Lake ecology monitoring system integrating polarization imaging and environmental DNA collection

Abstract

The invention discloses a lake ecology monitoring system integrating polarization imaging and environmental DNA collection. The lake ecology monitoring system comprises at least one monitoring pile arranged in a lake; a polarization imaging module, an environment DNA (Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid) acquisition module, a data processing module and a communication unit are integrated on the monitoring pile; the polarization imaging module is used for acquiring polarization image information of a lake surface and a lower water area; the environment DNA acquisition module is used for periodically acquiring DNA samples in a water body; the data processing module processes the polarization image information and the DNA sample and sends the processed information to the communication unit, and the communication unit is in communication connection with a cloud server. Compared with the prior art, the lake ecology monitoring system integrating polarization imaging and environmental DNA collection has the advantages that manual dependence is reduced, and automatic operation can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ecological environment monitoring technology, specifically to a lake ecological monitoring system that integrates polarization imaging and environmental DNA collection. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing severity of environmental pollution and ecological degradation, efficient and accurate monitoring of inland water ecosystems such as lakes has become crucial.

[0003] Currently, traditional methods for monitoring lake ecology mainly include manual sampling and laboratory analysis. These methods have drawbacks such as high labor intensity, poor timeliness, limited spatial coverage, and difficulty in capturing sudden environmental events.

[0004] In recent years, although remote sensing technology can provide macroscopic information over a wide range, its ability to distinguish fine structures and biological communities below the water surface is limited.

[0005] In existing technologies, optical technology is used to invert indicators such as suspended solids concentration and chlorophyll a content in water bodies, but it usually depends on the spectral reflectance of the water surface, is easily affected by weather and lighting conditions, and is difficult to distinguish between different types of particulate matter.

[0006] Meanwhile, biomonitoring technology based on environmental DNA (eDNA) can efficiently identify the presence and abundance of species by analyzing residual biological DNA fragments in water bodies. However, this technology usually requires manual collection of water samples and complex extraction and sequencing analysis in the laboratory, which cannot achieve in-situ, continuous, and automated monitoring.

[0007] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a monitoring system that can overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings, integrate optical information with genetic information in situ, and achieve a comprehensive assessment of the health status of lake ecosystems. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned technical defects and provide a lake ecological monitoring system that integrates polarization imaging and environmental DNA collection, which reduces reliance on manual labor and can be operated automatically.

[0009] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution provided by the present invention is: a lake ecological monitoring system integrating polarization imaging and environmental DNA collection, including at least one monitoring pile installed in the lake; The monitoring pile is equipped with a polarization imaging module, an environmental DNA acquisition module, a data processing module, and a communication unit. The polarization imaging module acquires polarization image information of the lake surface and its underlying water layer, while the environmental DNA collection module periodically collects DNA samples from the water. The data processing module processes the polarization image information and DNA sample, and sends the processed information to the communication unit, which is connected to the cloud server.

[0010] Preferably, it also includes an energy supply module integrated on the monitoring pile, the energy supply module including a solar panel and an energy storage battery.

[0011] Preferably, the polarization imaging device includes a multispectral polarization light source, an underwater polarization camera, an optical window, and an adjustable gimbal; The multispectral polarization light source emits polarized light into the water, and the underwater polarization camera receives the reflected light through an optical window to obtain a polarized image. The adjustable gimbal drives the underwater polarization camera to adjust the shooting angle.

[0012] Preferably, the multispectral polarization light source is an LED array light source, and is also integrated with a linear polarizer to output polarized light of different wavelengths.

[0013] Preferably, the environmental DNA collection module includes a microfluidic filtration unit, a sampling pump, and a storage chamber; The sampling pump drives water to flow through the microfluidic filtration unit to trap DNA carriers, and the filtered samples are stored in the preservation chamber.

[0014] Preferably, the data processing module includes an edge computing unit, a local storage unit, and a control unit; The edge computing unit processes polarization images and DNA samples, the local storage unit caches data, and the control unit coordinates the operation of modules within the system.

[0015] Preferably, the energy supply module is further connected to a wind power storage unit, which is connected in parallel with the solar panel to charge the energy storage battery.

[0016] Preferably, the polarization image information is acquired once a day, and the environmental DNA sample is collected once a month.

[0017] Another aspect of the present invention discloses a monitoring pile, comprising a pile body on which the polarization imaging module, environmental DNA acquisition module, data processing module, communication unit and energy supply module of the system are integrated.

[0018] Preferably, the pile body is made of corrosion-resistant material and has an anchoring structure at the bottom to fix it to the lake bottom.

[0019] The advantages of this invention compared to existing technologies are as follows: polarization imaging enables real-time inversion of optical parameters such as water turbidity and algal bloom distribution; eDNA collection accurately identifies biodiversity; dual-modal data complementarity enhances the comprehensiveness of ecological assessment; edge computing units process data locally and provide early warning of anomalies; and wind-solar complementary power supply ensures reduced dependence on external energy sources, guaranteeing long-term stable and low-energy operation of the equipment, thus providing a high-precision, low-cost closed-loop solution for lake health management. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a lake ecological monitoring system that integrates polarization imaging and environmental DNA collection. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] Combined with appendix Figure 1 As shown, a lake ecological monitoring system integrating polarization imaging and environmental DNA collection includes at least one monitoring pile located in the lake. The monitoring pile integrates a polarization imaging module, an environmental DNA collection module, a data processing module, and a communication unit. The polarization imaging module acquires polarization image information of the lake surface and its underlying water layer, while the environmental DNA collection module periodically collects DNA samples from the water. The data processing module processes the polarization image information and DNA samples and sends the processed information to the communication unit, which is connected to a cloud server. The system also includes an energy supply module integrated on the monitoring pile, comprising a solar panel and a storage battery.

