratio between the weight of the non-ferromagnetic non-ferrous metal within a first preset time period and the first preset threshold, and increase the current power supply frequency of the inverter according to the first ratio.

[0019] Furthermore, the second preset method of the present invention is as follows:

[0020] Calculate the second ratio between the weight of the non-ferromagnetic non-ferrous metal within a second preset time period and the second preset threshold, and increase the current power supply frequency of the inverter according to the second ratio.

[0021] Furthermore, the third preset method of the present invention is as follows:

[0022] Calculate the increase in power supply frequency by increasing the current power supply frequency of the frequency converter according to the second ratio.

[0023] Calculate a third ratio between the weight of the non-ferromagnetic non-ferrous metal within a third preset time period and the third preset threshold value. Based on the third ratio and the increase in the power supply frequency, reduce the current power supply frequency of the inverter.

[0024] The decrease in the power supply frequency of the inverter is less than the increase in the power supply frequency.

[0025] Furthermore, in this invention: when it is necessary to increase or decrease the current power supply frequency of the inverter, the detection device sends an adjustment signal, the main controller receives the adjustment signal, and the main controller adjusts the power supply frequency of the inverter accordingly based on the received adjustment signal.

[0026] Further, the present invention includes: a two-stage eddy current separation device, a non-ferromagnetic non-ferromagnetic metal collection box, a weighing sensor for weighing the non-ferromagnetic non-ferromagnetic metal collection box, and an adjustment signal calculation module. The two-stage eddy current separation device inputs the two-stage separated non-ferromagnetic non-ferromagnetic metal into the non-ferromagnetic non-ferromagnetic metal collection box. The weighing sensor transmits the weighing result of the non-ferromagnetic non-ferromagnetic metal collection box to the adjustment signal calculation module. The adjustment signal calculation module calculates a corresponding first adjustment signal, second adjustment signal, or third adjustment signal according to a first preset method, a second preset method, or a third preset method. The first adjustment signal is used to increase the current power supply frequency of the frequency converter according to a first ratio. The second adjustment signal is used to increase the current power supply frequency of the frequency converter according to a second ratio. The third adjustment signal is used to decrease the current power supply frequency of the frequency converter according to a third ratio and the increase in the power supply frequency.

[0027] Furthermore, the present invention states that the detection of whether the weight of the non-ferromagnetic non-ferromagnetic metal within a first preset time period is less than a first preset threshold is performed.

[0028] If so, keep the current power supply frequency of the inverter unchanged.

[0029] Continue to detect whether the weight of the non-ferromagnetic non-ferrous metal is less than the first preset threshold within the first preset time period.

[0030] And the number of tests is set to more than two.

[0031] The present invention further includes: wherein the further detection of whether the weight of the non-ferromagnetic non-ferrous metal within a second preset time period is less than a second preset threshold.

[0032] If so, keep the current power supply frequency of the inverter unchanged.

[0033] Continue to detect whether the weight of the non-ferromagnetic non-ferrous metal is less than the second preset threshold within the second preset time period.

[0034] And the number of tests is set to more than two.

[0035] Furthermore, the invention states that the initial power supply frequency of the frequency converter used to control the power supply frequency of the magnetic roller rotation motor is manually set by the user according to the type of mixture. After the initial power supply frequency is set, the intelligent speed control system performs intelligent speed adjustment.

[0036] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0037] The initial power supply frequency of the frequency converter used to control the power supply frequency of the magnetic roller rotation motor is manually set by the user according to the type of mixture. After the initial power supply frequency is set, the intelligent speed matching system will perform intelligent speed matching adjustment and automatically calculate the optimal sorting speed. The advantage of calculating the optimal sorting speed is that it can reduce the shaft speed as much as possible while ensuring the sorting effect, which not only saves energy, but also avoids the problem of shaft breakage caused by excessive speed. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of an eddy current separator in the background technology. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0040] The eddy current separator includes an intelligent speed control system, which is used to automatically control the speed of the magnetic roller shaft. It can accurately find the appropriate speed for different mixtures to improve the service life of the shaft and save energy.

