Fan motor self-adaptive control system and method based on bus serial connection

Abstract

The invention discloses a fan motor self-adaptive control system and method based on bus serial connection. According to the invention, the upper computer is used for operating control software; and a plurality of fan motor nodes, wherein each fan motor node comprises a motor and a controller associated with the motor; the system further comprises a serial communication bus which is used for electrically connecting the fan motor nodes with the upper computer in series and forming a communication network. The upper computer sends a control instruction containing address information to a specified fan motor node through the serial communication bus, the control instruction at least comprises a target rotating speed and / or running direction instruction, and independent control over the rotating speed and / or running direction of each fan motor node is achieved; according to the system and the self-adaptive control method applied to the system, independent control and state monitoring of each fan motor node connected in series can be achieved, the rotating speed and the rotating direction of each fan are dynamically adjusted according to real-time temperature field data, and refined and intelligent heat dissipation management is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of motor control and intelligent heat dissipation technology, specifically relating to an adaptive control system and method for a fan motor based on bus serial connection. Background Technology

[0002] In computer servers, communication equipment, high-end graphics cards, and modern electronic device chassis, multiple cooling fans are typically installed to create an effective cooling airflow. Currently, the mainstream control method for multiple fan motors is parallel PWM control, where all fans receive the same pulse width modulation (PWM) signal from the host computer. All fans can only operate at the same duty cycle (i.e., the same target speed), making it impossible to differentiate speeds based on the thermal load differences in different areas within the device. Another method is simple series speed monitoring, where multiple fans connected in series can only send back a single, comprehensive speed signal (usually the signal from one of the individual fans), or require a separate speed feedback line for each fan, resulting in complex system wiring and the inability of the host computer to accurately obtain and correlate the real-time status of each individual fan. Furthermore, the steering control is rigid. The forward and reverse rotation of the fan motor usually requires switching the phase of the Hall sensor through a hardware switch, and it cannot be dynamically and remotely switched in real time through software commands, which limits the possibility of optimizing the heat dissipation path by utilizing changes in airflow direction. Moreover, it lacks environmental perception and intelligent decision-making. That is, existing solutions mostly rely on preset speed curves (usually based on the central processing unit temperature), and cannot perform global perception and intelligent decision-making based on the temperature field formed inside the device. For example, it cannot track and enhance heat dissipation for local "hot spots", or guide airflow and eliminate eddies by changing the direction of a specific fan.

[0003] Therefore, in view of the above-mentioned technical problems and defects, there is an urgent need to design and develop an adaptive control system and method for fan motors based on bus serial connection. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the shortcomings and difficulties of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a fan motor adaptive control system and method based on bus serial connection, which can independently, accurately, and addressably control multiple fan motors connected in series, and can achieve adaptive intelligent heat dissipation based on environmental perception.

[0005] The first objective of this invention is to provide an adaptive control system for a fan motor based on bus serial connection; the second objective of this invention is to provide an adaptive control method for a fan motor based on bus serial connection.

[0006] The first objective of the present invention is achieved as follows: the system includes a host computer for running control software; and a plurality of fan motor nodes, wherein each fan motor node includes a motor and an associated controller;

[0007] The system also includes a serial communication bus that electrically connects the plurality of fan motor nodes to the host computer to form a communication network; wherein, the host computer sends control commands containing address information to designated fan motor nodes through the serial communication bus, and the control commands include at least target speed and / or direction of operation commands, thereby realizing independent control of the speed and / or direction of operation of each fan motor node.

[0008] Furthermore, the host computer is also provided with a first data acquisition module for receiving temperature field data from a temperature sensor; and a first calculation module for calculating at least one target control parameter among the plurality of fan motor nodes based on the temperature field data and through an algorithm; wherein the target control parameter includes a target rotation speed and / or a target rotation direction;

[0009] The host computer is also equipped with a first generation module for generating the control command based on the target control parameters.

[0010] Furthermore, the first calculation module is also provided with a second calculation module for calculating the temperature gradient in the temperature field; and a first control module for controlling the target speed and / or target rotation direction of the fan motor node in the corresponding area according to the direction and / or magnitude of the temperature gradient.

