High-strength parallel groove clamp and bolt

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of electric power fittings, and particularly relates to a high-strength parallel groove wire clamp and a bolt; the high-strength parallel groove wire clamp comprises a first clamp body and a second clamp body which are oppositely arranged and cooperated to form a wire clamping channel; and a fastening assembly which is connected with the first clamp body and the second clamp body and is used for providing an initial clamping force; the abnormal temperature rise of the wire is directly converted into an axial clamping force through an integrated radial constraint heat-sensitive driving element, the maximum mechanical holding force is provided at the moment when the wire is most softened and most prone to creep, the ratchet locking function of a retreat-stopping mechanism is matched, the bolt is prevented from retreating when the temperature decreases, the compensation displacement obtained at high temperature is permanently reserved, and the contact pressure attenuation caused by the mismatch of thermal expansion and cold shrinkage coefficients and metal creep of the traditional parallel groove wire clamp is overcome.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of power fittings technology, specifically a high-strength parallel groove clamp and bolt. Background Technology

[0002] In power transmission and distribution networks, parallel groove clamps are widely used non-load-bearing connecting hardware. Their main function is to connect two parallel overhead conductors together. Parallel groove clamps are usually composed of a clamp body and fastening bolts, and are mostly made of aluminum alloy or copper-aluminum composite materials. The principle is that the axial clamping force generated by tightening the bolts makes the groove of the clamp fit tightly with the surface of the conductor, thereby realizing the conduction of current. As power grid construction develops towards ultra-high voltage and large capacity, the load current of transmission lines is increasing day by day, which puts forward extremely high requirements for the electrical performance and mechanical reliability of connecting hardware.

[0003] In existing technologies, both overhead conductors and aluminum alloy clamps are made of soft metal materials. Under the high initial tightening force of the bolts, the aluminum will undergo plastic deformation over time. This microscopic plastic flow causes the original preload of the bolts to gradually decrease, resulting in stress relaxation. Once the clamping force decreases, the contact area between the conductor and the clamp decreases, and the contact resistance increases accordingly. The fastening bolts are usually made of steel, while the clamps and conductors are made of aluminum. The coefficient of thermal expansion of aluminum is much greater than that of steel. When the line is overloaded and heats up or the environment is high, the aluminum expands significantly. Restricted by the steel bolts, it generates huge internal compressive stress, which exacerbates the plastic deformation of the aluminum. When the temperature drops, the aluminum contracts, but because the previous high temperature has already caused irreversible plastic deformation, the bolts cannot shrink and reset accordingly. This leads to tiny gaps or a sharp drop in pressure at the connection, causing loosening and increased contact resistance. The increased resistance and heat further exacerbate the loosening, creating a vicious cycle. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and solve the problem of decreased clamping force due to thermal expansion and contraction and metal creep, this invention proposes a high-strength grooved clamp and bolt.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: a high-strength grooved wire clamp and bolt, comprising:

[0006] A first clamp and a second clamp are arranged opposite to each other and cooperate to form a wire clamping channel;

[0007] A fastening assembly, which connects the first clamp and the second clamp, is used to provide an initial clamping force;

[0008] A thermal compensation assembly is disposed on the force transmission path of the fastening component; the thermal compensation assembly includes a thermally sensitive actuator and a radial constraint structure covering the outer periphery of the thermally sensitive actuator.

[0009] The thermal actuator is configured such that, when it expands in volume due to heat, the radial constraint structure converts the radial expansion of the thermal actuator into an extension displacement along the axial direction of the fastening assembly, thereby applying a compensating load to the first clamp and the second clamp.

[0010] Preferably, the thermal actuator is made of a nickel-titanium-based shape memory alloy material, and the radial constraint structure includes a radial constraint sleeve that tightly covers the outer periphery of the thermal actuator.

[0011] Preferably, the first clamp is an upper clamp, which has a heat conduction component inside. The heat conduction component includes a thermal bridge, which passes through the upper clamp. One end of the thermal bridge extends into the wire groove opened at the upper clamp to form a contact surface with the wire, and the other end is thermally connected to the thermally sensitive drive component. A thermally conductive filling layer is provided at the connection interface. The upper and lower clamps are made of aluminum alloy, and the main bolt is made of steel. A sacrificial anode is embedded on the metal base of the thermal compensation assembly. The sacrificial anode is electrically connected to the upper clamp through a conductive path.

