Vaginal speculum for gynaecology and obstetrics examination
By designing a rocker and spring mechanism, the size of the viewing port of the speculum used in obstetric and gynecological examinations can be adjusted with one hand, solving the problem of inconvenience in two-handed operation in the existing technology and improving the efficiency of operation.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- AFFILIATED HOSPITAL OF ZUNYI UNIV
- Filing Date
- 2024-03-20
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-28
AI Technical Summary
Existing stainless steel speculum for examination requires two hands to operate when adjusting the size of the viewing port, which is quite cumbersome.
A speculum for obstetric and gynecological examinations was designed. The size of the viewing port can be adjusted by one hand through a rocker and spring mechanism. The viewing port adjustment handle and the lower leaf handle are locked by the rocker's lifting and resetting. The stability is improved by the locking mechanism and anti-slip texture.
It enables one-handed adjustment of the rear viewport size, significantly improving operational efficiency and simplifying the operation process.
Smart Images
Figure CN121926537A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of medical device technology, and in particular relates to a speculum for obstetric and gynecological examination. Background Technology
[0002] A speculum, also known as a vaginal speculum, is commonly used in obstetric and gynecological clinical examinations. It is used to open the labia majora and minora and the vagina, exposing the vagina and cervix to facilitate sampling and examination. Common types of speculum include disposable plastic speculum and reusable stainless steel speculum; stainless steel speculum can be further divided into examination-type stainless steel speculum and surgical-type stainless steel speculum.
[0003] The opening width and rear viewing port size of existing stainless steel speculum for examination are adjustable, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it consists of an upper leaf, a lower leaf, an upper leaf handle, a lower leaf handle, a viewport adjustment handle, screws, nuts, and a rotating shaft. The upper leaf handle is fixedly connected to the upper leaf, the lower leaf handle is fixedly connected to the lower leaf, the viewport adjustment handle is slidably connected to the lower leaf handle, and the top of the upper leaf is rotatably connected to the viewport adjustment handle. Screws are installed between the upper leaf handle and the viewport adjustment handle, and nuts are installed on each screw. Pressing the upper leaf handle controls the opening between the upper and lower leaves to adjust the opening width, which is then fixed by the nut. Pushing the viewport adjustment handle adjusts the size of the rear viewport, and the nut fixes the viewport adjustment handle to the lower leaf handle to fix the rear viewport size.
[0004] When adjusting the size of the rear viewing port of the existing stainless steel speculum, it is necessary to first loosen the nut on the screw between the lower blade handle and the viewing port adjustment handle, push the viewing port adjustment handle to adjust the size of the rear viewing port, and then tighten the nut again. During the adjustment of the size of the rear viewing port, the medical staff needs to hold the speculum with one hand and use the fingers of that hand to push the viewing port adjustment handle, while tightening the nut with the other hand. It requires the cooperation of both hands to complete the adjustment of the size of the viewing port, which is quite cumbersome. Summary of the Invention
[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a speculum for obstetric and gynecological examination. When adjusting the size of the rear viewing port during use, the speculum can be adjusted with only one hand, and the viewing port adjustment frame and the lower leaf handle are fixed to lock the size of the rear viewing port, which significantly improves the operating efficiency.
[0006] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution:
[0007] A speculum for obstetric and gynecological examination includes a speculum body, which includes a lower leaf handle and a viewing port adjustment handle. The viewing port adjustment handle is slidably connected to the lower leaf handle and can move left and right on the lower leaf handle. A rocker plate is provided on the top surface of the right end of the viewing port adjustment handle. The middle part of the rocker plate is hinged to the viewing port adjustment handle. The rocker plate is inclined with the left side lower and the right side higher. A sliding groove is provided on the high end of the rocker plate. A movable rod is inserted in the sliding groove. The bottom end of the movable rod is hinged to the top surface of the viewing port adjustment handle and can rotate left and right in the sliding groove.