[0011] Furthermore, the first control module is equipped with a second control module and a third control module respectively;

[0012] In the second control module, when the temperature gradient is greater than zero, the corresponding fan motor node is controlled to operate in the positive direction at a speed positively correlated with the gradient value;

[0013] In the third control module, when the temperature gradient is less than zero, the corresponding fan motor node is controlled to run in reverse.

[0014] Furthermore, the host computer is also equipped with a second data acquisition module for receiving status feedback data from each fan motor node via the serial communication bus; wherein, the status feedback data includes at least actual speed information, and the control software performs closed-loop control adjustment based on the actual speed information and target control parameters.

[0015] Furthermore, the closed-loop control adjustment includes dynamically adjusting the proportional, integral, and derivative parameters in the control algorithm based on the deviation between the actual rotational speed and the target rotational speed, and / or based on the comparison between the rate of temperature change and the expected value.

[0016] Furthermore, the system also includes light-emitting units associated with each fan motor node;

[0017] The host computer sends independent lighting control commands to the designated fan motor node through the serial communication bus, and controls the lighting effect of the corresponding light-emitting unit through the lighting control commands.

[0018] The fan motor node is further provided with a first control circuit for controlling the motor control state; the light-emitting unit is further provided with a second control circuit for controlling the lighting effect.

[0019] Furthermore, the serial communication bus adopts a single-wire or multi-wire communication protocol;

[0020] The transmission frame structure of the control command includes an address field, a command field, and a data field. The command field is used to indicate speed control, steering control, or start-stop control.

[0021] Furthermore, one or more of the plurality of fan motor nodes are multiple motors within a single integrated fan, and the multiple motors within the single integrated fan are connected in series via the serial communication bus and communicate with the host computer.

[0022] The second objective of this invention is achieved as follows: the method is applied to the bus-connected fan motor adaptive control system; the method includes the following steps:

[0023] Control commands containing address information are broadcast or unicast to multiple fan motor nodes connected in series via a serial communication bus; wherein the control commands are received and executed by the fan motor nodes with corresponding addresses on the serial communication bus, and the speed and / or direction of operation of the node are adjusted independently.

[0024] This invention includes a host computer for running control software; and multiple fan motor nodes, each fan motor node comprising a motor and an associated controller; the system further includes a serial communication bus electrically connecting the multiple fan motor nodes to the host computer to form a communication network; wherein the host computer sends control commands containing address information to designated fan motor nodes through the serial communication bus, the control commands including at least a target speed and / or direction of rotation commands, to achieve independent control of the speed and / or direction of rotation of each fan motor node; and an adaptive control method applied to the system, which enables independent control and status monitoring of each connected fan motor node, and dynamically adjusts the speed and direction of each fan based on real-time temperature field data, achieving refined and intelligent heat dissipation management.

[0025] In other words, this invention achieves independent and precise control of the speed, direction, and start / stop of multiple serially connected fan motors through bus serialization and address addressing mechanisms. It also automatically adjusts the operating status of each fan based on temperature field data and gradient algorithms, thereby upgrading traditional homogeneous heat dissipation into an adaptive closed-loop heat dissipation system that can dynamically track hotspots and intelligently guide airflow. At the same time, it simplifies wiring and supports functional expansion. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the adaptive control system framework for a fan motor based on bus serial connection according to the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the process framework of an embodiment of the adaptive control system for a fan motor based on bus serial connection according to the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the adaptive control system for a fan motor based on bus serial connection according to the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the combined temperature field gradient analysis and airflow control logic of a fan motor adaptive control system based on bus serial connection according to the present invention; wherein, Temperature Field is the temperature field; Temperature (°C) is the temperature (degrees Celsius); Temperature Gradient is the temperature gradient; Temperature Gradient & AirflowVectors are the temperature gradient and airflow vectors;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the first control circuit of a fan motor adaptive control system based on bus serial connection according to the present invention.

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the second control circuit of a fan motor adaptive control system based on bus serial connection according to the present invention.

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of an embodiment of the adaptive control system for a fan motor based on bus serial connection according to the present invention.

[0034] Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the flow framework of an embodiment of the adaptive control system for a fan motor based on bus serial connection according to the present invention;

[0035] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the adaptive control method for a fan motor based on bus serial connection according to the present invention.