[0041] The intelligent speed control system of this invention includes a frequency converter for controlling the power supply frequency of the magnetic roller rotating motor, a main controller for controlling and adjusting the currently set frequency of the frequency converter, and a detection device for detecting the sorting effect of the eddy current separator. The detection device performs secondary detection on the sorting results and generates an adjustment signal from the secondary detection results, which is output to the main controller. The main controller automatically adjusts the power supply frequency of the frequency converter based on the adjustment signal generated from the secondary detection results. It should be noted that the initial power supply frequency of the frequency converter is manually set by the user according to the type of mixture. After the initial power supply frequency is set, the intelligent speed control system performs intelligent speed adjustment and automatically calculates the optimal sorting speed. The detection method of the detection device is as follows:

[0042] The system detects whether the weight of non-ferromagnetic non-ferromagnetic metals within a first preset time period is less than a first preset threshold. The first preset time period refers to detecting the weight of non-ferromagnetic non-ferromagnetic metals within a short period of time. The purpose is to determine whether there are non-ferromagnetic non-ferromagnetic metals with a weight exceeding the first preset threshold within a short period of time. If so, it indicates that the separation effect of the eddy current separator is very poor and the power supply frequency of the frequency converter needs to be increased. If not, it indicates that the separation effect of the eddy current separator meets the requirements within a specific short period of time, and the current power supply frequency of the frequency converter can be kept unchanged.

[0043] In this embodiment, the first preset time is set to 1S-30S, for example, 10S. If the weight of non-ferromagnetic non-ferrous metals exceeds the first preset threshold within 10S, it indicates that the sorting effect of the eddy current separator is very poor and the power supply frequency of the inverter needs to be increased. Otherwise, the sorting effect of the surface eddy current separator meets the requirements in a short time, and the current power supply frequency of the inverter can be kept unchanged.

[0044] However, this does not mean that the eddy current separator's sorting effect still meets the requirements over a longer period of time. Therefore, it is necessary to further detect whether the weight of non-ferromagnetic non-ferromagnetic metals within a second preset time period is less than a second preset threshold. The second preset time period refers to detecting the weight of non-ferromagnetic non-ferromagnetic metals over a longer period of time than the first preset time period. The purpose is to determine whether there are non-ferromagnetic non-ferromagnetic metals with a weight exceeding the second preset threshold over a longer period of time. If so, it indicates that although the eddy current separator's sorting index meets the requirements in the short period of time (the first preset time period), the sorting effect of the eddy current separator is still poor over a longer period of time (the second preset time period). Therefore, it is necessary to increase the power supply frequency of the inverter. If not, it indicates that the sorting effect of the eddy current separator still meets the requirements over a longer period of time, and the current power supply frequency of the inverter can be kept unchanged.

[0045] In this embodiment, the second preset time is set to 30S-600S, for example, 500S. If the weight of non-ferromagnetic non-ferrous metals exceeds the second preset threshold within 500S, it indicates that the sorting effect of the eddy current separator is still poor and the power supply frequency of the inverter needs to be increased. Otherwise, the sorting effect of the surface eddy current separator is still satisfactory for a long period of time, and the current power supply frequency of the inverter can be kept unchanged.

[0046] To rule out the possibility that the current power supply frequency is too high, causing all the aforementioned indicators to meet the requirements, but this is detrimental to the service life of the shaft, a further test is conducted to check whether the weight of non-ferromagnetic non-ferrous metals within a third preset time period exceeds a third preset threshold. This third preset time period is quite long, for example, set to more than 1 hour in this embodiment, such as 5 hours. The test checks whether the weight of non-ferromagnetic non-ferrous metals within 5 hours exceeds the third preset threshold. This third preset threshold represents an extremely excellent sorting performance value. If it is lower than this value, it indicates that the sorting effect is too excellent, suggesting that the speed can be appropriately reduced. If it is higher than this value, it indicates that the sorting effect is within a normal and acceptable range, and the current power supply frequency of the inverter remains unchanged. Of course, setting the third preset time and the third preset threshold is based on the premise that the aforementioned two steps of testing have been performed, ensuring that the sorting effect is normal, before considering whether to reduce the shaft speed to avoid excessively high speeds.

[0047] It should be noted that the process involves detecting whether the weight of the non-ferromagnetic non-ferromagnetic metal within a first preset time period is less than a first preset threshold. If not, the current power supply frequency of the inverter is increased according to a first preset method. This first preset method involves calculating a first ratio between the weight of the non-ferromagnetic non-ferromagnetic metal within the first preset time period and the first preset threshold, and then increasing the current power supply frequency of the inverter based on this first ratio. For example, if the first ratio is 1.1, the current power supply frequency of the inverter is increased by 1%; if the first ratio is 2, the current power supply frequency of the inverter is increased by 5%. The correlation between the increase percentage of the current power supply frequency and the first ratio is preset.