[0023] In a specific implementation of this invention, the monitoring pile is vertically installed in the target water area of ​​the lake. The pile body is made of corrosion-resistant material, and the bottom is fixed to the lake bottom by an anchoring structure to ensure long-term stability. The polarization imaging module is installed on the upper part of the pile and consists of a multispectral polarization light source, an underwater polarization camera, an optical window, and an adjustable gimbal. The multispectral polarization light source (such as an LED array integrated linear polarizer) emits polarized light of different wavelengths into the water, reducing light pollution interference. The underwater polarization camera receives reflected light through a high-transmittance optical window and acquires multi-directional polarized images. The adjustable gimbal drives the camera to scan horizontally 360° and vertically ±30°, expanding the monitoring coverage. By inverting the water turbidity, suspended solids concentration, and algal bloom distribution through polarization characteristics, it compensates for the insufficient perception of deep structures by traditional optical monitoring. The environmental DNA collection module is located in the middle of the pile and includes a microfluidic filtration unit, a sampling pump, and a storage chamber. The sampling pump drives the water to flow through the filtration unit, trapping plankton, microorganisms, and other eDNA carriers. After filtration, the sample is stored in the storage chamber with built-in stabilizers to prevent degradation, thereby achieving non-destructive collection and in-situ preservation of eDNA, providing reliable samples for biodiversity analysis. The data processing module is integrated into the internal chassis of the pile, including an edge computing unit, a local storage unit, and a control unit. The edge computing unit processes polarization images and eDNA samples locally, the local storage unit caches raw data and results, and the control unit coordinates the timing of each module, thereby reducing the amount of data transmission and enabling real-time monitoring and early warning of abnormal situations. In this invention, the communication unit uploads the processed data to the cloud server via 4G / 5G or satellite communication, supporting remote monitoring and historical data analysis; To facilitate energy supply, the energy supply module includes solar panels, energy storage batteries, and wind power storage units, providing wind and solar power complementarity to ensure continuous operation on cloudy and rainy days and reduce manual maintenance costs.

[0024] The contents not described in detail in this specification are existing technologies known to those skilled in the art.

[0025] Working principle of the invention: The polarization imaging module is activated periodically, the gimbal adjusts the angle to scan the water area, acquires surface and lower layer polarization images, and the edge computing unit inverts water quality parameters and uploads them to the cloud. The sampling pump is periodically activated, and the water flows through the filtration unit to trap the eDNA vector. The sample is then sealed and stored in the preservation chamber. Samples are manually retrieved periodically or preliminary sequencing is triggered remotely. The cloud server integrates polarized water quality data with eDNA species information to generate an ecological health report and provide early warnings for abnormal triggers. Through the above-mentioned synergy, the system achieves in-situ fusion monitoring of optical parameters and genetic information, providing comprehensive and efficient decision support for lake ecological management.

[0026] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0027] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above. This description is not restrictive, and the accompanying drawings are only one embodiment of the present invention; the actual structure is not limited thereto. In conclusion, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and design similar structures and embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention, such designs should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lake ecological monitoring system integrating polarization imaging and environmental DNA collection, characterized in that: Includes at least one monitoring stake located within the lake; The monitoring pile is equipped with a polarization imaging module, an environmental DNA acquisition module, a data processing module, and a communication unit. The polarization imaging module acquires polarization image information of the lake surface and its underlying water layer, while the environmental DNA collection module periodically collects DNA samples from the water. The data processing module processes the polarization image information and DNA sample, and sends the processed information to the communication unit, which is connected to the cloud server.

2. The lake ecological monitoring system integrating polarization imaging and environmental DNA collection according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an energy supply module integrated on the monitoring pile, which includes a solar panel and an energy storage battery.

3. The lake ecological monitoring system integrating polarization imaging and environmental DNA collection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polarization imaging device includes a multispectral polarization light source, an underwater polarization camera, an optical window, and an adjustable gimbal. The multispectral polarization light source emits polarized light into the water, and the underwater polarization camera receives the reflected light through an optical window to obtain a polarized image. The adjustable gimbal drives the underwater polarization camera to adjust the shooting angle.

4. The lake ecological monitoring system integrating polarization imaging and environmental DNA collection according to claim 3, characterized in that: The multispectral polarization light source is an LED array light source, and also integrates a linear polarizer to output polarized light of different wavelengths.

5. The lake ecological monitoring system integrating polarization imaging and environmental DNA collection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The environmental DNA acquisition module includes a microfluidic filtration unit, a sampling pump, and a storage chamber. The sampling pump drives water to flow through the microfluidic filtration unit to trap DNA carriers, and the filtered samples are stored in the preservation chamber.

6. The lake ecological monitoring system integrating polarization imaging and environmental DNA acquisition according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data processing module includes an edge computing unit, a local storage unit, and a control unit; The edge computing unit processes polarization images and DNA samples, the local storage unit caches data, and the control unit coordinates the operation of modules within the system.

7. A lake ecological monitoring system integrating polarization imaging and environmental DNA collection according to claim 2, characterized in that: The energy supply module is also connected to a wind power storage unit, which is connected in parallel with the solar panel to charge the energy storage battery.

8. The lake ecological monitoring system integrating polarization imaging and environmental DNA collection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polarization image information is acquired once a day, and the environmental DNA samples are collected once a month.

9. A monitoring pile, characterized in that: It includes a pile body, on which a polarization imaging module, an environmental DNA acquisition module, a data processing module, a communication unit, and an energy supply module of the system as described in any one of claims 1 to 8 are integrated.

10. The monitoring pile according to claim 9, characterized in that: The pile is made of corrosion-resistant material and is anchored to the lake bottom with an anchoring structure at the bottom.

Images