[0036] The objectives, features, and advantages of this invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To facilitate a clearer understanding of the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this invention from the content disclosed in this specification.

[0038] This invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific examples, and various details in this specification can also be modified and changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of this invention.

[0039] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0040] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this invention involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Secondly, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0041] The invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, such as Figures 1-8 As shown, the present invention provides a fan motor adaptive control system based on bus serial connection. The system includes a host computer for running control software and multiple fan motor nodes, wherein each fan motor node includes a motor and an associated controller.

[0042] The system also includes a serial communication bus that electrically connects the plurality of fan motor nodes to the host computer to form a communication network; wherein, the host computer sends control commands containing address information to designated fan motor nodes through the serial communication bus, and the control commands include at least target speed and / or direction of operation commands, thereby realizing independent control of the speed and / or direction of operation of each fan motor node.

[0043] The host computer is also provided with a first data acquisition module for receiving temperature field data from a temperature sensor; and a first calculation module for calculating at least one target control parameter among the plurality of fan motor nodes based on the temperature field data and through an algorithm; wherein the target control parameter includes a target rotation speed and / or a target rotation direction;

[0044] The host computer is also equipped with a first generation module for generating the control command based on the target control parameters.

[0045] The first calculation module also includes a second calculation module for calculating the temperature gradient in the temperature field; and a first control module for controlling the target rotation speed and / or target rotation direction of the fan motor node in the corresponding area according to the direction and / or magnitude of the temperature gradient.

[0046] The first control module is equipped with a second control module and a third control module respectively;

[0047] In the second control module, when the temperature gradient is greater than zero, the corresponding fan motor node is controlled to operate in the positive direction at a speed positively correlated with the gradient value;

[0048] In the third control module, when the temperature gradient is less than zero, the corresponding fan motor node is controlled to run in reverse.

[0049] The host computer is also equipped with a second data acquisition module for receiving status feedback data from each fan motor node via the serial communication bus; wherein, the status feedback data includes at least actual speed information, and the control software performs closed-loop control adjustment based on the actual speed information and target control parameters.

[0050] The closed-loop control adjustment includes dynamically adjusting the proportional, integral, and derivative parameters in the control algorithm based on the deviation between the actual rotational speed and the target rotational speed, and / or based on the comparison between the rate of temperature change and the expected value.

[0051] The system also includes light-emitting units associated with each fan motor node;

[0052] The host computer sends independent lighting control commands to the designated fan motor node through the serial communication bus, and controls the lighting effect of the corresponding light-emitting unit through the lighting control commands.

[0053] The fan motor node is further provided with a first control circuit for controlling the motor control state; the light-emitting unit is further provided with a second control circuit for controlling the lighting effect.

[0054] The serial communication bus adopts a single-wire or multi-wire communication protocol.

[0055] The transmission frame structure of the control command includes an address field, a command field, and a data field. The command field is used to indicate speed control, steering control, or start-stop control.

[0056] One or more of the multiple fan motor nodes are multiple motors within a single integrated fan, and the multiple motors within the single integrated fan are connected in series via the serial communication bus and communicate with the host computer.

[0057] Specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, the architecture is similar to UART TX & RX; TX continuously sends a mode signal, and the Nth fan will receive a signal from RX. TX sending a signal indicates that all fans have successfully entered mode; TX can send commands all at once: Address1 + PWM1 + ... + Address N + PWM N (controlling the speed of each motor); FR address = 0X89 (controlling the forward / reverse rotation of each motor), and after sending the command, a start command (Action) must be given; when querying the speed, only one fan can be queried at a time, and the second fan can only be queried after confirmation. Automatic speed control involves a temperature field sensor collecting temperatures from multiple areas, calculating the "deviation between the area temperature and the set value," and adjusting the target speed through an algorithm (rapidly increasing speed when the deviation is large, and finely adjusting when the deviation is small).