[0008] A spring is fitted onto the movable lever, located between the upper leaf handle and the rocker arm. The top of the spring abuts against the rocker arm. Initially, the spring is compressed, and the lower end of the rocker arm presses against the lower leaf handle. The friction between the rocker arm and the lower leaf handle keeps the viewing port adjustment handle fixed to the lower leaf handle. Without external force, the viewing port adjustment handle will not move left or right on the lower leaf handle, thus maintaining the size of the rear viewport. When a medical staff member holds the lower leaf handle with one hand and presses the higher end of the rocker arm with their fingers, the rocker arm further compresses the spring, causing the lower end of the rocker arm to lift up and detach from the lower leaf handle. As the medical staff member presses the higher end of the rocker arm with their fingers, they can push the viewing port adjustment handle to move left or right on the lower leaf handle, thereby adjusting the size of the rear viewport.
[0009] Furthermore, a locking mechanism is provided between the lower end of the rocker and the lower leaf handle to improve the stability of the connection point between the two; when the rocker is used to lock the viewport adjustment handle and the lower leaf handle together, the locking mechanism can prevent the viewport adjustment handle from moving in the left and right direction on the lower leaf handle, which helps to maintain the size of the rear viewport.
[0010] Furthermore, the engagement mechanism includes a first rack plate fixed to the lower leaf handle, with teeth on the top surface of the first rack plate arranged in the left-right direction; the lower end of the rocker is provided with protruding teeth for engaging with the first rack plate.
[0011] Initially, the protruding teeth at the lower end of the rocker engage with the first rack plate. When the high-end spring of the rocker is pressed, the lower end of the rocker lifts up, and the protruding teeth at the lower end disengage from the first rack plate. Medical personnel can then use one hand to push the viewing port adjustment handle along the left and right direction on the lower leaf handle to adjust the size of the rear viewing port. Once the viewing port adjustment handle is in place, releasing the pressure on the rocker causes it to rotate under the spring's rebound force. The protruding teeth at the lower end of the rocker re-engage with the first rack plate, thus firmly connecting the lower end of the rocker to the lower leaf handle, thereby locking the viewing port adjustment handle and the lower leaf handle together. If the protruding teeth at the lower end of the rocker abut against the teeth of the first rack plate, the viewing port adjustment handle can be slightly pushed to ensure that the protruding teeth at the lower end of the rocker engage with the first rack plate.
[0012] Furthermore, a second rack plate is fixed at the lower end of the rocker for meshing with the first rack plate, replacing the convex teeth; specifically, the bottom surface of the second rack plate has multiple teeth arranged in the left-right direction. By meshing the second rack plate with the first rack plate, the length of the meshing section can be increased, thereby improving the stability of the connection point between the lower end of the rocker and the lower leaf handle.
[0013] Furthermore, the top surface of the rocker is provided with anti-slip texture. When medical staff press the top surface of the rocker with their fingers, the anti-slip texture has an anti-slip effect and can increase friction.
[0014] Furthermore, a limiting collar is fixed on the movable rod, and a movable collar is slidably fitted on it. The movable collar can move axially along the movable collar on the movable rod. The spring is located between the movable collar and the limiting collar, and the movable collar is located between the rocker and the spring. When the rocker is pressed, the rocker pushes the movable collar, causing the movable collar to move on the movable rod. The movable collar moves towards the limiting collar and compresses the spring. When the spring rebounds, the spring pushes the movable collar to move on the movable rod. Setting a movable collar and a limiting collar on the movable rod can improve the smoothness and stability of the spring's extension and contraction process.
[0015] Furthermore, the rocker arm is hinged to the viewport adjustment handle via a detachable hinge shaft; after removing the hinge shaft, the rocker arm and the viewport adjustment handle can be separated, making it easy to replace the spring when it wears out.
[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0017] During obstetric and gynecological clinical examinations, this speculum is used to open the labia majora and minora and the vagina, exposing the vagina and cervix to facilitate vaginal sampling and examination. In its initial state, the speculum's spring is compressed, and the lower end of the rocker arm presses against the lower leaf handle. The friction between the rocker arm and the lower leaf handle keeps the viewing port adjustment handle fixed to the lower leaf handle, preventing it from moving laterally without external force. This maintains the size of the viewing port. When a medical professional holds the lower leaf handle with one hand and presses the higher end of the rocker arm with their fingers, the rocker arm... Further compressing the spring causes the lower end of the rocker to lift up and detach from the lower leaf handle. While the medical staff presses the upper end of the rocker with their fingers, they can push the viewing port adjustment handle to move left and right on the lower leaf handle, thereby adjusting the size of the posterior viewing port. When adjusting the size of the posterior viewing port during use, the medical staff only needs to operate with one hand to control the relative movement between the viewing port adjustment handle and the lower leaf handle to adjust the size of the posterior viewing port. Releasing the thumb quickly locks the viewing port adjustment handle and the lower leaf handle together, locking the size of the posterior viewing port, significantly improving the efficiency of adjusting the size of the posterior viewing port. Attached Figure Description
[0018] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the front view structure of an existing speculum.