[0048] It should also be noted that when detecting whether the weight of the non-ferromagnetic non-ferromagnetic metal within the first preset time period is less than the first preset threshold, if so, the weight of the non-ferromagnetic non-ferromagnetic metal within the first preset time period can be detected again to see if it is less than the first preset threshold, that is, multiple checks can be performed.

[0049] After multiple judgments, when the weight of the non-ferromagnetic non-ferromagnetic metal within the first preset time period is less than the first preset threshold, the weight of the non-ferromagnetic non-ferromagnetic metal within the second preset time period is further checked to see if it is less than the second preset threshold.

[0050] It should be noted that the process involves detecting whether the weight of the non-ferromagnetic non-ferromagnetic metal within the second preset time period is less than a second preset threshold. If not, the current power supply frequency of the inverter is increased according to a second preset method. This second preset method involves calculating a second ratio between the weight of the non-ferromagnetic non-ferromagnetic metal within the second preset time period and the second preset threshold, and then increasing the current power supply frequency of the inverter based on this ratio. For example, if the second ratio is 1.2, the current power supply frequency of the inverter is increased by 2%; if the first ratio is 1.4, the current power supply frequency of the inverter is increased by 5%. The relationship between the increase ratio and the second ratio is also preset.

[0051] It should also be noted that when detecting whether the weight of the non-ferromagnetic non-ferromagnetic metal within the second preset time period is less than the second preset threshold, if so, the weight of the non-ferromagnetic non-ferromagnetic metal within the second preset time period can be detected again to see if it is less than the second preset threshold, that is, multiple checks can be performed.

[0052] After multiple judgments, when the weight of the non-ferromagnetic non-ferromagnetic metal within the second preset time period is less than the second preset threshold, the weight of the non-ferromagnetic non-ferromagnetic metal within the third preset time period is further checked to see if it is less than the third preset threshold.

[0053] It should be noted that the test checks whether the weight of the non-ferromagnetic non-ferrous metal within the third preset time period is less than the third preset threshold. If so, the current power supply frequency of the inverter is appropriately reduced according to the third preset method. The third preset method is as follows: calculate the power supply frequency increase value based on the second ratio, calculate the third ratio between the weight of the non-ferromagnetic non-ferrous metal within the third preset time period and the third preset threshold, and reduce the current power supply frequency of the inverter based on the third ratio and the power supply frequency increase value.

[0054] For example, increasing the power supply frequency by 20 Hz to ensure normal sorting performance is possible. When it's necessary to reduce the power supply frequency, the reduction should be less than 20 Hz. This is because if the reduction is greater than 20 Hz, it's difficult to guarantee that the sorting performance will remain normal. Therefore, the reduction in the inverter's current power supply frequency should be less than the increase in the original power supply frequency.

[0055] It should be noted that when it is necessary to increase or decrease the current power supply frequency of the inverter, the detection device sends an adjustment signal, the main controller receives the adjustment signal, and the main controller adjusts the power supply frequency of the inverter accordingly based on the received adjustment signal.

[0056] Additionally, it should be noted that the detection device is configured as a two-stage eddy current separator, a non-ferromagnetic non-ferromagnetic metal collection box, a weighing sensor for weighing the non-ferromagnetic non-ferromagnetic metal collection box, and an adjustment signal calculation module. The two-stage eddy current separator inputs the non-ferromagnetic non-ferromagnetic metals separated in the two stages into the non-ferromagnetic non-ferromagnetic metal collection box. The weighing sensor transmits the weighing result of the non-ferromagnetic non-ferromagnetic metal collection box to the adjustment signal calculation module. The adjustment signal calculation module calculates the corresponding first adjustment signal, second adjustment signal, or third adjustment signal according to a first preset method, a second preset method, or a third preset method. The first adjustment signal is used to increase the current power supply frequency of the frequency converter according to a first ratio. The second adjustment signal is used to increase the current power supply frequency of the frequency converter according to a second ratio. The third adjustment signal is used to decrease the current power supply frequency of the frequency converter according to a third ratio and the increase in power supply frequency.

[0057] The secondary eddy current separator uses the same eddy current separation principle as the existing eddy current separator to perform secondary separation on the non-ferrous metal mixture output from the primary eddy current separator, and determines whether there are still a large amount of non-ferrous metals in the non-ferrous metal mixture output from the primary eddy current separator that do not meet the preset indicators.