[0058] Automatic steering determines airflow demand (e.g., "the hot area on the left side of the computer case needs enhanced cooling") based on the "temperature field gradient" (e.g., ∇T=T1-T2 / T2-T3), and sends a "reverse" command (fans rotate in reverse, changing the airflow direction); closed-loop optimization: the temperature monitoring module tracks fan performance (e.g., speed fluctuations) in real time, and if "efficiency decline" is detected (e.g., temperature does not decrease at the same speed), it automatically adjusts PID parameters (e.g., increasing the coefficient); the control software receives the speed information of each fan and controls the fan speed in real time; it has LED lighting effects, and can independently control the lighting effects of each fan based on the address received by the control software.

[0059] For example: A1. The host computer detects that the ambient temperature T1 rises and the temperature T2 falls through the temperature sensor; if the algorithm needs to adjust the speed of fan 1 in group A and fan 2 in group B to run in reverse to help dissipate heat from T1; (1) In the APP, the default parameters of the fans are set to be customizable (optional). At this time, the APP sets the ambient temperature to 50℃, which corresponds to FAN1 in group A: 1500RPM, FAN2 in group B: running in reverse, with a speed of 1200RPM. The host computer sends data to the MCU through ①, and the MCU sends the instruction to all nodes through ②, but only FAN1 in group A and FAN2 in group B respond (FAN1 in group A: 1500RPM, FAN2 in group B: running in reverse, with a speed of 1200RPM), ③ the control software receives the feedback data (currently FAN1 in group A - speed 1500Rpm, FAN2 in group B - reverse direction - speed 1200Rpm), and automatically adjusts the status of each fan (speed, direction of operation) according to the temperature change at any time.

[0060] A2. Based on the fan address feedback, the fan position is independently controlled and the lighting effect of each fan is controlled. (2) In the APP, A group fan 1: red LED lighting effect, B group fan 2: green LED lighting effect. The host computer sends data to the MCU through ①, and the MCU sends the instruction to all nodes through ②, so as to achieve A group fan 1: red LED lighting effect, B group fan 2: green LED lighting effect.

[0061] Combining temperature field gradient analysis and airflow control logic, a graph framework for determining fan speed and reversal is designed. A. Three-dimensional coordinate system: X / Y / Z axes represent spatial coordinates, with color mapping indicating temperature (20-80℃). B. Overlay vector arrows: indicating airflow direction (calculated based on temperature gradient). C. Key area marking: hot areas (such as the high-temperature area on the left) are marked in red, and cold areas are marked in blue.

[0062] If ∇T>0, it indicates that heat is accumulating from the air inlet to the middle area (requiring enhanced heat dissipation); if ∇T<0, it indicates that heat is flowing in the opposite direction (the fan may need to be reversed). The larger the absolute value of the gradient, the more urgent the need for heat dissipation; the higher the fan speed (0-2000rpm); if the gradient direction is abnormal (e.g., the temperature in the middle area is lower than that at the air outlet), a reversal is triggered to change the airflow direction; when ∇T>0, the speed increases linearly with the gradient (e.g., when ∇T=0.5, the speed = 1000rpm, when ∇T=1.0, the speed = 2000rpm); when ∇T<0, a reversal command is triggered, and the speed remains at 0rpm or runs at a low reverse speed (e.g., 500rpm).

[0063] Based on the above embodiments, in another embodiment of the present invention, the system communication and control process is as follows: Initialization and addressing: After the system is powered on, the host computer can send broadcast commands via the bus to automatically assign or confirm the preset addresses of each fan motor node connected in series. Command issuance: The host computer's control software generates control commands for specific address nodes based on the temperature field analysis results. The command frame structure includes a start bit, a target address field, a command type field (e.g., 0x01 represents setting the speed, 0x89 represents setting the direction), a data field (e.g., speed value or direction value), a check bit, and a stop bit. For example, the host computer can send a long frame containing "address 1 + speed value A + address 2 + speed value B + ... + address N + speed value N" to set the target speed of all fans at once. Finally, a unified "execute" command is sent, and all nodes take effect synchronously. Independent execution: Only fan motor nodes with matching addresses will respond to the corresponding control commands, adjusting their internal PWM output to change the motor speed or switching the phase of the drive circuit to change the direction.