[0012] Preferably, the thermal compensation assembly further includes a rigid encapsulation housing, the thermal drive is housed inside the encapsulation housing, and the thermal compensation assembly also integrates a return spring and an initial limiting pin. The return spring is arranged in parallel with the thermal drive, and the initial limiting pin connects the housing cover and the housing base of the encapsulation housing to lock the thermal drive in a pre-compressed state and is configured to shear and break when the installation torque reaches a preset value to release the thermal drive.

[0013] Preferably, the fastening assembly includes a main bolt, and a locking mechanism is provided between the axial output end of the thermal actuator and the main bolt. The locking mechanism includes a ratchet ring and a cooperating locking pawl. The locking mechanism is configured to allow the main bolt to generate an axial displacement that increases the clamping force and to prevent the main bolt from generating a return displacement that causes the clamping force to decrease.

[0014] Preferably, the fastening assembly further includes a fine-tuning sleeve connecting the thermal compensation assembly and the main bolt. The fine-tuning sleeve has coaxial internal and external threads. The internal thread is threadedly engaged with the main bolt, and the external thread is threadedly engaged with the encapsulation housing. The internal and external threads have different pitches, forming a differential thread adjustment structure.

[0015] Preferably, the inner wall of the encapsulation housing is provided with a thermal buffer cavity surrounding the thermally sensitive drive component, the thermal buffer cavity is filled with a phase change energy storage material, and a zirconia heat insulation pad is provided at the end face contact point between the thermal compensation assembly and the external component.

[0016] Preferably, an overload fuse is provided below the head of the main bolt, and the overload fuse is a shear ring with a stress concentration groove.

[0017] Preferably, the fastening assembly has an adaptive washer with a convex-concave spherical contact pair; the second clamp is a lower clamp, the lower clamp is covered with a protective cover made of polymer material, the side wall of the protective cover is provided with a breather valve lined with a waterproof and breathable membrane and a magnetic foreign object collection groove located at the bottom.

[0018] The present invention also proposes a thermal compensation bolt, including a main bolt and a thermal compensation assembly disposed on the main bolt; the thermal compensation assembly includes a thermally sensitive actuator and a radial constraint structure covering the outer periphery of the thermally sensitive actuator; the thermally sensitive actuator is configured such that, when it expands in volume due to heat, the radial constraint structure restricts the radial expansion of the thermally sensitive actuator, converting the radial expansion of the thermally sensitive actuator into an extension displacement along the axial direction of the main bolt; a backstop mechanism is provided between the axial output end of the thermally sensitive actuator and the main bolt, the backstop mechanism allowing the main bolt to generate an axial displacement that increases the clamping force and preventing the main bolt from generating a return displacement.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0020] 1. The high-strength parallel groove clamp and bolt of the present invention, by integrating a radially constrained thermally sensitive driving component, directly converts the abnormal temperature rise of the conductor into axial clamping force, providing the maximum mechanical gripping force at the high temperature when the conductor is softest and most prone to creep. Combined with the ratchet locking function of the anti-retraction mechanism, it prevents the bolt from retracting when the temperature decreases, permanently retaining the compensation displacement obtained at high temperature. The dynamic adjustment mechanism of only tightening and never loosening overcomes the contact pressure attenuation caused by the mismatch of thermal expansion and contraction coefficients and metal creep in traditional parallel groove clamps, reduces contact resistance, and thus prevents thermal runaway failure.

[0021] 2. The high-strength parallel grooved wire clamp and bolt of the present invention establishes a low thermal resistance channel from the wire to the drive core through the design of thermal bridge components and thermally conductive filling layer, solving the problem of response lag of thermally sensitive drive components. In conjunction with the phase change material in the thermal buffer chamber, it filters out the interference of ambient temperature fluctuations (such as sunlight and gusts of wind), ensuring the accuracy of compensation action. Combined with the air pressure balance of the breather valve, the electrochemical corrosion protection of the sacrificial anode, and the self-cleaning design of the foreign matter collection tank, the device can adapt to harsh working conditions of high salt spray and high humidity, thereby extending the service life and maintenance cycle of the wire clamp. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the surface structure of the main bolt of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the initial limiting pin structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the internal structure of the thermal compensation assembly of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the thermal compensation assembly of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a top view of the anti-reverse mechanism of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the thermal bridge component and the upper clamp of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view showing the connection relationship between the thermal bridge component and the packaging housing of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the overload fuse structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the surface structure of the protective cover of the present invention.