[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention.
[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rear view structure of the present invention.
[0021] Figure 4 This is a top view of the structure of the present invention.
[0022] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the AA direction.
[0023] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure when the upper and middle lobes and the lower lobe are closed.
[0024] Figure 7 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the mechanism for opening the locking mechanism by pressing the rocker arm.
[0025] Figure 8 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure after adjusting the viewport.
[0026] Figure 9 for Figure 5 Enlarged schematic diagram of the local structure at point B.
[0027] Figure 10 for Figure 7 A magnified schematic diagram of the local structure at point C.
[0028] The components in the diagram are named as follows: 1. Upper leaf 2. Lower leaf 3. Upper leaf handle 4. Lower leaf handle 5. Viewport adjustment handle 6. Screw 7. Nut 8. Rocker 9. Movable rod 10. Spring 11. Engaging mechanism 11.1. First rack plate 11.2. Second rack plate 12. Anti-slip texture 13. Movable collar 14. Limiting collar 15. Slide groove. Detailed Implementation
[0029] A speculum for gynecological examination, such as Figures 2 to 10 As shown, the speculum includes a speculum body, which includes an upper blade 1, a lower blade 2, an upper blade handle 3, a lower blade handle 4, a viewing port adjustment handle 5, a screw 6, and a nut 7.
[0030] The upper leaf handle 3 is fixedly connected to the upper leaf 1, and the lower leaf handle 4 is fixedly connected to the lower leaf 2; the viewing port adjustment handle 5 is slidably connected to the lower leaf handle 4, and the viewing port adjustment handle 5 can move left and right on the lower leaf handle 4. Specifically, the left end of the viewing port adjustment handle 5 has a U-shaped groove with an opening facing left, the lower leaf handle 4 has a U-shaped cross-section, and both the front and rear side walls of the left end of the lower leaf handle 4 are provided with flanges. The front inner wall and the rear inner wall of the U-shaped groove at the left end of the viewing port adjustment handle 5 are provided with two clamping plates spaced apart in the vertical direction, so that the flange is slidably set between the two clamping plates, thereby realizing the sliding connection between the viewing port adjustment handle 5 and the lower leaf handle 4; The top of leaf 1 is located inside the U-shaped groove at the left end of the viewport adjustment handle 5, and the top of upper leaf 1 is rotatably connected to the left end of viewport adjustment handle 5; the bottom end of screw 6 is rotatably connected to viewport adjustment handle 5, and a sliding groove is provided on upper leaf handle 3. Screw 6 is inserted into the sliding groove and can rotate left and right in the sliding groove. Nut 7 is installed on screw 6 and is located on the upper side of upper leaf handle 3; upper leaf handle 3 can drive upper leaf 1 to rotate. By pressing upper leaf handle 3, the opening between upper leaf 1 and lower leaf 2 can be controlled to adjust the opening width, and the opening width is fixed by nut 7; by pushing viewport adjustment handle 5, the size of the rear viewport can be adjusted.
[0031] A rocker plate 8 is provided on the top right end of the viewport adjustment handle 5. The middle part of the rocker plate 8 is hinged to the viewport adjustment handle 5. The rocker plate 8 is inclined with the left side lower and the right side higher. A slide groove 15 is provided at the high end of the rocker plate 8. A movable rod 9 is inserted in the slide groove 15. The bottom end of the movable rod 9 is hinged to the top surface of the viewport adjustment handle 5. The movable rod 9 can rotate in the left and right directions in the slide groove 15.
[0032] A spring 10 is fitted on the movable lever 9. The spring 10 is located between the upper leaf handle 3 and the rocker 8. The top of the spring 10 abuts against the rocker 8. In the initial state, the spring 10 is in a compressed state and the bottom of the rocker 8 abuts against the lower leaf handle 4.