[0064] For status queries, the host computer can poll the nodes sequentially, sending status query commands to each address. The queried node then returns its actual rotation speed, current direction of rotation, and other information to the host computer via the bus, thus achieving status monitoring.

[0065] To achieve the above objectives, such as Figure 9 As shown, the present invention also provides a fan motor adaptive control method based on bus serial connection, the processing method being applied to the system; the method includes the following steps: broadcasting or unicasting control instructions containing address information to multiple fan motor nodes connected in series via a serial communication bus; wherein, the control instructions are received and executed by the fan motor nodes with corresponding addresses on the serial communication bus, and the speed and / or direction of rotation of the node are adjusted independently.

[0066] The specific details of the method steps involved in the embodiments of the present invention have been described above and will not be repeated here.

[0067] Specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, the host computer continuously acquires data from the temperature sensor and calculates the temperature gradient (∇T) between key areas. For example, inside a computer case, the gradient between the air inlet area (T1), the central chip area (T2), and the air outlet area (T3) is calculated. Step S301: Calculate the temperature gradient ∇T = (T2 - T1) / (T3 - T2) (or other gradient formulas reflecting the direction of heat flow).

[0068] Step S302: Determine whether ∇T is greater than the threshold ε (ε>0).

[0069] Step S303: If ∇T>ε, it indicates that heat is flowing in the forward direction, but the heat dissipation demand is high. At this time, control the fan node in the corresponding area (such as the area near T2) to operate in the forward direction, and its target speed is positively correlated with the magnitude of ∇T (e.g., linearly or piecewise linearly increasing) to enhance heat dissipation.

[0070] Step S304: If ∇T < -ε, it indicates heat accumulation or abnormal flow direction. At this time, a reversal command can be triggered to control the relevant fan nodes to run in reverse, thereby changing the local airflow direction and guiding the heat to diffuse in the expected direction.

[0071] Step S305: If -ε≤∇T≤ε, then maintain the current speed and direction, or make fine adjustments.

[0072] Step S306: After the control is executed, the system continues to monitor temperature changes and the actual fan speed, and dynamically adjusts the PID parameters of the control algorithm to optimize response speed and stability.

[0073] Example:

[0074] Inside a computer case, four fans (node ​​addresses 1-4) are installed in series, along with five temperature sensors. The control software detects a sharp rise in temperature in the graphics card area (sensor 2), forming a hot spot, while the CPU area (sensor 3) maintains a normal temperature.

[0075] The software calculated the temperature gradient in the area near the graphics card and found that ∇T was significantly greater than the positive threshold.

[0076] The host computer sends commands via the serial bus: "Address 2, speed 2000 RPM, forward rotation; Address 3, speed 800 RPM, forward rotation".

[0077] The fan nodes at addresses 2 and 3 respond respectively, with the fan near the graphics card running at high speed to enhance heat dissipation, and the fan near the CPU running at low speed to reduce noise.

[0078] At the same time, the software sends the command: "Address 2, LED red; Address 3, LED blue", to indicate the heat dissipation status through light effects.

[0079] If subsequent monitoring reveals heat buildup at the rear of the chassis (gradient anomaly), the software can send: "Address 4, reverse, speed 1200RPM" to reverse the rear fan, guiding the accumulated hot air forward and expelling it through the front air fan, thus optimizing the airflow.

[0080] This invention includes a host computer for running control software; and multiple fan motor nodes, each fan motor node comprising a motor and an associated controller; the system further includes a serial communication bus electrically connecting the multiple fan motor nodes to the host computer to form a communication network; wherein the host computer sends control commands containing address information to designated fan motor nodes through the serial communication bus, the control commands including at least a target speed and / or direction of rotation commands, to achieve independent control of the speed and / or direction of rotation of each fan motor node; and an adaptive control method applied to the system, which enables independent control and status monitoring of each connected fan motor node, and dynamically adjusts the speed and direction of each fan based on real-time temperature field data, achieving refined and intelligent heat dissipation management.

[0081] In other words, this invention achieves independent and precise control of the speed, direction, and start / stop of multiple serially connected fan motors through bus serialization and address addressing mechanisms. It also automatically adjusts the operating status of each fan based on temperature field data and gradient algorithms, thereby upgrading traditional homogeneous heat dissipation into an adaptive closed-loop heat dissipation system that can dynamically track hotspots and intelligently guide airflow. At the same time, it simplifies wiring and supports functional expansion.