[0034] In the picture:

[0035] 100. Upper clamp; 110. Lower clamp; 120. Wire groove; 200. Fastening assembly; 210. Main bolt; 220. Adaptive washer; 230. Locking nut; 240. Overload fuse; 250. Fine-tuning sleeve; 300. Thermal compensation assembly; 310. Encapsulation housing; 311. Housing top cover; 312. Housing base; 320. Thermosensitive actuator; 330. Radial constraint sleeve; 340. Return spring; 350. Initial limit pin; 400. Heat conduction assembly; 410. Thermal bridge; 420. Thermally conductive filling layer; 430. Heat insulation pad; 440. Thermal buffer chamber; 500. Anti-reverse mechanism; 510. Ratchet ring; 520. Locking pawl; 600. Protective cover; 610. Breathing valve; 620. Sacrificial anode; 630. Foreign object collection tank. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0037] In this embodiment, the "first clamp" mentioned in the claims is specifically embodied in the upper clamp 100, and the "second clamp" is specifically embodied in the lower clamp 110; the "fastening assembly 200" is specifically embodied in the combined structure composed of the main bolt 210, the locking nut 230, and related accessories; the "thermal drive component 320" is specifically embodied in the thermal drive component 320 made of shape memory alloy; the "radial constraint structure" is specifically embodied in the combined structure composed of the encapsulation shell 310 and the radial constraint sleeve 330; as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the assembly consisting of the main bolt 210, the thermal compensation assembly 300, the anti-reverse mechanism 500, and the fine-tuning sleeve 250 forms an independent product unit in function, which is defined as a "thermal compensation bolt" in this specification. This thermal compensation bolt can be manufactured and sold independently as a standard part. It can be used in conjunction with the parallel groove clamp described in this embodiment, or in other mechanical connection applications that require compensation for tightening force due to thermal expansion.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment discloses a high-strength parallel grooved wire clamp and bolt, including an upper wire clamp 100, a lower wire clamp 110, a fastening assembly 200, a thermal compensation assembly 300, a heat conduction assembly 400, a backstop mechanism 500, and a protective cover 600. The fastening assembly 200 passes through the upper wire clamp 100 and the lower wire clamp 110 and is used to apply an initial clamping force. The thermal compensation assembly 300 is coaxially connected in series on the force transmission path of the fastening assembly 200. The heat conduction assembly 400 is disposed inside the upper wire clamp 100. The backstop mechanism 500 is disposed between the axial output end of the thermally sensitive drive 320 and the fastening assembly 200. The protective cover 600 covers the outside of the lower wire clamp 110.

[0039] Furthermore, during the use of existing parallel groove clamps, aluminum undergoes plastic deformation over time. This microscopic plastic flow causes the preload of the bolts to gradually decrease, resulting in stress relaxation. The contact area between the conductor and the clamp decreases, and the contact resistance increases accordingly. When the line is overloaded and overheats or the environment is hot, the aluminum expands significantly. Restricted by the steel bolts, this generates enormous internal compressive stress, exacerbating the plastic deformation of the aluminum. When the temperature drops, the aluminum contracts, and the bolts cannot contract and reset accordingly, leading to tiny gaps or a sharp drop in pressure at the connection. Loosening increases the contact resistance, and the increased resistance and heat further exacerbate the loosening, creating a vicious cycle.