[0033] A first rack plate 11.1 is fixed on the lower leaf handle 4, and the teeth on the top surface of the first rack plate 11.1 are arranged in the left and right direction. The lower end of the rocker 8 is provided with a protruding tooth for engaging with the first rack plate 11.1. In the initial state, the spring 10 is in a compressed state and the protruding tooth at the lower end of the rocker 8 engages with the first rack plate 11.1. The protruding tooth at the bottom end of the rocker 8 and the first rack plate 11.1 on the lower leaf handle 4 form a locking mechanism 11, which can improve the stability of the connection point between the lower end of the rocker 8 and the lower leaf handle 4. When the viewport adjustment handle 5 and the lower leaf handle 4 are locked together by the rocker 8, the locking mechanism 11 can prevent the viewport adjustment handle 5 from moving in the left and right direction on the lower leaf handle 4, which is conducive to maintaining the size of the rear viewport.
[0034] Preferably, in this embodiment, such as Figures 9 to 10As shown, the lower end of the rocker 8 is fixed with a second rack plate 11.2 for meshing with the first rack plate 11.1, replacing the protruding teeth. Specifically, the bottom surface of the second rack plate 11.2 has multiple teeth arranged in the left-right direction. By meshing the second rack plate 11.2 with the first rack plate 11.1, the length of the meshing section can be increased, thereby improving the stability of the connection point between the lower end of the rocker 8 and the lower leaf handle 4. In addition, several insertion holes for up-down observation can be opened on the lower leaf handle 4 at intervals in the left-right direction to replace the first rack plate 11.1. A pin is set at the lower end of the rocker 8 to replace the second rack plate 11.2. The pin at the lower end of the rocker 8 can be inserted into the insertion holes at different positions to lock the lower end of the rocker 8 and the lower leaf handle 4 together. However, the cooperation between the second rack plate 11.2 and the first rack plate 11.1 is more stable and easier to operate.
[0035] Preferably, in this embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, the top surface of the rocker 8 is provided with anti-slip texture 12. When medical staff press the top surface of the rocker 8 with their fingers, the anti-slip texture 12 has an anti-slip effect and can increase friction. In addition, the anti-slip texture 12 can also be a knurled pattern.
[0036] Preferably, in this embodiment, such as Figures 9 to 10 As shown, a limiting collar 14 is fixed on the movable rod 9, and a movable collar 13 is slidably fitted on it. The movable collar 13 can move along the axial direction of the movable collar 13 on the movable rod 9. The spring 10 is located between the movable collar 13 and the limiting collar 14, and the movable collar 13 is located between the rocker plate 8 and the spring 10. When the rocker plate 8 is pressed, the rocker plate 8 pushes the movable collar 13, causing the movable collar 13 to move on the movable rod 9. The movable collar 13 moves towards the limiting collar 14 and compresses the spring 10. When the spring 10 rebounds, the spring 10 pushes the movable collar 13 to move on the movable rod 9. Setting the movable collar 13 and the limiting collar 14 on the movable rod 9 can improve the smoothness and stability of the extension and retraction process of the spring 10.
[0037] Preferably, in this embodiment, the rocker 8 is hinged to the viewport adjustment handle 5 via a detachable hinge shaft; after disassembling the hinge shaft, the rocker 8 and the viewport adjustment handle 5 can be separated, making it easy to replace the spring 10 when it wears out; specifically, a hinge plate is fixed to the middle of the rocker 8, and two perforated plates spaced apart in the front-rear direction are fixed to the top surface of the viewport adjustment handle 5. The perforated plates on the rocker 8 are located between the two perforated plates on the viewport adjustment handle 5, and the hinge shaft is inserted between the three perforated plates. The hinge shaft can be a bolt and nut assembly for easy disassembly and assembly.