[0082] In other words, the present invention involves multiple fans / motors connected in series (one fan with one motor or a single fan with multiple motors connected in series). The host computer runs control software to calculate the target speed and direction of each fan based on temperature field / sensor data, thereby achieving automatic speed control and automatic change of airflow direction (e.g., by reverse rotation). The multiple fan motors connected in series control the speed and start / stop of each fan motor. The multiple fan motors connected in series control the direction of operation of each fan motor (forward or reverse). The multiple fan motors connected in series can read the speed of each fan motor.

[0083] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of this patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A fan motor adaptive control system based on bus serial connection, characterized in that, The system includes a host computer for running control software; and multiple fan motor nodes, wherein each fan motor node includes a motor and an associated controller; The system also includes a serial communication bus that electrically connects the plurality of fan motor nodes to the host computer to form a communication network; wherein, the host computer sends control commands containing address information to designated fan motor nodes through the serial communication bus, and the control commands include at least target speed and / or direction of operation commands, thereby realizing independent control of the speed and / or direction of operation of each fan motor node.

2. The adaptive control system for a fan motor based on bus serial connection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The host computer is also provided with a first data acquisition module for receiving temperature field data from a temperature sensor; and a first calculation module for calculating at least one target control parameter among the plurality of fan motor nodes based on the temperature field data and through an algorithm; wherein the target control parameter includes a target rotation speed and / or a target rotation direction; The host computer is also equipped with a first generation module for generating the control command based on the target control parameters.

3. The adaptive control system for a fan motor based on bus serial connection according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first calculation module is further provided with a second calculation module for calculating the temperature gradient in the temperature field; and a first control module for controlling the target speed and / or target rotation direction of the fan motor node in the corresponding area according to the direction and / or magnitude of the temperature gradient.

4. The fan motor adaptive control system based on bus serial connection according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first control module is equipped with a second control module and a third control module respectively; In the second control module, when the temperature gradient is greater than zero, the corresponding fan motor node is controlled to operate in the positive direction at a speed positively correlated with the gradient value; In the third control module, when the temperature gradient is less than zero, the corresponding fan motor node is controlled to run in reverse.

5. A fan motor adaptive control system based on bus serial connection according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The host computer is also equipped with a second data acquisition module for receiving status feedback data from each fan motor node via the serial communication bus; wherein, the status feedback data includes at least actual speed information, and the control software performs closed-loop control adjustment based on the actual speed information and target control parameters.

6. The fan motor adaptive control system based on bus serial connection according to claim 5, characterized in that, The closed-loop control adjustment includes dynamically adjusting the proportional, integral, and derivative parameters in the control algorithm based on the deviation between the actual rotational speed and the target rotational speed, and / or based on the comparison between the rate of temperature change and the expected value.

7. The fan motor adaptive control system based on bus serial connection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The system also includes light-emitting units associated with each fan motor node; The host computer sends independent lighting control commands to the designated fan motor node through the serial communication bus, and controls the lighting effect of the corresponding light-emitting unit through the lighting control commands. The fan motor node is further provided with a first control circuit for controlling the motor control state; the light-emitting unit is further provided with a second control circuit for controlling the lighting effect.

8. The adaptive control system for a fan motor based on bus serial connection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The serial communication bus adopts a single-wire or multi-wire communication protocol. The transmission frame structure of the control command includes an address field, a command field, and a data field. The command field is used to indicate speed control, steering control, or start-stop control.

9. A fan motor adaptive control system based on bus serial connection according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that, One or more of the multiple fan motor nodes are multiple motors within a single integrated fan, and the multiple motors within the single integrated fan are connected in series via the serial communication bus and communicate with the host computer.

10. A fan motor adaptive control method applied to the system described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The method includes: Control commands containing address information are broadcast or unicast to multiple fan motor nodes connected in series via a serial communication bus; wherein the control commands are received and executed by the fan motor nodes with corresponding addresses on the serial communication bus, and the speed and / or direction of operation of the node are adjusted independently.

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