[0040] During use, the wire is first placed in the wire groove 120, and then the main bolt 210 is passed through the upper clamp 100 and the lower clamp 110. During this stage, the operator can make precise adjustments by rotating the fine-tuning sleeve 250. Utilizing the pitch difference between the internal and external threads of the fine-tuning sleeve 250, assembly gaps are eliminated before tightening. After adjustment, the fine-tuning sleeve 250 serves as the mechanical output end of the thermal compensation assembly 300. Then, the operator tightens the locking nut 230. When the torque reaches the predetermined value, the initial limit pin 350 is sheared, and the thermally sensitive drive component 320 releases the pre-compression lock. In the case of a conductor experiencing a temperature rise due to current overload, the thermal compensation bolt, as an independent component, operates as follows: heat is transferred through the thermal bridge 410 across the wire clamp wall thickness (or, in other applications, directly through the thermal conduction contact surface to the heated end of the thermally sensitive actuator 320), directly from the conductor surface to the thermally sensitive actuator 320. The thermally sensitive actuator 320 undergoes a phase change expansion upon heating. Due to the radial constraint sleeve 330 restricting its radial degree of freedom, its volume expansion is forcibly converted into axial thrust. This axial thrust acts directly on the end face of the fine-tuning sleeve 250, pushing the fine-tuning sleeve 250... The 50 moves axially. Since the fine-tuning sleeve 250 and the main bolt 210 are connected by threads, the fine-tuning sleeve 250 drives the main bolt 210 to generate axial displacement, forcing the upper clamp 100 and the lower clamp 110 to be further pressed together. This counteracts the attenuation of contact pressure caused by the softening of the conductor at high temperature and metal creep, achieving an active compensation effect where the gripping force is tighter as the temperature rises. During this process, the phase change material in the heat buffer chamber 440 filters out environmental heat interference, ensuring that the system only responds to the temperature rise of the line fault. When the line load decreases or the ambient temperature drops, the thermally sensitive actuator 320 tends to contract, at which point the anti-reverse mechanism... In the structure 500, the locking pawl 520 engages with the ratchet ring 510, using the one-way locking principle to prevent the main bolt 210 from retracting, thus permanently retaining the extra feed gained during the high-temperature stage. This effectively prevents the traditional clamp from loosening due to cold contraction caused by the breathing effect. If an extreme overload occurs, causing the internal expansion force to exceed the conductor's withstand limit, the overload fuse 240 will preferentially shear off to relieve the force, protecting the conductor from being crushed. At the same time, the sacrificial anode 620 will preferentially corrode in a humid environment through electrochemical action. Combined with the air pressure balancing effect of the breather valve 610, this ensures that the core components do not rust or fail throughout their entire life cycle.

[0041] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the upper clamp 100 and the lower clamp 110, as specific forms of the first and second clamps, are both made of high-strength aluminum alloy and are arranged opposite to each other. Their inner surfaces together define the wire groove 120. The surface of the wire groove 120 is designed with a non-uniformly distributed micro-tooth structure to pierce the oxide layer on the surface of the wire and provide mechanical gripping force. The fastening component 200 passes through the reserved holes of the upper clamp 100 and the lower clamp 110 and clamps and fixes the wire by applying a pre-tightening force.

[0042] like Figure 2 As shown, the core of the fastening assembly 200 includes a main bolt 210 and a locking nut 230. The main bolt 210 is preferably made of high-strength alloy steel. In order to eliminate the angular error of the mounting surface, an adaptive washer 220 is fitted between the head of the main bolt 210 and the upper surface of the thermal compensation assembly 300. This washer has a convex-concave spherical contact pair, which allows the bolt to automatically self-align within a small angle and avoids the generation of additional bending moment.

[0043] like Figure 10 As shown, at the critical nodes of the force transmission path, an overload fuse 240 is connected in series. The overload fuse 240 is designed as a shear ring structure with a specific groove depth below the head of the main bolt 210. When the system generates an abnormally large axial force due to thermal expansion, the overload fuse 240 will break first to relieve the force and prevent the conductor body from being crushed and deformed.

[0044] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the thermal compensation assembly 300 is coaxially sleeved on the main bolt 210, located between the upper clamp 100 and the adaptive washer 220, serving as an active pressure boosting gasket. This assembly includes a rigid encapsulation housing 310, which forms part of the radial constraint structure. It is formed by a threaded seal between a housing cover 311 and a housing base 312, and is made of stainless steel. Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, a core thermal actuator 320 is provided in the internal cavity of the encapsulation housing 310. The thermal actuator 320 is made of nickel-titanium-based shape memory alloy material. In order to improve the response speed and reduce the phase transition hysteresis, the thermal actuator 320 is not a whole block, but an array structure composed of multiple annular SMA sheets stacked along the axis, and a molybdenum disulfide or graphite anti-friction layer is coated between adjacent layers.

[0045] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, in order to ensure that the volume expansion of the thermal drive 320 can be converted into effective axial thrust, a radial constraint sleeve 330 is tightly wrapped around the outer periphery of the thermal drive 320. The constraint sleeve is made of high-modulus maraging steel or carbon fiber wound composite material, and its stiffness is much greater than that of the thermal drive 320. The radial constraint sleeve 330 and the encapsulation shell 310 together constitute the radial constraint structure in this embodiment. When the thermal drive 320 attempts to expand in volume due to heat, the radial constraint sleeve 330 forcibly restricts its radial expansion, forcing the lattice deformation of the material to occur only along the axial direction, thereby driving the main bolt 210 to produce micro-displacement.