[0058] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the scope of the present invention's concept are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, any improvements and modifications made without departing from the principles of the present invention should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An eddy current separator, characterized in that, The system includes an intelligent speed control system, comprising a frequency converter for controlling the power supply frequency of the magnetic roller rotation motor, a main controller for controlling and adjusting the currently set frequency of the frequency converter, and a detection device for detecting the sorting effect of the eddy current separator. The detection method of the detection device is to detect whether the weight of the non-ferromagnetic non-ferrous metal within a first preset time period is less than a first preset threshold. If so, keep the current power supply frequency of the inverter unchanged. If not, increase the current power supply frequency of the inverter according to the first preset method, and then re-detect whether the weight of the non-ferromagnetic non-ferrous metal within the first preset time period is less than the first preset threshold. If the weight of the non-ferromagnetic non-ferromagnetic metal is less than the first preset threshold within a first preset time period, then the weight of the non-ferromagnetic non-ferromagnetic metal is further detected to be less than the second preset threshold within a second preset time period. If so, keep the current power supply frequency of the inverter unchanged. If not, increase the current power supply frequency of the inverter according to the second preset method. Further, it is determined whether the weight of the non-ferromagnetic non-ferrous metal within a third preset time period exceeds a third preset threshold. If so, the current power supply frequency of the inverter remains unchanged; otherwise, the current power supply frequency of the inverter is reduced according to a third preset method. The first preset time is less than the second preset time, and the second preset time is less than the third preset time.

2. The eddy current separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first preset time is configured to be 1-30 seconds, the second preset time is configured to be 30-600 seconds, and the third preset time is configured to be more than 1 hour.

3. The eddy current separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first preset method is: Calculate the first ratio between the weight of the non-ferromagnetic non-ferrous metal within a first preset time period and the first preset threshold, and increase the current power supply frequency of the inverter according to the first ratio.

4. The eddy current separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second preset method is as follows: Calculate the second ratio between the weight of the non-ferromagnetic non-ferrous metal within a second preset time period and the second preset threshold, and increase the current power supply frequency of the inverter according to the second ratio.

5. The eddy current separator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The third preset method is as follows: Calculate the increase in power supply frequency by increasing the current power supply frequency of the frequency converter according to the second ratio. Calculate a third ratio between the weight of the non-ferromagnetic non-ferrous metal within a third preset time period and the third preset threshold value. Based on the third ratio and the increase in the power supply frequency, reduce the current power supply frequency of the inverter. The decrease in the power supply frequency of the inverter is less than the increase in the power supply frequency.

6. The eddy current separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: When it is necessary to increase or decrease the current power supply frequency of the inverter, the detection device sends an adjustment signal, the main controller receives the adjustment signal, and the main controller adjusts the power supply frequency of the inverter accordingly based on the received adjustment signal.

7. The eddy current separator according to claim 3, 4, or 5, characterized in that: The detection device is configured as a two-stage eddy current separator, a non-ferromagnetic non-ferromagnetic metal collection box, a weighing sensor for weighing the non-ferromagnetic non-ferromagnetic metal collection box, and an adjustment signal calculation module. The two-stage eddy current separator inputs the two-stage separated non-ferromagnetic non-ferromagnetic metal into the non-ferromagnetic non-ferromagnetic metal collection box. The weighing sensor transmits the weighing result of the non-ferromagnetic non-ferromagnetic metal collection box to the adjustment signal calculation module. The adjustment signal calculation module calculates a corresponding first adjustment signal, second adjustment signal, or third adjustment signal according to a first preset method, a second preset method, or a third preset method. The first adjustment signal is used to increase the current power supply frequency of the frequency converter according to a first ratio. The second adjustment signal is used to increase the current power supply frequency of the frequency converter according to a second ratio. The third adjustment signal is used to decrease the current power supply frequency of the frequency converter according to a third ratio and the increase in the power supply frequency.

8. The eddy current separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process involves detecting whether the weight of the non-ferromagnetic non-ferrous metal within a first preset time period is less than a first preset threshold. If so, keep the current power supply frequency of the inverter unchanged. Continue to detect whether the weight of the non-ferromagnetic non-ferrous metal is less than the first preset threshold within the first preset time period. And the number of tests is set to more than two.

9. The eddy current separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The further detection involves determining whether the weight of the non-ferromagnetic non-ferrous metal within a second preset time period is less than a second preset threshold. If so, keep the current power supply frequency of the inverter unchanged. Continue to detect whether the weight of the non-ferromagnetic non-ferrous metal is less than the second preset threshold within the second preset time period. And the number of tests is set to more than two.

10. The eddy current separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The initial power supply frequency of the frequency converter used to control the power supply frequency of the magnetic roller rotation motor is manually set by the user according to the type of mixture. After the initial power supply frequency is set, the intelligent speed control system will then perform intelligent speed adjustment.

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