[0038] The working principle and technical effects of this embodiment are as follows:
[0039] When using this speculum to perform clinical examinations on women, in the initial state, the spring 10 of the speculum is in a compressed state and the second rack plate 11.2 at the lower end of the rocker plate 8 is engaged with the first rack plate 11.1 to ensure that the viewing port adjustment handle 5 and the lower leaf handle 4 are locked together. When in use, the medical staff holds the lower leaf handle 4 with one hand and can control the opening or closing between the upper leaf 1 and the lower leaf 2 by rotating the upper leaf handle 3 to adjust the opening width, and can lock the opening width by the nut 7.
[0040] When adjusting the size of the rearview mirror, the medical staff holds the lower leaf handle 4 and presses the high end of the rocker plate 8 with their thumb. The spring 10 is further compressed, and the low end of the rocker plate 8 tilts up. The second toothed plate 11.2 at the low end of the rocker plate 8 disengages from the first toothed plate 11.1. Figure 7 As shown, simultaneously, the thumb of the hand pushes the rocker 8, causing the viewport adjustment handle 5 to move left and right on the lower leaf handle 4, thereby adjusting the size of the rear viewport. When the size of the rear viewport is adjusted to the correct position, the thumb pressing the high end of the rocker 8 is released. Under the rebound force of the spring 10, the rocker 8 rotates, and the second rack plate 11.2 at the lower end of the rocker 8 re-engages with the first rack plate 11.1, thereby firmly connecting the lower end of the rocker 8 to the lower leaf handle 4, thus locking the viewport adjustment handle 5 and the lower leaf handle 4 together. Figure 8 As shown;
[0041] When adjusting the size of the rear viewport during use, medical personnel can control the relative movement between the viewport adjustment handle 5 and the lower leaf handle 4 with just one hand. After releasing the thumb, the viewport adjustment handle 5 and the lower leaf handle 4 can be quickly locked together to lock the size of the rear viewport, which can significantly improve the efficiency of the rear viewport size adjustment operation.
Claims
1. A speculum for obstetric and gynecological examination, comprising a speculum body, the speculum body including a lower leaf handle (4) and a viewing port adjustment handle (5), the viewing port adjustment handle (5) being slidably connected to the lower leaf handle (4), and the viewing port adjustment handle (5) being movable in the left-right direction on the lower leaf handle (4), characterized in that: A rocker plate (8) is provided on the top right end of the viewport adjustment handle (5). The middle part of the rocker plate (8) is hinged to the viewport adjustment handle (5). The rocker plate (8) is inclined with the left side lower and the right side higher. A slide groove (15) is provided at the high end of the rocker plate (8). A movable rod (9) is inserted in the slide groove (15). The bottom end of the movable rod (9) is hinged to the top surface of the viewport adjustment handle (5). The movable rod (9) can rotate in the left and right directions in the slide groove (15). A spring (10) is fitted on the movable rod (9). The spring (10) is located between the upper leaf handle (3) and the rocker (8). The top of the spring (10) abuts against the rocker (8). In the initial state, the spring (10) is in a compressed state and the lower end of the rocker (8) abuts against the lower leaf handle (4).
2. The speculum for obstetric and gynecological examination according to claim 1, characterized in that: A locking mechanism (11) is provided between the lower end of the rocker (8) and the lower leaf handle (4) to improve the stability of the connection point between the two.
3. The speculum for obstetric and gynecological examination according to claim 2, characterized in that: The engaging mechanism (11) includes a first rack plate (11.1) fixed on the lower leaf handle (4), with teeth on the top surface of the first rack plate (11.1) arranged in the left-right direction; the lower end of the rocker (8) is provided with convex teeth for engaging with the first rack plate (11.1).
4. The speculum for obstetric and gynecological examination according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lower end of the rocker (8) is fixed with a second rack plate (11.2) for meshing with the first rack plate (11.1).
5. The speculum for obstetric and gynecological examination according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top surface of the rocker (8) is provided with anti-slip texture (12).
6. The speculum for obstetric and gynecological examination according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable rod (9) is fixed with a limiting collar (14) and a sliding sleeve with a movable collar (13). The movable collar (13) can move along the axial direction of the movable collar (13) on the movable rod (9). The spring (10) is located between the movable collar (13) and the limiting collar (14). The movable collar (13) is located between the rocker (8) and the spring (10).
7. The speculum for obstetric and gynecological examination according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that: The rocker (8) is hinged to the viewport adjustment handle (5) at the middle via a detachable hinge shaft.