[0046] like Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the encapsulation housing 310 is also equipped with a reset spring 340, which is used to assist the thermal actuator 320 in restoring its initial shape at low temperatures. In the factory state, the housing cover 311 and the housing base 312 are connected by an initial limit pin 350, which locks the internal thermal actuator 320 in a pre-compressed state. When the construction personnel tighten the locking nut 230 until the torque reaches the installation standard, the initial limit pin 350 is sheared by the force, and the thermal actuator 320 is released instantly and presses against the main bolt 210, entering the working standby state.

[0047] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, a locking mechanism 500 is integrated between the output end of the thermal actuator 320 and the main bolt 210. This mechanism includes a ratchet ring 510 fixed on the moving part and a locking pawl 520 hinged on the stationary part. When the thermal actuator 320 is heated and expands, the ratchet ring 510 rotates along the teeth or slides axially. When the temperature decreases and the thermal actuator 320 contracts, the locking pawl 520 engages with the tooth groove of the ratchet ring 510 to prevent the bolt from retracting, thereby permanently retaining part of the feed amount generated by thermal expansion and achieving unidirectional compensation that only tightens and never loosens.

[0048] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the fastening assembly 200 also includes a fine-tuning sleeve 250 connecting the thermal compensation assembly 300 and the main bolt 210. The fine-tuning sleeve 250 has coaxial internal and external threads. The internal thread is threaded to the main bolt 210, and the external thread is threaded to the housing 310. The internal and external threads have different pitches (e.g., the internal thread pitch is 1.5 mm and the external thread pitch is 1.25 mm), forming a differential thread adjustment structure. Rotating the fine-tuning sleeve 250 once produces only a small amount of axial relative displacement, thereby achieving micron-level precision adjustment of the initial preload. The fine-tuning sleeve 250 can receive the expansion thrust from the thermal drive 320 and transmit the thrust to the main bolt 210 through thread engagement.

[0049] like Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the thermal bridge component 410 is an L-shaped copper insert. One end of it penetrates the aluminum wall of the upper wire clamp 100 and is directly exposed in the wire groove 120, making direct physical contact with the wire surface. The other end passes through the encapsulation housing 310 and reaches the bottom of the thermal drive component 320. A flexible graphite thermally conductive filler layer 420 is filled at the contact interface to eliminate microscopic air gaps.

[0050] like Figure 3 and Figure 6As shown, the contact surface between the thermal compensation assembly 300 and the external metal parts is covered with a zirconia ceramic heat insulation pad 430. The gap between the inner wall of the encapsulation housing 310 and the thermal actuator 320 forms a thermal buffer cavity 440, which is filled with phase change paraffin material. When the ambient temperature fluctuates drastically due to sunlight or gusts of wind, the phase change material absorbs or releases heat using latent heat, ensuring that the thermal actuator 320 only responds to the temperature rise caused by long-term overload of the wires, thus avoiding malfunction.

[0051] like Figure 2 and Figure 11 As shown, the entire lower clamp 110 is covered with a protective cover 600 made of polyetheretherketone (PEEK). The side wall of the cover is equipped with a breathing valve 610 and lined with an ePTFE waterproof and breathable membrane to balance the air pressure inside and outside the cavity and block liquid water. The bottom of the cover has a foreign matter collection groove 630 with a strong magnet embedded in the bottom to attract metal debris generated by the wear of the ratchet mechanism.

[0052] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, a zinc-based alloy sacrificial anode 620 is embedded in the edge of the metal base of the thermal compensation assembly 300. The sacrificial anode 620 is electrically connected to the aluminum upper clamp 100 and the steel main bolt 210 through wires. It preferentially corrodes in a humid environment, thereby protecting the critical load-bearing components and precision drive mechanism.

[0053] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the present invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-strength parallel groove wire clamp, characterized in that, Including: A first clamp and a second clamp are arranged opposite to each other and cooperate to form a wire clamping channel; A fastening assembly (200) connecting the first clamp and the second clamp is used to provide an initial clamping force; A thermal compensation assembly (300) is disposed on the force transmission path of the fastening assembly (200), the thermal compensation assembly (300) includes a thermal actuator (320) and a radial constraint structure covering the outer periphery of the thermal actuator; The thermal actuator (320) is made of nickel-titanium-based shape memory alloy material, and the radial constraint structure includes a radial constraint sleeve (330) that tightly covers the outer periphery of the thermal actuator. The first clamp is an upper clamp (100), which is provided with a heat conduction component (400) inside. The heat conduction component (400) includes a thermal bridge component (410). The thermal bridge component (410) passes through the upper clamp (100), with one end extending into the wire groove (120) opened at the upper clamp (100) to form a contact surface with the wire. The other end is thermally connected to the thermally sensitive drive component (320), and a thermally conductive filling layer (420) is provided at the connection interface. The upper clamp (100) and the lower clamp (110) are made of aluminum alloy, and the main bolt (210) is made of steel. A sacrificial anode (620) is embedded on the metal base of the thermal compensation assembly (300). The sacrificial anode (620) is electrically connected to the upper clamp (100) through a conductive path. The thermal compensation assembly (300) also includes a rigid encapsulation housing (310), the thermal actuator (320) is housed inside the encapsulation housing, and the thermal compensation assembly (300) also integrates a return spring (340) and an initial limiting pin (350). The return spring (340) is arranged in parallel with the thermal actuator (320), and the initial limiting pin (350) connects the housing cover (311) of the encapsulation housing (310) and the housing base (312) to lock the thermal actuator (320) in a pre-compressed state and is configured to shear and break when the installation torque reaches a preset value to release the thermal actuator (320). The fastening assembly (200) includes a main bolt (210), and a locking mechanism (500) is provided between the axial output end of the thermal actuator (320) and the main bolt (210). The locking mechanism (500) includes a ratchet ring (510) and a cooperating locking pawl (520). The locking mechanism (500) is configured to allow the main bolt (210) to generate an axial displacement that increases the clamping force and to prevent the main bolt (210) from generating a return displacement that causes the clamping force to decrease. The thermal actuator is configured such that, when it expands in volume due to heat, the radial constraint structure converts the radial expansion of the thermal actuator into an extension displacement along the axial direction of the fastening assembly, thereby applying a compensating load to the first clamp and the second clamp.

2. The high-strength parallel groove clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fastening assembly (200) also includes a fine-tuning sleeve (250) connecting the thermal compensation assembly (300) and the main bolt (210). The fine-tuning sleeve (250) is provided with coaxial internal and external threads. The internal thread is threadedly engaged with the main bolt (210), and the external thread is threadedly engaged with the encapsulation housing (310). The internal and external threads have different pitches, forming a differential thread adjustment structure.

3. The high-strength parallel groove clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the encapsulation housing (310) is provided with a thermal buffer cavity (440) surrounding the thermal drive component (320), which is filled with phase change energy storage material. A zirconia heat insulation pad (430) is provided at the end face contact point between the thermal compensation assembly (300) and the external component.

4. The high-strength parallel groove clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main bolt (210) is provided with an overload fuse (240) below the head, and the overload fuse (240) is a shear ring with a stress concentration groove.

5. The high-strength parallel groove clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fastening assembly (200) has an adaptive washer (220) with a convex-concave spherical contact pair; the second clamp is a lower clamp (110), which is covered with a protective cover (600) made of polymer material. The protective cover (600) has a breather valve (610) with a waterproof and breathable membrane lining on its side wall and a magnetic foreign object collection groove (630) at the bottom.

6. A thermal compensation bolt for a parallel groove clamp, applied to the high-strength parallel groove clamp as described in claim 1, characterized in that, include: Main bolt (210); And a thermal compensation assembly (300) disposed on the main bolt (210); the thermal compensation assembly (300) includes a thermal actuator (320) and a radial constraint structure covering the outer periphery of the thermal actuator; The thermal actuator (320) is configured such that, when it expands in volume due to heat, the radial expansion of the thermal actuator is converted into an axial extension displacement along the main bolt (210) by the constraint of the radial constraint structure; a backstop mechanism (500) is provided between the axial output end of the thermal actuator (320) and the main bolt (210), the backstop mechanism (500) being configured to allow the main bolt (210) to generate an axial displacement that increases the clamping force and to prevent the main bolt (210) from generating a recovery displacement that causes the clamping force to decrease.

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